VOL. XX No. 3 March, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

• FAIRFAX MANSIONS. FINCHLEY RO. (corner Fairfax Rd.), Lendm. N.W.I 0//ic* and Ctnuilting Houn: TdapheiH ; MAIda v*l« S096/7 (Gmaral olAct and Wtllart tor tha Agad). Monday to Tkurtday 10a.m.—Ipjn. }—6pjn. MAIda Val* 4449 (Employmant Agancy, annuallr llcanicd br tha L.C.C.. and Social Services Dept,) Friday IOa.m.-~l p.m.

so far about 150 people had expressed their ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEW PLANS interest in the scheme. The idea was that every applicant should contribute proportion­ ally to the investment costs, and that the AJR Board Meeting current maintenance cost would also have to be defrayed exclusively by the residents themselves. Arrangements were also envi­ More than 60 people from London and the The AJR Social Services Department had saged for persons who, without wishing to be Provinces attended the meeting of the AJR to deal with a variety of problems raised by a admitted now, were prepared to contribute Jioard on January 31, when past activities and great number of callers, including employ­ towards the investment costs with a view to plans for the future were reported and dis­ ment, accommodation, help in cases of sick­ being admitted when the need arose. The cussed. ness and psychiatric advice. shape of a company to be founded was at pre­ The Meeting was opened by Mr, A, S, AJR Information was an indispensable sent being considered by the Sub-Committee in Oresel (Chainnan of the AJR) who paid source of information and also a link between consultation with legal experts. While the tribute to the memory of Sir Winston headquarters and all members. Home would be acquired and administered in Churchill and read out the letter of condo­ Turning to finances the speaker stated that the name of such a company, it was intended lence written by the AJR to Lady Churchill. in 1964 the income from subscriptions and that a House Committee be set up under the He also recalled the losses sustained by the donations had amounted to £8,620 (as against auspices of the AJR and that the AJR should AJR during the past year through the deaths £8.780 in 1963) and the expenditure to also take charge of the administrative work of Dr, Hans Reichmann, Rabbi Dr, Max Eschel­ £13,300 (as against £12,800 in 1963). A sub­ involved. hacher, Dr. Alexander Philippsborn, Dr. stantial increase of expenditure was to be The purchase of a site was at present under Alfred Wiener, Dr. Erich Eyck and Mr. Louis expected in 1965 in view of the necessary active consideration, but it could not yet be Sonneborn (Manchester), further expansion of the work. On the other stated whether it would materialise. He welcomed as new Board Members Mr. hand, it should be possible to increase the Apart from a Self-Supporting Old Age C. F. Flesch, Mrs. S. Horwell and Dr. L. G. number of members, and also to obtain higher Home, assistance in the erection of a Self- King. subscriptions from those members who could Supporting Flatlet Home was also planned. In the general report about the work of the afford it. As the Flatlet Home at Avenue Road would AJR during the past year Dr. W. Rosenstock The AJR Charitable Trust derived its assets accommodate only about 50 people, whereas ^(General Secretary) first dealt with the mainly from the AJR's share in the alloca­ the number of applicants amounted to about Thank-You Brilain " Fund. Whilst the Fund tions to the Council of Jews from Germany 250, applicants with comparatively large *as a joint enterprise of all major organisa­ out of the heirless German Jewish property. means at their disposal would have to be tions of former refugees, the AJR had been Furthermore, it was the recipient of current eliminated at thc outset. An announcement the main initiator and had also taken charge of payments made by AJR members under about a Self-Supporting Flatlet Home, pub­ the substantial administrative work covenant. The Trust had also benefited from lished in AJR Information, had resulted in a The building work at Adamson Road, where donations and legacies. Most of the assets considerable number of replies. However, in the AJR Club is to be accommodated, was at present available would be required for this scheme the AJR would confine its help expected to be completed in April or May. the buildings at Adamson Road and Avenue to bringing the interested persons together, Eight bed-sitting-rooms on the upper floors had Road, and in view of these and various other whereas all further steps (foundation of a oeen allocated to indigent former refugees present and future liabihties an increase of Housing Society, looking for a site, etc.) selected by a Sub-Committee which was the income from Covenant payments, dona­ would have to be taken by the interested per­ appointed by the AJR Executive. The upper tions and legacies was highly essential. sons themselves, or by persons to whom they decided to delegate the work. ground floor would be used for the AJR Club. That part of the work for the Jews from The lower ground floor offered various oppor­ Germany which aimed at the preservation of Dr. F, Goldschmidt (Chief Legal Adviser to tunities, e.g., regular meals services for our cultural heritage was carried out by the URO and Representative of the Council on the indigent persons, meetings of the AJR and Leo Baeck Institute which had already a great Legal Committee of the Claims Conference) of other organisations, and also expanded number of important publications to its credit. reported that on behalf of the Council of Jews activities of the AJR Club. The future work greatly depended on the from Germany Dr, W, Breslauer, Mr, A. S. With regard to the Flatlet Home at Avenue membership strength of the Societies of Dresel and he had repeatedly negotiated with Koad (Highgate) the speaker reported that the Friends of the L,B,I,, but, unfortunately, the the German personalities concerned on legis­ obstacles to be overcome had been very number of members in this country was still lative questions of restitution and compensa­ sreat. At present the detailed plans of the rather small. tion. The abolishment of the 1,500 million building were being worked out. As soon as The speaker also reported that after much DM ceiling in the original Federal Restitution they were ready tenders from building firms preparatory work the Council of Jews from Law was to a high extent due to the efforts Would be asked for. Germany had published a book carrying the of the Council, The number of would-be residents of the life stories of 180 Jewish communal leaders At present endeavours were concentrated existing four Old Age Homes was practically in Germany who had perished under the on the Final Compensation Law, the draft of 'unlimited, and the few arising vacancies could Nazis. He appealed to Board members to ,which was now under considieration. The on^ be used for the most urgent applications. acquire this important and unique publication. Council had especially pressed for an adequate The full weekly maintenance costs which Dr. E, A. Lomnitz (Deputy General Secre­ settlement of the payment of annuities to *ere, however, not paid by all residents tary) gave a report about the work of a Sub- those widows whose husbands had died before amounted to £10 per head, but this sum did Committee set up by the Executive to explore October 1, 1953, It had also taken up the 'lot include expenses for major repairs, the possibility of establishing a Self-Support­ interests of those whose deceased relatives ?,aniinistrative costs of the AJR and the ing Old Age Home for people who, in view of had lived in Eastern Germany and some of fifH,^' ^^'^ interest on capital. As far as the their comparatively good financial position, "tth home, Osmond House, for more infirm were not eligible for admission to the existing whose claims could not be settled under the People was concerned, the weekly costs per homes. About 40 people had been rejected for present law. As far as the damage to educa­ Resident amounted to £21; this was mainly admission to the present homes for financial tion was concerned a general increase of the ^iie to the high ratio of nursing staff required. reasons, but there were many others who had 5,000 DM compensation to 10,000 DM was ^s only comparatively few residents could pay not applied because they knew that they did under consideration. However, it was not yet "16 full maintenance cost of £21 the annual not quaUfy for admission. In answer to an certain whether and for which types of vic- aeficit was very substantial. announcement published in AJR Information Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION March, 1965

