Vol. XII No. I January, 1957 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN 8 FAIRFAX MANSIONS. O/fice ond Consulting Hours: FINCHLEY ROAD (Corner Fairfax Road), Mortday to Thursday 10 a.m.— I p.m. 3- LONDON, N.W.3 Friday 10 a.m.—I p.m. Ttltphone: MAIda Vale 9096/7 (General Office) MAIda Vale ^449 (Emplojrmenc Atency and Social Services Dept.)

Julius Isaac THE HUNGARIAN REFUGEES In this issue readers will find various refer­ END OF AN EPOCH ences to the new wave of refugees who have reached these shores: the refugees from The attitude of the Jews from Germany proud achievement. It is only a reflection of Hungary. This country has again stood up towards their past has, during the last 20 years the impact which he made during those years to her tradition as a haven for the suppressed or so, undergone a significant change. As a that the " Juedische Rundschau"' and in and [jersecuted. natural reaction to the traumatic experience of particular his " Trag ihn mit Stolz, den gelben Our minds go back to the winter of 1938-39. the German catastrophe, and in an endeavour Fleck" and " Jasagen zum Judentum" are when, after the pogroms, tens of thousands of to take roots in their countries of adoption, the quoted in different contexts by several con­ German Jews arrived in this island. Now the surviving remnants wanted to repudiate or at tributors to the Year Book. problem is not exclusively a Jewish one. But least forget their past in its entirety. But in Tasks of Leo Baeck Institute among the arriving refugees the number of recent years a more detached and discriminating Jews is not unsubstantial. It does credit to the view seems to have emerged: German Jewry, This being thc first publication of the Leo German Jews that quite a few of them have with all its shortcomings, has. after all, made Baeck Institute some space is given to an already asked the AJR for ways in which they a specific and definite contribution to Judaism outline of its objects and constitution. Thc can help the newcomers. Some of the most as well as to civilisation in general. An objec­ Chairman of the Board, Dr. .Siegfried Moses urgent requirements are listed in an announce­ '\ tive appraisal, of this contribution is, therefore, (Jerusalem), points out that the Institute was ment published in this edition. They include fully justified. Th^ small number of Jews in founded in 1954 by the Council of Jews from commodities and employment; yet, as various y post-war Germany can hardly be regarded as Germany with the financial support of thc discussions with the organisations in charge >a connecting link between the past and the Conference on Jewish Material Claims. Three reveal, the paramount problem is that of accom­ _^resent. To undertake this work is rather working centres, in Jerusalem, London, and modation. tke duty of those who had an active part in the New York have been set up. Each centralises Nobody can understand better than we what ciRural and economic life of German Jewry the work within its own area, while Jerusalem an* can now reassess it retrospectively in the it means to come to a strange country, however is at the same time the seat of the Central hospitable. Fortunately for most of us these light of their experience as citizens of Israel Board on which members from the three areas or other countries outside Germany. problems have become a matter of the past. serve. The Institute owes much to the initia­ Yet it is just because we have now settled down The publication under review* is the first tive and ideas of the late Leo Baeck. He felt that it must be our duty to help those whose representative attempt at such a reassessment. strongly that it was an urgent task to preserve plight is akin to ours 18 years ago. We are It is edited by Robert Weltsch on behalf of and hand over to future generations the experi­ sure all German Jews will realise this the Leo Baeck Institute of Jews from Germany. ences and achievements of Jews in Germany, obligation. Indeed, no survivor of the catastrophe could which have so profoundly influenced develop­ have been better qualified for this job than ments far beyond their own orbit. The Robert Weltsch. If the agony of the German Institute's ultimate aim is to present this its philosophical and its practical achievements. Jews during the Hitler years dignified them spiritual, cultural, and social inheritance in a "However," the preface reminds us, ""history is and brought to the fore their best qualities, comprehensive history of German Jewry. The a continuous process and a single period cannot be completely isolated." Thus some aspects of earlier Robert Weltsch can claim a great share in this present tentative programme for research is periods are also dealt with, so that the interested • Year Book I of the Leo Baeck Institute of Jews from focused on the history of German Jewry since reader may find the threads which lead directly Gtnami. East and West Libran'. 27s. bd. the emancipation. Work on various aspects of up to the later lime. the history of German Jewry has been in full Expert Authors Auf Einlodung der Botschaft der swing since 1955 under the auspices of the Institute. In addition to the publication of the Each of the 25 authors represented in the book Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird Year Book, Moses lists the following tasks : is an acknowledged expert in his field. However, Der Senator fuer inneres, Berlin, not all of them are well known to the general 1. work of exclusively scientific nature, such public and one would have liked condensed as the continuation of "Germania Judaica " : biographies indicating their activities before and JOACHIM LIPSCHITZ 2. monographs ; 3. research on the history of after the German disaster. Readers will be glad to economics ; 4. memoirs of Jews from Germany, hear that it is intended to supply these biographies a"" Dienstag, den 29. Januar 1957, which are historically or sociologically of in Year Book II. um 8 Uhr abends special interest. Some of the studies have Weltsch has subdivided the contributions into reached an advanced stage and arc scheduled seven sections: From the Past to the Present; Jewish Organisation and Spiritual Resistance im Friends House (Grosser Saal), for early publication. during the Hitler Epoch ; Jewish Thought and its Euston Road, London, N.W.1 This is an ambitious programme. If it can be Reorientation ; Problems of Economic Life ; carried out successfully—and the Institute has no Dociiiiients of the Past; Thc New Dispersion ; illusions about this '-if"—the appeal of the Insti­ Bibliography. ueber das Thema tute's work will go far beyond the limited circle But it is clearly not possible to put the material of the surviving Jews from Germany. But the into different airtight compartments. Some over­ DIE DEUTSCHE Institute relies first and foremost on their co-opera­ lapping is unavoidable and even desirable if it tion and interest. " They, for their part, will find helps the author to put the subject matter into it rewarding to evince such interest and thus to proper perspective. Reference to the work of WIEDERGUTMACHUNG share the Institute's work." Martin Buber, Leo Baeck. and Franz Rosenzweig sprechen. The high standard of the Year Book augurs is indispensable in more than one section and well for future success. Leo Baeck did not live context. If we compare, for instance. Rabbi Dr. Botschafter von Herwarth wird die to see the completed work. He contributed a A. Ahmann's penetrating analysis of the spiritual thoughtful preface: " The End of an Epoch," and leaders of pre-war German Jewry with the—in Veranstaltung eroeffnen. a moving discourse in memory of two of his some respects not less enlightening—approach to Die Versammlung ist oeffentlich. closest co-operators in the work of the Reichs­ the same subject in the essays of Ernst Simon. vertretung: Otto Hirsch and Julius L. Seligsohn. Nahum N. Glaizer. and Hans Liebeschuetz. we EinJQss frei, ohne besondere Eintrittskorten. Although the scope of Year Book I is some­ get a much more vivid idea of the spiritual Wir bitten unsere Leser, ouch interessierte what narrower than the Institute's programme, it achievements during that period than the appraisal Freunde auf diese bedeutsame Veranstaltung gives a very promising foretaste of the fruits of only one author could h:\ve conveyed. which we may expect in the near future from its The general reader will find the discussion of hinzuweisen. activities. The main subject of the present volume is Jewish life at the early Stage of the Hiller era. Continued on page 2. column I mmm.

Page 2 AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Continued from previous page the problems of organisation and spiritual resis­ RESTITUTION NEWS tance during the Hitler epoch (Section II) particu­ larly rewarding. .Many of us, who, in the process WERTPAPIERBEREINIGUNG DURCHFUEHRUNGSVERORDNUNGEJN ZUM BUNDESENTSCHAEDIGUNGSGESETZ of assimilation, had become more or less alienated Neue Aiuneldefristen from Jewish life, were grateful for the material Im Bundesentschaedigungsgesetz 1956 war die and moral support we received during these tragic Gemass dem 3. Gesetz zur Aenderung und Bundesregierung ermaechtigt worden, Durch- years. But we tended gradually to take it almost Ergaenzung des Wertpapierbereinigungsgesetzes fuehrungsveroranungen zu den Bestimmungen ueber for granted, not being aware that it was entirely vom 16.11.1956 (Bundesgesetzblatt 1956 Teil I Schaden an Leben, an Koerper und Gesundheit und due to the sacrifices, wisdom, and leadership of Nr.48 S.850ff.) koennen Rechte aus Wertpapieren, im beruflichen und wirtschafilichen Fortkommen the few and that they had to take decisions of die der Berechtigte nicht oder nicht rechtzeitig nach zu erlassen. Die Bearbeitung schwebender vital importance to all of us. One case in point den Wertpapierbereinigungsgesetzen angemeldet Antraege war von einigen Entschaedigungsbehoer­ was the problem of emigration. Should we yield hat, nachtraeglich angemeldet werden (Nachan- den bis zum Erlass der Durchfuehrungsverord­ to the Nazi menace and travel the " one-way road meldung). Das Gleiche gilt, wenn eine Anmeldung nungen zurueckgestellt wordeu. Nunmehr sind to Palestine" as they advised us in their sneering zurueckgenommen oder als unzulaessig abgelehnt im Bundesgesetzblatt No. 49 vom 24. November speeches and posters during the first Hitler years. worden ist. (§1) 1956 (Seite 864 ff.) die Durchfuehrungsverord­ or should we defend our positions in Gennany 1st eine Anmeldung vor dem Inkrafttreten dieses nungen vom 23. November 1956 zum Schaden an as long as possible, relying on an early collapse 3. Ergaenzungsgesetzes rechtskraeftig abgelehnt Leben (1. DV-BEG) und zum Schaden an Koerper of the regime ? worden, weil der Anmelder den Beweis des Rechts und Gesundheit (2. DV-BEG) vcroeffentlicht. Die 3. nicht erbracht hat, so kann das Recht wieder Durchfuehrungsverordnung (Schaden im beruf­ Differii^ Views on Emigration angemeldet werden (Wiederanmeldung), wenn der lichen und wirtschaftlichen Fortkommen) ist noch There is, of course, no doubt of the right Anmelder oeffentliche Urkunden auffindet oder zu in Vorbereitung und wird voraussichtlich in answer after the event, and there should never benutzen in den Stand gesetzl wird oder Bank- Kuerze veroeffentlicht werden. have been any doubt for German Zionists ; but bescheinigungen beibringt. die ohne sein eigenes Der Inhalt der ersten und zweiten Durch­ even many of them failed to live up to their Verschulden im Pruefungsverfahren nicht berueck­ fuehrungsverordnung wird in einer Sonderbeilage ideology and interpretation of the " Jewish- sichtigt werden konnten und eine fuei ihn zur Februar-Nummer von AJR INFORMATION German symbiosis." " The most important guenstigere Entscheidung herbeigefuehrt haben dargestellt werden. question continuously propounded to the Reichs­ wuerden. Eine Wiederanmeldung kann ferner vertretung, to the Verbaende, and everywhere vorgenommen werden, wenn die Ablehnung der else was: Shall we advise emigration or not ? Anmeldung lediglich darauf beruhte, dass ein im Besitz des Deutschen Reiches oder seiner Depot- It is quite understandable that opinions differed, Anmelder die Richtigkeit einer von ihm abgege- bank (Preussische Staatsbank) verblieben, oder but very soon the exhortation of Dr. Leo Baeck benen Erklaerung nicht an Eides Statt versichert konnte jedenfalls eine Verwertung der Wertpapiere pushed everything else to the rear: 'First send hatte. (§2) durch das Reich nicht nachgewiesen werden, sc out as many children as possible.'" (Nathan Stein Nachmeldungen koennen bis zu einer ander­ muessen der Verfolgte oder seine Erben. um das in " Oberrat der Israeliten Badens, 1922-1937," weitigen gesetzlichen Regelung vorgenommen Recht auf Wertpapierbereinigung geltend zu p. 189.) werden; Wiederanmeldungen sind binnen acht machen, zunaechst den Anspruch auf Ruecker­ The profound effect of this decision was Monaten seit dem Inkrafttreten dieses Gesetzes bei stattung in dem Rueckerstattungsverfahren ver- reflected in the work of the Youth Aliyah, the der Pruefstelle einzureichen. (§3) folgen. Sie sind in diesem Falle zur Anmeldung youth organisations, the curriculum of the elemen­ Voraussetzung fuer die Geltendmachung des nach den Bestimmungen des Wertpapierbereini­ Anspruchs auf Wertpapierbereinigung ist die gungsgesetzes auch dann berechtigt, wenn ueber tary schools, and in the provtsionr for vocational den Rueckerstattungsanspruch noch nicht rechts­ training. " The word ' Berufsumschichtung' Fuehrung des Nachweises, dass der Anmelder bei Inkrafttreten des Wertpapierbereinigungsgesetzes kraeftig entschieden ist. Eine solche Anmeldung became a catchword among Jews. The main task vom 19.8.1949 Eigentuemer oder Miteigentuemer ist als " Rueckerstattungsanmeldung" zu kenn- was to direct the younger generation into new der Wertpapiere gewesen ist. Unter dem Gesichts­ zeichnen. Die Pruefung ist bis zur rechtskraeftigen tracks and to prepare them for manual work " punkt der Wiedergutmachung sind die folgenden Entscheidung ueber den Rueckerstattungsanspruch (Hans Gaertner, p. 137). This emphasis on manual drei Faelle zu unterscheiden : auszusetzen. work was. according to Gaertner, prejudicial to the promotion of Jewish secondary schools. 