Integrated Recovery and Resilience Project

Semi-Annual Program Performance Report

Covering the Period June 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019

Submitted: October 30, 2019

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Table of Contents Table of Contents ...... 2 1 Introduction ...... 3 Background ...... 3 2 Program Activities – Agriculture and Food Security Objective ...... 3 Activity 1: Seed Needs and Market Assessment and Community and Household Targeting ...... 3 Activity 2: Seed Starter Pack Procurement ...... 4 Activity 3: Seed Starter Pack Distribution and Sensitization ...... 5 Activity 4: Crop Production Management and Monitoring ...... 5 Activity 5: Crop Assessment ...... 5 3 Comparison Between Planned Results and Actual Results ...... 6 Result 1: Percentage of households with awareness of how to access seeds ...... 6 Result 2: Number of people directly benefiting from improving agricultural production and/or food security activities ...... 6 Result 3: Number of months of household food self-sufficiency as a result of improved agricultural production programming ...... 6 Result 4: Percentage of households with access to sufficient seeds to plant ...... 7 4 Additional Data ...... 8 Reasons why established goals were not met (if applicable), the impact on the program objective(s), and how the impact has been/will be addressed...... 8 Reasons why targets for any indicators were not met or were exceeded, and proposed mitigation measures as applicable...... 8 Any data quality assessments undertaken during the report period...... 8 Other pertinent information including, when appropriate, success stories (if available) which illustrate the direct positive effects of the program; how unforeseen circumstances affected overall performance compared to original assumptions (if applicable), how activities were accordingly adjusted or re- targeted; and analysis and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs...... 8 Number of vehicles purchased or leased...... 8 Number of non-U.S. vehicles purchased or leased...... 8 Source of each vehicle and the nationality of the supplier...... 8 An explanation of why geographic code 937 was not used with reference to the file documentation described in Section 1.6(b) below...... 8 Annex I: Annual Performance Data Table (APDT) Semi-Annual Report ...... 9 Annex II: Distribution Locations ...... 10

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1 Introduction This semi-annual program performance report describes activities under the Mozambique Integrated Recovery and Resilience (MIRAR) project implemented by Land O’Lakes Venture37 from the June 1, 2019 starting date of the project to September 30, 2019. It is prepared and submitted according to the requirement in grant agreement section 1.5(b)(3)(C).

Background After tropical cyclone Idai, the mainly agrarian population in the Beira corridor is grappling with widespread damage to their productive assets, raising concerns over food security and the sustainability of agriculture-based livelihoods. Over 100,000 homes of largely resource-poor households were destroyed, 711,000 hectares of crops ruined, and the livestock that survived Cyclone Idai lack access to grazing and risk disease as they move through the region and congregate in dry areas. In District alone, local authorities report that more than 451,300 hectares of agricultural land have been destroyed, comprising 65 percent of the total crops in the province (OCHA 1 April 2019 Update).

In partnership with both USAID and USDA, Land O´Lakes Venture37 (Venture37) operates throughout the Beira corridor implementing crops and livestock activities and has documented significant damage to crops as well as death, disease, and malnutrition among livestock. Much of the market infrastructure has been damaged at a time when both local supply of resources and demand for agriculture products is already low.

MIRAR is a USAID/OFDA-funded project running from June 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020 with a budget of USD 799,897. The goal of MIRAR is to assist agrarian households in Sofala and Manica provinces to stabilize their household food security during the main agricultural season following cyclone Idai by starting to recover their mixed seeds and cropping assets. To do this, Venture37 will distribute seven kilograms of maize and legume seeds to 15,000 households in Nhamatanda District of and of . The distribution of seeds will allow households affected by cyclone Idai floods to sow on most of their normal arable land during the main agricultural season so they can improve food security for their family through a normal harvest. Using existing seed systems to distribute these seeds via a commercial seed seller will familiarize these households with the means of getting seeds in the future if they cannot set aside enough of their own.

2 Program Activities – Agriculture and Food Security Objective This section provides an overview of MIRAR activities under the single OFDA objective: Agriculture and Food Security.