Achievements and Plans PAMS EXHIBITION ON JEWISH "THANKYOU BRITAIN 'FUND RESISTANCE Continued from page 1 An exhibition entitled " The Jews in the A Progress Report tims such an increase would be provided for Struggle Against Hitlerism" was opened in in the final law. Paris. M. Jean Sainteny, Minister for Ex-Ser­ The Council had also dealt with the pay­ On February 9 the Committee of the ments of Social Insurance Annuities to those vicemen, who spoke at the opening, called on " Thank-You Britain " Fund, on which all female victims of Nazi persecution who had French youth to honour the memory of Mor­ major organisations of former refugees are contracted out when they married. decai Anielewicz, leader of the Warsaw Ghetto represented, held a meeting under the With regard to the Statute of Limitations Uprising, who personified Jewish heroism. chairmanship of Mr. W. M. Behr. It was Dr. Goldschmidt considered the statement of Jews hail served and died in the ranks of the reported that, so far, £64,000 had been the Council as appropriate and dignified. French, British. Russian and American armies, raised. This sum comprises outright dona­ Turning to the general political situation in M. Sainteny said, recalling the activities of the tions of a total of £20,000, and undertakings Germany the speaker said that without mini­ Jewish Brigade. The Jews of Europe, martyred under seven years' covenants which, includ­ mising the negative aspects we should also by the Nazis, had not merely accepted their ing taxes to be recovered, will ultimately recognise the genuine urge of overcoming fate. They were " the people of the night" yield £44,000. The contributions vary from the past among many personalities of high and they had fought back. £1 to £1,000. standing. It was the attitude of these men The opening was attended by Jewish and The Committee decided that a prelimi­ which had also been a decisive asset in the non-Jewish leaders, diplomats, politicians and nary list of contributors to the Fund should fight for material indemnification. visiting dignitaries. Among the large crowd be published shortly and included in one of The reports were followed by a lively dis­ were the Israeli, Bulgarian, Polish and Czecho­ the next issues of " AJR Information." It slovak Ambassadors and diplomatic represen­ cussion in which the following Executive and tatives of Belgium, Yugoslavia, Sweden, Nor­ was also decided that steps should be taken Board members participated: Mrs. R. Berlin, way, the Soviet Union, Holland, Hungary and to obtain contributions from those who, so Dr. W. Dux, Dr. L. G. King, Rabbi Dr. G. Australia. far, have not responded to the appeal Salzberger, Mr. J. B. Sachs, Dr. H. W. Kugel­ One speaker said that the exhibition was letter. Several Committee members mann, Mrs. S, Horwell, Dr, F. E. Falk, Dr. H. the first attempt to reveal to Jews and non- reported that, to their knowledge, quite Neufeld, Mr. H. C. Mayer and Mr. J. Strauss. Jews alike the hitherto unknown history of a few had withheld their contributions as One of the speakers during the debate Jewish wartime heroism. Dr. Nahum (jold- long as the outcome of the appeal was still expressed his dismay at the low income of mann, president of the World Jewish Con­ uncertain. Now, as the scheme had turned gress and of the World Zionist Organisation, out to be a success, they would certainly the AJR from membership contributions. He declared that the most terrifying aspect of the described it as most regrettable that quite a Nazi regime was its paralysis of its victims' also wish to be associated with this collec­ few who were well-off paid rather low con­ determination to resist, but the exhibition was tive gesture of gratitude. It was stressed tributions and that others were not even mem­ proof " of the miracle that thousands of Jews that the " Thank-You Britain " Fund would bers, although they turned to the AJR when found the moral and physical strength to only have achieved its goal if it comprises they required its help. A community whose resist, despite the tragic situation of their contributions from the vast majority of the average standards were comparatively high people, who were the main victims of un­ former refugees, whatever the amounts of should be able to cover the administrative bounded terror ". The exhibition, he said, was their individual payments may be. costs of its organisation out of its own also an accusation levelled against the demo­ resources and without also having to fall back cratic nations who had failed to take the The Committee also considered plans for action needed to save at least a small propor­ the formal Dedication of the Fund after on the former assets of those who perished. tion of the victims of Nazism, Another speaker stated that the net costs the end of the Appeal and of the publicity A total of 15 nations, including the Soviet to be given on that occasion. for AJR Informaiion could be reduced if more Union, sent material. It is considered likely firms whose owners were connected with the that the exhibition, which took two years to Any information required may be AJR placed advertisements in its columns. prepare, will be made a permanent one.— obtained from : The Secretary, " Thank- The Hon. Treasurer, Mr. F. E. Falk, also (J.C.) You Britain" Fund, 8 Fairfax Mansions, appealed for more payments by members London, N.W.3 (MAIda Vale 9096/7). under Deeds of Covenant. GERMANS IN EGYPT The work in the Homes was widely appre­ ciated, and special tributes were paid to their Over one hundred German engineers and FIVE YEARS FOR MURDERING 300,000 Matrons and staff. It was also agreed that technicians are reported to have arrived in everything possible should be done to give Egypt recently to work on rocket and aircraft S.S. Colonel Krumey, a former assistant of programmes. Their exact number is not known Nazi mass murderer Adolf Eichmann, who was the Homes a genuinely Jewish atmosphere. but they are said to total more than the 120 found guilty of aiding in the murder of 300,000 Several speakers stressed that, as the work engineers and skilled workers who are reported Jews, has received a sentence of five years' of the AJR would have to go on for a to have left when their contracts ended at the hard labour. Gasps of anger and amazement very long time to come, it was highly essen­ end of 1964. in the Frankfurt court were heard when the tial to enlist the active co-operation of more About 60 are aircraft technicians working on sentence was announced. members of the comparatively younger President Nasser's rocket programme and it As Krumey has already spent only six weeks generation. It was realised that this also is understood that the technicians went in less than five years in pre-trial detention, he called for a certain adaptation of the methods spite of American efforts to stop them. The would normally have been bound only to serve of work, because younger people were already Messerschmitt, Boeklow and Siebel aircraft six weeks, but he is being held in prison while highly integrated into their environment. companies have intensified efforts to stop his role in other war crimes is investigated. technicians leaving for Egypt. These include the murder of the entire male The Meeting testified anew to the strong In a despatch from Bonn, the correspondent population of Lidice in 1942. sense of loyalty and responsibiUty shared by of The Times, reported that it was an "open all Board members and will thus serve as a secret" that Washington had " strongly advised Former S.S. Captain Hunsche. tried at the further stimulus in the accomplishment of the same time on charge of complicity in the against the recall of German rocket specialists murder of these 300,000 Hungarian Jews, was tasks which lie ahead. in Egypt lest they be replaced by Soviet ones ". acquitted as the court considered there was no " conclusive proof". The West German prosecutor, who had demanded life sentences of hard labour for both Krumey and Hunsche, said he would Feuchtwanirer (London) Ltd. appeal against both verdicts, Krumey and Hunsche were charged with Bankers preparing and directing the deportation of Hungarian Jews to the Auschwitz death camp. Krumey as head of Eichmann's " special com­ BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 mand " in Budapest and Hunsche as Krumey's liaison officer at the Berlin S.S. headquarters. Telephone: METropolitan 8151 The presiding judge said that Hunsche and Krumey's membership of the Eichmann coni- Representing : mnnd was not proof that they actually had I L FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD I FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION taken part in criminal actions. The West German Trade Union Federation TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA | 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK. 17. N Y. has lodged a strong protest against the verdicts. AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 Page 3 bis zmn 31. Dezember 1965 gestellt werden. NOVELLE ZUM OESTERREICHISCHEN Wir empfehlen unseren Lesern die sich aus dieser gesetzUchen Neubestimmung ergeben­ den Moeglichkeiten .sorgfaeltig zu pmefen und OPFERFUERSORGEGESETZ zu erwaegen, ob es nicht in ihrem Interesse ist hievon Gebrauch zu machen, Z. Gewerbliches Selbstaendigen Pensions- Das Opferfuersorgegesetz vom 4. Juli 1947 2. Berufsausbildungentschaedigung Versichemngsgesetz ist die Grundlage fuer die Wiedergutmachung, Die Anspruchsberechtigung auf die Ent­ Die sogenannten Uebergangspensionen nach die Oesterreich den Opfern der nationalsozia­ schaedigung auf Gmnd des Opferfuersorge­ diesem Gesetz wurden einheitUch ab 1, Jaenner hstischen Verfolgung und ihren Hinterblie­ gesetzes fuer voelligen Abbmch oder mindes­ 1965 um 9% erhoeht. Die Erhoehung wird benen gewaehrt hat. Dass von Anfang an tens dreieinhalbjaehrige Unterbrechung der gleichfalls in zwei Etappen gezahlt, und zwar lediglich (und auch noch spaeterhin vornehm- Schul- Oder Bemfsausbildung ist und bleibt die Haelfte der Erhoehung ab 1. Jaenner 1965 lich) an Fuersorge fuer Beduerftige gedacht auf derzeitige oesterreichische Staatsange­ und der voile Erhoehungsbetrag ab 1. JuU war, war ein unglueckseliges Beginnen. All- hoerige beschraenkt; Nicht-Oesterreicher 1965. niaehUch, durch vielfache Novellierungen, sowie " Nicht-mehr-Oesterreicher" konnten Die Neubemessung der Leistungen wird von wurde jedoch aus dem Opferfuersorgegesetz aus diesem Titel eine Zuwendung vom Hilfs­ Amts wegen vorgenommen. ein zwar keineswegs voll befriedigendes, aber fonds beanspmchen. C. KAPRALIK inamerhin nicht unerhebliche Entschaedigungs­ Bisher war dieser Ansrpuch von der wesent­ leistungen gewaehrendes Gesetz; die Hilfs- Uchen Voraussetzung abhaengig, dass Abbmch VERSCHLEUDERTE ODER UNVERKAUFT fondsgesetzgebung brachte fuer die Emigran­ Oder Unterbrechung nach Vollendung des 14. ZURUECKGELASSENE GRUNDSTUECKE ten wesentliche zusaetzliche Verbesserungen. Lebensjahres erfolgt waren. Jetzt gebuehrt Nun ist durch 17. Opferfuersorgegesetz­ die Entschaedigung auch im Falle des Ein­ Eine Entscheidung zum Lastenausgleichsgesetz novelle vom 16. Dezember 1964 (BGBl. tritts einer solchen Schaedigung ohne Rueck­ Die Dritte Kammer des Verwaltungsgerichts 307/1964) das Opferfuersorgegesetz neuerUch sicht auf das damalige Alter, also bereits vor Kassel (Aktenzeichen VG III/345/62) hat abgeaendert und ergaenzt worden. Fuer den Vollendung des 14. Lebensjahres. kuerzlich die Klage eines Heimatvertriebenen Personenkreis der aus Oesterreich Stammen­ aus Oberschlesien, der jetzt in Nordhessen den sind folgende Neuerungen von Belang : 3. Rentenfuersorge wohnt, gegen das Land Hessen wegen Aus­ !• Haftentschaedigung Diese Fuersorgemassnahmen kommen nur schluss von Schadensfeststellungen und Aus­ einem relativ kleinen Kreis von Emigranten gleichsleistungen nach dem Lastenausgleichs­ a) Bisher konnte diese Entschaedigung gesetz abgewiesen. Der Klaeger hatte 1939 in licht von Personen beansprucht werden, deren (derzeitige oesterreichische Staatsbuerger, soweit sie vom alten Hilfsfonds keine Zuwen­ seiner Heimatstadt ein Grundstueck, das zwei Einkommen im Jahre 1955 oder im Jahre 1960 juedischen Buergern gehoerte, unter dem Je 72.000 oesterreichische SchiUing (£1,000) dungen erhalten haben) zugute. Fuer sie ist von Belang, dass ihre Unterhaltsrenten und Einheitswert gekauft, den Kaufpreis jedoch ueberstiegen hatte. Dies wurde vor allem in Witwen—und Waisenbeihilfen erhoeht wurden nicht an die Eigentuemer, sondern auf ein Westeuropa und Uebersee als arge Haerte und sowie ein Hilflosenzuschuss eingefuehrt wurde. Sperrkonto gezahlt. Nach seiner Vertreibung Unbilligkeit empfunden. Nunmehr ist die Alle Renten- und Beihilfeempfaenger werden stellte er Entschaedigungsanspmeche nach Einkommeusbeschraenkung beseitigt worden. ferner in Hinkunft zweimal im Jahre Sonder- dem Lastenausgleichsgesetz, verschwieg aber Alle Anspruchsberechtigten koennen daher die zahlungen in der Hoehe der ihnen zustehenden dem Ausgleichsamt, dass er das Gmndstueck Zuerkennung der Haftentschaedigung im einmonatlichen Rentenfuersorgeleistungen von Juden erworben hatte, die dem national­ vollen Umfang beim Amt der Wiener Landes­ erhalten. sozialistischen Dmck ausgesetzt waren. Das regierung, Magistrats-Abteilung 12, Wien L, Kasseler Gericht entschied, dass Antragsteller, Schottenring/Gonzagagasse, beantragen—auch Die Erwartung ist nicht unbegmendet, dass die bei der Anmeldung von Vertreibungs­ wenn ihren Antraegen frueher mit Ruecksicht eine kuenftige Novelliemng des Opferfuer­ schaeden die Tatsache des Erwerbs juedischen ^nf die nunmehr abgeschaffte Einkommens- sorgegesetzes weitere Ergaenzungen und Ver­ Eigentums verschweigen, sich durch dieses Srenze nicht stattgegeben worden war. bessemngen bringen wird. Taeuschungsmanoever von der Gewaehrung Dieses Amt ist fuer alle Antraege auf Grund F. L. BRASSLOFF von Lastenausgleichsanspmechen aus­ des Opferfuersorgegesetzes zustaendig. Die OESTERREICHISCHE SOZIALGESETZ- schliessen. Antragstellung ist weiterhin nicht befristet. GEBUNG Wenn die Erwerber derartiger Gmnd- . b) Bisher stand Witwen oder Lebensgefaehr­ Das oesterreichische Parlament hat im stuecke Anspmeche unter dem Lastenaus­ tinnen und hinterbliebenen Kindern nach nicht Dezember 1964 eine Reihe von Massnahmen gleichsgesetz angemeldet haben, so sind die inehr lebenden Opfem die Haftentschaedigung beschlossen, die fuer unsere Leser von fuer sie zustaendigen Ausgleichsaemter auch ^. Hinterbliebenen Eltem und Geschwistern Interesse sind. fuer die Entscheidung von Lastenausgleichsan­ Konnte die Entschaedigung zuerkannt werden 1. Angestellten-Versicbening spmechen der juedischen Voreigentuemer ~-iedoch nur. wenn sie mit dem Opfer zur Ab 1, Jaenner 1965 wurden die Pensionen (d.h. der Verfolgten) zur Entscheidung im ~eit seiner Inhaftnahme im gemeinsamen entsprechend dem Jahr in dem der "Ver- gemeinsamen Verfahren zustaendig. Von Haushalt gelebt hatten, von ihm zum ueber- sichemngsfall" eingetreten ist (Erreichung Ausgewanderten unverkauft zumeckgelassene *iegenden Teil erhalten worden waren und des pensionsfaehigen Alters, Invaliditaet, Gmndstuecke konnten von der fmeheren 6ine soziale Beduerftigkeit gegeben ist. bezw. Tod), wie folgt erhoeht : — Reichsfinanzverwaltung erworben werden und Nunmehr koennen unter den gleichen Eintritt des Versichemngs- Erhoehung der der Kaufpreis wurde an diese entrichtet. Diese "oraussetzungen wie Eltern und Geschwister falles im Jahre : Pension um Erwerber werden jetzt bei der Schadensfest- fuch Witwer und Lebensgefaehrten die % setzung so gestellt, als ob sic diesen Kaufpreis Haftentschaedigung beanspruchen. 1959 und frueher 9 bei Kriegsende noch besessen haetten. Infolge­ e) Eine sehr wichtige Neuemng besteht 1960 8.7 dessen wird fuer die Erwerber ein Schaden an ^arin, dass HinterbUebenen nicht nur fuer 1961 8.6 Anspmechen und Beteiligungen (geldwerter Haft des Opfers eine Entschaedigung zusteht, 1962 7.8 Anspmch) festgestellt waehrend fuer die Ver­ sondern auch wenn das Opfer beim Versuch, 1963 5.3 folgten die Schadensfeststellung nach dem ^ich der Verhaftung zu entziehen, getoetet 1964 1.9 entzogenen Objekt erfolgt. ^orden war oder wegen einer ihm unmittelbar Diese Pensionserhoehung wird in zwei orohenden Verhaftung Selbstmord begangen Etappen gewaehrt, und zwar wird fuer das hatte. Der Entschaedigungsbetrag belaeuft erste Halbjahr 1965 die Haelfte des Erhoe- ^leh auf mindestens 10,000 6,S. hungsbetrages gewaehrt, waehrend ab 1. JuU Gorto Radiovision d) Die Hoehe der Haftentschaedigung haengt 1965 die Erhoehung in vollem Ausmasse von der Dauer der Haft ab, Nachweisschwierig- Service gebuehrt. (Member R.T.R.A.) ^eiten haben oft. besonders fuer gerichtliche Die Neubemessung der Pensionen erfolgt iind polizeiliche Haft, in der Vergangenheit zu von Amts wegen. 13 Frognal Parade, ^rgen Haerten gefuehrt. Die Novelle bestimmt, Es ist ferner von Interesse, dass Personen, Finchley Road, N.W.3 dass Lm Falle von Anhaltung in gerichtlicher die im Wege der Zahlung freiwilliger Beitrage SALES REPAIRS JJ,iid poiizeilicher Haft der 9. Mai 1945 als weiterversichert sind, beantragen koennen, ^ndtae der Haft gilt—es sei denn, dass der Agents for Bush, Pye, Philips, Ferranti, dass die Beitragsgrandlage bis auf S 4.800.— Grundig, etc. irueher eingetretene Tod durch eine oeffent­ monatUch erhoeht wird. Die Erhoehung ist Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week Uche Urkunde oder durch eine gerichtliche allerdings nur zulaessig. wenn der Versicherte Mr. Gort will always be pleased to ^odeserklaerung bswiesen ist. Dies stellt eine ein der beantragten hoeheren Beitragsgrund­ advise you. pUgleichung an die bereits fuer Konzentra- lage entsprechendes Gesamteinkommen nach­ (HAM, 8635) "onslagerhaft geltende Regelung dar. weisen kann. Ein solcher Antrag kann nur Page 4 AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 NEWS FROM ABROAD JEWRY IN THE EAST Death Penalties AMERICAN JEWRY FRANCE Reports of economic trials in which the President's Aide death penalty has been imposed have been less Neo-Nazi Youths in Calais frequent in the Soviet press, but they are stiu Mr. Myer Feldman, special counsel to Presi­ Five youths wearing swastikas and display­ continuing. A Minsk newspaper reported deatn dent Kennedy and later to President Johnson, ing pictures of Hitler, were arrested by Calais sentences on a man and his wife, both Jews, and also personal adviser to both Presidents police after a series of thefts in the city. They accused of stealing food from a store managed on Jewish Affairs, has resigned, together with shouted " Heil Hitler " and sang Nazi songs all by the man, and of black market dealings m a number of other White House aides who night after their arrest. gold. Another newspaper reported that four served with the Kennedy administration. Jews and a non-Jew had recently been executed President Johnson accepted Mr. Feldman's The youths, who were found by police com­ for embezzling milUons of roubles. resignation regretfully and reluctantly. His piling a list of Calais Jews for " future extermination", belong to the " National- Matzo Supply in U.S.S.R. new special adviser is also a Jew, Mr. Lee Socialist Proletarian Party " which has a dozen White. youthful members from well-to-do families. Asked about matzo supplies in the Soviet Protest to Soviet Union They told an inquiry that they had committed Union during the coming Passover, Mr. ver­ the thefts for " political motives " and to pro­ gelis said that " they will be assured m Thousands of people attended a rally in mote their ideals. The group had assembled sufficient quantity ". There has, however, been New York protesting against the situation of a stock of arms, explosives and swastika no governmental assurance about matzo the Jews in the Soviet Union. A message of uniforms and met in front of a Nazi flag. suppUes and the Soviet Jewish community has support was read from Mr. Hubert Humphrey, The 17-year-old " Fuehrer " of the group told received no undertakings.—(J.C,) the American Vice-President. a journalist that he had given up the Catholic Mr. Robert Kennedy, newly elected Senator faith to become " Hitler's soldier, serving the SOUTH AMERICA for New York, was among the speakers at the Aryan cause ". He intended going to Argentina Argentina rally, where a bronze plaque with the inscrip­ " where one is free to be a Nazi".—(J.C.) tion, " Hear the cry of the oppressed—the The police have reported the discovery of Jewish community of the Soviet Union ", was Paris Streets Renamed a vast Nazi-inspired anti-Jewish plot .J" dedicated at the Zichron Ephraim Synagogue. Argentina. After a running gun battle witn The plaque has been fixed on the synagogue Albert Kahn, who created the " Japanese extremists, who fled leaving behind war plan^> wall facing the building of the Soviet Mission Gardens", is to have a Paris square named arms and uniforms, documents were seized to the United Nations. Mr. Kennedy called after him. A street is also to be named after including Usts of synagogues, Jewish schools for renewed efforts by Catholics and Protes­ the founder of the Federation of Former and other institutions, and a "black-list ' oi tants as well as American Jews in the cam­ Deportees and Internees, Colonel Manhes. 100 Jewish business leaders who were paign, saying that the Soviet Union paid apparently to be targets for assassination- attention to protests. NETHERLANDS "CONSCIOUS JEWS" Adolf Eichmann's son appears to be h"^? The plaque was called " a living monument According to Dr, I, Dasberg, chairman of with the organisation. The Minister of tne to awaken the moral conscience of the world " the Nederlands Israelitish Kerkgenootschap, Interior said that the Government was com­ to the pUght of Soviet Jewry by Rabbi Arthur an Orthodox Ashkenazi organisation, the mitted to discovering and checking antisemitic Schneier, minister of the Zichron Ephraim nucleus of " conscious Jews" in Holland is, activities and to the eradication of conspiracies Congregation. He said it was the " destiny " relatively speaking, larger than before the war. and his Under-Secretary gave an assurance of his congregation because of its location Dr. Dasberg was one of three Jewish leaders to that effect to a delegation of Argentinian " to remind the world of this issue". The interviewed on a Dutch radio station about the Jews. The "United Front Against Anti­ rally adopted an appeal of conscience urging speech at the Zionist Congress by Dr. Nahum semitism " said the resurgence of Nazism was the Soviet Government " in the name of Goldmann, when the president of the World a grave danger to Argentina. The opposition humanity " to " end all discrimination against Zionist Organisation referred to threatened Democratic Party attacked the Governments its Jewish community" and to restore the assimilation in many countries. tolerance of antisemitism and the fact that religious and cultural rights of the Jews in Rabbi J, Soetendorp of the Liberal con­ Argentina was known throughout the worm the U,S,S.R. More than 100 American theolo­ gregation said there was renewed interest in as a refuge for Nazi war criminals. gians, writers, educators and political and Judaism among young people. Professor S. Chile judicial leaders, both Jews and non-Jews, Kleerekoper, who represented " non-religious signed the appeal, which appeared as a full- Jews", declared that assimilation was a Franz Pfeiffer, a Chilean Nazi leader, was page advertisement in " The New York sociological phenomenon, which could not be sentenced to three years' imprisonment in Times ". stopped where Jews formed only a small Santiago for trying to burn a Jewish cluD Ort's Plans minority.—(J.C) building. The accused protested in court tnai he was being gaoled for his political beueis- A budget of almost $10J million (about GREECE He said that he had reported to George Lincoln £3,587,000), the highest in history, was Rockwell (the American "Fuehrer") tnai approved at the 43rd annual conference of the Camp Children's Art Exhibition " the Jews were in such a panic " (in Chile; American Ort Federation held in New York. An exhibition of drawings by Jewish that they had to force his imprisonment to Training is planned for 41,000 pupils in 600 children who were later killed with their keep him " from continuing to give the Chilean technical schools in 22 countries. The num­ parents at Theresienstadt death camp in people the truth ".—(J.C.) ber of pupils at Ort schools in Israel will be Czechoslovakia, was opened in Athens, The doublet! to 14,000, About 10 per cent of the drawings had been smuggled out of the camp NUTRITION IN MOROCCO funds will be provided by the American Joint A C.B.F.-Ose Scheme Distribution Committee and the rest is as wrapping paper. expected from American and foreign contribu­ The exhibition was organised by the Jewish The Central British Fund and Ose, both of tions.—(J,C.) community and the Greco-Czechoslovak which are affiliated to the United Kingdom League. Crown Princess Irene of the Hellenes Freedom from Hunger Campaign, have under­ was among the many prominent Greeks who taken to finance a Family Nutrition Scheme in attended the opening. Morocco which is to cost about £8,000. ^j* You/ HeuM /•<.— The organisers were warned by telephone 1963, a pilot project to improve infant nutri­ by the Neo-Nazi Organisation of Greece that tion was financed by the two organisations. CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, if they went ahead with their plans they would This concentrated on teaching mothers how to UPHOLSTERY have to " pay" for their "sympathy towards feed infants and young children from six the Jews ", There were, however, no incidents, months to three years. It was badly neeaea because infectious diseases and malnutrition iPtciAiny CURBING HATE PROPAGANDA were rife, largely due to lack of understanding IN CANADA of hygiene, sanitation and food values. CONTINENTAL DOWN The Canadian Minister of Justice, Mr, Guy Within eight months the pilot scheme pr<^ Favreau, has appointed a seven-member com­ duced highly encouraging results. Health ana mittee to study the problem of hate propaganda nutrition education was directed at the f^? nt QUILTS I and to recommend what legal steps the as a unit and mothers were taught to adapi ALSO RE-MAKES ANO RE-COVERS Government might take to curb it. family meals to meet the needs of tneir The dissemination of hate literature, most children. will iiJIIAATti FUEB of it antisemitic, has been a growing problem Under the new project an initial survey in Canada, and the External Affairs Committee be made to find out the dietary and food haDiK' of the Canadian House of Commons is con­ of famiUes and their relation to health d'S' DAWSON-LANE LIMITED sidering two Bills on the subject. orders. The ensuing practical programme will 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK The committee met the Minister of Justice include nutritional rehabilitation, treatmem to receive studies by law officers of the Crown of associated ill health, education in the form Telephone : ARN. 6671 into the problem of hate literature. Mr. of cooking demonstrations in a family f^^**'"j Favreau is hopeful that the committee will be centre, group discussions with parents ano Personal attention of Mr. W. Shackoian. able to produce recommendations very soon.— home visiting to help famiUes put w^.at tney (J.C.) learn into practice under home conditions. AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 Page 5 ANGLO-JUDAICA HOME NEWS Chief Rabbinate GROUP PREJUDICE AND ASSIMILATION COMMONWEALTH HONOURS The special committee of the Chief Rabbi­ nate conference met again to consider a draft Professor Cyril Bibby, principal of the Major-General Paul Alfred Cullen, of report on the committee's deliberations con­ Kingston-upon-HuU Training College, gave the Sydney, has been appointed C,B,E. (MiUtary cerning the mode of appointing a new Chief ninth Noah Barou Memorial Lecture arranged Division) in the New Year Honours List. The Rabbi and the problems of his office. Dr. by the World Jewish Congress (British general holds a number of communal positions. Israel Brodie is due to retire in April. The |ection). Speaking on "The Roots of Mr. David Mandie, president of the 1965 stage of drawing up a short list of candidates RaciaUsm", Professor Bibby put forward the Moses Montefiore Homes Appeal in Melbourne, has not yet been reached. view that no ohjective analysis of raciaUsm formerly president of the Young Men's Hebrew can neglect the fact that as long as a minority Association, has been appointed M.B.E. Meat Prices remains a separate group it is likely that raciaUst prejudice will be directed against it. FREE SPEECH FOR MOSLEY The rise in meat prices caused London's Stressing that he was not expressing an After a stormy council debate, the Conser­ kosher butchers to ask the Chief Rabbi to opinion about the desirability or otherwise of vative-controlled Paddington Borough Council meet them for talks. One of the questions assimilation, Professor Bibby said he was approved by 28 votes to 16 the hiring of the put by the butchers to Dr. Brodie was why merely pointing out the quite likely result Porchester Hall for a meeting of Mosley's hindquarter meat may not be used after of non-assimilation of minority groups. It Union Movement on March 16, Councillor porging. One solution towards reducing the Was not socially desirable at present to allow James Collins, a Jew was among the Conser­ present high price of kosher meat is thought ghettoes" to develop in Britain, Any vative members who spoke in favour of the to be the use of hindquarter meat. minority group which maintained its own motion. schools, for example, was objectively contribut­ Leading the Labour attack on this action, Sir Rex Cohen Honoured ing to the maintenance of prejudice. The Councillor Cecil Genese proposed a motion The Merseyside Jewish Welfare Council poisonous roots" of racialism should be expressing abhorrence of all groups which held a reception in honour of Sir Rex Cohen, destroyed now, before they did great harm, incited racial prejudice and calUng for the its president since 1947, and Lady Cohen, to cancellation of the hiring because it would mark the conferment of the knighthood on AGAINST RACIALISM expose large numbers of citizens to racial Sir Rex last year. Lord Cohen of Birkenhead insult. Alderman W, Parkes assured the Posters calling for a ban on racial discrimi­ moved a resolution of congratulation to Sir council of the Conservatives' unanimous Rex and Lady Cohen, and Sir Rex was pre­ nation greeted Mr. Peter Griffiths, Tory M.P. disgust of racial hatred and discrimination, tor Smethwick, when he arrived at Carshalton, sented with a copy of the text of the resolu­ but added that the result of the Labour tion inscribed on parchment. ourrey, to address a conference of Young motion would be to prohibit the right of free Tories, speech in a public hall. Music Month Some 300 demonstrators of the Sutton Anti- In a letter to the Jewish Chronicle Major Apartheid Committee then marched to Car­ Collins pointed out that he was and always The fifth Music Month began with a con­ shalton Council ofiices. In a letter to the Car­ had been a proud Jew and was violently cert of chazanut and choral works by the shalton Council the committee stated that to opposed to everything Mosley stands for. He London Jewish Male Choir. The Month, allow raciaUsm is " to allow those who want took the view, however, that it would be wrong arranged and sponsored by the Jewish Music to dig up the stinking corpse of Nazism free­ for the Council to renounce an existing con­ Council, under the chairmanship of the Rev, dom to take the road that history teaches led tract and his action was taken in support of Reuben Turner, consisted of some 20 con­ to Belsen, Sharpeville and Stanleyville, There­ the important principle of the sanctity of con­ certs, recitals and lectures, and included a fore we ask the council to urge the Home tracts. special symphony concert given by the Ben secretary to hurry up with the legislation that The minister and honorary ofiicers of the Uri Orchestra in the newly built St, John's the Govemment is pledged to introduce to Bayswater Synagogue have made an appeal to Wood Synagogue. Youth organisation such ban racial discrimination and incitement to Councillor J. Gillet, Mayor of Paddington, to as the A,J,Y,, Bnei Akiva and Sinai, were racial hatred". reverse the decision of Paddington Borough particularly interested in arranging major functions. During the inception of the Month, SCHOOL PROBLEMS Council. In a letter the mayor was asked to resolve in future cases to acquire from all many new works have been written and played Mr. A, I. Polack, education officer of the applicants for the hire of the Porchester Hall for special performances and young and Council of Christians and Jews, addressed the an undertaking that their use of the hall will unknown artists have been given an opportu­ Anglo-Israel Society at Israel House, Hamp­ not serve any purpose associated with dis­ nity to appear in public. stead, on the problems facing Jewish children crimination on the grounds of race, creed or Tribute to Albert Schweitzer at EngUsh schools. Although denominational colour. schools have many advantages, said Mr. Polack, On the occasion of Dr. Albert Schweitzer's It is better for children of different denomina­ STUDENT WORK 90th birthday, representatives of many reli­ tions to mix together and to get to know one The Israeli Embassy is co-operating with gious denominations paid tribute to him at a another in secular schools. Pupils in non- the Jewish Agency in work among Jewish meeting at the Unitarian Church headquarters. Jewish schools could be withdrawn from university students. Lady Henriques, the Jewish speaker, was reUgious assemblies and scripture classes but, The first practical implementation of this introduced as " belonging to the community |f such withdrawal led to a psychological venture was a series of three " Israel Weeks " into which Schweitzer had married ". breakdown, it was probably best for parents to held at Liverpool, Manchester and Leeds. allow their child to attend the sessions. According to Mr, Simon Tsur, the Agency's Manchester Family Week "GOLDERS GREEN AFFLUENCE" emissary to university students, the main aim Manchester's Jewish Family Week was is " to bring Israel to those who haven't been inaugurated by the Chief Rabbi, who spoke of The Rev, John A. Pearson, vicar of St, there ", The Weeks are intended for Jewish the many factors in the contemporary world Michael's the Golders Green parish church, and non-Jewish students and include lectures which militated against the Jewish ideal of told a Hampstead and Highgate Express by prominent speakers, exhibitions showing family life. Councillor Samuel Davies, a vice- reporter ; " If a Christian moves out, his house various aspects of life in Israel, films and dis­ president of the Board of Deputies, said that IS nearly always bought by Jewish people plays by Israeli folk-dancers and singers. The preparations for marriage should begin in the because they are the only ones who can afford cost of the three Weeks and all further activi­ schools. During the week a panel of speakers the present exorbitant prices ", He was also ties is shared by the Agency and the Embassy, addressed groups of boys and girls in schools quoted as saying: " Golders Green might SOVIET LEADER'S VISIT in the city. Other events were a talk to become a community without a church if women on " The Jewish Attitude to Sex " an^ Jewish famiUes continue to move in in place Mr, Maurice Edelman, president of the an address to a meeting of Torah Va'Avodah of Christians". Subsequent correspondence Anglo-Jewish Association, has called for a on " Jewish Family Life ". in the paper criticised the vicar's remarks. united communal approach on Russian Jewry's Some letters even suggested that the comments behalf to the Soviet Prime Minister, who will Theresienstadt Paintings were antisemitic. Mr. Pearson has since shortly be visiting London. Speaking to the denied this in a letter pubUshed in the paper. Association's council, Mr. Edelman said that An exhibition at Liverpool's Walker Art The matter has been investigated by the the hope that the successors of Mr. Khmschev Gallery featured " Paintings from Terezin", Council of Christians and Jews. In a state­ in the Kremlin would initiate a more humane lent by the " Lidice Shall Live " committee. ment to the Jewish Chronicle, the Rev. and enlightened attitude towards the Jewish Eighty-six paintings executed by four Czecho­ W, W, Simpson, its general secretary, said that minority had not been fulfilled, A great slovak artists while they were in Terezin the vicar's article "reflects simply the effort was required by world Jewry to include (Theresienstadt) concentration camp were bewilderment and, in some measure, frustra­ a change of heart on the part of the Soviet exhibited. These were hidden by camp resis­ tion felt by many a clergyman faced with a leaders, who had shown that they were not tance groups who either walled them in or declining church membership in an area with insensitive to the mounting waves of protest buried them in the ground. The Czecho­ a changing pattern of community life ", He that their anti-Jewish policy caused. slovak Ambassador opened the exhibition, was quite satisfied, however, that the vicar was The occasion of Mr, Kosygin's visit should which was attended by many members of the inspired neither by malicious nor antisemitic be utiUsed by the community here to mobilise Liverpool Jewish community. The Lord feelings in anything he had said or written,— its strength and to make a united approach Mayor (Alderman L. Caplan) presided at the (J.C.) to the Russian leader on Soviet Jewry's behalf. opening ceremony. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION March, 1965