1. Sofem das Wertpapier noch auf dem Konto 3. Waren die Wertpapiere vom Reich einge­ Although statistics are available only in the case des Wiedergutmachungsberechtigten zur angege­ zogen und im Wege des Verkaufs verwertet worden. benen Zeit verbucht war, kann der Wiedergut- so steht dem Verfolgten oder seinen Erben kein of Palestine. " it is certain that (apart from the machungsberechtigte ohne weiteres sein Eigen- Anspruch auf Wertpapierbereinigung zu, sondern immigrants into Palestine) only a small minority tumsrecht und seinen Anspruch auf Wertpapier­ lediglich ein Anspruch auf Schadenersatz gemaess earned their living by manual labour. Thus it was bereinigung geltend machen, ohne dass es der den Bestimmungen der geltenden Rueckerstattungs­ certainly justified to regard the best school educa­ Durchfuehrung des Rueckerstattungsverfahrens gesetze und des in Vorbereitung befindlichen tion as suitable preparation for emigration. . . . hedarf. Der gemaess der 11. Verordnung zum Bundesrueckerstattungsgesetzes. Solche Ansprueche The idea of a general (not only Israel-bound) Reichsbuergergesetz eingetretene Verfall steht werden, wenn ihre Anmeldung nach den geltenden direction into manual occupations turned out to dem nach hoechstrichterlicher Rechtsprechung Rueckerstattungsgesetzen verabsaeumt war, auf­ be unrealistic " (p. 137). nicht entgegen, da diese Vorschriften als grob grund des erwarteten Bundesrueckerstattungsge­ Jewish Education in Nazi Germany unsittlich von vomherein jeder Rechtswirksamkeit setzes geltend gemacht werden koennen, da entbehrfen. letzteres neue Fristen fuer die Aimieldung vorsehen It is difficult to overestimate the handicaps under wird. which the educational work had to be carried out. 2. Waren die Wertpapiere beschlagnahmt und It had been rudimentary before 1933. The atti­ tude of the Nazi authorities towards it was erratic, " A Jewish Theatre under the Swastika "' Herbert for the rejuvenation of Judaism in the big cities." inconsistent, and, therefore, could never be antici­ Freeden (formerly Friedenthal) gives a fascinating (p. 254). He bases his case on an appraisal of pated. Teachers had to be trained for their new description of this aspect of cultural work and the work of prominent Orthodox theologians and tasks, parents were inclined to leave their children of its achievements despite the many hazards and on a stimulating inquiry into the sociology of in the German schools until they were thrown out frustrations to which it was subjected throughout Orthodoxy in Germany. Altmann, the theologian, or life at school had become unbearable. And the whole period. TTie renaissance of the Jewish and Liebeschuetz, the historian, are each within the children's self-confidence had to be rebuilt press and its gradual decline is the theme of Mrs. his sphere, concemed with Jewish thought and its •when they eventually entered a Jewish school. M. T. Edelheim-Muehsam's essay. German background. They give us a clearer While it was thought possible and desirable to A collection of selected essays such as appears insight into the work of the great thinkers and include in the curriculum the best that German in the Year Book cannot be exjKcted to provide teachers of the period, of men like Hermann cultural heritage had to offer, stress had to be laid a fully balanced picture of the period under con­ Cohen, Graetz, Leo Baeck, Buber, Rosenzweig. on specific Jewish values, on Jewish history, reh­ sideration. One feels, perhaps, more credit and Ernst Cassirer, by showing the debt they owe to gious traditions, cultural achievements, and the space could have been given, for instance, to the manifold non-Jewish, mainly German, influences. Zionist solution of the Jewish problem. On the organisation of social welfare, of vocational train­ K^int. Heijel, Schleiermacher, Harnack, Ranke, whole it seems that the Reichsvertretung which ing, and to the youth movement. But even so the Dilihey. Max Weber are among those who have was responsible for the organisation of the school Year Book brings into relief the fact that in those made a significant impact on various schools of work, and the devoted teachers who carried it out. fateful years the affairs of the Jewish community Jewish thought. It would have been interesting were successful in restoring in our youth their were conducted in a way which was efficient and to have a complementary essay underlining the badly shattered confidence in their parents, in the orderly as well as courageous, inspired and wise. cross-fertilisation of ideas and analysing the influ­ Jewish community, and in themselves. The climate which it produced gave many of us ence of German-Jewish thought on the non-Jewish Adult education was confronted with similar the moral strength to survive and the hope for a world. problems. Its intellectual and spiritual aspects better future, although it was not conducive to Rediscovery of Jewish Bonds are discussed in Simon's and Glatzer's essays the emergence of an underground resistance move­ referred to above. This educational work owes ment. This, however, may not be a reason for Reading the Year Book one almost forgets the much of its inspiration to Martin Buber. " Instead regret. Emigration provided an outlet for our fact that the majority of German Jews had main­ of trying to replace the assimilation of Jewish active youth and opportunities of fighting in the tained very loose links—.if any—with Judaism, and individuals, which had now become impossible, open the evil powers of Nazism. its rediscovery by many assimilated and converted by the assimilation of the Jewish community as a It is not j)ossible within the framework of this Jews mav have been ephemeral. A reminder of whole, he went behind and beyond both these article to do justice to the four essays published this pre-Hitler tendency is Felix Weltsch's essay. positions and built the structure of Jewish educa­ under the heading " Jewish Thought and its Its aim is " to show how Jewish consciousness tion on the irrevocable basis of the eternal people Reorientation." In his essay "Popular Ortho­ revived in a certain Jew, gradually, spontaneously, of God." (E. Simon, p. 70.) doxy," Yeshayhu Wolfsberg concludes: " In its as though flowing from some underground source. origin, continuity, naivete, fervour, and simplicity This took place in a city in the heart of Europe The Jewish " Kulturbund " and the Jewish press at a place where German literature and art were were two other powerful forces which maintained it was not only a refreshing and quickening or built up the morale of German Jewry. In phenomenon but a reservoir of fresh life-blood Continued on page 4 AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Page 3 LONDON VISIT OF SENATOR LIPSCHITZ ANGLO-JUDAICA Public Meeting on January 29 Anti-Shecfaita Bill Rejected A motion by R. F. Crouch (Conservative) to As readers will have seen from the announce­ in London for about two weeks for personal introduce a Bill which would prohibit slaughter ment on thc front page. Senator Lipschitz interviews. Thus, in cases of urgency, appli­ according to the Jewish ritual was rejected by the (Berlin) will speak on " Die Deutsche Wieder­ cants whose claims are pending in Berlin and House of Commons. In his opening remarks Mr. gutmachung " at a public meeting to be held who for financial reasons or for reasons of Crouch stressed that he was not guided by any at Friends House. Euston Road, London, health are not a position to call on the antisemitic motives. N.W.1, on Tuesday, January 29, at 8 p.m. All Berlin " Entschaedigungsamt " will be given sm Opposing the Bill, Sir Henry d'Avigdor Gold­ opportunity of discussing their claims. The smid (Conservative) described the Jewish method our friends, we are sure, will welcome the of slaughter as one of the most humane methods opportunity of listening to this prominent interviews will be helc! at the Consular Depart­ in the world. This view, he said, had been champion of their rights. As Senator Lip­ ment of the German Embassy after previous reaffirmed by the opinion of 450 eminent men, all schitz, who is a half-Jew and had to live appointment. Requests for interviews (which of them non-Jews, Four M.P.s, Sir Henry reported, underground during the last period of the war, should also state the applicant's telephone num­ had visited ^a slaughter-house prior to the debate IS himself a victim of Nazi persecution, he can ber) should be submitted in writing to the Con­ and had come to the conclusion that the Jewish assess from his own experience the wounds sular Department of the German Embassy, method was in no way cruel. None of these M.P.s inflicted on members of our community. 21-23 Belgrave Square, London, S.W.I, not was Jewish. Immediately after the collapse of the Nazi later than January 20. Sir Henry also mentioned the distressing effect regime he embarked on a political career which the prohibition would have on Jewish citizens all over the country. " To the Jewish people, where- has been marked by a passionate fight against NOVEMBER POGROMS REMEMBERED ever they were in the world, Great Britain has any symptoms of neo-Nazism and by a strong always stood out as a guardian of civil liberty and sense of justice. In 1955, when he was only 37 In memory of the pogroms of November 1938 the " Nord-und Westdeutscher Rundfunk " broad­ a champion of religious tolerance." years old, he was appointed Senator of the cast a programme under the title " Die Kristall­ The House divided along non-party lines and Interior of Berlin. In this capacity he is also nacht." The feature is to be repeated because the refused leave for the introduction of the Bill by in control of the work of the Berlin " Ent­ reception was disturbed. According to the " West­ 178 votes against 132. schaedigungsamt." For the benefit of the deutscher Rundfunk," the Federal Post was persecutees he has made full use of the responsible for this disturbance. Support for Israel authority entrusted with him. He has tried In West Berlin the Lord Mayor, Suhr, was to remove any obstacles whenever he felt that present at the Memorial Meeting. Among the The controversy over the Jewish Labour M.P.s' speakers were the President of the Abgeordneten­ vote having died down, the community devoted its formalistic interpretations of the law or haus, Brandt, and the chairman of the Berlin administrative difficulties threatened to impair undivided attention to the duty of giving the utmost C.D.U., Federal Postmaster-General Lemmer. support to the State of Israel. The J.P.A. Campaign or to slow down indemnification proceedings, In East Berlin, the Committee of the anti-fascist for 1957, brought forward three months on account 'n his address Senator Lipschitz, who is also resistance fighters and the Jewish community also of the emergency, has already realised more than known as a forceful speaker, will deal both organised a Memorial Meeting. Prediger Riesen­ half its target of £2,500,000. Widespread canvas­ with the general problems of indemnification burger of East Berlin revealed that in the Muen­ sing, designed to increase substantially the number and with the work of the Berlin " Entschaedi­ chener Str. Synagogue the walls had been smeared of last year's 13,000 contributors, was aided by the gungsamt." with swastikas and anti-Semitic slogans. presence in Britain of General Yadin, one of Israel's commanders in the 1948 war. The Youth The sponsors of the function feel that it ARGUMENT ABOUT ANTI-SEMITISM Aliyah Aid Society raised £20,000 in 1956, the would not serve a useful purpose if at a public average amount collected in the nine years of its "Meeting of this nature questions are raised In the summer, the West Berlin students' existence. periodical " Colloquium" pubhshed an article A tribute to the " immense contribution " which after the address. They have, therefore, which was critical of the fighters against re-nazifi­ arranged that two leading officials of the the Chief Rabbi was making to the interpretation cation. Now " Colloquium" has published a of Israel to Britain, and vice versa, was paid, at Berlin "Entschaedigungsamt," Regierungsdirek­ number of cases which show that, as opposed to one of several meetings of the Anglo-Israel tor Muelder and Oberregierungsrat Fritz, who the first article's suggestions, Nazism is not dead Association, by Canon C. E. Raven, a member of will accompany Senator Lipschitz, will remain and that there is still anti-Semitism in Germany. the Executive of the Council of Christians and Jews (which had been in almost constant session POLITICS AND EDUCATION IN WESTERN since the Middle East trouble began). GERMANY The British heritage of toleration was stressed, at a Tercentenary meeting in Leeds University, by An inquiry shows that the history of National Socialism and, in particular, the horrors perpetrated the Archbishop of York, Dr. A. M. Ramsey. by the Nazi regime are all but unknown to young At the same time, a warning was given by Mr. people from 14 to 18 years of age. As the adults E. S. Montagu, Q.C., President of the United Aekermans fight shy of this subject, the same attitude prevails Synagogue, that should conditions in this country in schools. Professor Rudolf Degkwitz, a German worsen as a result of the conflict with Egypt, there anti-Nazi now living in America, has published a might be a tendency to blame the Jewish com­ Choeolates memorandum in which he calls this omission " one munity. of the darkest spots of post-war Germany." Making Legal History It seems that some German teachers of history OF have misgivings about this state of affairs, for the An outstanding ^yent in British legal history was " Berliner Landesverband der Geschichtslehrer the appointment of Miss Rose Heilbron, Q.C., as Deutschlands" has just held a seminar to dispel Recorder of Burnley, the first woman so dis­ 43, Kensington Church the fear of dealing with this problem in schools. tinguished. She succeeds Mr. Neville Laski, Q.C., Teachers have to contend with the difficulty that who is now Judge of the Crown Court of Liver­ Street, an exposure of Nazi crimes might create a conflict pool. Miss Heilbron, 42, who has been very active between some parents on the one hand and their in many Anglo-Jewish and Israeli causes, was also children and the school on the other. one of the first two women barristers to be have pleasure to announce the Thc overcoming of racial prejudices in schools appointed King's Counsel. Another Jew, Mr. was the subject of meetings of the " Hessische Rudolph Lyons, Q.C., was appointed Recorder of Lehrerfortbildungswerk" together with the Newcastle upon Tyne. "Gesellschaften fuer christlich-juedische Zusam­ openiijg of their menarbeit." University professors and grammar- The over 5,000 Jewish ex-soldiers assembled for school teachers gave lectures on " Problems of their annual parade which was inspected by Earl Modern Racial Science" and " Causes of thc Mountbatten, the First Sea Lord, received a mes­ Hostility against the Jews in Germany." The sage from the Queen expressing her " warm good Hampstead Branch lectures and the discussions pierced a dangerous wishes ... in the Tercentenary year of the Resettle­ silence which threatens to cover up an " undigested " ment of the Jews in this country." past. The Jews' Temporary Shelter was fully occupied AT A " Handwoerterbuch zur Deutschen Gesohichte " by 88 refugees, the majority from Hungary and a / was published by Professors Roessler and Franz. few Egyptians. Some contributions show a nationalistic or even The estimated financial deficit of the Board of National-Socialist tendency. Franz had been such Guardians in 1957 will be over £50,000. 9, GOLDHIRST TERRACE, an enthusiastic Nazi that no German University " I am not an antisemite." said Sir Oswald wanted him back on its staff. Mosley, when, at a public meeting of his Union PINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.G. " Volk Ohne Raum," the notorious nationalistic Movement, he spoke about " the Arab-Jewish war novel by Hans Grimm, was used in a West Berlin into which Britain is being dragged." Recalling his grammar school. The Berlin authorities again attitude in 1939, he added: "I will always be MAI. 2742 reminded their schools that they must not xise books against leading Britain into wars which are Jewish with Nazi ideologies. wars and not British wars." Page 4 AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 TWO EXHIBITIONS JEWISH NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS Figures which were published recently in the •JEWISH ARTISTS IN EiNGLAND 1656-1956" not proved and his religion was Christian. On the U.S.A. show that 27 Jews and 6 half-Jews have been other hand, the searching portrait of Rabbi awarded the No'oel Prize. 