DOCSLIB.ORG

Oculomotor Disorders in Neck Pain Patients

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Oculomotor Disorders in Neck Pain Patients Oculomotor disorders in neck pain patients in neck disorders Oculomotor UITNODIGING Voor het bijwonen van de openbare verdediging van het proefschrift Oculomotor disorders in neck pain patients Op woensdag 16 januari 2019 om 09.30 uur precies in de Oculomotor disorders Prof. Andries Querido-zaal (Eg-370) van het Erasmus Medisch Centrum. Dr. Molewaterplein 40, in neck pain patients 3015 GD Rotterdam. Britta Castelijns Ischebeck Na afloop van de plechtigheid bent u van harte uitgenodigd voor de receptie in de foyer. Britta Castelijns Ischebeck Saksen Weimarlaan 56, 4818 LC Breda 06-46008080 - [email protected] Paranimfen: Karina Bölger - [email protected] Jurryt de Vries - [email protected] Britta Castelijns Ischebeck Castelijns Britta ISBN 978-94-6332-439-7 Britta proefschrift.indd 4-6 14-11-18 21:31 Britta_Uitnodiging dag.indd 1 28-11-18 08:22 Oculomotor disorders in neck pain patients Britta Kristina Castelijns Ischebeck Oculomotor Disorders In Neck Pain Patients Oculomotorische functiestoornissen bij nekpatiënten Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof. dr. R.C.M.E. Engels en volgens het besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op 16 januari 2019 om 9.30 uur Acknowledgements: The work presented in this thesis was performed in the Department of Neuroscience of Erasmus MC in Rotterdam, The Netherlands and in the Spine& Joint Centre, door Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Cover: Sjoerd Cloos Britta Kristina Castelijns Ischebeck Photo: Rob van Dalen geboren te Wuppertal (Duitsland) ISBN: 978-94-6332-439-7 © Britta Castelijns Ischebeck, 2018. All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means without permission of the author or the publishers of the included scientific articles. Oculomotor Disorders In Neck Pain Patients Oculomotorische functiestoornissen bij nekpatiënten Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op gezag van de rector magnificus Prof. dr. R.C.M.E. Engels en volgens het besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op 16 januari 2019 om 9.30 uur Acknowledgements: The work presented in this thesis was performed in the Department of Neuroscience of Erasmus MC in Rotterdam, The Netherlands and in the Spine& Joint Centre, door Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Cover: Sjoerd Cloos Britta Kristina Castelijns Ischebeck Photo: Rob van Dalen geboren te Wuppertal (Duitsland) ISBN: 978-94-6332-439-7 © Britta Castelijns Ischebeck, 2018. All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means without permission of the author or the publishers of the included scientific articles. Promotiecommissie: Promotor: Prof.dr. M.A. Frens Prof.dr. G-J Kleinrensink Overige leden: Dr. J.J. van der Dobbelsteen Prof.dr. G.M. Ribbers Prof.dr. J. van der Steen Copromotoren: Dr. J.N. van der Geest Dr. J.P. van Wingerden Paranimfen: Karina Bölger Jurryt de Vries, MSc In Gedenken an meinen Vater Ernst Friedrich Ischebeck Promotiecommissie: Promotor: Prof.dr. M.A. Frens Prof.dr. G-J Kleinrensink Overige leden: Dr. J.J. van der Dobbelsteen Prof.dr. G.M. Ribbers Prof.dr. J. van der Steen Copromotoren: Dr. J.N. van der Geest Dr. J.P. van Wingerden Paranimfen: Karina Bölger Jurryt de Vries, MSc In Gedenken an meinen Vater Ernst Friedrich Ischebeck Chapter 1: Inhoud Chapter 1: General introduction ............................................................................................................. 7 General introduction Chapter 2: Eye movements in patients with WAD: a systematic review .............................................. 21 Chapter 3: Eye stabilization reflexes in traumatic and non-traumatic chronic neck pain patients ...... 37 Chapter 4: Cervico-ocular Reflex Is Increased in People with Nonspecific Neck Pain .......................... 51 Chapter 5: What affects eye stabilization reflexes of chronic neck pain patients? .............................. 65 Chapter 6: The relation between Joint Position Error and Cervico-Ocular Reflex in people with non- specific neck pain. ................................................................................................................................. 81 Chapter 7: Small effects of neck torsion on healthy human voluntary eye movements ...................... 93 Chapter 8: Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Deficits in Patients with Whiplash and Neck Pain are Modulated by Target Predictability ..................................................................................................... 109 Chapter 9: The influence of cervical movement on eye stabilization reflexes: a randomized trial.... 123 Chapter 10: General discussion........................................................................................................... 137 Chapter 11: Summary ......................................................................................................................... 