SENTENCES FROM THE GERMAN SCENE A Munich court has sentenced Josef Ober­ hauser, a former S.S. officer, to 4J years' hard THIRD PROGRAMME ON JEWS IN SHADOWS OF THE PAST labour, on charges of compUcity in the Mr- GERMANY Search for Criminals time murder of more than 300,000 Jews at Commissioned by the Canadian Broadcasting Belzec concentration camp in Nazi-occupied Corporation last summer to try to solve the Answering a world-wide appeal by the West Poland. Oberhauser is to appeal. enigma of Germany's 30,000-strong Jewish German Government for help in obtaining Ex-S.S. Lieutenant Hans-Walter Zech-Nennt­ community, Mr. Raoul Engel visited Cologne, evidence for the prosecution of Nazi criminals, wich was gaoled for ten months in Brunsw^k Bonn, Frankfurt, Duesseldorf and West Berlin, the United States Government has told for escaping from prison last April. He interviewing people in their homes, offices Germany that it would continue to assist. escaped to Cairo soon after beginning to serve and universities. The result was a documen­ The Department recalled that over 80 per a sentence cf four years' hard labour on tary, "Jews in Germany", broadcast in the cent of German documents previously stored charges of complicity in the deaths of 5,200 BBC Third Programme. Asked why they chose in Washington had been returned. These Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland. His accom­ to return to Germany, those who had come documents continue to be available at the pUces, Margit Steinheuer and Rosemarie back could not give very convincing answers. BerUn Documents Centre, at the National Holtbrueggemann, received six months and It was pointed out that not all the German Archives in Washington, and at the Congress three months suspended sentences respec­ Jews are repatriates. Some are former D.P.s Library. Officials, however, expressed doubt tively. Dietrich Zeeman, a warder who or survivors of the holocaust inside Germany. that any new evidence would be found in the unlocked six doors for Zech-Nenntwich to Of those who came back most are middle- documents relating to the Third Reich as the escape, was sentenced to 18 months' gaol as aged or elderly, and the interviewer explained files had been thoroughly searched in the an accompUce. that they had returned for the sake of pensions past—(J.C.) During the Duesseldorf trial of ten former or indemnification, not out of patriotism or guards at TrebUnka death camp. Dr. Hans sentiment. Ambassador Accused Globke, former State Secretary and aide to Regarding the relationship between Jews and Dr. Konrad Adenauer, appeared as a defence Germans, a leading West BerUn rabbi spoke witness. Dr. Globke said he only heard about of the friendship and understanding that exists An East German radio programme accused the wartime shootings at the camp from between West BerUners and the local Jewish Dr. Ernst-Guenther Mohr, the West German returning " hoUday-makers ". He considered community, A German referred to the " moral Ambassador to Argentina, of having taken a it senseless to oppose the executions because obligation " owed to the Jews by the Federal leading part in deporting Dutch Jews to Maut­ it would have been useless. RepubUc, But a Jewish student spoke of hausen death camp during the war. It was antisemitic tendencies among bourgeois young stated that reports by Bene, the Nazi Party S.S. OFFICER REHABILITATED Germans and there were comments in support chief in Holland, and Dr. Mohr, his deputy, On the findings of an inquiry ordered last of Hitler by pupils at a junior high school in on the deportations, had been preserved and year, and after years of campaigning by his Frankfurt. had already been used in evidence in the widow, former S.S. Lieutenant Kurt Gerstein Nuremberg trials, and that the two men had has been rehabiUtated and honoured for his ATTITUDE TO NAZI PAST written in 1943 that 100,000 of 140,000 Dutch Jews had been deported. long struggle against the Nazi murder of Jews. A German denazification court declared Mgr. Lorenz Freiberger, editor of the Bonn's official attitude has always been that Gerstein an " incriminated " Nazi in 1950, even " Muenchener Katholische Kirchenzeitung ", a the charges are unfounded. though he was found dead of unknown causes leading West German Catholic periodical, has in a French prison in 1945, Before he died stated that if trials of Nazi criminals were con­ Oslo Gestapo Chief tinued the attitude of the German people to he wrote a document on Nazi persecution or the Nazi past might well undergo a rapid and the Jews, During Frau Gerstein's fight against radical change. The question would certainly Helmut Reinhard, the head of the Gestapo the court's ruUng, she was supported by then be asked why there were no trials against in Oslo during the war, who was arrested in Jewish organisations in Germany. foreign citizens responsible for the crimes 1964, is standing trial in Baden-Baden. He is Gerstein joined the Nazi Party but was against the German people during and after charged with responsibiUty for the deportation arrested by the Gestapo on reUgious grounds. the war, he wrote. of Jews. Another Gestapo man, by the name Later he was released and joined the S.S. ' to of Wagner, a wartime assistant of Reinhard, find out what was going on".—(J.C.) Opposing proposals for extending the statute has also been mentioned in connection with of limitation on the prosecution of Nazi crimi­ SPANDAU PRISONERS nals, Mgr, Freiberger expressed the view that the arrest. Wagner was sentenced to death the German people had done enough towards by the Norwegians after the war, but his Baldur von Schirach, 57, former Nazi youth overcoming their Nazi past and learning from sentence was commuted to Ufe imprisonment leader, was transferred from Spandau gaol.to it. They had paid reparations for Nazi crimes, and he was later released and went to West the British military hospital in West Berlin. tolerated the expulsion of many Germans from Germany. He is suffering from a detached retina of the their homes and suffered as a result of war­ The Norwegian C.I.D. are collecting evidence eye. time destmction and post-war dismantUng.— in the case. Von Schirach's 20-year sentence expires (J.C) " Dagbladet", an Oslo daily, has questioned next year. The other two Nazi leaders stiU the length of time that elapsed between the in Spandau are Rudolf Hess, Hitler's former end of the war and Reinhard's arrest, criticis­ deputy, and Albert Speer, Nazi economic chief. ing West Germany for not informing Norway Don't suffer fron ttie effects of DRY MR caused by of it. The paper advocated the extradition of Reinhard to Norway. The Norwegian attorney-general has said that the authorities Central-Heating have not yet decided whether or not to apply for Reinhard's extradition. " Mein Kampf " Commenting on reports from Mexico that publication of Hitler's "Mein Kampf" was being planned there, a Government spokesman in Munich stated that the Bavarian State Government will not allow a new edition of the book to be published and will take legal action to prevent it, if necessary, A state­ ment of the Bavarian Government's attitude has been published in the official Mex'can gazette. Church Posts INSTALL A HUMIDIFIER The Rev, Arnold Haumann, who is an on your Radiator and be free from an unpleasant Evangelical vicar in Essen and was a Ueutenant and unhealthy atmosphere. in the German Army, has alleged that former active supporters of the Nazi regime hold INEXPENSIVE—NO RUNNING COSTS influential posts in the Catholic and Evangelical (Churches in West Germany. Ask (or details (rom : The vicar criticised both Churches for build­ ing a " wall of silence " round the Nazi past, The Humidifier Co. thus screening both Nazi crimes and those who 25 Bridge Rood, Wembley Pork, Middx participated in them. Failure to remove all Nazi sympathisers from official positions in ARNold 7603 the Church would, he warned, harm Chris­ tianity in the Federal Republic. AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 Page 7 Erich Gottgetreu Old Acquaintances Milestones: Karl Freuud, who received an HEINE'S LAST RESTING-PLACE " Oscar" for his camera work on " Good Earth " and who has filmed nearly every star, A Visit to Montniartre including Greta Garbo, celebrated his 75th birthday at Beverly Hills. He started in BerUn with E. A. Dupont on " Kinder der On celebrating my retum to Paris, 1 larger sculptured one—two years after the Finsternis", starring Hans Mierendorff and naturally decided to visit the Montmartre erection of the first major Heine memorial of Margarete Kupfer, and on Galeen's " Golem ", cemetery, but could scarcely beUeve my eyes contemporary merit in—New York, for with Paul Wegener and Albert Steinrueck. It when I discovered that the excellent Guide- Duesseldorf, the poet's birthplace, and other was his idea to produce " BerUn—Symphonie MicheUn, while describing the tombs of 15 German cities were still a long way from einer Grossstadt", with W. Ruttmann, and his important people and families, failed to making such a gesture. And this was a period work on Murnau's " Tartuffe" and " Der mention the last resting-place of Heinrich of great civic pride when a highly decorated letzte Mann" and on Fritz Lang's " Metro­ Heine. The Ust of graves includes those of monument was considered to be the supreme polis " is unforgotten.—Dr. Hans Flesch, who Labiche, Rocheford, Waldeck-Rousseau, Meil- mark of recognition. The new tombstone in during and after the war worked for the hac, Gautier, the Goncourt brothers, Alfred Montmartre—incidentally erected with the Austrian branch of B.B.C. and was president Vienna, where he now Uves. more famous and larger Pere-Lachaise. But inscribed in somewhat smaller letters "Frau why is just Heine excluded from this gallery Heine". Some verses of the Wandermilden Germany: Peter Zadek has successfully of immortals ? are cut into the stone slab. The finely adapted and directed "Fings Ain't Wot They Heine lived in Paris for a quarter of a executed head on the obeUsk is the work of Used t'Be" under the title of "Die alten century and spoke (although he did not write) the Danish sculptor L. Hasselris, who had also Zeiten sind vorbei" in Bremen.—Hildegard the language fluently. It was, however, not been commissioned a decade previously in his Knef win tour with Hanley's "Mrs. Dally", for this reason that the French accepted the Rome studio by the Empress Elizabeth to make directed by her husband, David Cameron.— poet as one of themselves, but rather because the bust of Heine for the Achilleion in Corfu, Thomas Fritsch, a son of Willy Fritsch and of his lyrical works which were well-translated, an actor in his own right, took part in O'Neill's although with some considerable difficulty. " 0 Wildnis " in Heidelberg.—Margarete Wall- And then there was that link of fellow-feeling Laurels and Fresh Flowers mann will produce " Turandot" at Berlin's expressed by the leading liberal spirits of the Opera.—Fritz Kortner will direct " Kabale time, including Balzac,Dumas and Victor Hugo, We read—and also have the evidence of und Liebe" in Munich.—Ernst Deutsch when the immigrant from the east settled the sensitive Austrian empress—that as the received the golden " Filmband".—Photo­ among them at the beginning of the 1830's, last century drew to its close, the first Heine grapher Alfred Eisenstaedt returned from tombstone in the Montmartre was somewhat the States to exhibit his work in Hamburg. They made him welcome and included him in neglected, Mathilde Mirat's devoted care their close circle. Friedrich Nietzsche rightly had its limitations, and after her death no recalled that the poet was known in Paris as one felt themselves really responsible for the .4usiria: Robert Stolz is to conduct " Zigeu­ the " adorable Heine" ; Saint-Beuve firmly grave. Today, the converse is true: the nerbaron", with Walter Slezak and Rudolf declared him to be a Frenchman and Thiers " new " Heine grave is one of the few in this Schock, directed by Adolf Rott, at Vienna's roundly described him as the greatest French- row of the Avenue de la Cloche that presents Volksoper.—^F. Schreyvogl has succeeded the •nan since Voltaire. . . . a well cared for appearance. A large laurel late Dr. E. Rollet as dramatic critic of Wiener Zeitung.—Egon Hilbert's contract as director Poet's Fame Disputed wreath lies at the foot of the slab. The inscription on the ribbon has been almost of Vienna's State Opera has been prolonged for another three years.—Theo Lingen will No doubt, this de-Germanising of Heine is erased by the early autumn rains, but it is still possible to make out that it was laid there appear in " Biberpelz" at the Burg ; he also 3n over-simpUfication, just as it is to stamp wrote the libretto for an opera by Alfred Uhl. mm as primarily a Jewish poet—whether done some time ago by the International Heinrich oy the pan-Germanists of Kaiser Wilhelm's Heine Society in memory and gratitude; Obituary: Wolfgang Hoffmann-Hamisch died time or by the Nazis. Heine's phenomenal bunches of fresh flowers have also been in Berlin, aged 71; the former producer yersatility and profundity cannot be contained deposited on the slab by anonymous admirers. returned from exile and worked for Radio 11 a single formula. Whatever the motives The adjoining graves, by contrast, are nearly " Freies Berlin".—The Hamburg pubUsher for GalUc Heine worship—it did and still does all forgotten and decrepit, the names they bore Christian Wegner died at the age of 71.—The exist among cultured people—the omission have weathered away and the wilderness of writer, Hans Marchwitza, who survived the from the " Green MicheUn" can only be this part of the cemetery contradicts that Nazi regime in Switzerland and was on two classed as another tragico-comical episode in picture of pedantic order that Heine's imagina- occasions awarded the East German " National- the endless chapter of disputes over Heine's ion painted one day from his sick bed, when preis ", has died in Potsdam at the age of 75.— lasting fame. he described the following scene to his close The actress Susanne Bandler, who survived . The grave and memorial at Montmartre are friend Meissner—an ironical composition Auschwitz, died in London at the early age of fl good condition and the gate-keeper, who pierced by rays of belief, as was so often the 40.—Emil Weiss, the 68-year-old cartoonist of IS visibly proud that so many renowned dead case with him, a joke that chokes back our Christian Science Monitor, died in New York ; ^e in his care, gives precise directions for laughter. he was born in Olmuetz and Uved in London finding the desired resting-place—namely close "Today", he told Meissner, as the latter for a period.—The 76-year-old cartoonist, to the Avenue de la Cloche ; the paths between records in his memoirs of his friend, "today Derso, who formed a partnership with Kelen the graves bear poetic sounding names. The I had a most consoling dream, almost a vision. which speciaUsed in " League of Nations" STave has undergone various alterations since It seemed to me that early in the moming I drawings, has died in New York. ^athilde had the smooth, round-topped stone was passing through the Cimitidre Mont­ erected with the inscription " Henri Heine" martre, where I intend to be buried one day U^.4.: Fritzi Schadl and Ludwig Donath —a simpUcity, incidentally, which was in because it is so quiet and one is less likely to participated in a reading of " Dreigroschen­ entire comformity with Heine's own wishes. be disturbed there than in the P6re la Chaise. oper ", presented by Felix G, Gerstman at New At any rate it is justified to applaud the much- The tombstones glistened in the rising sun York's Carnegie Hall and starring Lotte Lenya. maUgned Mathilde posthumously for having and, look, in front of each of them was stand­ —Erich Juhn staged a cabaret, "From the so violently opposed the proudly announced ing a pair of freshly cleaned shoes, slippers Donau via Spree to the Hudson ", with Lilia plan of his brother, Freiherr Gustav von or boots, according to whether the sleeper Skala, Elisa Loti and Fritz Spielmann, for the Heine in Vienna, to erect an enormous show­ beneath was a woman, girl or man. It was " Austrian Forum" and the readers of piece of granite and marble, which would cost like in a big hotel where the Boots has gone Aufbau.—Peter Stadlmeyer, son-in-law of the him ten thousand francs, in memory of the round very early from door to door, carefully iate pubUsher Kurt Wolff, has succeeded H, E. departed poet whom he formerly derided as and discreetlv distributing the footwear. They Holthusen as director of New York's Goethe­ the "enfant terrible" of the family. Gustav were all still slumbering down there in their haus.—Berlin-born Mike Nichols directed the Von Heine, who held the post of editor-in-chief tombs, but the freshly cleaned shoes glistened Broadway hit, " Luv ", and is to produce the of the Wiener Fremdenblatt. was sufficiently magnificently, as if cleaned by an angel, and screen version of "Who's Afraid of Virginia publicity conscious to have already issued the whole picture seemed to say: yea, we Woolf?". details of the cost. shall all rise again and begin a new span of In 1900 the old tomb was replaced by a life". PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION March, 1965

