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Southeast Asia from Scott Circle
Chair for Southeast Asia Studies Southeast Asia from Scott Circle Volume VII | Issue 4 | February 18, 2016 A Tumultuous 2016 in the South China Sea Inside This Issue gregory poling biweekly update Gregory Poling is a fellow with the Chair for Southeast Asia • Myanmar commander-in-chief’s term extended Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in amid fragile talks with Aung San Suu Kyi Washington, D.C. • U.S., Thailand hold annual Cobra Gold exercise • Singapore prime minister tables changes to February 18, 2016 political system • Obama hosts ASEAN leaders at Sunnylands This promises to be a landmark year for the claimant countries and other summit interested parties in the South China Sea disputes. Developments that have been under way for several years, especially China’s island-building looking ahead campaign in the Spratlys and Manila’s arbitration case against Beijing, will • Kingdom at a Crossroad: Thailand’s Uncertain come to fruition. These and other developments will draw outside players, Political Trajectory including the United States, Japan, Australia, and India, into greater involvement. Meanwhile a significant increase in Chinese forces and • 2016 Presidential and Congressional Primaries capabilities will lead to more frequent run-ins with neighbors. • Competing or Complementing Economic Visions? Regionalism and the Pacific Alliance, Alongside these developments, important political transitions will take TPP, RCEP, and the AIIB place around the region and further afield, especially the Philippine presidential elections in May. But no matter who emerges as Manila’s next leader, his or her ability to substantially alter course on the South China Sea will be highly constrained by the emergence of the issue as a cause célèbre among many Filipinos who view Beijing with wariness bordering on outright fear. -
"Symbolic Politics", Democratization and Indonesian Foreign Policy
Centro Argentino de Estudios Internacionales www.caei.com.ar Islam “Symbolic Politics”1, Democratization and Indonesian Foreign Policy By Anak Agung Banyu Perwita “If someone is able to separate sugar from its sweetness, he will be able to separate Islam religion from politics” (Wahab Chasbullah)2 “The Islamic movement should detach itself from involvement in politics. Islam is a moral force, a way to promote morality” (Abdurrahman Wahid)3. Introduction. The two quotations, above, clearly suggest an endlessly debate about the political role of Islam in Indonesia’s politics. This article discusses the role of political Islam4 in Indonesian politics and the dynamics of the interaction between the Muslim society and the State in the Indonesian political system. It provides the domestic context of the role Islam in Indonesia’s politics, which serves as the platform of the position of political Islam in Indonesia’s foreign policy in the post- Soeharto era. It will also briefly elaborate the development of Indonesia’s external environment (globalization) as an integral element of foreign policy. However, the extent to which the Islamic—as a “religio-politics”5-- factor played a significant role in Indonesian foreign policy has been subject to debate. Therefore, this article will assess the hypothesis that “foreign policies are also influenced by the religious views and beliefs of policymakers and their constituents”.6 1 Symbolic politics can be defined as “collective process of construction, distribution and internalization of political symbols (Phrases, images, norms, rules etc) which present a significant influence on foreign policy during the democratization process”. See Corneliu Bjola (2000). -
Name and Address Supplied