11.7 per cent of all Whitechapel Art Gallery Solomon Hirschel by Frederick Benjamin Bari in, winners. the son of the Reader of the Chatham Synagogue, Is there a Jewish art and what is the contribution No less than 14 of Ihem were forced lo emisrale is outstanding as a significant study in what may after 1933. of Anglo-Jewry to it ? These twin questions are rightly be called a Jewish spirit. posed by the rather unhomogeneous exhibition The majority—14—received the Nobel Prize for which was shown in the Whitechapel Art Gallery. The exhibition, which gives a broad survey of Medicine. They are followed by ten awards for past and present developments, is not hung in any Physics, five for Chemistry, two each for Literature Our answer to the first question is : yes. There recognisable and systematic manner ; this makes is a conformity of mood, a sensitiveness and intel­ and Peace. Twenty-two—exactly two-thirds of the its appreciation and enjoyment rather diflScult. But Jewish or half-Jewish Nobel Prize winners—were lectual approach, coupled with a groping towards the effort was worth making, since a great variety the expression of those internal sensations and of artists, " coming " and young ones, were to be born in German-speaking countries; two in emotions which are not surface values. All these seen ; among whom Inlander, Sutton, Rogers, and Russia : one each in France, Poland. Denmark. features distinguish the Jewish artist. He works in Ghisha Koenig should be mentioned. Outstanding Czechoslovakia. Luxembourg. Holland. Switzer­ all media, and employs no particular style. This is the painting " Tea at Lyons " by Alfred Daniels, land, Hungary, and in the U.S.A. No fewer than fact is equally apparent in the pictures and sculp­ not only because of its bright colouring, but also 12 are, or were until their deaths, domiciled in ihe tures displayed. Jewish artists attempt the baroque, in view of the subtle realism and clarity of its U.S.A. as seen in Aaron de Chaves, although these efforts design. It would be impossible to enumerate here Here is a lisl of their names: are often more humorous than pathetic. For the works of the better known and established example, even in Venice, where the Jews have used artists, however the names of Bornfriend, Lucien Tobias Michael Carel Asser (1838-1913), Prize the fashionable baroque medium in their syna­ Freud, and Eric Kahn should at least be mentioned. for Peace 1911. Holland. gogues, the results are astonishingly restrained. Among the sculptors Sir Jacob Epstein is, as usual, Adolph Joh. Friedr. Wilh. v. Baeyer (1835-1917). Therefore, although all styles are used, the Jews outstanding. do not excel equally in all. The period of Chemislrv 1905, Germany (half-Jew). enlighterunent, with its emphasis on rationality and All in all, the exhibition illustrated the significant Robert Barany (1876-1936). Medicine 1914. classicism was particularly congenial to the Jewish contributions of England's " New Citizens " along .Austria. artist, and his response at that time was conditioned with those who have reached these shores at an Henri Bergson (1859-1941). Literature 1927. as much temperamentally as politically. It is in earlier period. France. this tradition that the classicism of Simeon Solo­ HELEN ROSENAU. Felix Bloch (1905). Phvsics 1952. Switzerland. mons has to be seen. That Zoffany's work graces U.S.A. many Jewish art exhibitions, including the one CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS Niels Henrik David Bohr (1885). Physics 1922. under review, is at least of doubtful value, if not Zion House Denmark (half-Jew). positively misleading. There is nothing Jewish in Max Born (1882), Physics 1954, Germany. his conversation pieces, his Jewish extraction is It was one of the main objects of the exhibition Ernst Boris Chain (1906), Medicine 1945. at Zion House, Hampstead (which closed on Germany. England, Italy. December 23). to afford hving Jewish artists an Continued from page 2 Gerti Theresa Corti (nee Radnitzer). Medicine opportunity of showing their work so that lovers 1947. Czechoslovakia. thriving and where the most intensive assimilation of art could view and also buy it. By special arrangement, payment could be made on the Paul Ehrlich (I854-I9I5). Medicine 1908. of the Jews to German culture was the order of Germany. the day " (p. 255). The time is the first quarter easiest possible terms. of the century, the city is Prague, and the " certain From the many hundreds of works submitted Albert Lirstein (1878-1955). Physics 1921. Jew" is Franz Kafka. a most discriminating jury had chosen about 120 Germanv, U.S.A. In a letter to a non-Jewish friend Kafka wrote: pieces of painting and sculpture. Whilst they did Joseph Erlanger (1874). Medicine 1944. U.S.A. " We both know, after all, enough typical not discover any new genius, they selected most James Franck (1882). Phvsics 1925. Germanv. examples of Western Jews. I am, as far as 1 pleasing and talented work by established artists U.S.A. know, the most typical Western Jew amongst and several experiments by coming artists. Alfred Hermann Fried (1864-1911). Peace 1911. them. This means, expressed with exaggeration, It would be useless and unfair in this short .Austria. that not one calm second is granted me, nothing notice to single out names for special praise or Fritz Haber (1868-1934). Chemistry 1918. is granted me, everything has to be earned, not blame. Let it suffice to mention some artists who, Germany, Switzerland. only the present and the future, but the past too after their flight from Germany, have already Gustav Hertz (1887). Physics 1925. German;. —something after all which perhaps every human made a name for themselves in this country, or (half-Jew). being has inherited, this too must be earned, it i are about to do so now: Frank Auerbach, Benno Gyoergy Hevesy de Heves (1885). Chemistry perhaps the hardest work " (p. 273). One wonders Elkan, Hans Feibusch. Else Meidner. Erna 1943, Hungary, Sweden. whether Kafka was indeed the most typical Nonnenmacher. Adele Reifenberg (and her late Paul Heyse (1830-1914). Literature !910, Westem Jew and how many Western Jews have husband, Julius Rosenbaum). and Fred Uhlman. Germany (half-Jew). earned or are earning their Jewish past. Weltsch A.R. Hans Adolf Krebs (1900). Medicine 1953, describes the growing hold of Jewish national Ideas Germany, England. on Kafka's life and writings. It makes fascinating reading for the Kafka enthusiast. LIBERAL JUDAISM IN HOLLAND Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943). Medicine 1930. .Austria, U.S.A. TTiere has been full agreement between Jews The Liberal Jewish Congregation in Amsterdam whose leaders and roughly 800 members are for Fritz Albert Lippmann (1899). Medicine 19.53. and antisemites about the prominent role which Germany. U.S.A. German Jews played in trade and industry. The the most part refugees from Germany, recentlv nature and magnitude of their specific contribution celebrated its 25th anniversary. Its President now Jonas Ferdinand Gabriel Lippmann (1845-1921). is, however, very difficult to assess. The under­ is Dr. L. Klopfer; shortly after the war it was Mr. Physics 1908, Luxembourg, France. lying principles and the main trends are lucidly O. H. Frank, the father of Anne. Its Minister Otto Loewi (1873), Medicine 1936, Germany, discussed by Weinryb and Rosenbaum. before the war. Dr. Ludwig Mehler, was murdered U.S.A. by the Germans. After the cause of Liberal Eli Mechnikow (1845-1916). Medicine 1908. Interesting Records Judaism had been revived by Rabbis Ruelf and Geiss (now at Karlsruhe), the Congregation today Russia, France (half-Jew). The historically minded reader will appreciate has a young Dutch Minister, Rabbi J. Soetendorp. Fritz Otto Meyerhof (1884), Medicine 1922, the four studies of Jewish records in the section At the jubilee service, the World Union for Pro­ Germany. U.S.A. " Documents of the Past." .hey provide interest­ gressive Judaism was represented by Rabbi C. E. Albert Abraham Michelson (1852-1931). Physics ing documentation for the three important essays Cassell, Minister of the West London Synagogue. 1907. Germany. U.S.A. in the first section which deal with the historical Isidor Isaac Rabi (1898). Physics 1944, Austria. setting of the last period of German Jewish MAX REINHARDT'S GRAVE Hungary, U.S.A. symbiosis. Tadeus Reichstein (1897). Medicine 1950. Pola.nd. Wemer Rosenstock's concluding essay " A Sur­ Salzburg officials have asked for permission to Switzerland. vey of Jewish Emigration from Germany " leads reinter the remains of Max Reinhardt in a specially Otto Stern (1888). Physics 1943, Germany. U.S.A, us into the field of statistical analysis. Lack of prepared mausoleum in their city which he had Selman A. Waksman (1888), Medicine 1952. reliable statistical information accounts for the made world-famous (says the Jewish Chronicle Russia, U.S A. frequent resort to estimates, which may involve Vienna Correspondent). Reinhardt lies buried in a Otto Wallach (1847-1931). Chemistry 1910. a considerable margin of error. But they are well cemetery about 25 miles from New York. The Germanv. argued and all available sources are considered. U.S. authorities are prepared to grant the appli­ Otto Hcinrich Warburg (1883), Medicine 1931. Rosenstock comes to the conclusion that the cation if no objections are raised by the family. Germany' (half-Jew). Recent visitors fo New York found Reinhardt's Richard Willstaetter (1872-1942), Chemistry number of Jewish migrants and their children from grave in a dilapidated condition. Germany and other Central European countries 1915, Germany. Switzerland. amounted in 1954 to about 450.000, an estimate which may be rather on the high side. The list of the receiving countries is headed by the U.S.A.. OLD MASTERS followed by Israel and, at some distance, by Great fli*» Britain (50.000-55,000 persons) and Argentina. With iu first publication the Leo Baeck Institute has done a great service to the Jews from Daily 10-5 p.m. ALFRED BROD GALLERY Germany. It is to be hoped that the Year Book Sats. lO-l p.m. }6 Sackville Street, London, W. T . w:ll receive rhe hearty welcome it deserves. AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Page 5 LONDON "ANNE FRANK" PERFORiVTANCE Old Acquaintances Before I went to "" The Diary of Anne Frank '" without being inspired. Perlita Neilson as Anne Home Meivs:—Mischa Spolianski will score the at the Phoenix Theatre I was afraid that the is a believable " teenager," pathetic and sometimes music for Otto Preminger's " St, Joan," starring experience would be almost too harassing to bear. charming : she arouses sympathy and pity, but Sir John Gielgud, Anton Walbrook, Richard I was, indeed, moved. How could this story of does not convey the suggestion of greatness. Widmark, and Richard Todd.—Louis Hagen Jewish refugees—hiding, hoping, despairing, and George Voskovec, rather badly served by conven­ translated " The Schellenberg Memoirs" for finally destroyed by the Nazis' senseless lust for tional dialogue, acts wilh restraint and dignity. Andre Deutsch.—Dr. Hans Scherer, former murder—fail to move ? Yet I did not feel, nor, ,\mong the supporting cast, 1 was particularly London correspondent of Hamburg's Well, as far as I could see, did the audience around me, impressed by Miriam Karlin and Max Bacon, who became Second Press Attach^ to the German Quite that profound disturbance of the soul which portrayed two not very pleasant characters with Embassy here.—Peter de Mendelssohn translated I had expected and which performances of the genuine humour and just the right touch of pathos. Giono's "' Dominici Affair" into English for play in Germany seem to have accomplished. But 1 hough, as a piece of dramatic art, the play may Museum Press.—Joe Lederer, whose second novel, then, this story has a very special significance for have its limitations, its importance must not be "• Unruhe des Herzens," was published by Desch all decent Germans. minimised, and thc reaction to the performances in Munich, returned to London.—-Hans Casparius In one of the last entries in the diary Anne in Germany has to be regarded as a reassuring showed som4 of the short films he produced, the Frank wrote: "' But one thing he [her father] has symptom. best being "Simon," a fictional study in child Ignored ; he failed to see that my struggle to rise LEO KAHN. psychology, directed and scripted by Peter Zadek. to the surface was much more important to mc EFFECT OF PLAY ON GERMAN PUBLIC than anything else." These words, I believe, ISeivs about Returnees:—Sybil Rares, who only contain the very essence of the diary. It is a The Bonn correspondent of the Manchester lately returned with her husband, Hugo Schuster, sad, harsh, and often ruthless tale, every word of Guardian calls the reaction of the German public from London to Germany, will star in " Under which bears the stamp of uncompromising truth to the '" Anne Frank" performance " a mile­ Milkwood" in Berlin's " Schiller-Theater,"— and proclaims that the child who wrote it promised stone in German history." " For the past ten Erwin Kaiser performed very successfully in to develop into an outstanding personality, well years," he writes, " it has been ill-mannered or •• Nathan " in Berlin.—Gisella Fischer, the 25-year- worth the struggle which she describes. It is this unwise to mention to any German what effect his old daughter of publisher Bermann-Fischer, that makes the diary a great human document. countrymen had on Europe and in what virulently returned only five years ago from the States, where We can hardly blame the authors of the stage evil ways they impinged on the lives of ordinary she was educated, and acted in Piscator's adapta­ version if some of this quality is lost in the process human beings and turned them into nightmare. . . . tion of " All the King's Men" in Frankfurt, of adaptation. They have made no pretentious German women have come away from the play together with another returnee, Willy Trenk- attempt to improve on the original, but have weeping and have told their friends to wear black Trebitsch.—Viennese Martin Berliner scored a translated it as faithfully as possible into terms of when they in turn see it. . . . Thousands are success in Bedin's "Hebbel-Theater," when he visual action. In doing so they were compelled to learning for the first time what it really meant to acted in "• Dreizehn bei Tisch."—Albert Lieven, conform to the conventions of the theatre. be persecuted." who lived in England during the Hitler years, acted Entrances and exits, comic relief, the merging of In October the play was performed—apart from in " The First Mrs. Selby" on tour in West several rooms into one scenery: all these things Vienna and Zurich—in Berlin, Diisscldorf, Ham­ Germany.—Ivan George Heilbut became dramatic are quite skilfully contrived. Inevitably, however, burg, Karlsruhe. Konstanz. Aachen, and Dresden. critic of Berlin's daily Kurier.—Two books any kind of noticeable contrivance detracts from Shortly afterwards the " Muenchener Kammer­ have been published by authors again living tile sense and impact of reality. Only a great, spiele " followed by staging this play, and other permanently in Germany: Hans Habe's new novel creative work of art, which this play does not towns are reported to be preparing for its " Im Namen des Teufels." and Curt Riess' " Das profess to be, could have done full justice to thc production. gab's nur einmal" ; the first is the life story of theme. A great number of theatres have commented on a professional spy, the second the well-illustrated Something similar is true of the production and the outcome of their venture. The " Schlosspark- history of our best film memories.—Fritz Kortner acting. They are sincere and very competent, Theater " in Berlin-Steglitz says that, so far, all produced " Faust " in Munich.—Manfred Fuerst, performances have been sold out. The " Thalia who returned for good from Hollywood, acts as Theater" in Hamburg wrote that the local an artistes' agent in Berlin. EPILOGUE TO HEINE YEAR " Kulturring der Jugend" originally wanted to arrange ten Special shows for its members, but that Obituaries:—Oily May, wife of the composer A German Anthology it has now asked for at least twenty-five. The Hans May, and Mrs. Josef Somlo, wife of the •• Staedtische Theater," Mainz, was congratulated well-known film producer, died in London.