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) ment has been confronted by a struggle between the values of the past and the needs of the present. . . . The gates of our leadership must be opened to new men, not identified with m "NEW LOOK" FOR ZIONIST CONGRESS any party; new groups must be given repre­ sentation on Zionist institutions; we must The slogan of the 26th Zionist Congress, caused a marked difference in the 26th Zionist break through the limitations of the present " The face towards the Golah", proved, in Congress and the three preceding Congresses inter-party structure. . ." some respects, a rather unfortunate choice. It that took place in Jerusalem. The conflict Dr. Goldmann was no less outspoken on the spotlighted the fact that the policy of the between State and Movement which had vexed organisational forms and traditions which Zionist Organisation, which is essentially a Zionist platforms ever since 1948 has given hinder the Movement in the fulfilment of its Diaspora movement (of 672 Congress delegates way to a harmonious and close co-operation. tasks. " The Movement has to open its doors and fraternal delegates, 482 came from coun­ The clashes between Ben-Gurion and Dr. wide, do away with the exclusive framework tries outside Israel), is solely determined in Nahum Goldmann had their roots in the differ­ and straitjacket of the rigid party structure. It Israel—for it is not to be assumed that Jewry ences of political alignments, and after Levi must welcome every organisation and every in the Diaspora desires to turn its face on Eshkol's assumption of the premiership Dr. individual ready to accept the Zionist pro­ itself. On the other hand, the slogan contra­ Goldmann's brand of Zionism won the day. gramme, but not ready to join one of the dicts Zionist ideology which has always recog­ existing parties. A radical reform of the Movement is overdue." Asa result, the Zionist nised the centraUty of Zion—the thoughts of Two Opposing Conceptions the Jewish people, wherever they Uve, ought Executive is to co-opt non-party members, of to be focused on Israel. which one will be a Sephardi. According to Ben-Gurion, a Zionist, if he is There was some agitation among Sephardic The reason behind this deceptive motto was to carry his convictions to their ultimate logic, groups which, complaining of discrimination, the need to secure further immigration— must settle in Israel—which in essence would demanded the setting up of a separate aliyah. For the coming two years the influx mean reducing the ranks of the Movement to a Sephardi political party. This demand was into Israel is estimated at 120,()00, largely from small band of idealists, a group of " elite ". condemned as " disastrous " by the President countries which provided the bulk of immi­ In contrast. Dr. Goldmann has striven to of the World Sephardi Federation, Mr. Denzil grants in recent years. With this the reservoir broaden the Movement by involvement of the Sebag-Montefiore, of London. Attending Con­ for potential immigration will be exhausted so-called non-Zionist groups, which would gress as an observer, he declared that the and new sources have to be tapped. In the invest it with greater moral and political political Zionist Movement which led to the view of Israel's planners, these lie to a large influence. His efforts have met with consider­ establishment of the State had been pre­ extent among Jewish youth in the Western able success. As many as 65 fraternal dele­ dominantly an effort of Ashkenazi Jews and countries. As their decision to go to Israel gates of Jewish communities and Jewish that Israel Sephardim had to " acquire Zionism would be voluntary, the educational drive to organisations attended the 26th Zionist Con­ after having come to Israel". He welcomed reach their hearts and minds will have to be gress and—an even more outstanding inno­ the decision to co-opt a Sephardi as a full given new dimensions. Therefore, the face of vation—72 representatives of Jewish youth member of the Executive as a step towards Congress has to be turned towards the Golah. organisations from 18 countries. fostering Sephardi-Ashkenazi unity. Never­ There were some sceptical voices, among A new brand of speech-making was intro­ theless, the failure of some Zionist parties to them that of David Ben-Gurion. "The deci­ duced by those youth leaders, causing some agree on the distribution of Congress mandates sions on immigration to Israel that were taken ripples in the sluggish flow of the general delayed the election of the World Zionist by the 25th Zionist Congress (i.e., four years debate. Typical was Michael Kuper, of the Executive, and inter-party squabbling and ago) have remained a dead letter. The opening South African Zionist Youth Council, who bickering went on till the very end. address delivered at the time by the President blamed " the introduction of Israel's internal Dr. Goldmann's presidential speech, lasting of the World Zionist Organisation on ' Zionism policy into the Zionist framework in the a full hour, was delivered in a free, succinct Today', in which he expressed the wish that Diaspora " for the fact that the Zionist Youth and much appreciated Hebrew, expressive of this would become a ' Congress of Immigra­ Movements encompass only a very small frac­ the newly gained contact with the Israeli tion ' as well as the resolutions . . . have tion of Jewish youth. He continued: " By public which turned the opening of Congress remained a dead letter", wrote the former exploiting the youth movements for inter- into a major occasion. Only 4,000 out of Premier to the press after he had sent back factional purposes in the Diaspora, the Zionists 8,000 applicants for tickets could be accom­ his tickets for the opening session. are destroying these movements with their modated, and this only by televising the pro­ His absence, not so much from Congress as own hands. While Israel draws the youth of ceedings from the Building of the Nations to from the leadership of Israel's Govemment, the Diaspora, ' the conservatism of the Zionist a neighbouring hall. The President of the Movement repels them.'" He was referring to the party structure on which the Zionist Organisation in most coun­ tries is built and which is regarded by many, Ackermans not only youth leaders, as an anachronism. Moshe Sharett, Chairman of the Zionist Execu­ tive, has stated this view on previous occasions. Unfortunately, illness prevented him from Chocolates participating in Congress and his viewpoint was much diminished by the absence of his De Luxe fighting personaUty. In his message, read at the opening, he said: " For a long time, the IN BEAUTIFULLT organisational structure of the Zionist Move- DESIGNED PRESENTATION BOXES MARZIPAN W. HERZ SPEOALITIES (Novelties) DIABETIC LIMITED CHOCOLATES 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., LONDON, W.8 Princess House, Eastcastle St. WES, 4359 and London, W.l 9. GOLDHURST TERRACE, FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 'Phone: MUSeum 3767 MAI. 2742 AP lOOP AJR INFORMATION March. 1965 Page 9

self", Mr, Pincus told the delegates, "that No ''Netv Look^^ for Zionist Congress the IsraeU taxpayer can increase the burden Continued from previous page that already rests on him for this work. He State, the Prime Minister and almost all mem­ Pincus declared, " propaganda which suggests will not be able to do it". bers of the Government attended. Among the this is not only going to fail but will do active The theme of immigration was once more array of diplomats most conspicuous by their harm. We cannot attract this immigration taken up by Prime Minister Levi Eshkol in absence were the representatives of the " Big unless we engender some spiritual spark that an address on " The State of Israel and the Four"_u,S,A,, Britain, France and Russia. compensates for the lack of material goods. Zionist Movement". " The State was never thought to be the That spark is Zionism." " The work of immigration and absorption main aim of the Movement", said Dr. Gold- Only Hebrew culture and Jewish education as we have known it till now is approaching iiann in his address. " It has always been can create a congenial atmosphere for aliyah, an end", he told an overflow audience of regarded as the main and indispensable instru- he continued. Of a budget of $500 millions delegates and visitors. For the second time |nent for securing our future, but still an spent since last Congress, $30 millions had the President of the State attended a Congress mstmment to be utilised for the real purpose been allocated for education. But education session and thousands of people thronged the of our survival," This spiritual survival in was also a question of trained personnel. The hall. The need for new definitions has the Diaspora, in Dr. Goldmann's opinion, is Diaspora wants more teachers from Israel become an urgent practical issue, the Premier endangered by complacency, prosperity and while Israel herself is desperately short of declared, "otherwise we will face tomorrow assimilation. Speaking of the role of religion teachers, and the shortage in Israel will armed with the weapons of yesterday". He 3s a means of survival, he said in the presence become even more acute. One day the ques­ termed the mass migration of Algerian Jewry of Israel's two Chief Rabbis, paraphrasing tion may arise—who is providing whom with to France, and of Cuban and other Latin- Clemenceau's famous words that war was much teachers ? American Jews to the United States and too serious a matter to leave it to the generals, Canada as "a grave count in the indictment against the Zionist Movement". ReUgion is much too important to leave it to Destitute New Immigrants the rabbis only". V/ithout a Jewish life among the Jewish To cut down the general debate the plenum In the four years under review 250,000 Jews people there can be no source of aliyah, and ^on dispersed into eleven committees, each have come to settle in Israel, of whom over aliyah was needed not only for Israel's peace­ .numbering as many as 60-70 members, so that 90 per cent were destitute immigrants. There ful progress, but also to enable her to meet the in practice there were eleven little Congresses were periods when the number of social cases Arab threats of annihilation. " Even with the taking place simultaneously. In the absence of was as high as 34 per cent. A brighter picture best fighting spirit it wiU be difficult to con­ Moshe Sharett, the Report of the Jewish was presented by the age stmcture, with more front the perils that threaten us without man­ Agency Executive was given by the Treasurer, than one-third of the newcomers under 16. power in sufficient quantity ", Mr. Eshkol said, Aryeh L. Pincus, encompassing all the depart- This, however, meant that the State of Israel " hence the need for an increase in our popu­ •nents which used to render separate accounts had to find schools and teachers at primary lation and our constant care to the quality of to previous Congresses. level for nearly 100,000 children in addition our Ai-my". Why is this of direct concern Mr. Pincus, talking about immigration, to the natural growth of the existing popula­ to world Jewry and to the Zionist Movement ? sounded a note of warning. Congress after tion. Many of the tasks of the Jewish Agency he asked. " If we start from the assumption Congress dealt with the problems of attracting had to be taken over by the State because that only the centrality of Israel guarantees immigration from the free world. Neither the Agency did not have the necessary funds. the continued distinct existence of the Jewish Israel nor the Jewish Agency, he said, can offer " Over 70 per cent of the housing supplied people, the development of its spirit and faciUties to compete with countries like the was done at the expense of the Israeli tax­ genius, we arrive at the conclusion that Israel's United States or Britain. Israel cannot reach payer because my budget had to be cut even security front is also the front of Jewish sur­ weir standard of Uving. "Therefore", Mr. in this vital respect. Do not delude your- vival the world over ", the Premier concluded.

AMC AJR CHARITABLE TRUST With the compliments of THE ATLANTIC METAL These are the ways in wlilch you can help: MICHAEL HORNER CO. LTD. CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER COVENANT and (in Ueu of your membership subscription GEORGE HORNER to the AJR) A Covenant commits the covenanter For for a period of seven years or for his lifetime, whichever period is shorter. Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME A BEQUEST IN YOUR WILL THE ANGLO CHEMICAL & ORE CO. LTD. Ask for particulars from : The Secretary, AJR Charitable Trust, 8 Fairfax Mansions, Palmerston House, Bishopsgate, E.C.2. 15-23 St. Pancras Way, London, N,W,3. London, N.W.I

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W. Rosenstock bidden until 1938. It seems that, apart from cases of unwarranted snobbishness, the actual reason was a certain aversion against what was —rightly or wrongly—considered by them as BEFORE THE CURTAIN FELL " ghettoisation ". A History of the "Juedische Kulturbund" This brings us to the root of the problem- We cannot get away from the fact that, but Wliilst many details about the fate of Euro­ producer was Fritz Wisten and the part of for the eUmination of the German Jews from pean Jewry during the Second World War the Dervish was played by Alfred Berliner. German cultural Ufe, the Kulturbund would have already been put on record, so far only Both had been members of the Kulturbund never have been founded. Yet it testifies to comparatively Uttle has been written about ensemble, and both had survived under­ the strength, self-respect and organisational the first act of the catastrophe which covers ground. capacity of the German Jews that they the period from 1933 up to the outbreak of The book extensively deals with the discus­ reacted to a negative event by taking positive war. During that tune the Jewish masses in sions about the question of whether and to action. As Freeden rightly puts it: The Ger­ the East and the Jewish communities in what extent the Kulturbund could help to man Jews could, of course, have refrained from Western Europe stiU lived "in peace", and promote a genuinely Jewish culture. Ulti­ initiating such a cultural institute. How­ persecution had not yet reached its vast mag­ mately this question remained unanswered, or, ever, then, hundreds of artists would have nitude and deadly intensity. The Jews in to be more exact, a negative definition was been left without means of subsistence and Germany were the first victims of a regime agreed upon, namely that Jewish culture did tens of thousands of Jews would have been which had declared unqualified Jew-hatred an not ipso facto express itself in works by denied the chance of forgetting their hostile integral part of its poUcy. Jewish authors or composers or in plays with environment at least during the few hours of Jewish characters or in translated' Yiddish a theatre or concert performance. This m Record for Posterity plays. Nevertheless, in the choice of its pro­ itself is an achievement for which all those gramme, the Kulturbund often succeeded in of us who benefited from it cannot be too It is essential to secure for posterity a stressing a specific Jewish note. On the other grateful, especially if we read in the book record of Jewish Ufe in Nazi Germany as long hand, neither Zionists nor non-Zionists about the constant threats, obstmctions and as there are witnesses who may speak from wanted to sever the German Jews from the chicaneries to which the leaders of the orga­ first-hand knowledge. We are, therefore, values of German or, as the circumscription nisation were exposed. On the other han(l. grateful to the Leo Baeck Institute that it has ad usum of the Gestapo read in those days, of it would be unjustified to claim that the Kul­ initiated and sponsored pubUcations about European culture. turbund succeeded in Inaugurating a Jewish that period. These publications include one renaissance among the German Jews. Whether volume of the Institute's "Schriftenreihe Reading quotations from articles pubUshed in 1933 we are reminded of the comparatively such a goal could have been reached even WissenschaftUcher Abhandlungen", which under less unfavourable conditions is anyhow deals with Jewish Adult Education (Ernst " mild" cUmate during that first period of the Nazi regime. Thus, in September, 1933, questionable, but that it was unattainable Simon: " Aufbau im Untergang "). Now, in Julius Bab could still write: "We have under the prevailing circumstances becomes the 12th volume of the " Schriftenreihe ", the derived our strength from a twofold root: evident from the liook. Yet within the Leo Baeck Institute has presented us with a We were, and still are, Jews and Germans, unavoidable limitations the Kulturbund history of the "Juedische Kultuibund", by and whilst in our situation it would be undig­ helped to give the German Jews the inner Herbert Freeden.* nified to deny our Jewishness, it appears to strength for moral resistance and also led The Kulturbund was founded shortly after us equally impossible and untmthful to cut them back to the Jewish sources of their the advent of the Nazi regime. One of its off our German roots." Such a pubUc protest existence. main initiators and leading personalities was against an ideological " Gleichschaltung" Dr. Kurt Singer. The fact that he had not would have been inconceivable from the time The book excels by an exact and compr^ taken an active part in Jewish life before of the Nuremberg Laws onwards. In fact, hensive compilation of the widely scattered 1933 may, in a way, have been an asset because performances of works by Schiller and by the source material and the story is narrated with he was thus not involved in the ideological German Romanticists were already prohibited imagination and in a fluent style. An author and personal differences between the various by the Nazis as early as 1934, Equally, Beet­ who is mainly known as a journaUst and Jewish organisations. On the other hand, as hoven and other German composers were soon fiction writer has proved his mettle as a the son of a rabbi, he had been brought up in put on the index. The "Austrian" Mozart research worker, and the result is a work a Jewish atmosphere and, under the impact was still permitted until 1938—a strange by­ which makes stimulating reading. of the events of 1933, he became one of the product of the political tension between the We are indebted to Herbert Freeden and most inspiring and courageous leaders of two countries before the "Anschluss", Ulti­ to the Leo Baeck Institute for having pi^ German Jewry during its darkest period. His mately, Handel was the only composer of Ger­ vided us with a lasting record of an impor- addresses and articles, many of which are man origin whose works were not banned for tant aspect of German-Jewish history before quoted in Freeden's book, testify to his performances among Jews, because his Biblical the curtain fell. dynamic personality, his well-founded inter­ themes and his love for England had made him pretation of the spiritual situation, his unpopular among the Nazis. ANTI-JEWISH LITERATURE DEBATED capacity as a fine speaker and writer and his One aspect which is also dealt with in the AT U.N. MEETING poUtical adroitness. book is the function of the Kulturbund as In his work for the "Kulturbund" Dr, At the Geneva meeting of the United Nations the employer of about 2,000 actors and other Sub-Commission on the Prevention of D'*" Singer's opposite number in the Nazi camp artists who had lost their livelihood by the crimination and Protection of Minorities, Mr- was Hans Hinkel, the appointed supervisor of legislation of 1933. The budget was mainly Morris B. Abram, president of the American the organisation who, according to Freeden, based on membership contributions, yet there Jewish Committee, raised the question of the discharged his duties as " sponsor" and were also subsidies from the central Jewish immunity of T. M. Kychko. It will be remem­ " suppressor", as " protector" and tyrant. organisations and the large Jewish commu­ bered that Kychko was the author of the anti­ The chapter, deaUng with this "advocatus nities, a fact which, to a certain extent, semitic book pubUshed "by the Ukraimau diaboli" as Freeden calls him, reveals the Academy of Sciences, "Judaism Unmasked > impaired the Kulturbund's artistic indepen­ which the Russians stated had been destroy.e^ tremendous difficulties under which the dence. The question was brought up after referring " Kulturbund" had to accomplish its tasks. Of course, not all German Jews were to the Ukrainian criminal cocle which provides Strangely enough, contrary to all other Jewish members of the Kulturbuende in Berlin and for penalties for propaganda or agitation organisations, the Kulturbund was not dis­ in the Provinces. In 1937 the Berlin Kultur­ calculated to stir up racial or national hatred^ solved in November, 1938, but permitted, or bund had 15,900 members and Dr. Singer had The sub-commission has been urged by tn^ rather ordered, to resume its activities a few Co-ordinating Board of Jewish Organisations- to state that the major part of Berlin's Jewry representing the British Board of DepuUe* days after the pogroms. It was dissolved as kept aloof. This may partly have been attri­ late as 1941, Yet there was a symbolical and B'nai B'rith at the United Nations, lo butable to the fact that in every community consider measures to stop the dissemination oj epilogue which Freeden reports at the end only a certain proportion of the population "national, racial or reUgious hostility th? of his book: When, after the war, the AlUes is interested in theatre and concerts, though constitutes an incitement to hatred an reopened the Deutsche Theater they chose we know from the great number of Jewish violence". The Board quoted the " continui"* as the first play to be performed " Nathan der theatre- and concert-gosrs before 1933, that outpouring of hate Uterature in variou* Weise", the same play with which the Kul­ this proportion was definitely above the countries" and its distribution across Stai turbund had started 12 years before. The borders as reasons for taking action, on average among the German Jews, Yet Dr. example given was the distribution of pos.t^^ • Herbert Freeden : Jnedlsches Theater in Nazi- Singer stated that quite a few stayed away and leaflets with Nazi slogans and swastikas dent^tchland, Schriftpnreihe Wissenschaftlicher "on principle". It is unUkely that many Abhandlungen des Leo Baeck Instituts. J. C. B. Mohr in Frankfurt and Munich in July, 1963. jney (Paul Siebeck). Tuebingen. Clothbound DM.23.50, abstained because thev still attended public were signed by the " National Socialist Move­ Paperback DM.19.50, For members of the Society of performances, though legally this was not for­ ment, London".—(J.C.) Friends of the L.B.I.. El 136. (clothbound). AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 Page 11