CURRENT AND FUTURE DANGERS IN AUSTRALIA'S RELATIONS WITH INDONESIA ALL words and sentences in Red above and throughout this ciocament must he omitted ' from any publicly released documents. ;P1 ' I SUMMARYOF KEY ISSUES RAISED IN THIS PAPER: 1. Dangers to Australia's long-term security caused by a variety of factors influencing the course of events in Indonesia. 2. The probability of a large-scale refugee exodus to Australia within the next 3-5 years if oppression of minority groups left unchecked. 3. Recently discussions with a number of local Indonesian and overseas leaders regarding the concerns of Islamists controlling the national agenda 4. What can Australia do to help create better relations with Indonesia and to help Indonesia to be a more stable and reliable partner? 1. Dangers to Australia's long-term security caused by a variety of factors influencing the course of events in Indonesia. a. Despite the oflcial disbanding of the "Laskar Jihad" there are still ongoing & only partially restrained attacks by the Islamic "Jihad" and their trained followers in Central Sulawesi, Ambon, and North Maluku. The Islamic Jihad is a network or brotherhood consisting of numerous organizations whose goal is the establishing of Islamic Sharia Law throughout Indonesia and Indonesia becoming an Islamic State. Some of the more visionary radical elements aligned with "Jama 'ah Islamiyah " want to establish a S.E.Asian Islamic nation which would then set its goal on conquering, if necessary by force, other nations in the region, such as Australia, for Islam. To the present time these Islamic Jihad forces are acting with impunity and apparent immunity, although the Bali bombing seems to have caused a temporary halt to many of the major attacks, but in their place there has been a massive increase in the numbers of small bombings and bomb-threats throughout the country: 1. -
Tuan Guru and Ahmadiyah in the Redrawing of Post-1998 Sasak-Muslim Boundary Lines in Lombok
CONTESTED IDENTITIES: TUAN GURU AND AHMADIYAH IN THE REDRAWING OF POST-1998 SASAK-MUSLIM BOUNDARY LINES IN LOMBOK BY SITTI SANI NURHAYATI A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2020 i Abstract This study examines what drives the increasing hostility towards Ahmadiyah in post- Suharto Lombok. Fieldwork was undertaken in three villages – Pemongkong, Pancor and Ketapang – where Ahmadiyah communities lived and experienced violent attacks from 1998 to 2010. The stories from these villages are analysed within the context of a revival of local religious authority and the redefinition of the paradigm of ethno-religious identity. Furthermore, this thesis contends that the redrawing of identity in Lombok generates a new interdependency of different religious authorities, as well as novel political possibilities following the regime change. Finally, the thesis concludes there is a need to understand intercommunal religious violence by reference to specific local realities. Concomitantly, there is a need for greater caution in offering sweeping universal Indonesia-wide explanations that need to be qualified in terms of local contexts. ii iii Acknowledgements Alhamdulillah. I would especially like to express my sincere gratitude and heartfelt appreciation to my primary supervisor, Professor Paul Morris. As my supervisor and mentor, Paul has taught me more than I could ever give him credit for here. My immense gratitude also goes to my secondary supervisors, Drs Geoff Troughton and Eva Nisa, for their thoughtful guidance and endless support, which enabled me, from the initial to the final stages of my doctoral study, to meaningfully engage in the whole thesis writing process. -
Asia Report, Nr. 67: the Perils of Private Security in Indonesia
THE PERILS OF PRIVATE SECURITY IN INDONESIA: GUARDS AND MILITIAS ON BALI AND LOMBOK 7 November 2003 ICG Asia Report N°67 Jakarta/Brussels, 7 November 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 3 II. BALI................................................................................................................................. 2 A. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW........................................................................................................2 1. Traditional Institutions...............................................................................................3 2. The Late New Order ..................................................................................................3 3. The Aftermath of the PDI-P Congress.......................................................................4 4. The Kuta Case............................................................................................................5 5. Election Violence in October 1999............................................................................6 B. SECURITY AND DECENTRALISATION .....................................................................................6 C. THE MIGRANT POPULATION..................................................................................................7 1. Migrant Ordinances ...................................................................................................8 -