— The publications issued in Germany during the on its enterprise and courage by the Protestant Ludwig Charell, brother of Berlin's former Heine Year include a stimulating anthology edited students' chaplain. The Theatre in Konstanz will " Revuekoenig" Eric, died in New York at the j!nder the title "' Ewiger Zeitgenosse Heine," by probably keep the play on its programme until the age of 65 ; he had one of the largest collections {Jr. Hans Lamm (Michael Triltsch Verlag. end of the season. In Aachen the audience of Toulouse-Lautrec's works.—Armin Berg, who Dusseldorf, bound copy DM.3.85). The author. remains silent for minutes before the applause started with Eisenbach and became the Jewish Otto *ho h in charge of the Cultural Department of starts. In DUsseldorf the interest of the public is Reutter. died in Vienna at the age of 72.—^Emil the " Zentralrat" of the Jews in Germany, has unusually great. Rabold, editor of Berlin's " Welt am Sonntag," succeeded in compiling extracts from Heine's The most recent first night took place in Gelsen­ died in London. Works which, even now, after 100 years have kirchen. Passed, reaffirm the topicality of the poet's I Mews from Everyivhere:—Hans Wallenberg, thoughts. Germany's struggle for political Queen Juliana Visits Dutch Premiere I the last editor of the U.S.A.-sponsored German maturity, religious and philosophical problems, and ' daily Neue Zeitung, was awarded the German last but not least, the Jewish question stand in the In the presence of Queen Juliana and Prince "Verdienstkreuz" First Class.—Robert Neumann. foreground of the manifold quotations. Due to Bernhard the premiere of *' The Diary of Anne : now living in Ascona, will publish his auto- the happy selection, every reader will find some­ Frank " took place in Amsterdam. j biography, " Die Pesthaus-Chronik," for his thing of interest; he may refresh his memory by ; 60th birthday next spring.—Siegfried Arno re-reading some pieces already known to him and NAZI AUTHORS WRITE AGAIN • retumed from Hollywood to play " Wonderful tic will discover some prose with which he had Among prominent authors under the Nazi i Town" in Vienna.—Dolly Haas joined the pot been acquainted before. The 117-page book regime, the following ones are again publishing ; "Threepenny Opera" at the "de Lys " in New IS to be welcomed as a most valuable contribution articles in pro-Nazi periodicals: Erwin Kolben­ i York.—In Vienna. Johanna Terwin-Moissi to the Heine literature. heyer ; the race theoretician Guenther ; the assist­ '. appeared for the last time on any stage as the ant " Reichspressechef " Suendermann : Wilhelm ; Star of " Ihr 106. Geburtstag."—In Berlin. Leon- Pleyer ; WiU Vesper and Otto Brehm. I hard Steckel produced " Boys Meet Girls."^— Odyssey of a Monument I Jarmila Novotna returned from the States to sing APPOINTMENT OF EX-NAZI Many will remember that the Austrian Empress " Madame Pompadour " in Vienna.—Walter Rilla tlisabeth had ordered a monument of Heinrich Professor Ernst Buchner was appointed Director- visited Munich from London, to read extracts there Meine from the Danish sculptor Louis Hasselriis. General of the State Museums in Bavaria and • from his new novel.—Grete Mosheim and Elisa- 't was erected in the garden of her house on the " Honorarprofessor" of Munich University. : beth Bergner are on tour in Germany with the «land of Corfu. When Wilhelm II took over Buchner was an exponent of Hitler's art ideology [ same O'Neill plav. " Eines langen Tages Reise in oe had it removed. It was bought by Heine's and on two occasions took part in the Nazi thefts j die Nacht." old publishing firm. Campe. in Hamburg and of famous paintings. There was a storm in the Siven to the Hanseatic city. There it was placed Bavarian Diet against his appointment which, St. Bernard in Reveree:—Nearly every actor 'n a business district of the inner city, but in 1927 however, was not rescinded. who had to leave Germany used to say he was the Mayor of neighbouring Altona, Max Brauer. I once a member of Max Reinhardt's ensemble, h2d it removed to a park in his own town to GERMAN JOURNALISTS FOR ISRAEL ' because that name was the only famiHar one in protect it from antisemitic rowdies. The monu- i the countries of exile. And all journalists pre- A group of German journalists has been invited ! tended to have been on the staff of the Berliner hjcnt escaped destruction by the Nazis by being to Israel to obtain a first-hand idea of the problems offered to the French town of Toulon. Now the Tagehlati or B.Z. am Miltag because these of that country and the events which led to the napers were often quoted abroad. It was the old Hamburg Senator of Culture, Dr. Biermann- recent fighting in the Sinai Peninsula. Katjen, attended the unveiling of the monument St. Bernard story. Now that many actors and "1 this port of Southern France. THE "ILLUSTRIERTE" AND ISRAEL writers have returned to Germany, some Germans are asking: " Is iPark Lane really .the longest The popular West-German illustrated magazine street in London ? " And if you ask why. they Memorial Plaque in Munich Die Illustrierte on November 17, 1956, stated: say: " Because every returnee seems to have lived " Israel, Great Britain, and France suddenly inter­ there, if vou believe them. . . ." . A plaque was unveiled at No. 7 Hackenstrasse, vened in Egypt. Since Nuremberg, preventive wars 'n Munich, where Heine lived from 1827 to 1828. are punishable by the gallows." PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION January. 1957 Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) RETIREMENT OF RABBI DR. SALZBERGER THE FRUITS OF VICTORY After 17 years of service. Rabbi Dr. Georg Salzberger has retired as Rabbi of the New Liberal The time has come to take stock—where do we has immeasurably grown. Moreover, the economic stress under which Europe is suffering as a result Jewish Congregation. He will be succeeded by stand after the Sinai campaign? Has it helped Rabbi J. J. Kokotek, formerly of the Liberal Jewish or harmed Israel? Has our position improved or of the blocking of the Suez Canal, has increased worsened? Or are we just back to where we were Nasser's bargaining power: he has shown that he Synagogue. before? can upset the economic balance of a large part of Before Dr. Salzberger came to this country in The aim of the campaign was, strategically, to the world unless they bow to his will. 1939 he had been a rabbi of the Frankfurt Jewish break Egypt's aggression and, politically, to ensure This economic crisis may also prove a strain on Community for 30 years. His own religious out­ peace. As it appears now, the first objective has Israel's external relations. France, which in the look, on which his work for the New Liberal Jewish been partially gained; the second goal has not been recent past has been closest to Israel, is heading Congregation has been based, was, as he stated, " a reached. According to intelligence reports, the for a difficult period, and it is doubtful whether moderate religious liberal tradition emanating from Egyptian attack against Israel was to be staged in Mollet will weather the storm. At the same time, Germany remaining aloof from an Orthodoxy which two phases: an immediate stepping up of Fedayeen the " man in the street," till now full of sympathy clings to every letter of the law and from a reform activities to bring murder and terror to the door­ for Israel, may change his mind once he is out of which in our view sacrifices the essential character steps of village and town; the Sinai Peninsula, work, as a result of the Middle East situation, or where 2,500 Fedayeen were readied for action, cannot use his car, because of the oil shortage, of a Jewish service." In its latest bulletin, the served as the centre for training and tactical pur­ or shivers in his apartment as the heating is tumed Congregation paid tribute to its retiring minister. poses. The second phase was an open all-out off. Similar trends may become apparent in The messages published in the magazine include attack, planned for the early spring. By then the England, although there public sentiments have one by Dr. W. Rosenstock, on behalf of the AJR, Egyptian forces were supposed to be familiar with always wavered in regard to Israel. Be this as it in which he describes Dr. Salzberger as one of the the new Russian equipment. In both phases the may, these factors may contribute to a retum of most shining examples of a German rabbi. unification of the Egyptian, Syrian, and Jordan High Israel's isolation. Possibly by then the relations Commands, effected at the end of October, played with the United States, now impaired by Israel's TTie AJR considers it a privilege that Dr. Salz­ an important part. action, will have gone back to the " pre-Sinai" berger has, as a Board Member, been associated climate. Even so, America may try to oust Russia with its efforts since its inception. Its honorary In the light of these preparations, which were from Egypt, not by guns and planes, but by brib­ officers join with Dr. Salzberger's many other known to Israel, the Government had no choice ing Nasser with huge investments such as the friends in thanking him for his signal services to but to frustrate those plans by one campaign financing of the Aswan Dam, although this policy the community of German Jews and in expressing designed to upset both intentions: the warfare by has not worked before. The deep division among the hope that, after being relieved from his day-to­ the Fedayeen and the all-out offensive. The the Westem Powers in their approach to Middle military campaign, brilliantly carried out, achieved day duties, he will remain the guide and friend of East problems makes the next step even less pre­ those with whom he worked. both objectives; the nests of the Fedayeen were dictable. The open presence of Russia both in destroyed, and the Egyptian preparations for an Egypt and Syria will shape this policy far beyond attack in the spring were thrown out of gear. the Arab^Israeli conflict, and this large issue wfll be Much controversy has been stirred up by the handled by the West, regardless whether it will "SOLIDARITY WITH ISRAEL" question of whether there was any collusion help or harm Israeli interests. between the Israelis, planning their Sinai campaign, A Statement by Gennan Christians and the British-French Governments, in regard to Gaza Strip Problems their intervention in the Suez area. The avowed The latest edition of the " Freiburger Rund- aim of the Allied intervention was two-fold: to We have listed as Israel's objectives for the brief," a publication under Roman Catholic separate the Egyptian-Israeli armies, and to ensure Sinai campaign the foiling of Egypt's aggressive editorship issued to sponsor " Freundschaft the working order of the Canal. In both these intent and the establishment of peace: Israel had zwischen dem Alten und dem Neuen Gottesvolk," objectives they failed. A cordon sanitaire from no territorial ambitions in Sinai, and the with­ Port Said in the North to Suez in the South would includes a manifesto expressing the solidarity with drawal of her forces from the Peninsula would give Israel of Christians in Germany. " Throughout indeed have kept the two warring camps apart, no cause for regret if a sufficiently strong United alas, the Allied bridgehead in Port Said did not the Christian era," the manifesto states, " the Nations force were stationed there to prevent a Jewish people have been inseparably connected affect Israel's security situation in the South. repetition of the Fedayeen warfare and another Moreover, instead of safeguarding the smooth build-up of a base for large-scale attack. At the with Christendom. . . . The extermination of operation of the Canal, Allied forces could not time of writing, the future of the Gaza Strip has 6,000,0(K) Jews indicates one of the greatest prevent Egyptian sabotage on a gigantic scale, the not yet been decided upon. True, this landbelt is failures of Christianity. The Jews who now build disastrous effects of which are felt over half the Palestine territory and its final inclusion into up and defend the State of Israel are our globe. Israel would correct and straighten an uneasy brethren." The manifesto is signed not only by frontier. On the other hand, one should not forget prominent Roman Catholic leaders but also by Nasser " Innocent Victim " that this narrow strip—40 km. long and 8 km. Protestants, including Professor Dr. Franz Boehm. deep—is overcrowded with Arabs, residents and Rechtsanwalt Otto Kuester, Kreis-Dekan Dr. The abortive Allied intervention also harmed refugees, at least 300.000 of them. Many thorny Hermann Maass, and Professor Dr. Hellmuth Israel's long-term aims. True, by immobilising the problems would arise with their " return " to Israel. Gollwitzer. The 75-page publication also contains Egyptian Air Force, it speeded up Israeli opera­ There remains one last possible reward for an article by Professor Dr. Hugo Bergmann on the tions, reduced the cost in lives, and possibly also Israel's Sinai campaign: it has shown to the world problems of Reform Judaism and book reviews of influenced other Arab States against joining in the that the status quo is unworkable. Both President • Dieses Volk " by Dr. Leo Baeck, " Die Flucht in battle. Taking the long-term view, however, the Eisenhower and the British-French Governments den Hass " by Eva Reichmann, and " Theresien­ effects are detrimental. The great moral impact have declared that a permanent settlement must be of an Israeli victory over the Egyptian dictator stadt" by H. G. Adler. The editor. Dr. Gertrud found which would be more compatible with Luckner (Freiburg), reports that on the occasion has dissipated. In Arab eyes, the Sinai was Israel's security. It is hoped that such a settlement " evacuated" by Egyptian troops to meet the of her recent visit to Israel she was invited by will not be left entirely to the United Nations, various circles to speak on the present spiritual Allied threat in the Canal area and, so the Arab which, with the weight of the Soviet bloc and the version goes, were it not for the " stab in the back." Asian-African countries, could easily bar any position in Germany. She suggests that corre­ the Israelis would have been routed. Posing in development which would safeguard Israel's spondence between German and Israeli scholars his r61e as an " innocent victim " of colonialism, stability and viability. on subjects of mutual importance should be Nasser's position, far from being weakened let organised. The " Rundbrief " also pays tribute to alone wrecked, has been strengthened, both within the memory of Dr. Benno Ostertag and Dr. Herbert Egypt and in the Arab world. The events in Sinai GERMAN-ISRAEL AGREEMENT NOT Schoenfeldt. are forgotten or distorted, and Nasser is being credited with having stopped the Allied intervention AFFECTED BY RECENT EVENTS by a great political success in the United Nations, In the name of the Federal German Govemment, helped by Russia and the United States, not to Press Chief Felix von Eckardt gave the assurance DR. SIEGFRIED MOSFJS REAPPOINTED speak of the Asian-African bloc led by India. that recent political events would not affect the STATE COMPTROLLER One of the two Israeli objectives was, as stated reparations agreement between Germany and Israel, especially as the agreed schedule of repara­ The President of the State of Israel has re­ before, the destruction of Egypt's aggressive power. appointed Dr. Siegfried Moses as State Comp­ Nasser, its spirit and personification, has tion goods in any case bars shipment of military supplies. troller for another five-year period. Dr. Moses, emerged unshaken from the crisis. As for the who has served as Comptroller since 1951, is a material loss. Russia has offered to replace the Vice-President of the Council of Jews from captured and destroyed equipment without regard ISRAELI TRADE UNION MEMBERS to payment. Last, but not least, the United High Germany. Command of Egypt. Syria, and Jordan is still in VISIT GERMANY working order, with Jordan now having broken A delegation of three senior executives of OLLENHAUER'S ISRAEL VISIT POSTPONED openly with the West, and Soviet material pouring " Histadruth," the Israeli Trade Union, paid a into Syria. In other words: Egypt's timetable has visit to Germany for the purpose of creating better As reported in the previous issue, the Chairman been upset, but her aggressive power remains a understanding in German socialist and trade union of the German Social Democratic Party, Erich menace. circles for the position and actions of Israel. At Ollenhauer, intended paying a visit to Israel on Israel's second goal—peace—has not been a press conference held in Bonn the delegates the occasion of his tour through Asia. It is now achieved either. Nasser has been saved from stated that they had encountered much sympathy learned that he cut his Asian tour short. He defeat by the United Nations and his hatred against among the leadership of the German trade union hopes that he will be able to visit Israel early Israel, now labelled as a puppet of colonialism. movement and the Social Democratic Party. this year, probably in March. AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Page 7 NEWS FROM GERMANY DR. LEO LOEWENSTEIN GESTORBEN .Mitte November. 