in the case of two of his pupils : Max Wiener (later of Stettin) and Georg Herlitz. Baeck's Birthday Tributes outstanding influence was felt by HerUtz in his formative years from his twelfth year to ANKER DES TROSTES nie erlahmenden Willen zu weitgehender prak­ the Abituiium, and he decided to become a tischer und moralischer Wiedergutmachung, Pwrfessor Dr. Franz Bohm zum 70. Geburtstag Rabbi. In 1903 he entered the High School zur Rettung des noch Rettungsmoglichen aus for the Science of Judaism, at the same time Im Riickblick auf das innere Erlebnis der der Wuste der Zerstorung. Er ist nicht etwa joining the Association of Jewish Students Emigration erscheinen die Kriegsjahre als ein eine Erscheinung, der man mit dem zweifel- (V.J.S.T., later K.J.V.), at that time under the l^ng gestrecktes Provisorium. Viele von uns haften Begriff "Philosemit" Gerechtigkeit chairmanship of Bmno Kirschner. On com­ waren noch gerade im letzten AugenbUck, widerfahren lassen konnte ; er ist ein Freund pletion of his studies of history at the universi­ bevor die Grenzen sich endgiiltig schlossen, in der Juden, einer von denen, die damnter ties of Berlin and Halle he graduated in 1909 den Schutz der britischen Freiheit entkom- leiden, dass Begegnungen mit jiidischen with a thesis : " Geschichte der Herzoege von iien. Sie hatte uns das Leben gerettet. Aber Menschen in Deutschland heut zur Ausnahme Meran," and soon afterwards oBtained his ausser diesem Leben war uns wenig genug geworden sind. Er hat sich das Studium der rabbinical quaUfications at the " Hochschule "; geblieben. Wir waren erfiillt von qualenden ihm friiher last unbekannten Froblematik but, alas ! he could not bring himself to take Aengsten und vou einer nur leise flackernden jiidischer Existenz zur Pflicht gemacht und up the office of Rabbi, apparently for reasons Hoffnung. Die Aengste galten dem Schicksal wird nicht miide, uber Geschichtsgerechtigkeit of conscience, lu view of the then prevaiUng unserer in Deutschland zuriick gelassenen judischer Wege und Umwege nachzusinnen. dearth of Rabbis, it is acutely to be regretted Lieben, die Hoffnung der Niederringung des Er ist ein kampferischer Humanist bester that he, his friend Kirschner, Gotthold Weil, Hitler-Regimes. Es war ein ungleicher Wett­ Tradition, ein aufrechter Gegner des National­ Arthur Spanier and several others, did not lauf. Irgend eine neue Sicherheit gab es fiir sozialismus, dem er im Jahre 1938 aus seinem accept appointments. Lehramt in Jena zu weichen gezwungen wurde. ins nicht, nur undurchsichtige Ungewissheit, At one time, the words "La'tora Wohin wir auch bUckten. Die deutsche Ver- Unter den Menschen, die sich nach der ve'lachochma " were carved above the " Hoch­ Sangenheit hatte uns todlich verwundet, die Enthiillung der Nazi-Untaten in tiefer schule " in No, 14 Artilleriestrasse ; now that cngUsche Gegenwart ermangelte noch der Er.schiittemng aufgemfen fuhlten, den Wur­ the building i.<: serving other purposes, these ^aft, uns zu heilen. So waren wir zeln der Verirrung nachzuspiiren und sie fiir words have been removed. Regrettable as '•mgetrieben ohne Halt und ohne Plan. Zeit und Ewigkeit aus dem zahen Boden der Herlitz's decision may have been, we must Herzenstragheit und Verantwortungsfurcht thankfully acknowledge that he was faithful Mit dem Ende des Krieges anderte sich herauszureissen, steht er in erster Linie. Wir Stuttgart, now New York) celebrated his 75th narten lag, dessen Wucht sich durchsetzte, Rabbis with Dr. Baeck, he told me of his con­ birthday on January 25, From 1922 to 1933 dafiir ist Professor Bohm ein leuchtendes stant endeavour to stimulate young Jews to he was Director of the Stuttgart Conser­ *5eispiei. Er wirkt auf vielen Gebieten ; aber take up rabbinical studies ; and that he con­ vatorium of Music. At the same time, he took ^f alien wird sein Wirken uberragt von dem sidered himself specially fortunate in having a leading part in Jewish cultural work, ^esamtbild seiner lauteren, liebenswerten succeeded, in his first community in Oppeln, especially as founder and head of the Stuttgart " Juedische Kunstgemeinschaft", and as ^ersonUchkeit, Principal of the Music Department of the Franz Bohm ist viel mehr als ein Professor " Mittelstelle fuer juedische Erwachsenen­ ^er Jurisprudenz ; er ist ein leidenschaftlicher bildung ". He also courageously assisted his *tuter des Rechts, Seine Funktion als Mit- fellow Jews by enabling them to emigrate even |ued des Bundestags ubt er aus auf der Gmnd- during the first months of the war. He himself left Stuttgart as late as 1940. His work for /^ge einer geistig-ethisch fundierten demo- Wir koufen Einzelwerke, Bibliotheken, the City and for the Jewish community of ^•atischen Ueberzeugung, die in Deutschland Autogroplnen und moderne Graphik Stuttgart is recorded in the recently pub­ Uch heut noch eine Seltenheit ist. Professor Direktor : Dr. Joseph Suschitzky lished book on the Jews in Stuttgart, reviewed oohms Verdienste fiir die Sache der Restitu- 38a BOUNDARY RD., LONDON, N.W.> in last month's issue. Karl Adler is now 'f'u griinden sich nicht nur auf seine profunde Professor of Music at the Yeshivah University, ^chkenntnis; sie sind getragen von seinem Telephone : MAI. 3030 New York. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION March, 1965

of Empire " and, later, " Wealth, Welfare and IN MEMORIAM: PROF. MORITZ BONN War" and "Wandering Scholar", which summed up his life without being meant to be Professor Moritz Bonn, who died on January 1900, to Ireland to study the British-Irish rela­ a mere autobiography. He settled in peaceful 25 in London, could be called the Nestor of tions. The result was his book, " The English Hampstead, but even then he never stayed idle- the German exiles. He was a remarkable Colonisation in Ireland" (1906). In 1910 he His friends still remember his speech in the figure as, apart from the gradual loss of his became Professor of Political Economy at the Theodor Heuss Society at the Memorial Meet­ eyesight, he did not show any indication of his University of Munich. At the same time, he ing for the late German President, and when age, although he was in his 92nd year. was also Principal of that city's College of he was 90 he addressed a club of former One could notice him at receptions and Commerce. Before the First World War he Central European refugees with a lecture on meetings where he never showed tiredness, travelled in South Africa and in South-West contemporary problems, refusing to sit down, even when he had to stand for a considerable Africa, which was then a German colony. When speaking without using any notes and answer­ time. He was, in his specific way, almost war broke out he was in the United States, ing dozens of questions again without having miUtant; he had a burning interest in all lecturing as Visiting Professor at Berkeley, taken any notes during the discussion. contemporary events and talked to people with Madison and the Cornell Universities. He One of the finest brains has left us. eagerness and enthusiasm. His memory never immediately returned to Munich. In 1919 he HANS JAEGER. failed him, and one could speak to him about acted as economic adviser to the German peace delegation in Versailles. Later, he took part personalities whom he had met decades ago ; A few days before his death, in a codicil to he would remember them very well and have in the Spa and Genoa conferences. From 1920 to 1933 he was Professor of Political Economy his will. Professor Bonn stipulated a subj very clear judgements of them. His dynamic stantial legacy for the "Thank-You Britain vigour was matched by a scholarly approach at the Berlin College of Commerce and also an adviser to the German Govemment on Fund. It will be a lasting honour for the Fund and a certain mildness. This staunch Liberal that it is thus linked up with the name of an was Ukewise at home in poUtics and economics, Reparation Questions, In between, he was lecturer at the Geneva School of International outstanding man who, on several occasions in British, German and American affairs. He before 1933, was entmsted go-between for observed with keenness the political scene of Studies. In 1931 he became Rector of the College of Commerce in Berlin. He was a the German and the British Govemments and London. He had his views about the policies who, in 1933, was one of the first German of the C.D.U. and F.D.P. in Germany and he member of an experts delegation at the League of Nations in 1932, and he acted as adviser to scholars to be invited to an appointment id also developed his own theory about German this country. reunification. Meetings of the Anglo-German the Preparatory World Economic Conference Association often served him as opportunities in Geneva (1932/33). for propounding his views and for establishing In these pre-Nazi years he wrote " The Crisis DEATH OF MR. SIGMUND ELLENBERG new personal contacts. of European Democracy" (1925), "The Fate When he fell ill last year his friends were of German CapitaUsm" (1926), "Money and Mr. Sigmund Ellenberg died in London on concerned about his health. However, he Spirit, Essence and Development of the Ameri­ January 21 at the age of 74. He was born can World" (1927), "Liberation Policy or in Husyatyn (Galicia) and was an active made a surprising recovery and once more Zionist and social worker in Vienna, before resumed his work, writing essays, including Borrowing Policy?" (1928), "The New Plan he came to this country shortly before the out­ one about " The End of the Adenauer Era ". as Basis of German Economic Policy" (1930), break of the Second World War. Mr. Ellen­ When one had talked to him, plunging back " Prosperity, Myth and Reality in American berg was a founder member (and for years tne into the past, and, in the end, expressed con­ Business Life" (1932), "The American Hon. Treasurer) of the Jacob EhrUch Society cern that he might have got tired, he would Experiment" (1933). and of the World Council of Jews from Austria. say: " Not at all; now my secretary comes, He was also a member of the Board of Deputies When the Nazis came to power. Professor and, on many occasions, a delegate to the con­ and I shall have to dictate to her," Yet, sud­ Bonn was dismissed from his office as Rector, denly, came his last illness as the final blow. ferences of the Zionist Federation and of tne He lectured in Britain, for instance at the British Section of the World Jewish Congress- Moritz Bonn was born in Frankfurt/Main London School of Economics, and in the United He will be gratefully remembered by all wno on June 28, 1873. After studies in Heidel­ States at the University of California, Los knew him. berg, Munich and Vienna, he went, before Angeles, In 1938 he wrote " The Crumbling JOSEF FRAENKEL,

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*"• L. Brassloff self-supporting monthly ("Die Gemeinde") provides a continuous link between the Jews living in Austria and those now abroad, but interested in their former home country. After JEWS IN POST-WAR VIENNA the pubUcation of the report a small but circumspectly arranged Jewish Museum was The Jewish visitor from abroad spending a Kultusgemeinde " is an impressive book con­ opened and its extension is envisaged. few days in Vienna does so with understand­ taining the official report on the activities of While there is certainly no cause for com­ able apprehension. He knows that Nazism the community during the period 1960-1964, placency, the " Tree of Life" of Vienna's Was particularly brutal in this city of over- It is Uvely and informative. The facts are Jewry has again taken root in a rather Publicised " GemuetUchkeit" and that the not merely recorded, but explained and put unfavourable soil and promises to branch out legendary " golden heart" of the Viennese within a wider context. The scope of the work further. failed to show compassion for the Jews who of the community comprises religious affairs had done so much to enhance the reputation (including education); social welfare ; a hos­ RELIGIOUS RIGHTS CONVEN-nON of the capital of Austria. pital and an old age home ; cultural activities ; A draft convention on the elimination of After the war the newly estabUshed Repub­ the fight against antisemitism and neo-Nazism religious intolerance was adopted in (Jeneva. Uc granted to the surviving victims of Nazi and for indemnification of Nazi victims and It includes freedom to observe reUgious rituals the prosecution of Nazi criminals. and dietary and other laws connected with Persecution only reluctantly a measure of reUgious observance. Only the Soviet Union, piecemeal indemnification. Manifestations of Remarkable Achievements Poland and Mexico, abstained in the voting on antisemitism indicate that even now, when the the draft, which was approved by 11 votes Jews form merely a tiny part of the population Considering the internal and external diffi­ with none against. It now goes to the Human ---not even 10,000 persons are registered with culties, the record of achievements is quite Rights Commission for further deUberation. the Jewish community—the old nasty hostility remarkable. One of the highlights of the The convention defines discrimination as nas not vanished. But Vienna today still har­ " any distinction, exclusion, restriction or pre­ period under review was the thorough renova­ ference based on religious belief which has bours the largest German-speaking community tion and solemn re-dedication of the beautiful °f Jews on the European continent. Their the purpose or effect of nullifying or impair­ City Synagogue erected in 1826. A Warsaw ing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of communal Ufe and institutions, often criticised Ghetto Memorial Exhibition held in 1963 the rights proclaimed in the Universal and maUgned by incompletely informed out­ attracted thousands of non-Jewish visitors, Declaration of Human Rights ". siders are, in comparison with other similarly including school children. Working contacts It declares that incitement to hatred or to Situated groups, sound and soUd. Nostalgic with Jewish international and Israeli organisa­ acts of violence are to be considered an offence recollections of the not altogether glorious tions (especially the "Joint," the World punishable by law and that all propaganda Past are not helpful and recognition of present Jewish Congress and Irgun Olej Merkas designed to foster it shall be condemned. The efforts and achievements should not be with­ Europa) counteract the danger of stagnation, draft specifies that the expression, "reUgion held. or beUef" in its articles should be read to which is a regrettable feature of a once-cos­ include " theistic, non-theistic and atheistic The " Lebensbaum der Wiener IsraeUtischen mopolitan but today provincialised city. A beUefs ".—(J.C.)

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RISING JEWISH INTEREST ROUND AND ABOUT IN FRANCE Mr. Moshe Waldman, the Polish-Yiddish SPAIN AND THE JEWS writer and cultural worker who has lived_ m CONTROVERSY OVER ACTRESS Paris since 1949, addressed a meeting organised jointly by the World Jewish Con­ For the first time in 473 years, since the IN ISRAEL gress (British Section) and the Association oi expulsion of the Jews in 1492. a Spanish head Yiddish Writers in London. of State met leaders of the local Jewish com­ The Swiss actress, Kathe Gold, who munity, when General Franco received the There had, said Mr. Waldman, been a appeared with the Zurich Schauspielhaus Com­ " remarkable reawakening " of Jewish national presidents of the Madrid and Barcelona Jewish pany in Strindherg's " Totentanz" at the communities. consciousness and a yearning for Jewisn Habima Theatre in Tel Aviv, in an interview tradition among some of the intellectual In this way General Franco has officially with an IsraeU evening paper said that she elite of French Jewry and its younger men^ acknowledged the presence of Jews in Spain, had acted before Nazi leaders in Berlin during bers, particularly in the universities. "^ When asked by the two Jewish leaders who the war, but took no part in politics. One of ascribed the'trend to the determination oi met him for assurances that Spain would soon Habima's leading actors, its director and many French Jewry after its liberation to recoir grant juridical recognition to her Jewish com­ others protested after the interview appeared, stmct Jewish life which had been destroyeo munity. General Franco promised to help in and demanded the cancellation of further per­ by the Germans, and also to the successful bringing this about. He also expressed his formances by Miss Gold. efforts of individual emissaries and organis^ pleasure at having been able to assist in the The Habima management said that they had tions—such as the Lubavitcher—which are Spanish Government's gift of the Transito assumed that the past history of the Schaus­ active in France. Mr. Waldman pointed oui. Synagogue in Toledo to serve as a Sephardi pielhaus actors had been checked. The Haifa however, that only 15 to 20 per cent of tne museum. There was a complete absence in city council rejected a motion to discuss the Jewish youth obtained a Jewish education an? the Spanish press of any mention of the visit matter. Professor Leopold Lindberg, director that, though the newly established commum- to General Franco by the Jewish leaders. of the Schaulspielhaus, is a Jew. ties from North Africa were estabUshing syna­ gogues, they were not building Jewish schools- General Franco feels himself bound by the —(J.C.) decision of the Ecumenical Council to lift the AUSCHWITZ COMMEMORATION very long-standing official condemnation of the PARIS MARTYR'S MEMORIAL Jews, and the Spanish Government, officials and Church hierarchy, are moving in the same The 20th anniversary pf the liberation of the An appeal has been issued by leading figures direction. There is. however, a considerable Auschwitz death camp by the Red Army was connected with the Paris Memorial to tne body of opinion still cUnging to the intolerant commemorated in Paris and was attended by Unknown Jewish Martyr. It is stated that tne traditions of anti-Jewish feeling. 3,000 people, with many not being able to gain Memorial is in danger of closing down because Jews cannot easily forget these traditions, admittance. of lack of funds. The Claims Conf erence. na» nor that General Franco was an ally of Hitler All speakers praised the Red Army and the hitherto provided 90 per cent of the Memorial» and that Spain is a fascist country. But there other AlUed forces, and condemned the inten­ budget but, with the end of allocations and tne is a gradual movement towards greater inter- tion of West Germany to apply the Statute of winding up of the Claims Conference, gre»^ religious understanding and there has been Limitation, A Polish film about Auschwitz, efforts will have to be made to find alternative progress.—(J.C.) " The End of Our World ", was also shown. sources of funds.