Activity 1: Seed Needs and Market Assessment and Community and Household Targeting

The MIRAR team consulted with district government authorities in Nhamatanda and Sussundenga districts to obtain a list of the most affected villages which have not received seeds from other NGO efforts. To ensure that MIRAR does not duplicate efforts, the Program Manager coordinated with the Seed Distribution Cluster in Beira (a group of NGOs and government) who discussed and presented distributions expected from their respective organizations. To further coordinate the location selection, the MIRAR project contacted the Provincial Secretariat, National Institute for Disaster Management (INGC), Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Food Security (DPASA), District Governments, District Economic Activity Services (SDAE - Serviço Distrital de Actividades Economica's), Administrative Posts and Localities. The MIRAR team conducted thirteen key informant interviews (KIIs) with six community leaders in Sussundenga and Macate districts in the Manica province, and seven community leaders in Nhamatanda district in the Sofala province. The purpose of the KIIs were to validate the data from the district authorities to ensure they meet the MIRAR targeting criteria. The criteria and validation efforts are described below. • Household vulnerability. This is defined as low-income status and affected by the cyclone, with particular emphasis on households headed by women. All households in the villages in the project area are low-income. MIRAR used the list from the district officials and the KIIs to validate and refine our targeting and make the final target list of villages.

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• Household head has prior experience in the selected crops. Validated by asking the district official in the key informant interviews whether the local residents have experience growing maize, cowpea, pigeon pea, or lablab bean. • Household has not received seed from other recovery efforts. The district governments provided lists of villages that they believe have not received seeds from any other NGO. MIRAR validated this through the Seed Distribution Cluster group and also by asking the local village officials whether the village is receiving seeds from any other source The key informant interviews (see Annex II for a full list of interviews conducted) focused on the following:  Number of households in each community,  How the cyclone affected the community,  Which crops are usually planted in that area, and  Any seed distribution plans in the community (government, INGC, NGO).

The analysis of the key informant interview data showed that 91% of the villages in Nhamatanda district and 63% of villages in Sussundenga district were affected by rains and severe flooding. The villages in the Macate district were affected by wind and rains only. Given this result and MIRAR’s objective to focus on villages affected by flooding who were most likely to have lost their seed sources, the baseline sampling frame included the affected villages from Sussundenga and Nhamatanda districts. The MIRAR team developed a household survey to administer to a randomly selected sample of households in the target villages. The survey asked questions about household demographics, crops grown and harvested in the previous season, source of seeds in the previous season, and expectations for planting area in the next season.

19,610 households were affected by floods in Nhamatanda and Sussundenga Districts and these also became the sample frame for the baseline survey. All households in each targeted village were registered with basic demographic information. Additional information was collected from a sample of households to inform the baseline survey. The data collection for baseline and registration of households took place within a period of 12 days, from July 31st to August 12th, 2019. 5,000 Households from 24 communities were registered in Sussundenga and 303 households were surveyed for the baseline survey. 10,000 households from 27 communities were registered in Nhamatanda and 699 were surveyed for the baseline survey.

The baseline data confirmed that the households targeted were likely greatly impacted by the cyclone. Over half of households did not harvest any crop, despite planting seed last season. This was slightly more prevalent in Sussundenga than Nhamatanda district

Activity 2: Seed Starter Pack Procurement The agricultural recovery kits are composed of 5 kg of maize, 1kg of cowpea and 1kg of pigeon pea and have three main benefits:

1) Supporting the stabilization of household food security by ensuring that seeds are planted in time for the main-season rains in November;

2) Allowing for mixed cropping of maize and nitrogen-fixing legumes to improve soil health resulting in increased agricultural resiliency; and

3) Supporting the production of a diverse mix of nutritious crops that are harvested at different times throughout the season, reducing the hunger season and contributing to a nutritious diet for poor, largely subsistence farming households that rely heavily on maize as a primary food staple.

Bids for 105 metric tons of seed were solicited via an advertisement in the Noticias newspaper. 16 bids were received. From those 16 bids, 6 met the minimum requirements and were considered. The MIRAR team conducted a due diligence visit with the top 3 bidders to supply the seed (Emilia Commercial, Agro Seela and Phoenix) and the winner of the tender was Phoenix Seeds. 4

Seed samples of maize and pigeon pea were collected and sent to two different laboratories to verify seed purity and germination (Polytechnic Institute of Manica (ISPM) and the National Laboratory). The test conducted at ISPM showed 81.8 % germination and the test at the National Laboratory showed 85% of tested maize seed germinated, meeting the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) standard. The pigeon pea results were not good: around 52% germination at ISPM and 57% germination at the National Laboratory. The International Seed Testing Agency standard for pigeon pea (and cowpea) is 80%. Thus, Phoenix sourced the maize and pigeon pea seed from a different supplier based in Malawi. Although Phoenix will provide OIC certificates showing germination testing and weed seed purity for all seed sourced, Venture37 will verify the germination rates with testing by an independent laboratory in Chimoio and by planting a sample locally. Phoenix Seeds has provided a Seed Grower’s Certificate of Quality for the maize seed that they are providing from their farm in Vanduzi, Mozambique.