16 Biblio 537 27/7/04, 11:48 AM 538 Durga’S Mosque
Bibliography 537 BIBLIOGRAPHY ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY LUB, MS Lor. Leiden Universiteit Bibliothek, Leiden Oriental MS BL/IO British Library/India Office library LUB/LOr Leiden Universiteit Bibliothek: Leiden Oriental manuscript KITLV Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde PNRI: KBG Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia (Indonesian National Library): Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap NBS Netherlands Bible Society, loan collection, Leiden RAS Royal Asiatic Society (London) SMP/KS Surakarta MS Project: Karaton Surakarta SMP/MN Surakarta MS Project: Mangkunagaran (Palace library) SMP/RPM Surakarta MS Project: Radyapustaka Museum, Surakarta MANUSCRIPTS Babad Mangkunagaran, LUB, MS LOr. 6781. “Bundel Slametan dan Labuhan serta Kebo Maésa Lawung”, Mangkunagaran Palace Archives. Ms. 102 Ra. Fatwa-fatwané para Pinituwa (“Councils to the Elders”). Radèn Tanoyo. 1971. Gambar2 kanthi keterangan plabuhan dalem dhumateng redi2 saha dhateng seganten kidul nuju tingalan dalem jumengan mawi 11 lembar (verjaardag van troonsbestigang) from Ir. Moens Platen Album, no. 9 Museum Pusat, Yogyakarta, ms. 934 Dj. Kraemer, H. Autograph note on prayers (donga) important slametan and the Maésa Lawung with donga’s (LUB, MS LOr. 10.846 §4). Mangkunagaran Archives M.N.VI: (box 31) In 1915 the population of Krendawahana: 127 bau of cultivated fields and only 26 bau of rice fields. Mangkunagaran Archives: (box 5.256) As a sort of terminas ad quem for deforestration by 1947 the village of Krendawahana had 139 ha. under cultivation (all classes combined) and was paying an annual tax to the Mangkunagaran of 300 guilders. Pangruwatan. Leiden Oriental Ms. 6525 (1). Pradata (Ngabèhi Arya), Klathèn 1890. Information on 67 palabuhan offerings, with Dutch notes by Rouffaer. -
Eliraz:Layout 1
Center on Islam, Democracy, and the Future of the Muslim World Islam and Polity in Indonesia: An Intriguing Case Study GIORA ELIRAZ Research Monographs on the Muslim World Series No 1, Paper No 5 February 2007 The views, opinions, and/ or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of Defense pos ition, policy, or decision. HUDSON INSTITUTE Islam and Polity in Indonesia: An Intriguing Case Study GIORA ELIRAZ Center on Islam, Democracy, and the Future of the Muslim World © 2007 by Hudson Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. HUDSON INSTITUTE 1015 15th Street, NW Sixth Floor, Washington, DC 20005 202-974-2400 www.hudson.org Islam and Polity in Indonesia: An Intriguing Case Study GIORA ELIRAZ hough it has the fourth-largest population in the world, the huge archi- pelago of Indon esia remains almost unknown to most that live outside T the region. In other words, “to most people, Indonesia is a cipher, by far the least-known of the world’s great nations.”1 Furthermore, though it is home for about 200 million Muslims, the fascinating Islamic mosaic of Indonesia still seems to be regarded by many as peripheral to the Islamic world. (In the wake of September 11 and the Bali bomb- ly significant changes in its political institutions. Over ings of 12 October 2002, Islam in Indonesia has the past few years, a democratic trans for mation is ostensibly gained more attention in the West. But making this country—home to the largest Muslim this attention has mostly led to an increase in new community on the planet—into the third largest observers. -
West Philippine
THE " . instead of following WEST PHILIPPINE SEA procedures, the Chinese say it's so clearly right that our position ARBITRATION cannot be challenged, so we don't have to bother with what we've May 2013 committed ourselves to. how is it for any nation to say we're so n 22 January 2013, the a peaceful negotiated settlement of Philippines formally conveyed its maritime dispute with China. correct that we don't have to go to O to China the Philippine Notification the impartial tribunal we and Statement of Claim that China’s nine-dash line claim is previously agreed on to hear our challenges before the Arbitral contrary to UNCLOS and unlawful. views validated? . Tribunal