149 Chapter 12: Samenvatting .................................................................................................................. 153 Chapter 13: Curriculum vitae .............................................................................................................. 157 Chapter 14: phD- portfolio .................................................................................................................. 159 Chapter 1: Inhoud Chapter 1: General introduction ............................................................................................................. 7 General introduction Chapter 2: Eye movements in patients with WAD: a systematic review .............................................. 21 Chapter 3: Eye stabilization reflexes in traumatic and non-traumatic chronic neck pain patients ...... 37 Chapter 4: Cervico-ocular Reflex Is Increased in People with Nonspecific Neck Pain .......................... 51 Chapter 5: What affects eye stabilization reflexes of chronic neck pain patients? .............................. 65 Chapter 6: The relation between Joint Position Error and Cervico-Ocular Reflex in people with non- specific neck pain. ................................................................................................................................. 81 Chapter 7: Small effects of neck torsion on healthy human voluntary eye movements ...................... 93 Chapter 8: Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Deficits in Patients with Whiplash and Neck Pain are Modulated by Target Predictability ..................................................................................................... 109 Chapter 9: The influence of cervical movement on eye stabilization reflexes: a randomized trial.... 123 Chapter 10: General discussion........................................................................................................... 137 Chapter 11: Summary ......................................................................................................................... 149 Chapter 12: Samenvatting .................................................................................................................. 153 Chapter 13: Curriculum vitae .............................................................................................................. 157 Chapter 14: phD- portfolio .................................................................................................................. 159 Chapter 15: Dankwoord ...................................................................................................................... 161 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION NECK PAIN In the western world the prevalence of people with chronic neck pain is increasing and accompanied by growing costs for the health care systems 1–6. In the Netherlands the prevalence of chronic neck pain was estimated to be 14.3% (2009) 7. Despite all efforts, recovery rates were not substantially improved over the last decades. Half of the patients with traumatic neck pain do not recover within the first three months. This has a significant impact on their lives 8–10. While some individuals recover quickly and fully, others experience on-going pain and disability 11. It is not known yet why the process of recovery differs so much between patients. The onset of neck pain can be either traumatic or non-traumatic 1,3. However, the distinction between these two types is rather arbitrary, as we do not know which impact leads to eventual trauma and causes damage 12,13. Moreover, the impact of the trauma does not by definition explain the diverse symptoms Figure 1: Initial phases of head-neck response to automotive rear impacts. The rear impact initiates with the occupant in a neutral of the patient 8,14 and we do not know whether the characteristics of the course of recovery are different upright position. As the thorax is accelerated anteriorly, the head remains stationary during the retraction phase, producing an S- shaped cervical spine curvature. Eventually, loads from the thorax are transferred up the cervical spine and the head-neck between the two types of origin. Also other factors are predisposing factors for the prognosis 11. Some complex transitions into extension, with the cervical spine in an overall C-shaped extension curvature. The head eventually rebounds forward (not shown), and the cervical spine then transitions into flexion.12 patients suffer from severe symptoms after a mild trauma
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bedside Neuro-Otological Examination and Interpretation of Commonly