Activity 3: Seed Starter Pack Distribution and Sensitization From September 25 to October 10 the MIRAR team oriented targeted farmers on how to use the seed for mixed crop production and how to practice intercropping. The seed packages themselves will include a graphical description of how to plant and intercrop the seeds and this will be explained at each distribution location. However, farmers are less likely to pay attention to this information on the day of distribution, so MIRAR held meetings before distribution on topics such as the benefit of mixed crop production and proper spacing. Attendees had the opportunity to view a demonstration showing the advantage of using cover crops to promote water infiltration into the soil. These meetings took approximately 90 minutes and around 54% of registered households attended. Farmers actively participated and interacted with the MIRAR team by asking questions and talking about their experience with intercropping.

To prepare for a smooth distribution process, the MIRAR team conducted meetings with community leaders to determine the point from which seeds will be distributed and what the GPS coordinates are for all those points (see annex 2). MIRAR will distribute seed at 10 seed distribution points in Nhamatanda and 20 seed distribution points in Sussundenga. A table with seed distributions points was shared with the Seed Distribution Cluster meeting, which is a group of NGOs and government representatives that meet to coordinate seed distribution efforts.

Phoenix Seeds is sourcing the maize seed from their farm in Mozambique and importing the cowpea and pigeon pea seed from Malawi. Packaging is planned for November 1 and distribution for November 4. Details on this aspect of the activity will be included in the next semi-annual report.

Activity 4: Crop Production Management and Monitoring This activity will begin at the end of November or early December once the seeds are distributed. The Government of Mozambique has expressed concern to Venture37 that the beneficiaries of the MIRAR seed distribution should also receive ongoing technical assistance regarding intercropping. MIRAR will provide a graphic insert in the seed kits but additional support to farmers is not part of the approved program description.

A complementary USAID-funded agriculture intervention implemented by Venture37 will provide technical assistance to MIRAR beneficiaries. The Resilient Agriculture Markets Activity – Beira Corridor (RAMA-BC) project will be setting up 12 demonstration plots in Nhamatanda and 7 demonstration plots in Dombe to show neighboring farmers the techniques and benefits of conservation agriculture practices.

Activity 5: Crop Assessment This activity is scheduled to start in February 2020 by establishing small sample units in randomly selected fields which are visited monthly to determine numbers of plants, numbers of fruits per plant (cob, cowpea pods, or pigeon pea pods), and weight of the cob or pods as well as sub-samples of dry grains. With these data MIRAR will calculate the number of months of household food self-sufficiency as a result of improved agricultural production programming.

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3 Comparison Between Planned Results and Actual Results

Result 1: Percentage of households with awareness of how to access seeds # Indicator Name Unit Disaggregation Baseline YR 1 Life of Project (Output or Outcome) Year Value Target Actual Target Actual 1 Percentage of households Percentage Total 99.4% with awareness of how to 2019 75% 75% access seeds Male household 99.2% head Custom outcome Female 99.6% household head Data on this indicator will be collected during the final evaluation conducted February to March 2020 through surveying a representative sample of households. The MIRAR MEL Specialist will be responsible for collecting and analyzing this data.

Result 2: Number of people directly benefiting from improving agricultural production and/or food security activities # Indicator Name Unit Disaggregation Baseline YR 1 Life of Project (Output or Outcome) Year Value Target Actual Target Actual 2 Number of people directly Number of Total 0 benefiting from improving individuals 2019 71,250 71,250 agricultural production Male 0 and/or food security activities Female 0 OFDA output The progress of this indicator will be analyzed from data collected from seed-receiving family members and their immediate family members. These data will be reported in the next report (April 2020) drawing on records kept by the MIRAR MEL Specialist and field staff involved in seed distribution.