the validity of China’s nine- The Philippines is requesting the dash line claim to almost the entire Tribunal to, among others: South China Sea (SCS) including This makes China Declare that China’s rights to look bad to the maritime areas in the SCS, like world community … the rights of the Philippines, are established by UNCLOS, and Now it looks like a consist of its rights to a Territorial Sea and Contiguous bully that rejects its Zone under Part II of UNCLOS, legal obligation to to an EEZ under Part V, and to a settle a dispute Continental Shelf under Part VI under UNCLOS." Declare that China’s maritime Professor claims in the SCS based on its Jerome Cohen so-called nine-dash line are New York University contrary to UNCLOS and invalid School of Law Foreign Affairs Secretary Albert F. Del Rosario (right) with Solicitor General Francis Jardeleza at Department May 2013 Require China to bring its of Foreign Affairs on 22 January 2013 where he briefed the media on the Philippine Notification and Statement domestic legislation into of Claim. -
The Changing Paradigm of Indonesian Jihadist
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM THE CHANGING PARADIGM OF INDONESIAN JIHADIST MOVEMENTS From al-`Aduww al-Qarib> to al-`Aduww al-Ba`id> Syaifudin Zuhri UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta - Indonesia Abstract: Like in any other Muslim countries, an analysis of Islamic space in Indonesia cannot ignore the jihadist movements that took shape there. Since the reformation era, Indonesians have witnessed a number of bloody tragedies, ranging from religious conflicts in Ambon, attacks to the Western embassies offices, to the deadliest suicide bombings in Bali. All aforementioned attacks entails that a terrorist group operating in Southeast Asia called Jama’ah Islamiyyah does exist. The article deals with the historical account of the transformation of Indonesian jihadist movements. It will discuss, first, the intellectual roots of the emergence of transnational jihadist movements and, second, the Indonesian’ links to the trend as Jamaah Islamiyyah has demonstrated. The “near enemy” (al-‘aduww al-qarīb) and the “far enemy” (al-‘aduww al-ba‘īd) developed by Greges are key notions quoted as analytical tools to deal with diverse acts of jihadist movement in responde to the local and global parties perceived as anti-Islam. Keywords: Jihadist movement, Jama’ah Islamiyyah, transnational jihadist networks. Introduction Since the collapse of Suharto’s New Order (1966-1998) and along with the political democratisation of the country, Indonesians have witnessed a number of bloody attacks, suicide bombings, and terrorism. It leads to the condemnation and accusation, including from that of the former prime minister of Singapore who maintained that Indonesia is “a nest for terrorists”. -
“Kesalehan Aktif” : Aktivisme Islam Masjid Jogokariyan Pasca Orde Baru
“KESALEHAN AKTIF” : AKTIVISME ISLAM MASJID JOGOKARIYAN PASCA ORDE BARU Oleh: Fharkhan Luthfi NIM: 1320312099 TESIS Diajukan kepada Program Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Kalijaga Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Magister dalam Hukum Islam Prodi Hukum Islam Konsentrasi Studi Politik dan Pemerintahan dalam Islam YOGYAKARTA 2017 ABSTRAK . Tesis ini menguak aktivisme Islam, Masjid Jogokariyan pasca Orde Baru. Keberadaan Masjid Jogokariyan merupakan bagian dari transformasi sosial yang dipengaruhi oleh isu-isu skala nasional pada waktu itu. Kemudian pada perjalanannya aktivisme Islam Masjid Jogokariyan diwarnai oleh BKPMI dalam melakukan kegiatan dan pembinaan remaja Masjid. Adanya remaja Masjid Jogokariyan yang aktif dalam kepengurusan BKPMI Yogyakarta, menjadi sebuah penghubung Masjid Jogokariyan terhadap isu-isu nasional dan internasional. Para pemuda juga menjadi penggerak “Kesalehan Aktif” (Active Piety) Masjid Jogokariyan. Orde Baru melakukan kontrol terhadap aktivitas masjid dengan membentuk Dewan Masjid Indonesia (DMI) dan menjadikan BKPMI (kemudian berubah menjadi BKPRMI) berada di bawah koordinasi DMI untuk melaksanakan beberapa agenda prioritas rezim Orde Baru. Masjid Jogokariyan menerima dampaknya dengan berperan aktif melalui BKPRMI dengan berkontribusi dalam salah satu program yaitu, pembinaan kepada anak-anak dan remaja dalam baca tulis Al qur’an dengan mensosialisasikan metode Iqro’ sebagai salah satu buku paduan wajib secara nasional. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengetahui adanya perubahan dan keberlangsungan aktivisme Islam di Masjid Jogokariyan pasca Orde Baru. Berkurangnya bahkan hilangnya kontrol negara terhadap aktivisme Islam berbasis masjid menjadikan Masjid Jogokariyan leluasa dalam melakukan peran sosial, ekonomi dan politk dengan memperkuat ikatan komunitas dengan masyarakat di sekitarnya melalui pengajian dan kegiatan ekonomi. Ikatan komunitas ini menjadi modal sosial masjid untuk terlibat dan merespon dalam wacana keislaman yang lebih luas di Indonesia seperti kasus Ahok dan lainnya. -