FAMILY EVENTS EXPERIENCED COOK required Women Personal Birthday twice weekly in private household, FIRST-CLASS COOK/CATERER, DOCTOR'S WIDOW, 49, journaUst, St. John's Wood district. Box 517. Dannemann.—Mr. Bernhard Danne­ previously in charge of directors' youthful in appearance and out­ mann of Otto Schiff House, 14 WE REQUIRE a number of first- dining-room, seeks similar respon­ look, owner of good home in N."- Netherhall Gardens, London, N.W,3 class manufacturer's agents in all sible position. Box 516. London and car ; family grown np (formerly Oels, Silesia), will cele­ territories to promote the sales of TAILORESS, 12 years in same job, and on their own ; desires to me« brate his SOth birthday on March 6. a range of medium to high-class seeks full-time work. Box 528. cultured companion (non-Ortno- handbags and leathergoods. Busi­ SECRETARY, elderly, versatile, dox), view marriage ; free partner­ Marx.—Mr. Alfred Marx, 30 Cor­ ness already well introduced. Car ship in old-established, very pr^ti' ringham Road, London, N.W.ll, essential. Please write to Box 531. good references, seeks part-time will celebrate his 75th birthday on work. Box 529. able business offered to acceptable HOUSEKEEPER, residential, appUcant, if desired; must "" March 22nd. The AJR, of which he GENERAL CLERK/TYPIST, good has been an interested member wanted for old age home in intelUgent and of kindly disposi­ Bishop's Avenue, N,2. Good salary references, seeks part-time work. tion ; widower no obstacle. ApP" since its inception, extends its Box 530. heartiest congratulations to him. and excellent accommodation. Box Box 515. 532, Deaths Miscellaneous MIDDLE-AGED WIDOW would li^? Josephs.—Mrs. Joe (Auguste) Situations Wanted VISITING SECRETARY, typing, to meet nice gentleman age" translating, interpreting, English, between 50 and 60. View frienu- Josephs, nee Loewenthal, fonnerly Men of Linnich and Berlin, passed away German, French ; own typewriter. ship. Box 518. in her 77th year on Febmary 7. POSITION OF RESPONSIBILITY EMP. 8181 either before 10 a.m. or Much missed by her relations in and tmst required by gentleman after 7 p.m. MISSING PERSONS the Americas, her many friends all who has recently relinquished COMPANION SOUGHT by lady over the world and her son, Peter senior executive post overseas (50s), car-owner, for Continental Personal Inquiries W. Johnson, 8 Grove End Gardens, after long service with large holiday by car, share expenses. St. John's Wood, London, N.W.S. import/export organisation. Widely Please write Box 521. Heimann.—Information requested experienced in general administra­ about Mrs. AUce Heimann i^^ Rappaport.—Mrs. Kate Rappaport, tion, office management and WANTED: complete silver canteen Rosenthal), widow of Prof, I'V 32, Warwick Lodge, Shoot-up-Hill, accounts. Box 520, for 12 people in perfect condition, Fritz Heimann, after whose deatn London, N,W,2 (formerly BerUn), possibly modern design. Box 519. (1937) remarried Nothenberg, °] MAN of 34, several years' experi­ passed away on January 27, after SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse, Breslau • a long iUness. Deeply mourned by ence, seeks post as representative from there beginning 1943 deporteo in the plastics trade. Box 522, safely and permanently by experi­ her daughter, Edith Graetzer, rela­ enced Physiotherapist and Elec- with her children Dieter ana tives and friends. HANDYMAN, conscientious trologist. Mrs, Dutch, D.R,E„ Evelyn to concentration camP* In Memoriam worker, seeks full-time work. R,M,T„ 239 Willsden Lane, N,W,2. Trawniki and Ibitza respectively- Box 523. Weiss.—In memory of our darling 'Phone WILlesden 1849, Of interest any details prior ana Tommy who left us suddenly in DRIVER/SALESMAN, experienced AU PAIR girl—Jewish girl from after deportation, in connection March. 1956, not quite eleven years in car and food trade, own estate Berlin is looking for Jewish family with restitution. Dr. F. TVIann, *" old. "To the world he was only a car, seeks suitable work. Box 524. in London to live with as Au Pair Kingsley Way, London, N.2. grain of sand, to us he was the LEDGER CLERK, experienced, Girl. Box 533. Caro.—Miss Henny Caro, horn whole world. elderly, seeks part-time work. ALTERATIONS WANTED? about 1910 in BerUn, last knovrt» CLASSIFIED Box 525, 'Phone experienced dressmaker for address 27 Kendal Street, London. Sitnations Vacant DISABLED MAN (limited use of best work. HAMpstead 8775. W,2, wanted in connection with A LADY required, resident, to take one hand), 56. seeks part-time work WIRELESS WANTED by needy compensation claim. charge of small home for 5/7 as representative for toys, or as person. Box 534. Wiescngmnd.—Mr. Franz WieseO" elderly people, Golders Green. companion/messenger or similar. grund. bom July 28, 1891 •>" Modern house. Central heating. Box 526 AJR Needlewomen Service Frankfurt / Main, last known Daily help. Starting April, Good BOOKKEEPER, up to trial balance, WOMEN available for alterations, address 11 Farley Road, Catfora-, salary. Own television. 'Phone good references, seeks part-time mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAI. Wanted in connection with a resti­ SUNnyhill 1120. work. Box 527, 4449. tution payment. AJR INFORMATION March, 1965 Page 15

Rudolf R. Levy ethnic and reUgious minorities, and further­ more that the language must be adapted to meet the demands of modern science, politics SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE MIDDLE EAST and philosophy. These and other indications Manfred Halpern, Associate Professor of Communist parties in the countries of the of the congruence of Israel's problems with ,, °litics at Princeton University, in his book Middle East. those of the Islamic States only apply in broad The Politics of Social Change in the Middle The chief political manifestation of social outline, for marked differences appear on ^ast and Ncith Africa " (Princeton University change in the Middle East is nationaUsm and closer examination. Press) analyses the origins and character of Halpern points out that Middle East national­ A separate chapter is devoted to the Arab- the far-reaching revolution now taking place ism already represents the unification—even if Israeli conflict. Here the author sketches out ^ the area stretching from Morocco to incomplete—of differing languages, origins, the development and origins of the existing Pakistan. races and religions. This nationalism is of tension. He comes to the not very encourag­ The five sections of this book cover the the same kind as the force which strives for ing conclusion that there will be no peace whole extent of the changes occurring in this unification in the European sense—in some treaty in the foreseeable future and that in area. A way of life that has persisted for areas in advance of it, in others lagging behind, the final analysis there are no barriers, ahnost 1,300 years, has been destroyed by as for instance certain Middle Eastern States whether external or internal, which would pre­ challenges for which, as a system of belief and e.g., Lebanon and Saudi Arabia, that are vent a renewal of the war in the Middle East. action, it was almost completely unprepared. already independent but not yet national Nevertheless, at the end he does draw attention A new social system with new social values is States. to President Kennedy's pronouncement that "•eplacing the traditional society. A new range As far as the question of type of government the United States will protect the security of °f ideological choices has been presented to a is concerned, the author comes to the final both Israel and her neighbours and will resist uew elite. The fact that new men are using conclusion after thorough examination that " in the use or threat of force in the Near East. Uew ways and means of attaining new the foreseeable future the Middle East will not This work, which is based on a direct know­ objectives in their attempt to master the change successfully from authoritarian to ledge of the region and a thorough evaluation PoUtics of social change, has had revolutionary democratic governments ". of the literature, provides an intimate analysis consequences both at home and abroad. " Next to nationalism there is no ideology of the basis on which the changes in the The investigation is devoted to political more popular in the Middle East than Middle East and North Africa are founded. •'Modernisation in its widest sense. Great socialism," which, in contrast to the West and Even if some of the generaUsations are not emphasis is placed on the description of the the Soviet Union, is post-Communistic in the altogether convincing, the book does provide •M^w middle-class as the essential revolutionary Middle East, that is to say all the socialist an illuminating picture of this development. and, at the same time, stabilising force. " The parties were founded later than the Communist leadership in all aspects of Middle Eastern life parties—a fact on which Halpern lays great A comprehensive special investigation into is being increasingly taken over by a class of stress. the economic and social changes in such an jM^en who are inspired by non-traditional know­ The author goes deeply into the methods important Middle Eastern country as Egypt ledge, and is concentrated round a nucleus of used by the authoritarian, socialist and is provided by Charles Issawi, Professor of Near CiviUan and miUtary professional poUticians, nationalist rulers of the Middle East and North and Middle East Economics at Columbia organisers and experts. However, this new Africa with varying degrees of enthusiasm and University in his book " Egypt in Revolution " juiddle-class is distinguished by its way of success to mobilise their society towards rapid (Royal Institute of International Affairs, hving from its counterpart in the industrialised political modernisation, i.e., military bureau­ Oxford University Press, London). countries ". cracy, political parties, trade unions and civil The author describes the economic develop­ An important phenomenon in the poUtical bureaucracy. ment of Egypt as against its geographic and uevelopment of the Middle East is neo-Islamic Although Israel is not among the group of historical background and then gives a detailed totaUtarianism, of which the Egyptian Muslim countries considered in this book, the author analysis of the various branches of Egypt's 'brotherhood with its deceased leader Hasan nevertheless points out that Islam and Israel economy. The country's economic and social al-Banna is the best known example. There have many problems in common. These stmcture has undergone greater changes since MS one body of opinion that believes that Islam include, for instance, the fact that a Western the revolution of 1952 than in any other period provides a firm barrier against Communism, orientated elite has to teach an Oriental in its long history. And this is largely the °ut others consider Islam to be so similar to majority to assimilate, that secular States have result of the transformation of Egypt into a Communism that Mohammedans could easily to be estabUshed despite the presence of totalitarian socialist State which presents " a adopt it. Halpem accepts neither of these infiuential reUgious political parties, which rare and formless amalgam of nationalism, *iews and demonstrates this by the fate of the also means that parity must be secured for militarism and socialism ".

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8 FAIRFAX MANSIONS, LONDON, N.W.3. Tel.: MAIda Vale 9096/7

March 15, 1965 Page 2

Mr, Heinz Baer Mrs. Luise Blank Mr, George Bunzl Mrs. Annemarie Curson Mr, A, Ehrmann A Mr, J, H. Baer Mr, H, Blaskopf Mrs, M. Bunzl Mrs. Else Czapski Mr, Heinrich Eisemann Mrs, M, Abeles Mr, Josef Baer Dr, Alice Blau Mrs. J. Burger Mr. Walter Eisenberg Mrs, A. Abels Miss H. Baerwald Mr, Otto Bleier Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Dr. W, P. Eisenthal Mrs, Ruth Abels Mr. K. B, Baker Mrs. I, L, Bleistein Burgner D Mr. Egon Eisner Mr, Martin Abendstern UI. Kobert Baiazs Prof, A. Bloch Mr. B. Burian Mr, F. H, Eisner Mrs, Abraham Mr. H. H. BalUn Mrs, F. Bloch Mr, Herbert Burstyn Dr. and Mrs. A. Dale Mr. Josef Eisner Miss Anna Abraham Mrs, K. Banbury Dr. V, Bloch Mrs, Kate Busch Dr. W. M, Dale Mr, Ludwig Eisner Mrs. Helene E. Abraham Mrs, I, Barasch Mr, Werner Blochert Dr. L, Bush Mr. Hans J. Dallman Mr. J, Elban Dr, Hilda C, Abraham Dr, A, A. BarD Mr. H. Block Mr, G, Busse Miss Helene Daniel Mr, A, Eldon Mrs. W. I. Abraham Mrs. Louise Barnard Mr, T, Bloom Mr. H, C, Daniels Mrs, B. Elend Mr. H. Abrahams Mr. Walter Barnass Mrs. Charlotte Mr, F, Dann Miss A. Elias Mr. L. L. Abrahams Mr. H. Barr Bloomfield Mr, Bernhard Danne­ Mrs. Aennie Eliel Miss Betty Abramczyk Mrs. Kae Barten Mrs. Rose Bluhm mann Mr. H. Eliel Mrs. EUy Abt Mrs. M. Bartley Mr. Walter Bluhm Mrs, Erna Dannemann Mr, K, W. EUel Mr, R. Ackerholt Mr, F, Cahn Miss Britta Baruch Mr. H. J. Blum Mr, H, Cahn Mrs, Dorothea Dannen­ Dr. E, Elkan Mrs. Rosa Ackermann Mrs. Lucie Bass Dr, H. Blum Mrs, L. Cahn berg Mr. Ph. Elkan Miss nse A(iam Mrs. H. Bassman Mrs. Ursula Blum and Mrs. M, K, Cahn Mrs, Ilse Dannenberg Dr. A. EUieles Dr. Bruno Adler Family Mr. and Mrs, L, Dann- Mr. M. J. Elkins Mr. K. Battsek Mrs. S. Cahn hauser Mr, E. Adler Mr. Ernst Bauer Dr, E, Blumenau C, and T, Callmann Mrs. L. Elkisch-Neumann Dr. Ernst Adler Mrs. Henny Bauer Mr. R. K, Blumenau Mrs, Margaret Callomon Miss Eva B. C. Danziger Mr, E, EUinger Dr, E, L, Adler Mr, Hans Baum Mr. Paul Blumenfeld Mr, S, Callomon Mrs. H, Danziger R, and A, EUiott Mrs, H, J. Adler Mr. H. Baumgard Mr. G, Blumenthal Mr, C, Calmon Mrs, Herta B. Daube Prof. Ralph W. V. Dr. Isaac J. Adler Dr, J, Blumenthal Mr. F, R, Davenport Mrs, B, Baumann Mr, C, Calmson Mrs. C. David EUiott, M.A, Mr. Marcel Adler Mr, & Mrs, W, Bauraann Mrs, K. Blumenthal Mrs, Ruth Capauner Mr, G, W, Elsdon Mr. Max M. Adler Mr. K. D. Blundell Rev, F. F. Carlebach Mrs. Hilde David Mr, Max Adler Mrs, R. Baumann-Koch Mrs, M, L, David Dr, G, R, Elton Mrs, Paula Bayer Dr, B, Boas Mr, B, Carley Mr, L, R, B, Elton Aero Zipp Fasteners Ltd, Mrs, F, Boas Mr, and Mrs, Manfred Mr, R, H. Elton Mr, A. T, H. Alden Mr. E, G. Bayreuther Dr. Mosco earner David Mrs. Edith Beal Mrs, Florence Boas Mrs, A, and Miss D. Mrs. Bessy Emanuel Mr, A, S, Alexander E. G, & E. M. Beaumont Mrs, Bock Carow Mr, Walter David Mr. A, H. 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Bow Mr, Walter A, Clifton Mr. T. F. Essinger Anschel Mrs, Cohen-Andre Mrs, U, Dion Mr, and Mrs. M. Anson Mr. Frederick Bell Mr. M. Bower Dr, F, Dispeker Mr. Will Essinger Messrs. Bellman, Herz & Mr, R, J, Boyden Mr. Armand Cohen Mrs. T. Estermann Miss Lilly Antell Mr, Hans A, Cohen Mrs, C. R. Dittbemer Mr, R. D, Anteil Co. Ltd. Mr. Walter A, Brach Mrs. Charlotte Dixon Mr. E. Etkin Mr. Emest Bello Mrs. B, Bramhold Mr, N, Cohen Mr. G. S, Ettinger Mr, A, Apfel Mrs. H. Brandt Misses S, and R, Cohen Dobett Ltd, Rabbi Joseph Apfel Mr. R, E, Benatt Dr, Paul Dohan Mrs, I, Evans Mr. Arnold Bender Mr. J. E, Brandt Mr, B. Cohn Mr, F, Ewer Mr, Josef Appel Mrs, Beate Cohn Mr, Norbert Doktor Dr, Alice Apt Mrs. M. Bendix Mrs, Lena Brandt Miss Charlotte Eyck .Miss K. N, Benjamin Mr, R, Brandt Mrs. Bertha Cohn Mr, A, DoUop Mrs. L, C. Apt Mrs, Dora Cohn Dr. Julius Domany Mr, Max Apt Mr. M. F. Benjamin Mr, E. Brasch Mr, Norbert Benjamin Mrs, Else Braude Mr. and Mrs. Edward H, Mr, P, and Mrs, G, Donat Mr, Rudolf Apt Mr, E. Donney Miss R. Apter Dr, R. Benjamin Mr, J, Braude Cohn Mr, Walter Benjamin Dr, R, Braude Mrs, Ellen Cohn Mr. Leo Dorffmann and Dr, 0. H. Archenhold Mrs, Ema Brauer Family Mrs, E, Fabian Dr, Herbert Arendt Rabbi Charles Berg Dr, jur, Erich Cohn Mrs, E, J. Fabian Mrs, Charlotte E. Berg Mrs, Flora Brauer Mr, Ernst Cohn Mr. William D. Dorset Mr, Edward Arie Miss E. Braun Mr. A. I, Dresel Dr. Eric Fabian Dr. O, M, Arie Miss Hanna Bergas Dr, Emest Cohn Mrs. Frieda Fabian Dr, Arthur Amdt Mr. A. Berger Mrs, Elise Braun Mr, Erich Cohn, D,M,D, Mr, and Mrs, Alfred S, Mrs, Kate Berger Mrs. Margarethe Braun Dresel Miss H, Fabian Mr, and Mrs. H, Arndt Mrs, Gertrud Cohn Mr, H, J. Fabian Mr, and Mrs. L, Arndt Mr, Martin N, Berger Dr, E, Brauner Mr, H, Cohn Mrs, Trude B, Dressel Mrs, Margaret Berger Mr. G, Braunsberg and Mr, Andre Drucker Mr. Richard Fabian Miss Else Amheim Dr, H. 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Brent Mrs, Stefanie Coleman Mr. K, H, Farnham Mrs. Hanni Askonas Mr. K. T. Brent Colibri Lighters Ltd. Miss Eva Dworetzki Mrs, Ruth Berlak Mr. H, Dworetzki Mrs, Thea Fay Mrs, Lies Askonas Sir Isaiah Berlin Dr, W, Breslauer Mrs. A. J, Collier Favourite Ties Ltd I Mrs, Helen Astruck Mrs. Eva Breuer Mr, and Mrs, Alfred Messrs. Dyn Metal Ltd. Mrs, Rose Berlin Mr. E. M. Dyrenfurth Mr, H, and Mrs, E,' Mrs, L, Atkinson Mr, B, Berlowitz Mr. L. Bright Collin Dr, W. S, Auburn Mr, Peter Brilling Federer Mr. R. Berlowitz Mr, Herbert Collin Mr. Julius J. Feig and Mr, H, Auer Mr, Robert W. Berman The British Home and Mr, C, Auerbach Mrs, Margarete Collin E Family Mr, Simon Berney Office Telephone Co, Mrs, H, CoUins Mr, W, Feig Dr, J, Auerbach Mr, W, K. Bernfeld Mr. J. Auerbach, B.Sc. Ltd, Mr, Joseph Colman Mr, Laszlo Easton Mr, L. G. Fein Mr, H, Bernheim British and International Mrs, K. Commichau Mrs. Islam Ebel Dr. A, Feiner Dr. Max Auerbach Dr, F, Bernstein Mr. Richard ConneU Dr W, F, Auerbach Miss Ruth Bernstein Addressing Ltd, Mrs, Edith Eberstadt Mrs, G, B, Feist Mr. W, L, Auerbach Mr, Walter Broch Mrs, Elsa Connor Mr, O, R, Eberstadt Dr, H, Feld Mrs, S, Bertish Mrs. L. Brock Mr. Eric Conrad Mr. and Mrs. E. Mr. Michael Feld Mrs, Martha Aufric Dr, A, Beselau Mr. J. B, Conway Mrs, Eva Bett Mr. H. and Mr. S. Brock Eckmann Dr. H. D, Feldheim Mr, E, Broder Mrs, Ilse Cooke Mr. Ernest Eckstein Miss R. Feldheim Mr, and Mrs, K, Beutel Mr, Richard Broh Mrs. Gertrud E. Cooper Mr. Alfred Edels Mrs, I, Biberstein Mrs, Hanna Cooper Mrs, Alice Feldman B Mrs, Paula Biel Mr, Bruno Broil Mr. W. Edgar Mrs, Eva Feldman Mr, S, E. Brook Mr, John Coriield Mrs. K. Edler Mrs, Helene Feldmann Prof. Ludwig Bieler Miss D. Brooke Corsets Silhouette Ltd, Mr. Otto Edler Miss K, E, Bab Mr, Bernhard Bier Mrs, Anne Corte Miss Regina Feldmann Mrs, Grete Bach Dr. C. K. Brown Mr. R. Edler Mr, Albert FeUx Mr. E. M. Bier Mr. William W. Brown Mr, F, Cossen Mr. Herbert Edmonds Miss Hilde R. Bach Mr. G, Bier Mrs. Anna Cosslett Mr, K. F, A, FeUner and Mr. H. Bruck Major Edmunds Family Mrs. Ida Bach Mr, Herbert Bier Mr. Herbert Bruck Mrs, B, Courts Mrs. C. Eggarter Mr, S, J, Bach Dr, Joshua Bierer Mrs. A, Covo Mrs, Sophie Fels Mr N, Bruckheimer Mr. Alexander M. Messrs. A, and E, Fel­ Mr, V, S, Bach Mr, R, Birkenstein Mr, S, Brull Mr, I, Cowan Mrs. Nora Bacharach Miss Irene Bimbaum Mr, S. D, Cramer Ehrbar senstein Mr. E. F. Buchholz Mrs. E. D. Ehrenberg Mr, E, M. and V, Felsen­ Mrs, I. Bachmann Mr. Hugo Buchthal Mr, W, A, Crofton Mr. Joseph Bachner and Sister Mrs, Alice Croner and Prof, V, L, Ehrenberg stein Mr, S. Bischheim Mr. E, Bucks Misses G. and L. Mrs, S, Feltham Mrs, Gertrude Bachrich Mr, Stephen Bukowitz Mr. A. F. Bader Mrs, Hedwig Blach Family Ehrenwerth Mr. F. Fessler Mr, & Mrs. Julian Black Mr. F, Bume Dr, Anna Csillag Mrs, A, Ehrlich Mrs. E, and Dr, J, Mrs. Anna Baer Bunzl Group of Mr. George P. Baer Mr, H. S. Blackie Mr, Julius Cunow Mrs, Charlotte Ehrlich Feuchtwanger Miss Helene Baer Mr, Hans G, Blank Companies Mr, A, A, Curran Mrs, E, Ehrlich Mr, Alfred Feuerstein Page 3