1956, ist Dr. Leo Lowenstein, AGAINST THE SS DEATH DECLARATION FOR HITLER der friihere Vorsitzende des " Reichsbundes jiidischer Frontsoldaten." in Israel, 77 Jahre alt, The yearly Congress of the " Bund der Deutschen On October 25, 1956, the Berchtesgaden Law einem Herzanfall eriegen. Katholischen Jugend " urged that former members Court issued a Death Declaration for Hitler, giving In Aachen geboren, wandte er sich dem of the Waffen-SS. from the rank of colonel the time of his death as April 30, 1945, at Studium der Chemie und Physik zu. Seine onwards, must not be allowed to join the new 1530 hours. A statement by the Bavarian Ministry hervorragenden Leistungen fanden die Anerken­ German Army. For the time being all other former of Justice describes the findings of the Court in nung seiner Berufsgenossen. selbst in der Nazi- members of the Waffen-SS are not acceptable detail. Apart from the circumstances already Zeit wurde ihm als " wirtschaftlich wertvoUem" either. The same applies to former members of known to the public, the investigations have Juden die Auswanderung verweigert und dafiir das the general SS and the SD (Security Service). resulted in several new findings. Inter alia, it is K.Z. Theresienstadt zu teil. Im ersten Weltkriege Applicants who can, however, prove that they had reported that the poison to be used by the erfand er fur das artilleristische Schiessen das been forced into the Waffen-SS, should be entourage and originally also by Hitler himself Schallmessverfahren. Der Lohn war seine examined in accordance with the usual regulations had been provided by Himmler. However, Beforderung zum Hauptmann der Reserve und das for entry into the armed forces. Hitler did not trust Himmler and suspected that E.K.L the Gestapo Chief wanted him to be imprisoned Der Inhalt seiner Lebensarbeit aber war sein INFORMATION SERVICE OF alive by the enemy. Therefore, to test the Dienst am deutschen Judentum. Er gehorte zu "GRUENWALDER KREIS" effectiveness of the poison. Hitler had it first jener Generation um Eugen Fuchs. der die Ver­ The " Gruenwalder Kreis " is an organisation of dispensed on his favourite dog " Blondi." bindung deutschen und judischem Wesens Herzens- West-German writers, publicists, and journalists Some witnesses heard by the Berchtesgaden aufgabe war. Als nach dem Ersten Weltkriege .who fight any radicalism of the Left and the Right, Court expressed the view that, Jike his entourage. den deutschen Juden die Erfiillung ihrer Wehr- the " Club republikanischer Publizisten," a section Hitler had also taken poison and that only after­ pflicht abgestritten wurde, grilndete er den of the organisation, has published the first number wards had he been shot by one of his followers, " Reichsbund judischer Frontsoldaten."' der mit of its " CrP-Informationsdienst." It not only in order to give posterity the impression that he seinem mehr als 30,000 Mitgliedern der starkste contains news about anti-democratic tendencies in had died " as a soldier." However, this version is Gegenbeweis war. Am 17, November 1932 Germany but also gives practical suggestions as to considered as unlikely. Two assistants of Hitler's wurde in einer Feier im buch Reichswirtschaftsrat how readers can take an active part in the formation dentist, who had returned from Soviet Russia only in Berlin das Gefallenen-Gedenk der Oeffent­ of democratic public opinion. in 1955 and 1953 respectively, identified Hitler's lichkeit iibergeben. Those who want to subcribe should write to : dentures, which had been preserved by the Damit war der Hohepunkt der Politik Dr. Club Repubhkanischer Publizisten, Munchen 22, Russians. The Law Court considers the rumours Lowenstein's erreicht. Noch konnte er durch den Thierschstr. 17. that, with or without his Deputy, Bormann. Hitler sog. Frontkiimpfer-Paragraphen eine Gnadenfrist had left Berlin and was still afive abroad entirely fiir seine Kameraden erwirken. Dann kam das JEWS IN WESTERN GERMANY unfounded. Ende. Dr. Lowenstein hat alles getan. was in seinen Kraften stand. Ungezahlten judischen There are 80 Jewish communities with about Menschen konnte er durch den Frontbund zur 20,000 members in the Federal Republic whilst ANTI-SEMITISM IN EASTERN GERMANY Auswanderung. zur Rettung verhelfen. another 10,000 Jews do not belong to any com­ munity, writes the " Esslinger Zeitung." One It is reported that Jewish cemeteries in Halle. Ende dieses Jahres wollte er in seine Geburts­ thousand Jewish children have been born since Goerlitz, and Saalfeld have been desecrated by stadt Aachen zuriickkehren. Der Oberbiirger­ 1945. According to the same paper, German Jews " unknowm " people. The Eastern German Police meister hatte ihm geschrieben. dass die Sladt do not play an important role in public life. The are said to have remained passive and to have Aachen sich seine Riickkehr zur Ehre anrechnen Bundestag has three Jewish members. refused an investigation. The "Ostspiegel," pub­ wiirde. Er hat die letzte Ruhestatt in Erez The " Neue Illustrierte " (Cologtie) pubUshed an lished in Western Germany by the S.P.D., writes Israel gefunden. article under the heading " Wie leben die Juden in that the police were apparently given orders from Dr. Lowenstein hat sein Judentum geliebt. er Deutschland ? " It contains pictures with the higher authorities. The paper assumes that an anti- hat seine deutsche Heimat geliebt. Er war ein caption "Kinder von Juden—Deutsche von Semitic campaign suits the present purposes of the Kampfer fiir sein Ideal, tapfer. unerschrocken und niorgen." The paper asks whether there is still aufrecht. Sein Name wird in der Geschichte des Kremlin. Certain politicians in Moscow and Pan­ deutschen Judentums. besonders in der tragischen ^ti-Semitism among the German youth and kow were not afraid of using accusations against answers in the negative. Endphase. nicht vergessen werden. the Jews in order to divert attention from their A. DIENEMANN own difficulties, claims the " Ostspiegel." LION FEUCHTWANGER TO VISIT (Oxford). GERMANY Lion Feuchtwanger, the famous novelist and the author of many books on Jewish life past and LETTERS TO THE EDITOR present, is preparing a visit to Germany. Feuchtwanger, now 72, had an adventurous fli.ght LEO BAECK MEMORIAL PUBLICATION Vtdley Drive, Loitdon, N.W.9. who will be pleased jn 1941 from France to the U.S.A. where he has FUND to supply any further information. Communica­ hved since. He recently sent the following message tions are in particular invited from Jewish educa­ to the Cultural Department of the " Zentralrat" Sir,~Tlie name of Leo Baeck will stand for tional, charitable, and scientific organisations. 9f the Jews in Germany : " Es wird mir, wenn ich ever as a symbol of that combination of saintli­ (Si;d.) {Dr.) E. J. COHN, Chairman; (Dr.) In Deutschland bin, eine besondere Freude sein, ness and scholarship, of Jewish learning and O. K. RABINOWICZ, Treasurer; vor juedischen Kreisen zu lesen." modern ctdlurc, of deep faith and profound HUGH HARRIS, Hon. Secretary: research, of which be was so pre-eminent a repre­ (Lord) COHEN. (Sir) BASIL L. Q. PRIZE FOR WILHELM HERZOG sentative. The Society for Jewish Study, of which HENRIQUES. (Rabbi) HAROLD F. he was throughout its existence the honoured and REINHART, LEONARD J. STEIN, The Jewish writer, Wilhelm Herzog, now living beloved President and Principal, wishes to mark Trustees. 'n Munich, was awarded the Munich " Kultur- his memory in a manner worthy of this great Hillel House, 1 Endsleigh Street. Preis." Herzog was born in Berlin and made a Jewish thinker and leader, which will enable Jew's London, W.C.\. name for himself with a Kleist biography. During of every shade of belief and opinion lo associate the first world war he was a pacifist publicist. themselves with his memory and to further in this He wrote a play, together with Rehfisch, based country, where he had found his last liome and "LOST BOUNDARIES" On his book " Affaere Dreyfus," with the same which he had made his own, a cause which was Sir,—Your review on the interesting family tree title. After his emigration he started untiringly always dear to his heart. of the " Slieglitz of Arolsen" reminds me of a to work on a comprehensive encyclopaedia which, For that purpose the Society intends to establish grotesqtte incident which occurred about 1928 .• sfter the French model of the eighteenth century, a Leo Baeck Memorial Publication Fund, which The C.V.-Zeitung had published a special will contain a number of pithy portraits of his­ is lo be held in trust by the Society and to be used edition on the contributions of German Jews lo torical personalities. for the purpose of supporting Ihe publication of German civilisation mentioning, among others, the At the Heine celebration of the Jewish commu­ works of a scientific character dealing with the famous Berlin architect, Hitzig, whose Jewisb nity in Beriin held in February, 1956. Wilhelm relatiotiship between thc Jewish religion and the origin and name, Jlzig, Heine's biting wit had laid Herzog was the main speaker. general culture ofo ur times. It is envisaged that bare. among the publications which are to be supported A short while after the publication of this NEWS FROM BEUTHEN by this Fund will be scholarly works dealing wilh special edition, the editor received a letler from a People from Bytom (Beuthen, Upper Silesia) will the life and the work of Leo Baeck and its lady in Dresden slating that she had made some be interested to leam that a Mr. J. Blumenfeld, at influence on contemporary thought, but it is research regarding the truth of the statement about Bytom (Polska), Ul. Piekarska 56, is prepared to intended that works devoted to other aspects of her grandfather, Hilzig, and had ascertained that answer inquiries regarding the condition of graves this subject, which more than any other engaged he had actually been born Itzig. She had hitherto •n the Jewish cemetery, and will also send photo- the mind of Rabbi Baeck, will become available heen unaware of her grandfather's Jewish origin Sraphs of the graves, if required. for publication. and of the fact that she was therefore herself of When the deportation started in the spring and The Society invites contributions lo this Fund 25 per cent Jewish origin. This lady had been a early summer of 1942 there were still 1,460 Jews from all Jews who are aware of the message that member of Ludendorff's " Tannepberg-Bund," the •n Bytom. They were deported in batches of 100 the Jewish religion can give to the contemporary notorious anti-Jewish organisation, which, in view to 150 persons, between April 1 and June 28, 1942. world. of her discovery, she had " of course " left. She Mr. Blumenfeld is the last member of the pre­ All donations and communications should be fell obliged lo make this confession to a Jewish war Jewish community of Beuthen (Bytom). addressed to the Secretary of the Society al 59 paper. H.R. Paae 8 AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Buudespraesident Theodor Heuss LEO BAECK MEMORIAL MEETINGS FRUCHTBARKEIT DER BEGEGNUNG IN LONDON— Federal President, who was prevented from attend­ ing in person. [Extracts from the Message are . . . Als ich nach 1949 erfuhr, dass Leo Baeck published in the next column.—THE EDITOR.] Deutschland besucht habe, hess ich ihn meine und A large gathering, including His Excellency the meiner Frau Bitte wissen, ihn wiederzusehen. Er Ambassador of the German Federal Republic, The memorial addresses were delivered by Rabbi Herr von Herwarth, paid tribute to the memory of Dr. Georg Salzberger, London, and Dr. Karl Hein­ kam. und es wjir sehr bewegend—das Schicksal Dr. Leo Baeck at a meeting held on December 16 rich Rengstorf, Professor of Protestant Theology gemeinsamer Freunde zu beklagen, vom eigenen ai the Wigmore Hall. in the University of Mimster. Speaking on "Leo Schicksal zu erfahren, von Theresienstadt—wie On behalf of the Council of Jews from Baeck und seine geistesgeschichtliche Bedeutung starb der, wie jener ?—und dann von der Aufgabe. Germany and the .