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.2004.054478 on 24 November 2004. Downloaded from BEDSIDE NEURO-OTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION AND INTERPRETATION iv32 OF COMMONLY USED INVESTIGATIONS RDavies J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75(Suppl IV):iv32–iv44. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.054478 he assessment of the patient with a neuro-otological problem is not a complex task if approached in a logical manner. It is best addressed by taking a comprehensive history, by a Tphysical examination that is directed towards detecting abnormalities of eye movements and abnormalities of gait, and also towards identifying any associated otological or neurological problems. This examination needs to be mindful of the factors that can compromise the value of the signs elicited, and the range of investigative techniques available. The majority of patients that present with neuro-otological symptoms do not have a space occupying lesion and the over reliance on imaging techniques is likely to miss more common conditions, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), or the failure to compensate following an acute unilateral labyrinthine event. The role of the neuro-otologist is to identify the site of the lesion, gather information that may lead to an aetiological diagnosis, and from there, to formulate a management plan. c BACKGROUND Balance is maintained through the integration at the brainstem level of information from the vestibular end organs, and the visual and proprioceptive sensory modalities. This processing takes place in the vestibular nuclei, with modulating influences from higher centres including the cerebellum, the extrapyramidal system, the cerebral cortex, and the contiguous reticular formation (fig 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction the Vestibular Stimulus Turntable
    Journal of Vestibular Research, Vol. 1, pp. 223-239, 1990/91 0957-4271/91 $3.00 + .00 Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1991 Pergamon Press pic EFFECT OF INCISIONS IN THE BRAINSTEM COMMISSURAL NETWORK ON THE SHORT-TERM VESTIBULO-OCULAR ADAPTATION OF THE CAT G. Cheron The Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mons, 24, avenue du Champ de Mars, 7000 Mons, Belgium Reprint address: G. Cheron, The Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mons, 24, avenue du Champ de Mars, 7000 Mons, Belgium o Abstract - This study was intended to test the combined stimulation during the training was still adaptive plasticity of the vestibulo-ocular reflex be­ operative in all lesioned cats, the adaptive plastic­ fore and after either a midsagittal or parasagittal ity was completely abolished by the lesions. These incision in the brainstem. Eye movements were results suggest that the commissural brainstem net­ measured with the electromagnetic search coil tech­ work may playa crucial role in the acquisition of nique during the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VORD) the forced VOR adaptation. in the dark, the optokinetic reflex (OKN), and the visuo-vestibular adaptive training procedure. Two o Keywords - ve-stibulo-ocular adaptation; types of visual-vestibular combined stimulation brain stem commissural incisions; cat. were applied by means of low frequency stimuli (0.05 to 0.10 Hz). In order to increase or decrease the VORD gain, the optokinetic drum was oscil­ lated either 180° out-of-phase or in-phase with Introduction the vestibular stimulus turntable. This "training" procedure was applied for 4 hours.
    [Show full text]
  • Perception, Perfusion & Posture
    Perception, Perfusion & Posture Billy L Luu Ph.D. Thesis University of New South Wales 2010 THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: LUU First name: BILLY Other name/s: LIANG Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: MEDICAL SCIENCES Faculty: MEDICINE Title: PERCEPTION, PERFUSION & POSTURE Upright posture is a fundamental and critical human behaviour that places unique demands on the brain for motor and cardiovascular control. This thesis examines broad aspects of sensorimotor and cardiovascular function to examine their interdependence, with particular emphasis on the physiological processes operating during standing. How we perceive the forces our muscles exert was investigated by contralateral weight matching in the upper limb. The muscles on one side were weakened to about half their strength by fatigue and by paralysis with curare. In two subjects with dense large-diameter neuropathy, fatigue made lifted objects feel twice as heavy but in normal subjects it made objects feel lighter. Complete paralysis and recovery to half strength also made lifted objects feel lighter. Taken together, these results show that although a signal within the brain is available, this is not how muscle force is normally perceived. Instead, we use a signal that is largely peripheral reafference, which includes a dominant contribution from muscle spindles. Unlike perception of force when lifting weights, it is shown that we perceive only about 15% of the force applied by the legs to balance the body when standing. A series of experiments show that half of the force is provided by passive mechanics and most of the active muscle force is produced by a sub- cortical motor drive that does not give rise to a sense of muscular force through central efference copy or reafference.