Mr, F. M. Field Mr, R, Frohlich Mr, and Mrs, H, Gold­ Dr. L. Haas Miss K, Heyman Mr. E. R. Jacob Mr, A, J. Fielding Mrs, Selma Frost smith Dr, Robert Haas Mrs. L. I, Heyman and Mr, G, Jacob Dr. G. Fielding Dr, H, Richard Fuchs Mr, L. Goldsmith Mr, and Mrs, R, Haase Family Dr. K. A, Jacobi Mr, J, Fielding Dr. H. Fuld Mrs, Lisa Goldsmith Mr, F, J. Hackett Mrs, Madeleine Heyman Mr, Kurt Jacobi Mr, H. H, FiguUa Mrs, L. Fulda and Mr. Mac Goldsmith Mrs, Lola Hahn-Warburg Mrs, W. Heyman Mrs, P. Jacobi Family Miss Margaret Gold­ Mr, Oscar Hahn Mr. Ernst Heymann Mr. F, C, Jacobson Mr, M, K, Finder smith Mr, Peter Hahn Mrs. Gertrud Heymann Dr. Jacob Jacobson Mrs, Josefine P. Fink Mr. M, Fulder Mrs, Alice Fulop Mr. Nathan Goldsmith Miss R. Hahn Dr. and Mrs. H. Hey­ Mrs. M, Jacobson Mr. M. E, Finkelstein Mr, W, M, Goldsmith Mr, Leo Hahnlein mann Mr, M. A, Jacobson Mr, Otto M, Finkelstein Dr, D. Furst Dr. Lilian R, Furst Mr, Walter Goldsmith Mr, Ernest HaU Mrs. Renate B. Hiller Dr, W, Jacobson Miss F. Finkenstein Mr. H. H, Goldstaub Mr. Hugo Halle Mr. H, C, HiUmann. M..\. Jacoby & Bratt Ltd. Mrs, Adele Fischel Mrs, Gertrud Furth Mr, Walter R, M. Furth Mr. W, F, Goldstaub Mr, N. Halle Mr. Henry HUlmann Mrs, Beate Jacoby Mr, H, F, Fischel Mr, A, Goldstein S, F. & O. HaUgarten Mr. V, E. Hilton Mr, E, Jacoby Dr, F. Fischer Miss Ilse Fuss Mr, Bruno Futter Mr, H, Goldstein Mrs, H, Halpem Mr. Max Hinrichsen Dr, F. Jacoby Mr. Felix Fischer Miss Margaret Goldstein Mrs, Gertrude Ham­ Mrs, A, Hirsch Mr, F, J, Jacoby Mr. Vernon Fischer Mr. N, Fysenier bourg .Mrs, Carola Hirsch Mrs, Grete Jacoby Mr. F, Fischmann Mr, G, N, Fyte and and Mother Mr, L. Hamburger Mr. Daniel Hirsch Mrs. Kate Jacoby Mr, A, M. Fisher Family Prof, E, H, Gombrich Mr, O, Hamburger Dr. E. Hirsch Mrs, L, B, Jacoby Mr. David Fisher Mr, G, Goodwin Mr, H, J, Hambury Mr. Herbert M. Hirsch Mrs, Lucie Jacoby Mr, Ernest E. Fisher Miss Frieda Gordon Mr, F. Hamill Mrs. Herta Hirsch Mr, Henry Jackson Dr. H. Fisher Dr, W, Gordon Mr, F. Hamilton Prof, K, A, Hirsch Mr, Hans Jaeger Mrs, Lili Fisher Miss M, Gal Mr, Frederick and Mrs. Mr, G, Hammelburger Mr, and Mrs, L, Hirsch Dr, Elsbeth Jaffe Mrs, T, Flach Mr, I, N, Galan Dorothea Gotfurt Mr. Henry J. Mr. N. Hirsch Mrs. Gertrud Jaffe Mr, Ludwig Flatauer Mrs, J, Galewski Mr. Jacob Gottfried Mr. Paul Hirsch Mr, J. E, Jaffe Miss G, C, Flatow Mrs. Kathe Galitzen- Miss Flora Gottschalk Hammerman Mr. Rudolph L, Hirsch Mrs. Selma Jaffe Mr, Henryk Fleischer stein Mr, Charles B, Gotzl Mrs. S. Hammerschlag Mr. H, Hirschberger Mr. G, B, Jaggar Dr, H, H, Fleischhacker Mr, H, GaUiner Dr, Eric Gould Mrs, Marie Hammer- Mr, Franz Hirschel Mrs, Karoline Jahn Mr, J, Fleischmann Mrs, S, R, Gallop Mr, and Mrs. Eric Gould Schmidt and Family Dr, Vera Hirschfeld Dr, K. Jakobi Mr. E. Fleischner Mr, E, Gans Mr, G, Gould Mrs, R, Hanauer Mr. Arthur Hirsh Mr. Alfred Jakobowski Mrs, G, Fleming Mrs, EUi Gans Mr, Alexander Gour- Mr, Dietrich Hanif Mrs, E, M, Hirst Mr, L, Gans vitch Mr, Robert Harben Mr, G, Hirst and Family Mr, B. Flesch Mr. S. E. James Mr, C, F. Flesch Mrs, V, Gans Mr, Robert N. Grabower Mrs, L, Harding Mrs, Charlotte Ganz Mr. Joseph Gradenwitz Mr, W, Harff Mr. H. H. Hirst, D.M.D. Mr, Egon Jameson Mr, Peter D, Flinn Dr. S. F. Hirst Mr. Alfred Jaretzki Dr, Hildegard Forres Mrs, Hedwig and Miss Mrs. K. J. Gradon Mrs. Gertrude Harmatz Dr. Paul Graetz Mr, Wilhelm Harmelin Mr, Paul H. Hochfeld Mrs. M. Jaretzki Mr. Walter J, Foster Hilda Ganz Hr, Richard Hochfeld Mr. G. H, Jarvis Dr. M. Fox Mr, Frederick Ganzl Rabbi Dr. L, Graf Mrs, Marie E. Harpner Dr, H, Granby Mrs, Felicia Hart Mrs, Thea E, Hochfeld Mr. H. Jason Dr. Robert Fox Mrs, Sylvia Garai Messrs, Josef Hochwald Mr, F, Jay Mrs, Marianne Gardener Mr, Paul Granby Mr. H. 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Mr, Peter Gellhorn Mr. Edgar Jonas Frank Paula Green Mr, A. Haymann Mr, Max Hofman Mr, G, Jonas Mr, Conrad Geralds Mrs. F, Greenbaum Mrs, Ruth Haymann Mrs. A, Holden Mrs, Carla Frank Mrs, Helene Gero Mr, W, Jonas Mrs, E. B, Frank Mr, A. Greenwood Mrs. U, Hayward Mrs. Hertha Holland Dr, W, R. Jondorf Mrs, E, Gerson Mrs. J, V, Greenwood Mr. G. K. Hecht Mrs, Mathilde Hollitscher Mr, F, Frank Mr. E. A, Gerstenberg Miss G, U, Jordan Mr, Frederick Frank Mr. K, Greenwood Mrs. R, Hecht Mrs, G. K. Holman Mr. L. F. Jordan Mr. H, Gerstl Mrs, C, Grieshaber Mr, A, Heckscher Mr, A. H, Holmes Mr, Herman and Mrs, A, Dr, Leo and Mrs, Anna Mr, H, Joseph Frank Mr, G, Griffen Mrs, Ellen Heckscher Mr, C, R, Holmes Mrs, Ilse Joseph Mr, and Mrs, J, Frank Marie Geschwind Mr, E, J. Grodszinsky Miss Margot A, Heiden­ Mr, G, Hoist Mrs, Ursula Joseph Mrs, Margaret L, Frank Mr, H, Gessler Mrs. Hilda Grodzinski heim Mr, W, B, P. Holt Dr, W, D. Joseph Miss Marion Frank Mrs, Selma Gessner Mr. H. Gronau Mr. F. Heilborn Rabbi Dr. and Mrs. P. Mrs. O. Josephs. D.M.D, Mr. F. M. Gross and Mr, Eric Heilbrunn Mrs, R. Frank Mrs, M, Ghosh Miss Adelheid Heimann Holzer Mr, R, Josephson Mrs. A. Frankel Mr, K, Giesskann, Family Mrs, Ursula Honigman Mrs, Charlotte Josephy Miss G, Gross Mrs, Anne Heimann Mrs. Jenny Frankel L.D,S„ R,C,S, Dr, Paula Heimann Mr, K, O. Horn Miss Edith T, Jourdan Mr, A, Frankenberg Mr, W, GUbert Mr, H, Gross Mr. Max Horn and Mrs, Else Juliusburger Mrs, M, Grossu Mr, F, Heinemann Mr, Alfred Franken- Mr, W, F. Gillard Dr, F, H, Heinemann Family Mr. N, Jurmann Mr, Siegfried GiUis Mr, Henry Gruen Mrs, Sara Horn Messrs, Jute Export Ltd, felder Mr, A, Gruenberg Dr. S, I, Heinsheimer Mr, K, Frankenschwerth Mr, E, F. GlanviUe Mrs, D. and Miss A, Dr. J. Horne Mr, Paul Frankfurther Dr, Fred Glaser Dr, H, G, Grundmann Messrs. E, Hornik Ltd. Mr, L, H, Franklin Mr, G, Glaser Mr, R, M, Grundmann Heitler Mr, Leo Horovitz K Mr, Kenneth D, Fraser Mr, G, Glaserfield Prof, H. 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Kay Mrs, Paula Krebs Leschke Dr. and Mrs. E. L, Miss D, Marx Mr, L. MitUn Mr, M, F, Kay Mr. and Mrs. C, M, Mrs, Ruth Leser Loewenthai Mrs, E, Marx Miss E. Mittler Mr, Rudyard Kaye Krelensztein Mrs, E, Lesheim Miss Gertrud Loewen­ Mrs, Gertrude Marx Miss I. Mittler Mrs. Eva Kayser Mrs, Erna Kremer Mr, C, L. Lesser thal Mrs. H. Mittwoch Lessiters Ltd. Mr. H, A, Marx Mr, Howard B. Keith Mrs, Friederike Kren Dr, and Mrs. H. Loewen­ Dr, Ludwig Marx Mr, Rudolph Mohr Mr, K. KeUner Mr, Edward I, Kriss Mrs, Regina Lessner thal Mr, L, Moller Mrs. Edith Kelson Mrs. M. Kristeller Mrs, H. Lester Mr. L. Loewenthal Mr. and Mrs, S. S, Marx Mr, W, J, MoUrich Mr. R, M, J. Kenber Dr, F, H, Kroch Mr, A, Leufer Mr, F. Loewy Mr, K, L. Maschler Prof, Arnaldo Kenleys Ltd. Mr, Otto Kromwell Miss LiUy A, Leven Dr. H. London Mr. E. Masel Momigliano Mr. W. Kenley Miss Lucie Kroner Dr. W, Leven Mr. G. Lopatka Mr. Richard Mattes Mr, and Mrs, R, Mont­ Mr. R. R. Kennard Mrs. Hedwig Kronheim Mr. S, S, Levi Mr. H. 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Koppel Ltd. Mr, W, E, Lion Mr. Herbert Newhouse Miss Irma Kom Mr, H, H. Lehmann Mrs. Frieda Lipman Dr, H. H, Margulies Mrs, Margaret Michelson Dr, S, Margulies Mr, Paul L, Michelson Mr. J. H. Newhouse Prof, H. L. Kornberg Dr. H. L. Lehmann Mrs. Else Lippmann Mr. Keith Newlands Mr. E. Korner Mr. H, L. Lehmann Mr. Max Lippmann Mr. E. N. Markovits and Family Mrs. Anna Markus Mrs. Helen Newman Mrs. Eva Kornik and Dr, O, Lehmann Mr. G. P. Lipton Mr, E. MUabowsky Mr. L. Newman and Family Dr, A, Lehner Mrs. Stephanie Lish Dr, O, Markus Mr, Leo Millar Mr. E. P. Kornitzer Mr, I. Leib Mr, K. Lissauer Mr. Henry Markus Mrs, I, Miller Family Mrs. Martha Korst Mrs, Anita Leigh Mr, Heinz Littauer Miss Susan Markus Mrs. Inge Miller and Mrs. W, Newman Mrs, Paula Kosses Mr, G. D, Leigh Mr, Ernest K. Litthauer Mr. H, G, Markward Family Mr. W. L, Newton Mrs, Elise Kraemer Mr, J, G, Leighton Dr, Ellen Littmann Mr, Martin Miller Mr, Arthur Ney Page 5