\JR, Dr. W. Breslauer expressed fuer das neuzeitliche Judentum." Dr. Salzberger Die Besuche haben sich wiederholt. Sie stehen the deep feelings of gratitude of Jews from expressed the view that, in a period when religious­ in meiner Erinnerung in einer sehr eigenen, nur Germany in this country and all over the world ness was in danger of disappearing, it was Leo eben diesem Mann zugehoerigen Atmosphaere. for their deceased revered leader. Mr. L. G. Baeck who paved a new way to the interpretation . . . Er war ja, im Geistig-Intellektuellen, ein Montefiore, O.B.E., recalled his late father's and of both Jewish religiousness and the meaning of Phaenomen: als der ueber Achtzigjaehrige, ohne his own long-standing relations with Dr. Baeck. Jewish history. Professor Rengstorf. in analysing Notizen, vor einigen Jahren anderthalb Stunden He stressed that courage and gentleness were • Leo Baecks Beitrag zum theologischen Ge- ueber Maimonides sprach, mit einer souveraenen among Dr. Baeck's outstanding qualities. spraech." said that he considered Baeck's answer to Gegenwaertigkeit und in kuenstlerischer Ordnurg On behalf of the Leo Baeck Institute, Dr. H. Harnack's " Wesen des Christentums" at the ueber die zeit- und zeitgeschichtlichen, ueber die Liebeschuetz described Dr. Baeck's position as a beginning of the century a decisive factor in the biographischen Elemente verfuegend, empfanden spiritual leader of German Jewry. When as whole of his nature and his teachings. Heartfelt wir alle dies als kaum vergleichliches Ereignis: lecturer of the " Lehranstalt fuer die Wissenschaft thanks on the part of the numerous Christians were keinerlei Rhetorik, der Mann ganz dicht vom Stoff des Judentums " Dr. Baeck held the Chair for due to Baeck for his fostering of the spiritual erfuellt und ihn doch mit einer paedagogischen homiletics, he dealt with this subject in jts widest relations between Christians and Jews and for the Leichtigkeit. ja Heiterkeit ausbreitend. meaning: As German Jews were confronted with service thus rendered by him to Europe and Wir haben natuerlich in unseren Gespraechen the spiritual trends of their environment, the mankind. vielerlei ueber die juedisch-deutsche Problematik sermon had to serve as an imf>ortant modern In thanking the speakers, Mr. Heinz Galinski, dieser Gegenwart gesprochen. Ich liess mein medium for giving guidance to the community. Berlin, Chairman of the Board of the " Zentralrat," Urteil von seinem Urteil anleuchten, froh, dass The problems were similar to those vvith which announced the establishment by the " Zentralrat " es dadurch in seiner Faerbung sich seiten zu Jews were faced during the period of Hellenism of a Leo Baeck Prize, amounting to 2.000 aendern hatte—Baeck hat mich bei seinen and it was no accident that this epoch played a Deutsche Mark p.a., to be granted on the anniver­ Besuchen nie um etwas gebeten. Er kannte wohl particular part in Dr. Baeck's work as a scholar. sary of his demise to students or teachers who, in die rechtliche Begrenztheit des Amtes zu gut, um The Jews from Germany had. after their dispersion, their studies or activities, preserve the spiritual mich nicht in etwas wie "' Verlegenheit " zwischen established the Leo Baeck Ins:i:ute, because of heritage of this most outstanding German Jew. • Meinung " und " Zustaendigkeit" bringen zu their desire to keep alive the spiritual heritage of E. G. LOWENTHAL (Bonn). wollen. Aber unsere Unterhahung ging dann doch German J;wry, and it would now be the Institute's auch einmal den Weg der tragischen Reflexion, als task to carry out its work in the spirit of the man er von der Fruchtbarkeit der Begegnung juedischen vvith whose name it was associated. OBITUARIES IN GERMAN PRESS Menschentums mit deutscher denkerischer Tradi­ A moving address was given by Dr. Eva G. A number of national newspaper published tion sprach, die in anderem Volksraum Vergleich- Reichmann. As an authority on the problems of lengthy obituaries about Rabbi Leo Baeck. The bares nicht faende; welche Umgestaltung des German Jewry who had at the same time been Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung wrote: "On Gesellschafts-, des Menschen-, des Weltbildes intimately acquainted with Dr. Baeck since the the occasion of his 80th birthday, the German durch Karl Marx, durch Sigmund Freud, durch days of her childhood, she was particularly quali­ intellectuals paid their tribute to the modesty and Albert Einstein in diesen letzten hundert Jahren! fied to make the audience aware of Dr. Leo fighting spirit of Leo Baeck. to his theological vein Werturteil ueber den Sondercharakter der Baeck's life and work. He was, she said, the writings, his unobtrusive wisdom, to his life." Wirkung ; aber etwas von Geschichtlioh-Erstaunt- symbol of German Jewry. His loving kindness The Frankfurter Rundschau said that Leo Sein lag in der Stimme, als er mir diese Namen in was bound to reflect on those who had the Baeck's existence bordered on the miraculous. . . . ihrem exemplarischen Gewicht vortrug, Sie privilege of meeting him. His was a nobility of " In those years of cruel oppression, when in schienen ihm—und vermutlich mit Recht—nur in hiart. and humanity, humility, and fearlessness Theresienstadt each day and. most of all. each den Voraussetzungen ihres spezifisch deutschen were his coat of arms. His personality made its night the deportations to the gas chambers geistigen Herkunftsmilieus voellig erklaerbar. impression even on the ruthless persecutors whom threatened, Leo Baeck walked undisturbed through Ich will jetzt etwas sehr Kuehnes sagen, das he had to face day after day in the years of peril. the narrow alleys of tbe town of mourning and wahrscheinlich mancher nicht verstehen mag. [It is hoped that the full wording of Dr. Reich- suffering." Natuerlich hat er. schon aus dem Seelsorgeberuf minn's address will be published at a later date.— The Slutlgarter Zeitung described him as thc heraus, immer fuer das Schicksal der anderen sich The Ed.] most representative figure in Judaism, a universal mitverantwortlich gefuehlt, zumal in der grossar­ Dr. Leo Baeck's own words were brought to scholar, a philosopher, historian, and artist. tigen Haltung zu Theresienstadt, da ihm ein life by Mr. Leo Bieber, who read extracts from The Welt der Arbeit, the Sueddeutsche breiteres geistiges Fuehrertum zugewachsen war. an essay on the role of German Jewry and from Zeitung (Munich), and Die Zeit (Hamburg) Er hat unter der Gemeinheit, die dem und dem an address on the fifteenth anniversary of the extolled his sense of justice, saying that he dis­ und dem, die einem, die seinem Glaubensverband pogroms of 1938. These well-selected examples, tinguished between the German people and the angetan wurde, viel mehr gelitten als unter den too, served as an appropriate remembrance of the Nazi leadership. From the beginning he had Entwuerdigungen, die er selber erfahren musste great Jew, the great humanitarian and the masterful opposed the doctrine of collective guilt. —die innere Ueberlegenheit seines Wesens hat das stylist. " objektiviert." und zum Hassen besass er recht The dignity of the function was enhanced by MEMORIAL PUBLICATION OF AJR geringes Talent. recitals by a trio consisting of Maria Lidka, Readers wishing to receive further copies of the Aber er hat auch unter dem Widersinn und dem Franz Rei/enstein. and Christopher Bunting, whose Supplement in memory of Dr. Baeck attached to interpretations of movements by Schubert and politischen Unreoht gelitten, die dem Kriegsaus- the last issue of " AJR Information " may order gang, den er. ein " Schutzhaeftling," d.h. ein Beethoven opened and concluded this unforgettable them from AJR headquarters, 8 Fairfax Mansions, hour of commemoration. gequaelter Gefangener, nicht anders erhoffen N.W.3 (stamped and addressed envelope to be konnte als er eintrat. folgten. Denn er gehoerte enclosed). zu den Menschen, die auch im Leid zwischen —AND IN FRANKFURT NEW SYNAGOGUE IN DUSSELDORF Sadismus plus Dummheit einer so gewalttaetigen als strafwuerdigen Schicht und dem deutschen A large number of people, Jews and non-Jews The laying of a foundation-stone for a new Volk zu unterscheiden wussten. Die Heimat- alike, gathered together on the evening of December synagogue in Diisseldorf was marked by a cere­ gefuehle seiner Jugend waren in einer Kleinstadt 16, when a representative and dignified Memorial mony conducted by Rabbi Dr. P. Holzer. The Ostdeutschlands verwurzelt. Das war das Service for the late Dr. Baeck took place at the building, designed by the Jewish architect Hermann Ruehrende (und doch auch Beschaemende) im Westend Synagogue of Frankfurt, the arrange­ Guttmann will, in addition to the 450-seat syna­ Zusammensein mit diesem Mann Leo Baeck: er ments being made jointly by the " Zentralrat," the gogue, house the administrative offices of thc war. ganz ohne das Pathos gleich Leidenschaft " Zentralwohlfahrtsstelle der Juden in Deutsch- community and a communal centre. The good einer Aussage, aber in dem spuerbaren Pathos land." and the Frankfurt Jewish Community. wishes of the North-Rhine Westphalia Govern­ ment were conveyed by the Minister, Dr. Fritz gleich Leiden des Schweigens im Verborgenen. Dr. Walter Leiske, Acting Lord Mayor of im Geheimnis der Gefuehlswelt ein "deutscher Frankfurt, in solemnly opening the Service, called Kassmann, who recalled that the late Dr. Leo Baeck had been a rabbi of the DUsseldorf con­ Patriot " geblieben ; dies Wort ganz ohne Trom- it a distinction that his city had been chosen for the melwirbel und Fanfarenstoss. sondern mit der occasion. He repeated the assurance that the town gregation until 1912, when he accepted a call tn Berlin. ruhig gehenden Melodie. in der ein Grundmotiv authorities would continue to do their utmost der inneren Folge und Folgerichtigkeit durch towards the rebuilding of the local Jewish com­ Generationen. durch ein Leben gehen kann. munity. Dr. H. G. van Dam, General Secretary JEWISH COMMUNAL CENTRE IN of the " Zentralrat," welcomed in particular high FRANKFURT Ich glaube. Leo Baeck hat sein spaetes Schicksal. officials of the Federal and District Governments, A Jewish centre next to the Frankfurt Jewish das zur Aufgabe wurde, ganz klar verstanden, in the head of the Israel Mission, and leading repre­ Community headquarters was recently opened. One Einsicht, Kraft und Liebe, ganz ohne Laerm. in sentatives of various principal welfare agencies. of its classrooms has been endowed by Professor einem grossartig mit Glueck und Leid erfuellten After paying a most moving tribute on behalf Franz Boehm from t^e proceeds of the Stephen Leben der Bewaehrung zu einer Symbolfigur zu of the Federal Government, Ministerialdirektor Wise Prize conferred upon him by the American werden. Niemand darf auf den Gedanken Professor Dr. Paul Huebinger, head of the Cul­ Jewish Congress. The classroom has been named kommen, um ihn zu trauern. Jeder, der ihm tural Department of the Federal Ministry of the after Professor Boehm, in commemoration of his begegnete, wird sich in der Pflicht fuehlen, ihm Interior. Bonn, read out a message from the gesture. zu danken. AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 Page 9 THE COURT HISTORIAN CARE FOR THE AGED IN SOUTH AFRICA This year's lavishly prepared Souvenir Album of the Governing Committee of " Our Parents' Death of Hans Roger Madol Home." Johannesburg, reaffirms the marvellous When I first came across Madol's books—" The extraordinary language of imperial pomposity. achievements of the German Jewish immigrants in Private Life of Queen Alexandra," " Christian IX Madol considered it to be an insult to his human South Africa in this field. An article on the of Denmark," " Ferdinand of Bulgaria," " The dignity and never filled it in. history of the Home, written by Dr. Frieda Sichel. Shadow King," "Life of Louis XVII," and "The Madol's books have been translated into many describes the early beginnings of the enterprise Adventure of the Naundorffs "—I imagined their languages. Probably the most successful one. which started in 1936. when immigration to South author to be a dignified, elderly gentleman, especially in Spanish-speaking countries, was his .Africa was restricted and only parents over the possibly with a pointed beard and an enormous life of Godoy, the all-powerful Spanish Minister age of 60 were permitted entry on the condition flower in his button-hole ; a somewhat formidable at the turn of the eighteenth century. personality quite out of this contemporary that they would not become burdens to ihe State. It would be entirely unrealistic to assume that A cottage, hired at a monthly rent of £20, served World. I met Madol for the first time during the Madol himself lived in an ivory tower surrounded War and found my guess was altogether stupid and by past or present princes. In 1940 he became as the first accommodation. In the course of time Wrong. He knew nearly every crowned head in Press Attach^ to the Luxembourg Foreign Ministry more cottages had to be rented until the present Europe and many of his friends were Royalty or in London and, until his death, he was Commis­ beautiful Home could be erected. Although the aristocrats, yet he himself was the most modest, sioner of Information for the Luxembourg Govern­ Home was started by Jews for immigrant parents unassuming man imaginable. ment. He was also the editor of the United Nations from Hitler's Europe, it soon opened wide its He has just died at the age of 53 and thus ended, Yearbook, doors to Jews of'whatever origin. The average much too early, the life of one of the most extra­ His vast personal knowledge of personalities and .ige of residents today is 79. the oldest member ordinary German Jews I have ever met. He started events was put to excellent use in his war-time being 93. A tribute in the Album, written by his career as a biographer when he was hardly book " The League of London," a valuable source Chief Rabbi Rabinowitz. makes an interesting more than 20 years of age. One of his earliest of information about the attitude of governments observation. The author refers to a tendency on books dealt with Ferdinand, the ex-King of in exile in London. the part of social workers in the U.S.A. to house ^ulgaria: it became, so to speak, fhe key to the Dynasty, family, tradition—he had a passionate door or manv oalaces. It could have easily gone interest in all three. He once remarked that the elderly people with families in preference to to the head of this son of a Berlin Jewish business­ princes had this interest in common with the Jews. Homes, believing thai this might give them a man. But, as far as I could see, he kept his dignitv Therefore it is not surprising that he almost greater feeling of homeliness. " However," Rabbi perfectly and, with all due respect to persons of religiously kept his diary (now about 15 volumes, Rabinowitz states. " the special care needed for high standing, he refused to be anything but an some of them destined for the British Museum) those advanced in years, the need for companion­ fqual partner. .A little story he once told me may and that he had just finished his autobiography. ship and mental and physical occupation, can be illustrate this jxiint: Before the war he visited We hope that it will be published in due course, provided much better in one central home than friends in Doom, Holland, where Wilhelm II lived so that a wider public can make the " personal" in individual ones." As long as a Home keeps "> exile. He was asked if he wanted to meet the acquaintance of a distinguished writer and a unique cx-Emperor and was given an application form for personality. aloof from "" inslitutionalism " it serves this pur­ pose best. 31 audience which was conceived in the most ALFONS ROSENBERG

The Presidium of the K.J.V. You must not miss the (Kartell Juedischer Verbindungen) in Great Britain Dinner-Donee of the has much pleasure in inviting you to their Fourth Annual PHILANTHROPIN Gala Dinner Si^ BaU Q/^litti MONOPOL are precision at the ASSOCIATION made lighters, vith a Patented fully automatic action. WASHINGTON HOTEL Curzon Sf-reet, Lonilen, W.l on Saturday, January 26, 1957 on at the (^^/aWm. MONOPOL were designed Saturdoy Night, Februory 2nd, to meet the demand Jot a really reliable 1957 KENSINGTON PALACE HOTEL atitomatic lighter. 7.30 to midnight London, W.8 (/[fthirti Lighters are produced as Dancing to VAN STRATEN Table models (for the homt or and h\s Orchestra Ooncing to ALAN GILFORD tr his Orchestra office), as pocket models and in the TOMBOl/v FLOOR SHOW combinations:-Lighter/Cigarette Case, Tickets (incl. dinn^ef), 30/-, obtainable from Tickets, 2_ gns. (incl. Dinner and Buffet), WatchjLighter (Svisi jewelled lever K. J. Liebmonrv'30, Gt. Tower St., E.C.3 obtainabj^ on application only from any (ROYal I946);H. G. Gordon, 82, Gt. Portland moremtnt). / membefof the Ball Committee, or Mr. R. J. St., W.I (LANghom 2855) Friedgfl&nn, Hon. Treasurer and Secretary. y^ ,4t 36, .'Parliament Court, London, N.W.3 ^\iiloti. Lighters are arallablt gold ('p^one; HAMp. 1375). Non-members are Com^ along with your foniilies& friends and sterling' silrer mounted (Hall / cordially invited to apply for tickets. MarhedJ, gold or silver - plated, enamelled and in other exclusive Jtne EXQUISITE BLOUSES, KNITWEAR, finish^ Jrom £24 to 32/6 with a For English & German Books LINGERIE, CORSETRY written guarantee. A v~\>lit«i sales and service exist in ' Silhouette," " Stockleigh," etc., _-^' HANS PREI^ at reosonable prices. f "JO countries 1 /^ \_/Miiu. products are obtainable International BpOlaellers whererer lighters are sold witb pride. RUTH'S $H^P 37, Fairfox Rood, N.V.€^ (off Finchley Rd.) FuU details, with the nam* and address 'Phone ^^^ILburn 0500 of jour local stockist, will be gladlr 14 Bur lace, London, W.C.1 WATCH4.IGHTER Also this rn«ftth limtted number of Coats supplied on request. HOL 4941 and %u)^so\ less than wholesole prices.