    [Show full text]
  • A Dictionary of Neurological Signs
    FM.qxd 9/28/05 11:10 PM Page i A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS SECOND EDITION FM.qxd 9/28/05 11:10 PM Page iii A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS SECOND EDITION A.J. LARNER MA, MD, MRCP(UK), DHMSA Consultant Neurologist Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool Honorary Lecturer in Neuroscience, University of Liverpool Society of Apothecaries’ Honorary Lecturer in the History of Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, U.K. FM.qxd 9/28/05 11:10 PM Page iv A.J. Larner, MA, MD, MRCP(UK), DHMSA Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery Liverpool, UK Library of Congress Control Number: 2005927413 ISBN-10: 0-387-26214-8 ISBN-13: 978-0387-26214-7 Printed on acid-free paper. © 2006, 2001 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dis- similar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to propri- etary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omis- sions that may be made.
    [Show full text]
  • The Accessory Optic System: Basic Organization with an Update on Connectivity, Neurochemistry, and Function
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title The accessory optic system: basic organization with an update on connectivity, neurochemistry, and function. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3v25z604 Journal Progress in brain research, 151 ISSN 0079-6123 Authors Giolli, Roland A Blanks, Robert H I Lui, Fausta Publication Date 2005 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Chapter 13 The accessory optic system: basic organization with an update on connectivity, neurochemistry, and function Roland A. Giolli1, , , Robert H.I. Blanks1, 2 and Fausta Lui3 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, College of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA 2Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Rd., P.O. Box 3091, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA 3Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Fisiologia, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41100, Modena, Italy Available online 10 October 2005. Abstract The accessory optic system (AOS) is formed by a series of terminal nuclei receiving direct visual information from the retina via one or more accessory optic tracts. In addition to the retinal input, derived from ganglion cells that characteristically have large receptive fields, are direction-selective, and have a preference for slow moving stimuli, there are now well-characterized afferent connections with a key pretectal nucleus (nucleus of the optic tract) and the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus. The efferent connections of the AOS are robust, targeting brainstem and other structures in support of visual-oculomotor events such as optokinetic nystagmus and visual–vestibular interaction. This chapter reviews the newer experimental findings while including older data concerning the structural and functional organization of the AOS.
    [Show full text]
  • Suppression of the Rotational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex During a Baseball Pitch
    Suppression of the Rotational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex during a Baseball Pitch THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marc A. Burcham Graduate Program in Vision Science The Ohio State University 2010 Master's Examination Committee: Nicklaus Fogt, O.D., Ph.D., Advisor Gilbert Pierce, O.D., Ph.D. Andrew Hartwick, O.D., Ph.D. Copyright by Marc A. Burcham 2010 Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine to what extent individuals could cancel the rotational vestibulo-ocular reflex (RVOR) in order to track an accelerating, high speed ball. More specifically, this study was designed to determine if subjects could successfully track a baseball pitch while viewing the ball through small apertures. While wearing these aperture goggles, we hypothesized that the batsmen would have to increase the rotational amplitude of their heads while successfully suppressing their rotational vestibulo-ocular reflex in order to accurately track a pitched baseball. Subjects were tested using a pitching machine called the Flamethrower under normal viewing conditions (no apertures), then while wearing apertures that subtended 3.3 degrees of visual field, and finally under normal viewing conditions again. In the final trial (normal viewing), subjects were encouraged to replicate the eye and head movements adopted while wearing the apertures. Tennis balls were pitched from a distance of 44 feet from the batter at a measured velocity of approximately 80 miles per hour. Eye movements were recorded with the ISCAN infrared eye tracker and horizontal head rotations were recorded with the 3DM-GX1 head tracker.