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Schott Mr. G, Silbermann Mr, F, B. Porges Dr, M. RoU Miss Eva Sachs Mr. Schottlaender Mrs, Lea Ortweiler Mr. Ernest J. Schragen­ Mr. John M. SUbermann Mr. and Mrs. V. Oster Mr, Ferdinand Porjes Mr, W. Roman J, B, Sachs & Co, Ltd. Mrs. Pauline Silbermann Mr, S, Posnanski Mrs, Elvira Romano Mr, Kurt Sachs heim Mr. and Mrs, W. Ostwald Mr. R. Schrecker Dr. K. Silberstein Mrs, G, Otte Mr. E, Posner Mr, K. Ronau Mrs, Lili Sachs Mr. Walter SUbiger Mr, Henry J, Posner Miss Edith and Miss Mr. T. K. Schrecker Mr, A. Otten Dr, W, Sachs Mrs. Alice Schreiber Messrs. SilkeUa Ltd. Mr. E. Otto Mr, Joseph Post and Irma Rose Mr, Robert A, Sack Mr. A. Silverman Mr, and Mrs. F. Rose Mrs. C, Schreiber Mr, K, M. Overman Family Dr. Erwin Saenger Mr. E. Schreiber Mrs. Liesl Silverstone Mr, Arthur Owen Mrs, L. Pototzky Mr, Siegmund Rose Mrs. Ilse Saenger Mr. and Mrs. H, Mr. Alfred Silzer Mr, M, Owers Mrs. Dorothea M. Potten Miss Hildegard Roseman Mr. A- Sahlman Mr. Bernard Simon Mrs. M. 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Pearl Mrs. Jeanette Rosenberg Mr, and Mrs, P, Schwab Mr, D, J, PeU Mr. Max Sander Mr, W. W. and Miss A. R, Mrs, G, Sims Dr, F, M. Penford R Mrs. Lotte Rosenberg Dr. Eric Sanders Mrs. M. von Simson Mr. Simon Perbohner Mr. and Mrs. Raphael Mr. and Mrs. R. Sanders Schwabe Mr. H. B, Sinclair Mrs, Gerda Perelstein Rosenberg Dr. Henry G, Sandheim Mr, Alexander Schwarz Dr, Alexander Singer Mr, and Mrs, Rafael Mrs, Luise Rachwalsky Mrs. Ruth Rosenberg Mr, B. M, Sandys Mrs, Amalie Schwarz and Family Mrs, E, Radnitz Mr. W. Rosenblatt Mr, Frank Saunders Miss D. Schwarz Mr, G, Singer Perez Mr. Paul Rado Mrs. Eva M. Rosenfeld Mr, K, Saunders Mr. Henry Schwarz Mr, Julian Singer Mr, H. Perger Mr. P, Raichman Mr, Friedrich Rosenfeld Mr, K, Saunders Mr. Karl Schwarz Mr, Leo Singer Mr, Ernst Perl Mr, Siegfried RaUing Mr. and Mrs. P, Rosen­ Miss S, A. Saunders Mr, K, and Mrs, G. Dr, Robert Singer Mrs. L. H, Perl Mr, Ernest H, Rainer feld Mrs. Kathe Schacherl Schwarz Dr, S, Singer Mrs. Ida Perle Mr, Alexander Rakos Mr, V, V. Rosenfeld Mr, J. Schachter Mrs, L. Schwarz The Misses Sophie and Mrs. H, Perlhoefter Mr, M, S, Rand Mr, H, H. Rosenheim Mr. M. Schaechter Mrs. L. Schwarz Gertrud Singer Dr. E. E. Perls Mrs, E, Rankl Mr, Werner Rosenmeyer Dr. Ernest Schaefer Mrs. L. C. Schwarz Mr, C. Singleton Dr. M, F, Pemtz Mr, and Mrs, Rapoch Dr, A. A. Rosenstrauch Mr. M. Schaefer Mrs, M, Schwarz and Mrs. Johanna Sington Dr. Fred Pesta Mr, and Mrs, H, A, Mr. Edwin Rosenstiel Mr. W. F, Schaefer Family Mr. W. Skaller Mrs. Hertha Pesta Rappolt Mrs. Ruth Peter Dr. Werner Rosenstock Dr, A. Scharf and Family Mr, R, Schwarz Mr. Max Sklarek Mr. W, A, Rappolt Mrs, Anna Rosenthal Mr, S, Scharf Mr, Rudolf Schwarz Mr. S. A, Sklarz Mrs. Frieda Peters Mr, K, and Mrs. Gerti Mr. Herbert Peters Mr, C, Rosenthal Mr, Stephan E, Schatt- Mr, Walter Schwarz Mr, M, Slater Mr. H. Petzal Rath Mr, E. J. M. Rosenthal mann Prof. Georg Schwarzen­ Mr, B, Slazenger Mr. E. W, PetzaU Mr. S. Rath Miss E. L. Rosenthal Miss Brigitte E, Schatzky berger Mrs, G, Sleigh Prof. R. Pfeiffer Dr. Franz Raubitschek Mrs. Elizabeth Rosenthal Mrs, Rosa Schauer Mrs. L. Schwarzenberger Messrs. Smartogs Ltd. Mr. G. PhiUp Mr. S, Rauchmann Dr, Ernst Rosenthal Mr, F. Scheinberger Mrs. Regina Schwarz­ Mrs. Elizabeth Smith Miss Elsbeth PhiUpp Mrs. Emilie Rauman Dr, Erwin J, Rosenthal Dr. H. G. Schenk schild Mrs. Hannah Smith Mr. A, L, Philippson Mrs, C, H. E, Raumann Mrs, F. Rosenthal Dr. H. Scherman Dr. Bruno Schweig Mrs. C. Snoad Dr. J, C, Philippson and Family Mr. and Mrs. H, Dr, E, Scheuer Mr. Henry Schweitzer Mr. Hans G, Soameson Mrs, Gertude Mr, S, Raumann Rosenthal Mr, E, Scheuer Mrs. Margot Schweitzer Mr, B. Sobel and Family Philippsthal Rev. Ernest J. Rawlings Miss H, and Miss B, Mr, Peter J, Scheuer Mr, J, Schwelm Mrs. G. Sobel Mrs, D, E. Philips Mr. G. F. Ray Rosenthal Mr, H. Scheyer Mr. A. Scott Mrs. Lydia Sokolowskl Mrs, Albertine Philips- Rev. John D. Rayner Mrs. I. M, Rosenthal Mrs. Marie Scheyer Mr, Herman Scott Dr. G. L. Somerfield Wiener Mr, H, Redel Mr, and Mrs, L, Mrs. B. and Miss L, Mr. Eugen Seelig Mr. F. L. Somers Mr. H. Redwood Schiff Mr, W, H, Seelig Mr, Henry Phillips Rosenthal Mr, A, Seeligmann Mrs. Charlotte Sommer Mr. and Mrs. F. Mr. H, Reece Mr, Leo Rosenthal Mr. W, Schiff Dr. and Mrs. E. Sommer Mr, S. Reece Mrs, Bertha Schiller Dr, L. Seewald PhiUipson Mr. Martin Rosenthal Mrs. P. Sefzik Mrs. L. Sommer Mr. Paul E, Rees Mrs. Nora Rosenthal Dr, M, SchiUer Mr. Walter Sondheim Page 6

Mr. E. H. Sondheimer Mrs. I, Stem Messrs. Vickers Brothers Mrs. Margaret Welkanoz Mr, Martin Wolff Prof. Franz Sondheimer Miss K. Stern (Properties) Ltd. Messrs. Osborne Well- Mr, W, Wolff Mr, Max Sondheimer Mrs. Lili Stem Mr. R. B. Tait Mr. Lesley Vickers man Ltd, Mrs, Wally Wolff Mrs, NeUle Sonneberg Mrs. M. Stern Mr. T. T. Tait Mrs, Helen Vogel Mrs, Rosa Wellner Mr. Walther Wolff Mrs. G, Sonneborn Mrs, M, A. and Miss G, C, Mr. E. W, Talbot Mrs, Johanna Vogel Mrs, H, Wells Mr. Werner Wolff Mr. E. A. Sonnenberg Stern Mrs. Else TaUert Mrs, Marie Vogel Mr, F, M, Welsh Dr. E. Wolffenstein Mrs, Grete Sonnenberg Mr. M. M, Stern Mrs. Edith Talley Mrs, Marthe Vogt Dr, R, Weltsch Miss Nelly Wolffheim Mr, Kurt Sonnenberg Mr, R, Stern Mr, F, Tannert Miss H. Voos Mr. G. W. Wendon Mrs, Irene Wolffing Mrs, Ella Sonnenfeld Mr. R, Stern Mr, Hans Tasiemka Mrs, Frida Vorhaus Mrs, Annie R, Wergin Mr. S. Wolffing Mrs, H, Sonnenfeld Mrs, R. E, Stern Mrs, Edith Tasker Mr, C. Voss Mr, C, Werner Mrs, Meta Wolfram and Mr, L, Sonnenthal Miss Renate Stem Mrs, Gertrude Tauber Mr, R, Voss Mrs, L, A, Werner Sister Mr, Richard Spear Mr, Richard Stern Mr, Walter Tebrich Miss S, de Vries Dr, T, A, Werner and Dr. Hermann Wolfsohn Mrs, Evie J, Specter Mr, S, M. Stern Mr. Hans TeUscher Family Mr, James I. Wolfson Mr, and Mrs. A. Speier Mr, W, Stern Mr. Richard Teltscher Mrs, E. Wertheim Miss Anna WoUner Mr, J. A. Spencer Mr. A, ThUo w Mr. Julius Wertheimer Mrs, F, Wollstein Mr. M, Spencer Mrs, W, Stem Mr, Henry Wolosker Mr, W, Stern Mrs. Idus Thomas Mr, Kurt Wachtel Mr, D, Wertheimer- Mr, E, J. Speyer Mrs. G. H. Thompson, Lichtenfeld Mr, M, Wolpert Mrs. Gabriele Speyer Mr. Walter Stern Mr. Albert Wagner Mr, Ernest A, Woodman Mr, S, Sternberg Ph.D. Mr, J, Wald Mr. R. Wessely Mr. D, W. Spicer Mr. K. M. Weston Miss Irma Woodman Mrs, Elsa Spiegl Miss Ester Sternheim Dr. H, A, Thorner Misses Fedora and Erna Messrs, Wool and Noils Mr, R, Stemer Mr, G, L, Tietz and Waldmann Mrs, D, Wetterhahn Dr, Ella F. Spiero Mrs, Paula Wetzlar Ltd, Mrs. Paula D, Spiero and Mrs, C, Sterzelbach Family Mr, and Mrs, F. Wallace Mrs, Ann C. Stewart Mr, U, E, Tietz Prof, F, J, WaUace Mrs. Elise Wetzler Mr, John E, Woolf Mr. H, Wetzler Mr, A, WooUon FamUy Mrs. Alice Stiebel Mrs. Kathe Tilsiter Mr, G, L. WaUace Mr, A, Worms Mrs. G. E, H, Spindel Miss Nora Stiebel and Miss Frieda Tischauer Mrs. J, WaUace Dr, and Mrs, P. T, Weyl Mrs, G, Wheen Mr, F. Simon Worms Mr, A, Spira Family Mrs. Else Toch Mr, E, Wallach Mrs, Meta Worms Mr, Robert Spira and Mr, S. Stiebel Mrs, Louise Todd Mr, E. WaUach Mrs, A, White Mrs. Tini Whiteside Dr, W. Worms Family Mrs, StiU Mrs. Catherine Todor Mrs, H. Wallach Mr. J. Woronowsky Mr, Emanuel Spitz Mrs, Alice Stoessl Toilet Goods Manufac­ Mr, John WaUer Mr. F. G. Whitman Mr, G. R, Whyte Mr, Ernest Worth Mrs, Frieda Spitz Mr, G. R, Stoppleman turing Co. Ltd, Mrs, Lore Waller Mr, B, Woyda and Mr, T, SpUz Mrs, Hermine Storch Mrs, H, Topiol and Mr. M. WaUich Mr, E, an(l Mrs, H. Miss E, Spitzer Mr, Edgar Stork Family Mr, F, Walter Wiener Family Mrs, Fanny Spitzer Dr, F, I. Wiener Mrs, Hertha Wreschner Mr, Martin Stranz and Mr, M, Trainin Mrs, Gertrude Walter Mr, Kurt Wreschner Miss F, Springer FamUy Mrs. Marie Rausch von Mr. Max Walter Mr. R, A, Wiesner Mr, M. Sprinz Mrs, Catharina C, Wild Mrs, Elizabeth Wright Mr, Walter J, Stranz Traubenberg and Mrs, S, WaUers and Mrs, H. Wronker Mr, Rudolph Sprinz Mr, H, Strasberg Family Family Dr. Julia WUde Mrs, R. Spmch Mrs, Emilia WUder Mr. G. L. Wulf Mr. Charles G. Strasser Mr. G, H, Treitel Mr, R. Walzer Mr. G. Wydra Mr. Jan J. Spyra Mr. Alfred Straus Dr. Theodor Treitel Mr. C. S, Warburg Mr, Arthur WilUams Mrs. Olga F. Staadecker Mr. Max Straus Mr, R, Trent and Family Mr, G, S. Warburg Mrs. I. Williams Mr. Peter Stadien Dr, Walter Straus Mr, W. Treuherz Mr, H. L. Ward Mrs, Elsa WiUner Mrs. Frida Stahl Prof, Albreeht B. Strauss Mrs, Ilse E, Trevor Mr. H, Wamer Mr. E. H. WUls Mr. T, Standish Miss AUce Strauss Mr, and Mrs. Leopold Mrs, Gertrude War­ Mrs, Lina Wilner Mr. George E. Young Mrs, E, J. Stanley Mr, B, Strauss Trier schauer Miss L. B. Winant Mr, H. Starke Mr, Charles S. Strauss Mr, P, E, Trier Mrs, Margarete War­ Mr, Chaim B. Wind z Mrs, C, Stechler Mr. Ernest N. Strauss Dr. Hans Tuch schauer Mr, J, D. Winter Mrs, Leonie Steer Mr, Leopold Winter Mrs, E, Stein Dr. F. B. Strauss Mrs, S, Tuch Mrs. V, Wassermann Mr. P. Zadek Mr. F. B. Strauss Mr, Albert Tugendhat Prof, A. Wasserstein Mr, and Mrs, O, Winter Dr, W. Zander Mrs. Hilda Stein Mr, R, W. Winter Prof, S. Stein Mr. H, Strauss Mr, and Mrs, H, Tunwell Mr, A. Waxman Mr, A, Zaudy Mr, H. Strauss Mr. K, H, W, Turck Miss G. M, Weber Mr, E, Winterburgh Mrs, Blanca Zedner Mrs, Elsbeth Steinberg Mrs, Anne Winternitz Mrs, Elsa Steindler Mrs. Ilse Strauss Mr, F, G, Turner Mrs. L, Wechsler Mr. Hans S, Zedner Mr. JuUus Strauss Mr. Harold Turner Mr, F, Weg Dr, Charlotte Wittels­ Dr, F. M. Steindler hoefer Dr, Leon Zeitlin Mr. E. J. Steindorff Dr. K. Strauss Mrs. L. Turner Mrs, Charlotte Weglein Mr. Alex Zelechower Mr. K. M. Strauss Mrs. L. Turower Miss Emma Weil Miss L, Wittelshofer Mr. Arnold Steiner Miss D, A, TuthiU Prof, Eric Wittkower Mr. George M. Zelenka Mrs. Dora R, Steiner Mrs. LiUy M. Strauss Mr, L, WeU Mr. and Mrs. John Mrs. Paula Strauss Mr. G, Weiler Mr, E. P. Wohlfarth Mr, F. H, Steiner Mr. P. Wohlfarth ZeUer Mr. F, M, Steiner Misses Trude and Louise Mrs, Ingelore D, Wein­ Mr. E. E. Zepler Mr, Frantisek Steiner Strauss u berg Dr. H, Wohlfeld Miss F, Wolf Mrs. Marie Zerkowski Dr. G. Steiner Mr. Walter Strauss Mr, Martin Ullmann Mr, Julius Weinberg Mr. Hans Ziebland Mr. Kurt Steiner Mr. Walter S. Strauss Miss M. Weinberg Mr. G, V, Wolf Mr, Frederick Ullstein Miss nse Wolf Dr, Othmar Ziegler Miss Margaret Steiner Mr. G, Streat and Family Mr, Samuel Ulman Mr. John H. Weinberger Dr, Kurt S, Zinnemann Mrs, T, E. Steiner Mr, M, G. Streat Mr. Alexander Weinreb Mrs, M, Wolf Mr, J, Ungar Dr, M, E, Wolf Mr. E, Zirker Mr. W. A. Steiner Dr. H. H. G, Striesow Dr, Alfred H, Unger Mrs. Adele Weinschenk Mrs, E. Steinhardt Mrs, Hannah Hedwig Mr, A, Weisl Mr, Herbert M. Wolfe Dr. S. Zivadinovic Mr. H. Steinhardt United Chrometanners Mrs, Raymond Wolfe Mrs, H, Zmuda Striesow Ltd, Mr. Alfred Weiss Mrs. J, L, Steinhardt Mrs, Gertrude Stross Mr. G, A, Weiss Mr. A, Wolff Mr. W. E, ZoeUner Mr, W. J, Steinthal Mr, David Urbach Mrs, E. A, Wolff and Mr, E, Zorek and Family Mrs. L, H, Ursell Mr, Gusti Weiss Mr. E. Stengel Mr, H, H, Stroud Miss Margaret Weiss Family Mr, G. Zucker Mrs. Charlotte E. Sten- Mr, and Mrs, Peter Ury Mrs, Elsa Wolff Mr, C, Zukotynski Mr. Frank Summerfield Mr, Erik E. Utitz Mr, Robert H, Weiss Mr. and Mrs, P, Summer- Mr, S, Weiss Dr, Emmy Wolff Mrs, Helen Zunz Mrs. Margit Utitz Mrs, Frieda Wolff ham and Family field Mrs, V, Weiss Miss Hilde Zweig Miss Frieda Wolff Mr. Konrad Zweig Mrs. I. Stephan Mr, Albert Susskind Prof, K, Weissenberg Mrs. Elsie Stephany Mrs, Helene Susskind Mr. H. Wolff Mrs, H, Zwirn Mr. Alfred Stern Dr. W, Susskind Mr, O, Weisz Mrs, H, Wolff Rabbi Dr, W, van der Mrs. A, Valentine Mrs, Rosa Weisz Dr, H, H, Wolff Mr. Alfred S. Stem Mrs, Emmy Sussmann Zyl Mrs. Anne Stem Mr. H, I. Sussmann Mr. Erwin Valk Mr. V. Weisz ("Vicky") Mrs, Use Wolff Mrs, Carla Stem Mrs, Joan Swingler Mr. W, J, Valk Mrs, Julie Weiszberg Mr, E, Stem Mrs, Margot Sylett Mr, and Mrs, M, Vanson Mrs, Adele Weiszbrunn Mrs, Eva S, Stem Mr. Imre Szekely Mr, E. Vasen A further number of donors wished to Mr, H, G, Stem Dr. Paul Szekely Mr, E, Velden Dr, Josef Weitz Mr. H, H. Stem Dr. S. Velden Mr. M. Weldon remain anonymous.

Any required corrections or alterations of entries ip this Preliminary List should be reported to the Office and wiU be incorporated into the Final List to be published after the end of the Appeal

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