MONOPOL THE FOOT SURGE^V^ DEUTSCHE Mr. I. W. Green, M.L.l.Ch..pr

CO>/BR| UGHTERS LTD., 69/70 V^ARREN STREET. LONDON, W.l. BUECHER GESUtHT! 10 Midland P e. R. & E. Steiner Books W^sTEnd Lane, N.W.6 (I minujyirom Wc»t Himpstead Tub* Station) 64, Tiirgorth Road, W.14 (FUL. 7924). Tel. MAIda Vale 0412 Page 10 AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 JEWISH ARRIVALS FROM HUNGARY REFUGEES IN THE NEWS He Challenged S.A. Racialism Appeal for Help Transfer Facilities Jewish opponents of Apartheid will rejoice in It is reliably estimated that since the outbreak In a written answer to a question by Mr. of the revolution in Hungary, sotne eleven Bellenger, Mr. Walker-Smith stated that the the story of Rabbi Andr^ Ungar, Minister at the thousand Jews have fled from that country. Some Chancellor of the Exchequer would not allow (Reform) Temple Israel, Port Elizabeth, whose four hundred and fifty of these have so far exchange control restrictions to prevent help being convictions have so kindled the wrath of the registered with the Jewish Refugees Committee in given in the most effective way possible to the South African Government that he was ordered London. The majority desire to re-emigrate over­ Hungarian people. to leave the country within four weeks. The seas, but it is expected that a considerable number 27-year-old rabbi originally came to Britain as a will wjsh to settle in England, where they have refugee from Nazi persecution and received his relatives or friends. NEW HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR diploma from Dr. Baeck in 1954. He held strong REFUGEES All the Jews who have fled from Hungary also views of the issues involved in South Africa when suffered through Nazi persecution when their In succession to the lale Dr. G. J. Van Heuven he went there two years ago, and he sought no country was occupied by the Nazis and they were Goedhart, August Ljndt, a Swiss, has been elected refuge in discretion when he was there. In a unable to leave Hungary after the war. They United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Passover sermon last year he compared South have therefore been victimised for a second time. Mr. Lindt, who is 51, is a former journalist and Africa and her "non-Europeans" to ancient Whilst every effort to meet the immediate needs has served Switzerland in a number of important Egypt and her Hebrew slaves. It was a brilliant, of these refugees is being made by the Central diplomatic posts for the last 11 years. bold, and visionary performance. No doubt, he British Fund and the Jewish Refugees Committee was warned to watch his step, but also, no doubt, working in the closest co-operation with the British REHABILITATION OF NAZIS LN AUSTRIA he refused to hold his peace. He has paid the Council for the Aid of Refugees, there are many price which he must have foreseen, and one problems for which these bodies need the The extreme right-wing " Freiheitliche Partei wonders what he thinks if he now perchance assistance of the Jewish community of this Oesterreichs " has asked Parliament to remove the country. The World Federation of Jews of compares South Africa with Hungary, where, it last vestiges of any special laws against former so happened, he was born. Hungarian Descent, British Centre, will welcome Nazis. The Party declared that it was not enough gifts of clothes, blankets, bedding, and offers of to abolish the laws. A general amnesty was needed CCA. accommodation with reasonable rent. Most of and all " wrongs" done to the Nazis must be the refugees are young people between twenty and remedied. They should be reinstated into their forty years of age, and many of them are skilled rights, again receive their pensions and given Jakob Goldschmidt's Art Collection craftsmen. It would therefore be greatly appre­ priority in employment by the State and private " One of the greatest sales of all time " (according ciated if offers of employment could be made to firms. to the Daily Telegraph) was transacted at Sotheby's them so that they may start afresh and be able to settle down. when two-thirds of the highest total ever realised Will readers who can offer help in any form GERMAN NATO SPECIALIST at a British picture sale since 1928—£136.100-- was paid for fourteen pictures from the collection communicate wjth the Honorary Secretary, The Federal Ministry of Defence has appointed Federation of Hungarian Jews, 3 Kenton Street. of the late Jakob Goldschmidt, one-time director the author of " Pflichtenlehre fuer den hitlertreuen of the Darmstadter Bank. Goldschmidt had London, W.C.I, telephone number: TERminus Offizier," the former General Foertsch, co-editor 3987. Offers for accommodation may also be sent of a book about Nato which is to be published in formed the collection in the 1920s and taken it to the Jewish Refugees Committee, Woburn House. several languages. The " Frankfurter Rundschau " with him when he moved to New York in 1933. Upper Woburn Place, W.C.1 (EUSton 3925). sharply condemns this appointment. The highest price—£27.000—was fetched by Corot's " Venus au Bain"; it had been bought Some Facts and Figures in Paris for £12,500. The well-known "Girl," by REPORT ON MINSK EXTERMINATION Murillo. the companion picture to the popular Various questions regarding the Hungarian CAMP " Peasant Boy " of the National Gallery, bought refugees who have come to this country, were dealt for £6.300, fetched £25,000. "The Virgin," by with in the House of Commons. Inter alia, it was A detailed report on the Minsk extermination El Greco, bought for £1,350, was sold for stated that arrangements for the broadcasting of camp, where 170,0(X) Jews were killed and only nine English lessons are under way. It was also reported survived, is published in a recent issue of the £14,000, and the " Head of a Woman," bv Renoir, that the British Council for Aid to Refugees has Federal German Government weekly " Das Parla­ for £6,000 (bought for £350). co-ordinated the work of the voluntary organisa­ ment." The author is Dr. Karl Loewenstein, a tions in charge of relief schemes on behalf of the half-Jew who was sent to Minsk with a Jewish arrivals. By December 11 the number of refugees transport on account of his activities as a member Professor in Munich from Himgary amounted to 11,000. Altogether of the anti-Nazi " Bekenntniskirche." Later on. until December 10, up to 126,000 Hungarian Dr. Loewenstein was transferred to Theresienstadt. Professor Karl Loewenstein, who taught at the refugees had arrived in Austria (including those He writes that those who perished in Minsk Amherst College, Massachusetts, was given a who have proceeded to the U.K.). A further 859 included Jews from the Rheinland, Hamburg, chair in the Faculty of Law at Munich Univer­ have arrived in Yugoslavia. Berlin, Bremen, Vienna, and Bruenn. sity, where he was a lecturer up to 1933.

FAMILY EVENTS BOOKKEEPER, up to trial balance, SITTER-IN available mornings, after­ Accommodation reliable, exp., wants full- or part-time noons, or evenings, also for week­ Entries in this column are free of position or free lance work. Box 104. ends. Box 113. VACANCY FOR PERMANENT charge. Texts should be sent in by the GUEST, lady or gentleman, in beauti­ Mth of the month. MAN OF 24, Orthodox, so far NEEDLEWOMAN AVAILABLE fully situated well-heated country traveller with own car, wants admini­ FOR DRESSMAKING, ALTERA­ house ; Continental cooking, every Birthdays strative post, manager or similar, TIONS, mending, etc., in- or out­ diet. Mrs. K. Schwarz. " Furzedown," knows bookkeeping up to trial door. Private only. Box III. Wood Road, Hindhead, Surrey. Mr. Julius Wiener, of 5 Glenilla Road, balance. Box 105. YOUNG LADY graduate wants room N.W.3, celebrated his 80th birthday GOOD COOK wants part-time job in on December 13. centrally situated. Box 101. Women private household. Box 112. Mr. Louis Will, of 22 Dingwall Miscellaneous Gardens. N.W.II, will celebrate his VISITING SECRETARY, typing, 86th birthday on January 15, 1957. translating, interpreting, English, Ger­ WANTED Crown for large Torah man, French. Own typewriter. ALL MAKES Scroll, silver or silver gilt, Continental Box 100. Deatbs made ; or whole set of Crown, Shield, MENDING AND ALTERATIONS BOUGHT and Pointer. Write Box 102. Mr. Emil Elias (Port Elizabeth, S.A.), done by experienced person. Please born in Hamburg, 1887, recently died 'phone MAIda Vale 8530. SOLD MISSING PERSONS in London while on a visit to Europe. Deeply mourned by his family and MACHINIST (plain), neat worker, EXCHANGED Enquiries from AJR friends. wants part-time work. Box 106. Dr. Hans Liebrecht, formerly of Mr. Fritz Loebl, of 74 Kells Lane, REPAIRED & MAINTAINED Berlin-Charlottenburg. Apparently HOMEWORK wanted: painting toys, came to England in 1938. Lowfell, Gateshead (formerly Bam­ jewellery, or unskilled work. Box 107. berg), passed away on November 22, Rudolf Danzig, formerly furrier in aged 70. Deeply moumed by his wife BOOKKEEPER, exp.. good ref., Leipzig. Elsa (n^e Fried) and family. wants full- or part-time work. Box 108. ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd. Egon Stem, formerly Director of CLASSIFIED Gebr. Schuermann, Cologne. His ENG./GERMAN SHORTH.-TYP., WELbeck 2528 private residence was Cologne- Situations Wanted good ref., wants full- or part-time Braunsfeld. work. Box 109. 18 CRAWFORD STREET . Men Mrs. Alfred Katz (n^e Coelln), born CLERK (former lawyer), knowledge LEDGER CLERK, also able to work (off BAKER STREET), W.l 1897, last known address Koeln/Rh., of storekeeping and despatch, wants as a cashier, wants suitable position. HohenzoUernring 77, emigrated in position of trust. Box 103. Box 110. 1939 to London. AJR INFORMATION January, 1957 AJR SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT DEATH OF MR. JULIUS BLOCH MISLAID DOCUMEi.