    [Show full text]
  • Spherical Arena Reveals Optokinetic Response Tuning to Stimulus Location
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Spherical arena reveals optokinetic response tuning to stimulus location, size, and frequency across entire visual field of larval zebrafish Florian A Dehmelt1†, Rebecca Meier1†, Julian Hinz1†‡, Takeshi Yoshimatsu2, Clara A Simacek1, Ruoyu Huang1, Kun Wang1, Tom Baden2, Aristides B Arrenberg1* 1University of Tu¨ bingen, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Institute of Neurobiology, Tu¨ bingen, Germany; 2Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Sussex, United Kingdom Abstract Many animals have large visual fields, and sensory circuits may sample those regions of visual space most relevant to behaviours such as gaze stabilisation and hunting. Despite this, relatively small displays are often used in vision neuroscience. To sample stimulus locations across most of the visual field, we built a spherical stimulus arena with 14,848 independently controllable LEDs. We measured the optokinetic response gain of immobilised zebrafish larvae to stimuli of *For correspondence: different steradian size and visual field locations. We find that the two eyes are less yoked than aristides.arrenberg@uni- previously thought and that spatial frequency tuning is similar across visual field positions. tuebingen.de However, zebrafish react most strongly to lateral, nearly equatorial stimuli, consistent with † previously reported spatial densities of red, green, and blue photoreceptors. Upside-down These authors contributed equally to this work experiments suggest further extra-retinal processing. Our results demonstrate that motion vision circuits in zebrafish are anisotropic, and preferentially monitor areas with putative behavioural ‡ Present address: Friedrich relevance. Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Basel, Switzerland Competing interests: The Introduction authors declare that no The layout of the retina, and the visual system as a whole, evolved to serve specific behavioural tasks competing interests exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Handbook on Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
    Alekseenko YU.V. HANDBOOK ON CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY FOR STUDENTS OF MEDICAL FACULTY Vitebsk - 2005 УДК 616.8+616.8-089(042.3/;4) ~ А 47 Алексеенко Ю.В. А47 Пособие по неврологии и нейрохирургии для студентов факуль­ тета подготовки иностранных граждан: пособие / составитель Ю.В. Алексеенко. - Витебск: ВГМ У, 2005,- 495 с. ISBN 985-466-119-9 Учебное пособие по неврологии и нейрохирургии подготовлено в соответствии с типовой учебной программой по неврологии и нейрохирургии для студентов лечебного факультетов медицинских университетов, утвержденной Министерством здравоохра­ нения Республики Беларусь в 1998 году В учебном пособии представлены ключевые разделы общей и частной клиниче­ ской неврологии, а также нейрохирургии, которые имеют большое значение в работе врачей общей медицинской практики и системе неотложной медицинской помощи: за­ болевания периферической нервной системы, нарушения мозгового кровообращения, инфекционно-воспалительные поражения нервной системы, эпилепсия и судорожные синдромы, демиелинизирующие и дегенеративные поражения нервной системы, опу­ холи головного мозга и черепно-мозговые повреждения. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов медицинского университета и врачей-стажеров, проходящих подготовку по неврологии и нейрохирургии. if' \ * /’ L ^ ' i L " / УДК 616.8+616.8-089(042.3/.4) ББК 56.1я7 б.:: удгритний I ISBN 985-466-119-9 2 CONTENTS Abbreviations 4 Motor System and Movement Disorders 5 Motor Deficit 12 Movement (Extrapyramidal) Disorders 25 Ataxia 36 Sensory System and Disorders of Sensation
    [Show full text]
  • A Dictionary of Neurological Signs.Pdf
    A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS THIRD EDITION A DICTIONARY OF NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS THIRD EDITION A.J. LARNER MA, MD, MRCP (UK), DHMSA Consultant Neurologist Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool Honorary Lecturer in Neuroscience, University of Liverpool Society of Apothecaries’ Honorary Lecturer in the History of Medicine, University of Liverpool Liverpool, U.K. 123 Andrew J. Larner MA MD MRCP (UK) DHMSA Walton Centre for Neurology & Neurosurgery Lower Lane L9 7LJ Liverpool, UK ISBN 978-1-4419-7094-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-7095-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7095-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010937226 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2001, 2006, 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Characteristics of Optokinetic Eye-Movement Patterns: a Comparative Study