View Combined the Goal of the Islamic State with the Javanese Ideal of the Just King Who Would Bring in a Reign of Justice
Radical Islamist Ideologies in Southeast Asia ANGEL M. RABASA DHERENTS OF RADICAL ISLAMIC IDEOLOGIES are a small minority in Southeast Asia. Islam spread in Southeast Asia largely through the conversion of elites and therefore developed under different condi- Ations from other regions of the Muslim world, where the religion was estab- lished through military conquest. The ethnic and linguistic diversity of the region; the persistence of strong pre-Islamic cultural traditions; the absence of a common language and discourse (such as Arabic, which reinforces ideo- logical and cultural trends in the Arab world); and the presence of substan- tial non-Muslim communities throughout the region accustomed Muslims in Southeast Asia to co-exist with other religious and cultural traditions and produced a famously tolerant version of the religion. There always were, of course, tendencies toward more orthodox and Shariah-based forms of Islam and periodic attempts to introduce more radi- cal interpretations of the religion. The Padri movement in Sumatra in the 1820s and 1830s involved an effort to introduce Wahhabism by clerics re- turning from Mecca who had been influenced by Wahhabi teachings during the al-Sauds’ first occupation of the city at the beginning of the nineteenth century. There were bursts of Muslim radicalism throughout Southeast Asia during the European colonial period—armed jihads to liberate Muslim lands from the occupation of infidels. Indonesia faced a major uprising against the secular republic, the Darul Islam rebellion (1949-1962). The Darul Islam worldview combined the goal of the Islamic state with the Javanese ideal of the Just King who would bring in a reign of justice. -
The Influence of China on Philippine Foreign Policy: the Case of Duterte’S Independent Foreign Policy
THE INFLUENCE OF CHINA ON PHILIPPINE FOREIGN POLICY: THE CASE OF DUTERTE’S INDEPENDENT FOREIGN POLICY BY MR. NATHAN DANIEL V. SISON A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ASIA PACIFIC STUDIES COLLEGE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC YEAR 2017 COPYRIGHT OF THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY Ref. code: 25605966090168XQU THE INFLUENCE OF CHINA ON PHILIPPINE FOREIGN POLICY: THE CASE OF DUTERTE’S INDEPENDENT FOREIGN POLICY BY MR. NATHAN DANIEL V. SISON A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ASIA PACIFIC STUDIES COLLEGE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC YEAR 2017 COPYRIGHT OF THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY Ref. code: 25605966090168XQU (1) Thesis Title THE INFLUENCE OF CHINA ON PHILIPPINE FOREIGN POLICY: THE CASE OF DUTERTE‟S INDEPENDENT FOREIGN POLICY Author Mr. Nathan Daniel Velasquez Sison Degree Master of Arts in Asia-Pacific Studies Major Major Field/Faculty/University College of Interdisciplinary Studies Thammasat University Thesis Advisor Associate Professor Chanintira na Thalang, Ph.D. Academic Year 2017 ABSTRACT Since the start of his administration, President Rodrigo Roa Duterte has pursued a foreign policy which has been in contrast with the containment policy of the Aquino administration towards China. The new leader immediately pushed forward for a true practice of independent foreign policy which denotes that the country will seek closer relations with China and Russia as it distances itself from its traditional ally, the US. The policy shift of this administration is also understood as a “Pivot to China,” which explicitly demonstrate a change in the normal pattern of the country‟s strategic diplomacy with aims of diversifying options and improving relations with other countries.