Result 3: Number of months of household food self-sufficiency as a result of improved agricultural production programming # Indicator Name Unit Disaggregation Baseline YR 1 Life of Project (Output or Outcome) Year Value Target Actual Target Actual 3 Number of months of Number of Total 2.6 household food self- months 2019 +0.5 +0.5 sufficiency as a result of Male household 2.7 improved agricultural head production programming Female 2.2 household head OFDA outcome Data on this indicator will be collected during the final evaluation conducted February to March 2020 through surveying a representative sample of households on crop yield and planted area. The harvest will not have occurred by the time the MIRAR final evaluation is conducted so we will compare the expected average yield of farmers who received seeds and calculate the indicator, assuming that the average family of 4.75 requires 50 kg of maize / month. This data will be collected and analyzed by the project's MEL team responsible for the final evaluation.

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Result 4: Percentage of households with access to sufficient seeds to plant # Indicator Name Unit Disaggregation Baseline YR 1 Life of Project (Output or Outcome) Year Value Target Actual Target Actual 4 Percentage of households Percentage Total 57.3% with access to sufficient 2019 75% 75% seeds to plant Male household 50.8% head OFDA outcome Female 67.6% household head This indicator will be measured during the final project evaluation period (February to March 2020) in the survey of a sample of project participants. This data will be collected by the final evaluation team and reported in the final evaluation as well as the MIRAR Final Report in April 2020.

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4 Additional Data

Reasons why established goals were not met (if applicable), the impact on the program objective(s), and how the impact has been/will be addressed. During the reporting period established goals were met. In October 2019, the beginning of distribution was delayed by several weeks. This will be addressed by beginning distribution as early as practical – on November 4, 2019.

Reasons why targets for any indicators were not met or were exceeded, and proposed mitigation measures as applicable. During this reporting period, baseline indicator values were collected and no project activities that would affect the indicators had been completed.

Any data quality assessments undertaken during the report period. The baseline report data was assessed for quality prior to analysis and inclusion in the baseline report.

Other pertinent information including, when appropriate, success stories (if available) which illustrate the direct positive effects of the program; how unforeseen circumstances affected overall performance compared to original assumptions (if applicable), how activities were accordingly adjusted or re- targeted; and analysis and explanation of cost overruns or high unit costs.

International wire transfer delays resulted in the deposit to the seed vendor arriving much later than anticipated, which caused Phoenix Seeds to lose their initial supply of pigeon pea and cowpea. They had to find another supplier and ultimately succeeded in identifying one in Malawi that could supply the full quantities needed. This has resulted in a delay to the start of distribution.

Number of vehicles purchased or leased. 0. No vehicles were purchased or leased for the MIRAR project. The MIRAR project is using vehicles that already belonged to Land O’Lakes Venture37.

Number of non-U.S. vehicles purchased or leased. 0. No vehicles were purchased or leased for the MIRAR project. The MIRAR project is using vehicles that already belonged to Land O’Lakes Venture37.

Source of each vehicle and the nationality of the supplier. Not applicable. No vehicles were purchased or leased for the MIRAR project. The MIRAR project is using vehicles that already belonged to Land O’Lakes Venture37.

An explanation of why geographic code 937 was not used with reference to the file documentation described in Section 1.6(b) below. To-date all MIRAR procurements have been from geographic code 937.

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Annex I: Annual Performance Data Table (APDT) Semi-Annual Report

Project Mozambique Integrated Recovery and Resilience Project (MIRAR) Period Start Date June 1, 2019 Period End Date September 30, 2019

# Indicator Name Unit Disaggregation Baseline YR 1 Life of Project (Output or Outcome) Year Value Target Actua Target Actual 1 l Program Goal: Assist agrarian households in Sofala and Manaci Provinces stabilize their food security OFDA Sector: Food Security and Agriculture 1 Percentage of households Percentage Total 99.4% with awareness of how to 201 75% 75% access seeds Male household 9 99.2% head Custom outcome Female 99.6% household head OFDA Sub-sector: Improving Agricultural Production / Food Security 2 Number of people directly Number of Total 0 benefiting from improving individuals 201 71,250 71,250 agricultural production Male 9 0 and/or food security activities Female 0 OFDA output 3 Number of months of Number of Total 2.6 household food self- months 201 +0.5 +0.5 sufficiency as a result of Male household 9 2.7 improved agricultural head production programming Female 2.2 household head OFDA outcome 4 Percentage of households Percentage Total 57.3% with access to sufficient 201 75% 75% seeds to plant Male household 9 50.8% head OFDA outcome Female 67.6% household head