Accommodation:—The number of refugees It is learnt with deep regret that Mr. Julius Bloch, Sir,—Dr. Ernst Fraenkel, now Professo, who have been given notice because their land­ formerly of Frankfurt, has passed away. Through­ University Frankfort/Main, brought to Lonu^ lords have sold their houses is steadily increasing, out his life he was a most active Jewish communal in 1939, when he arrived as a refugee, a box full and many applicants—desperately looking for worker. In Frankfurt he played a leading part in of manuscripts, notes, and material intended for furnished rooms—turn to us. So far it has been the Jewish community ; the Jewish training centre the continuation of the Staruiard Work " Germania possible to place most of them. However, often for young people was particularly near to his Judaica" (second volume, 1238-1378) which started , M "^^"^ required is very high, whereas many heart. When Mr. Bloch came to this country, he publication in Germany in 1917. The box con­ callers are Old Age Pensioners. Any vacant continued his work for the German Jews ; he was tained important notes of various scholars who are •"ooms, particularly at a rent below £2 per week, especially associated with the efforts of the Leo no longer dive in addition to material collected 'Should be brought to our notice. Baeck B'nai B'rith Lodge and the New Liberal by Professor Fraenkel. Jewish Congregation. He was also a member of When Dr. Fraenkel left London in 1947 he Employment:—In view of the rise in the cost of the AJR since its inception, and, on various arranged wilh the late Dr. Leo Baeck that the box living refugees who had already retired feel com­ occasions, contributed to the accomplishment of should be transferred lo the address of a Rabbi. pelled to look again for work. Among the callers its tasks by his valuable suggestions. Mr. Bloch The box was collected at Ihe lime, hut, unfor­ are cooks, dressmakers, sitters-in, and persons able was a man full of energy who did not spare himself tunately, neither Dr. Baeck nor Dr. Fraenkel could to care for sick, invalid, and children. Others whenever he wanted to put into effect a scheme remember lo whom it was given nor where il had Otter their services for alterations and mending. he had conceived. His devoted services will always been stored. Ine applications mainly refer to part-time work. be gratefully remembered. As our Institute is now engaged in the continua­ " Would be appreciated if any readers who can tion of the " Germania Judaica," we are very Otter vacancies would get in touch with us. anxious to recover these fragments. We assume that Ihe case has been mislaid somewhere and may Handicraft Exhibition and Sale:—As in 3 and 6 p.m. and on Friday from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. still be available if appropriate inquiries are made. previous years, we had a wider display of attractive Orders for any kind of needlework are also The papers are without any practical value except Slit articles in December. Pewter-work, pottery, accepted. to the Editors. prooches, shades, and bracelets were particularly We iherefore appeal lo any of your readers who "1 demand. The display and sale goes on through­ Wireless Set i\eeded:—Any reader who would may have had some connection with this matter out the year and the articles are on view in be prepared to donate a wireless set to an unem­ and may recall where the papers have been stored. p-c^ No. 2 at our office premises from Monday ployed elderly lady should contact the AJR Social 8 Fairfax Mansions, Leo Baeck Institute '0 Thursday between 10 a.m. and 1 p.m. and Services Department, MAIda Vale 4449. London. N.W.i. of Jews from Germany. RADIO - REPAIRS - TELEVISION The Exclusive Salon de Corseterte GRIFFEL CATERING CO. THE DORICE '*orla Radiovision .Service and Lingerie Well known for high-clasi catering. Weddings, Bannitzvahs, and Social Continental Cuisine •— Licensed 37, SOUTHWICK STREET, W.2 Mme. H. LIEBERG Functions at your Home or any Hall. PAD. 3394 871 FINCHLEY ROAD, Own crockery provided, aiso staff. 169a FincUey Rd., N.W.S MAI 6301 Reliable—Reasonable (Next to thc^ost Office, Golders Green) Only home-made cakci. Very reasonable charges. For Personal Attention throughout --^hone SPEedwell 8673 Pleue coBMct Manacer, Mi*. Mandelbaom. ^^.f""''^ PARTIES CATERED FOR FajMlinoble French, American, and English MAIda Vale 2395. Wfr.«oUect and dettrer AMoels. Reody-made and to measure. Spend your holidays in .^*fnts jor Marconi Ferguson - Stella, EXPERT FITTING. GLADSTONE GUESTHOUSE Bournemouth '* ASHDALE^UESTHbusi^' 27 Hoveden Road, N.W.2 SiMAR HOUSE _^- BEAULIEU RD., BOURNEMOUTH W. SCHHiiSeR'S off Walm Lane 10. HERBERT ROAD, °" beautiful " Alum Chine," 5 mln. eifiSTHOOSi /T BOURNEMOUTH °" All Conveniences. Excellent Single—Double Rooms NEWLY DECORATED H. & c. in Jill bedrooms. Television. Ci/fsine. Hot and Cold Water Garage spoce. Continental cuisine 26 Blenheim Gardens, N.W.2 *"•»» : Frotn 51-7 gns., according Full or partial Board. 'Phone: Westbourne 64176 (15 houses from underground ond buses) .-•^ Mr. & Mrs. S. SMITH to room and season. Permanent and temporary residents ; all ^ Excellent Cuisine jC^lPhonie : Westbourne 619471 rooms hot and cold water. Garden, TV, • A R L E T •• Prop.: E. BRUDER GLAdstone 5622 Tel.: GLA. 4641 77, St. Gabriel's Road, London, N.W.2 Tel. GLA 402t ' FURZEDOWN " Permanent Guests and Visitors coming to London HIGHEST PRICES are welcome in my exquisitely furnished and * ""Ml place for holidiyt and convaleicence paid for Ladies' and Gcntlenien'a left-oD ROSEMOUNT cultivated Private Guest House Large garden with sunshed Clothing, Suitcases, Truoiis, etc. 17 Parsifal Road, N.W.6 Hot & Cold Water, Radiator Heating Garden, Telovision ""'ng h. & c. water in all flnt-floor bedrooms HAM 5856 Come anywhere any time Continental meals can be provided if desired "ome atmosphere, Continental cooking THE BOARDING-HOUSE WITH CULTURE Very good residential district. Buses and Tube (ill diets). Children welcome very near .^. DIENSTAG A Home for you Mn. Lotte Schwara "rl/ for Easter, Whitsun and summer .MAIda \alc 1649 Elderly people welcomed "'"s. Reduced terms for olF-season periodi •nd for long or permanent residents CONTINENTAL

^i^OOD ROAD, HINDHEAD, SURREY BOARDING HOUSE

Telephone: Hindhead 335 IN HAMPSTEAD

Single—DQwfile Rooms. H.C.W. J. A. C Ftlfl or Partial Board BROADHURST HALL Mod^e^Terms Ring MAI 007* '• BROADHURST GARDENS, N.W.* (behind John Barnei) COMFORTABLE HOME FOR' Open Daily from 3 p m.-2 a.m, for— OLD LADIES '**s, Dinners & late Suppers of Coffe, Lounge _ Candtelif ht Bar *<*llent Cuisine — Own Viennese Patisserie 68^hbot-up Hill, N.W.2 .-^ 'Phone : GLAdstone 5838 We welcome your order for Pastries •nd Parties in your own home. LEO HOROVIT: •*»»«• by Candlelight: Wednesday S»tur*y and Sunday tvenlngs CORSETS . CORSELETS SCULPTOR-STOh^MASOh

"^'t* H»ll afid Privan Rooma for Memoturfs for all BELTS . BRASSIERES ^iSftrneteries ^SODiNGs RECEPTIONS. MEETINGS CORSETS SILHOUETTC LTD, IM. PARK LANE. LONDON. W.t. ^i FAWLEY ROAO REUNIONS. ^WEST HAMPSTEAD. N.' '^•"Wrj and Friwtf, R„,„. MAI MS7 Telephone : HAMptload VS rt,^>mt^,mt=^im,^!^^mm^m^>s^f^m:..>^:^ liiiMiMaiMiUiiiiiiiaaiMai

AJR INFORMATION January, 1957

ZENITH PHOTOCOPIES OF DOCUMENTS If it's TYPEWRITERS ALL STYLE and Duplicators TAILOR From I /6 Phone: DECORATING SBBVICR LTD. Price reductions for <)uantities. MAI 1271 MAC 1454 SUITS & COSTUMES made to measure by first-class Tailors in our COLDERSTAT A. BREUER, E. MIEDZWINSKI own workrooms. Works: 25, DOWNHAM ROAD, N.l 57 FairfaxRd ZT^jfl^FREYS ROAD, S.W.4 N.ff.6. We specialize in: Phones : CLIssold 6713 (3 lines) ALTERATIONS & REMODELLING Residence : 54, GOLDERS GARDENS H. WOORTMAN While you wait all Ladies' & Gentlemen's Suits at Com­ N.W.ll. Phones: SPEedwcll 5643 PHOTOCOPIES OF YOUR petitive Prices. 8 Baynes Mews. Hampstead, N.W.S Td. HAH 1*74 DOCUMENTS 172 FINCHLEV RO., LONDON, N.W.3 AXY PRMNTMNG Continental BuiWcr and Decorator from 1 /6 onwards (HAM 8101) Speciafist In Dry Rot Repairs Tuesday to Saturday 9 o.m. to 2 p.m. Private end Commercial. ,r^- ESTIMATES FREE or 'phone for appointment (between Finchley Rd. Underground and L.M.S. First-class Work. Quickest Service. Mrs. H. M. Barry Stations) Urgent moHeri in 24 hourt. Flat MS, 20 Abbey Rd., Sf. Jolin's Wood, SHOE REPAIRS CUN 4ff60 Ext. 115 N.W.g \U\. WALL CLE. 6797 RICH'S SHOE REPAIR SERVICE AJR (formerly REICH) now at HAli'DICKAFT-CinOIJP 133, HAMILTON ROAD, N.W.ll NORBERT COHN RABENSTEIN LTD (2 min. Brent Sution) Sreot selection of attroctive and useful We CoUect and Delirer F.B.O.A. (Hons.), D.Orch. CJIFTN Kosher Butchers, Poulterers Tet: SPEedwcll 7J6< H.AMpstead 1017 OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN and at reasonable prices Sausage Manufacturers Reissner & Goldberg 20 Northways Parade, Finchley Rood Gift tokens available Swiss Cottage, N.W.S Under the Supervision o.f tite Beth Din Tel. PRImrose f«M Orders for any kind of needlework ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS will be glodly accepted 141 Canterbury Road, N.W.6 8 FAIRFAX MANSIONS High-Class Interior Wholesale and RetaU MAI 6721 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.J Decorating (Fairfax Road cornc) MAI. 4449 of first-class BefiJf^ 8.1 5 a.m. and after 7 p.m. CJpen : Monday—Thursday 10-1, 3-6 MAI 2646. 0359 Friday 10-1 Continental Sausages H. KAUFMANN I6B Hampstead Hill Gardens, N.W.3 SPACE DONATED BY S. F. & 0. HALLGARTEN Delireries Daily VESOP Tel. HAMpstead 8936 Wines and Spirits Importers & Exporters &r/laaonriHgSoufM. 1 CkUTCHEO FRIARS, LONDON, E.C.3 STANDARD SEWING 5, Fairhazel Gardens, N.W.6 MACHINE SERVICE LTD M. GLASER Pel: MAI 3224 & M.M 9»36 Tel.: WEL 2S2I \^^ PRACTICAL UPHOLSTERER All makes of Sewing Machines Sold, All Re-Upholstery, Ciraets, Furniture Repairs, French Polishing Bought and Exchanged. Easy Terms WILL M DONE TO YOUR Bundesentschaedigungs­ SATISFACTION gesetz 1956 Repairs promptly executed Phone: HAMpstead SiOl er call at 18 CRAWFORD ST. BAKER ST. W.l 4)1 FINCHLEY RD. (Childs Hill), N.W.2 dargestellt von K. Friedlander (London) A. OTTEN F.B.O.A. (Hons.) OPHTHALMIC OPTICIAN Published as supplement to " AJR Information," Aug., 1956 T«l. 118 FINCHLEY ROAD HAMpstcad OPPOSITE JOHN »ARNES S You may order copies for ESSENTIAL for FIRST-CLASS 8336 FINCHLEY ROAD MET. STN. your friends in this country CONTINENTAL COOKINC 1/10 per 8 oz. bottle Ring and abroad from ' Obtainable from Grocen and Storei / Manufactured by VESOP PRODUCTS LTD. HAUfpstead 4130 The Association of Jewish Refugees 4tS Hornsey Road, Lendon, N.l* 8, Fairfax.Mansions, London, N.W.S 4154 (2/6 plus postoge) 4686 JONIDA nutnitfacture EIDERDOWNS, New and Recovered, for Chauffeur-cdriven SPACE DONATED BY BED SPREADS, PRAM RUGS, DOLLS Limousines & Saicx^n Cars • TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED / 38, Felshom Road, Putney, S.W. 15 PRAM SETS. t ANY DISTANCE EXCLUSIVE DESIGNS. DAY & NICHT Wholesale, Refoil ond to order. M. FISCHLER JONIDA make up curtains, loose covers. XORWEST CONTINENTAL UPHOLSTERT A|ent$ for Parker-KnoH, Christie-Tyler and JONIDA for quilting and machine various ocher makei. embroidery. Valentine k Wolff Ltd. CAR HIRE Carpets supplied and fitted below shop prices. L,TI». Insurance Broilers :URTAINS. DkAPES AND MATTRESSES MAOf JONIDA, 517a Finchley Road ALSO FRENCH POLISHING in association with 129, Cambridge Rood, N.W.6. Hampsfead, N.W.S U>« AXHOLME AVE., EDGWARE, MIDOX. ARBON, LANCRISH & CO. LTD (EDG. 5411) Tel.: KILburn 0322 JElfliSill BOOKN HASILWOOD HOUSE * any kind, new and second-hand. The 52 BiSHOPSCATE Sol* Libraries ond Single Volumes Ltd. LONDON, E.C.2 'Hlfllt. Taleisim. Bookbinding. CONTINENTAL LAUNDRY SPECIALISTS Tel.: LONdon Wall 2366 M. SULZBACHER . Most London Districts Served (10 lines) ' & HEBREvV BOOKS (also purchase) SHE 4575 - brings us by radio < Avcnae, Golders Green Rood All Types of Insurances with Write or 'phone the Manaoer, Lloyds and all Companies «.W.I1. Tel.: SPE. 1694 Mr. E. Hearn, I STRONSA ROAD, LONDON, W.12