1 Targets were not disaggregated. The actual values will be disaggregated. 9

Annex II: Distribution Locations

Administrative Registered District Post Locality Community Households Quantity (Kg) Delivery Points Latitude Longitude Resettlement Center? Muwawa 617 4319 Muwawa -19.999324 33.389199 Resettlement Center Darue Zinguena 300 2100 Zinguena -19.7163758 33.41117 Thussene-Choma 329 2303 Thussene-Choma -19.9285322 33.6173959 Metchisso 199 1393 Muriro (Escola) -19.9419248 33.4902872 Matarara Matarara 565 3955 Matarara 33.592488 70.00 Resettlement Center Muriro 67 469 Muriro (Escola) -19.916259 33.592488 Bairro Unidade 332 2324 Bairro Unidade -19.945176 33.366699 Resettlement Center Mabaia-25 de Mabaia Setembro 194 1358 Mabaia -19.9617468 33.4008081 Resettlement Center Macocoe 140 980 Macocoe -19.9642453 33.4260278 Resettlement Center Dombe Sussundenga Mucombe 136 952 Mucombe -19.9498617 33.4743441 Resettlement Center Manhama 207 1449 Manhama -19.989795 33.419192 Resettlement Center Nahanhemba 497 3479 Nhanhemba -19.923903 33.555885 Phambanissa 327 2289 Phambanissa -19.991105 33.439442 Javela Muchai 185 1295 Muchai -20.019334 33.362558 Resettlement Center Gudza Sede 378 2646 Gudza -20.039363 33.335418 Resettlement Center Magueba 247 1729 Magueba -19.999315 33.389199 Resettlement Center Nhamussissua 109 763 Nhamussisua -20.070353 33.385189 Resettlement Center Muoco Magaro 108 756 Magaro -19.531887 33.21828 Resettlement Center Dombe 63 441 Dombe -19.917321 33.591066 Resettlement Center TOTAL 5000 35000

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Household Delivery District Administrative Locality Community Registered Quantity(kg) Point Latitude Longitude Macorococho 779 5453 Macorocosho -19.547948 33.889848 25 de Setembro 175 1225 -19.39849 34.160021 Maponesse 128 896 Armazem Chirrassicua 479 3353 -19.398625 34.160118 Chirassicua Armando Guebuza 205 1435 Joaquim Marra 260 1820 -19.3081754 34.2673388 Bombamite 161 1127 Mecuzi -19.358301 34.209824 Mecuzi 242 1694 -19.349648 34.194794 Mazongoro 9 Bairro 169 1183 Mazongoro 47 329 Nhazinbigue 15 Bairro 181 1267 Massaracuenda 12 Escola Ndeja -19.303824 34, 412215 bairro 112 784 Jhon Segredo 408 2856 Nhamatanda Tica Mazongoro 5 Bairro 22 154 Ndeja 10 Bairro 165 1155 Ndeja 1 Bairro 308 2156 Ndeja 13 Bairro 244 1708 Lamego Josina Machel 129 903 Ndeja 25 de Junho 284 1988 Josina -19.349554 34.373416 Massaracuenda 50 350 Machel Ndeja -Jhon Segredo 7 Bairo 56 392 Mangomo 2 247 1729 Mongomo1 149 1043 Ndeja 14 Bairro 35 245 Mudamufu 798 5586 Mudamufu -19.433727 34.401801 Halumwa 306 2142 Haluwma -19.316861 34.280881

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Nhanssalaze A 441 3087 Nhanssalaze -19.236058 34.2798 Nhassalazi B 378 2646 Nhangõna 470 3290 Nhangona -19.236831 34.321941 (Escola) Nhamatanda Metochira Madangua 388 2716 -19.264062 34.326217 Sede Pita Maguimba A 405 2835 Maguimba B 636 4452 Maguimba A -19.193928 34.290483 Maguimba C 510 3570 Kobola 633 4431 Kobola -19.262454 34.282622 TOTAL 10000 70000

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