    AM 70-10 SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTOKINETIC EYE-MOVEMENT PATTERNS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY William E. Collins, Ph.D. David J. Schroeder, Ph.D. Nancy Rice, B. A. Ruth Ann Mertens, M. S. Gail Kranz, B. S. Approved by Released by ~AM> ~~ P. v. SiEGEL, M.D. CHIEF, CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INSTITUTE FEDERAL AIR SURGEON July 1970 Department of Transportation FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Office of Aviation Medicine SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTOKINETIC EYE-MOVEMENT PATTERNS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY 1. Problem. netic stimulation throughout a 30-sec stimulus Optokinetic nystagmus is an ocular rea~tion period. If so, the eye, within this short a period which occurs when a series of moving obJects of time, would track at slower and slower ve­ crosses the visual field, or when an obser:er locities. In addition, certain types of work have moves past a series of objects.30 The eyes m­ been reported to produce an un~~sired occup~­ vohmtarily track the visual stimulus to the edge tional nystagmus. The most familiar of these IS o£ the visual field or to the limit of comfortable "miner's nystagmus"-a condition believed to be gaze, and then make a rapid corrective movement due to long periods of visual demand under_ very in the opposite direction ;3 they then fixate on a poor lighting conditions. Less well-known IS the new stimulus, repeat the pattern of slow (fol­ occupational nystagmus found many years ago lowino-) and quick (return) movements, and for train dispatchers ;26 it appeared to be related therebyb generate an ocular nystagmus. 21 p a t - to job tasks which required continual movement terns of optokinetic nystagmus, although report­ of the head and eyes over a busy dispatcher's edly noted as early as 1825 by Purkinje while train movement sheet, as well as continual move­ observing a crowd at a cavalry parade,12 have ment of that sheet (sheet dimensions were 5-9 long been associated with transportation; Helm­ feet by 2-3 feet, ruled into approximately 4000 holtz is cited as having mentioned in an 1866 small rectangles .
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional and Non-Traditional Inputs to the Vestibular System
    Traditional and Non-Traditional Inputs to the Vestibular System By Stephanie Eileen Wiitala A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Biomedical Engineering) in The University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Professor William Michael King, Chair Assistant Professor Cynthia A. Chestek Professor Susan E. Shore Assistant Professor Kathleen H. Sienko Stephanie E. Wiitala [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7160-0260 © Stephanie E. Wiitala 2018 For two Elizabeths: Mary Elizabeth and Nancy Elizabeth, and two Michaels: Michael Oliver and Michael Banning ii Table of Contents Dedication ....................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. v List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... vii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ viii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Vestibular Periphery
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Analysis of Spontaneous Saccade-Like Rapid Eye Movements
    Neuroscience Research 58 (2007) 324–331 www.elsevier.com/locate/neures Quantitative analysis of spontaneous saccade-like rapid eye movements in C57BL/6 mice Tomoya Sakatani a,b,*, Tadashi Isa a,b a Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan b Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan Received 30 January 2007; accepted 4 April 2007 Available online 13 April 2007 Abstract Saccadic eye movement is a rapid shift of eye position to capture an object in the environment. In this study, we will describe the fundamental properties of spontaneously evoked saccade-like rapid eye movement (SLREM) in mice in order to establish the mouse experimental model for studying saccades. Spontaneous SLREM were recorded and analyzed in C57BL/6 mice in a quantitative manner, using high-speed video- oculography at a high temporal resolution (240 frames/s) under head-fixed conditions. Mice made spontaneous SLREMs in the dark with median amplitude of 14.3 Æ 2.18, mainly in the horizontal direction. The peak velocity of SLREM increased almost linearly against its amplitude with slope of 43.6 Æ 6.1 (8/s)/8 in the upward, 63.3 Æ 18.0 (8/s)/8 in the downward, 51.3 Æ 3.9 (8/s)/8 in the nasal, and 31.7 Æ 3.2 (8/s)/8 in the temporal direction. The duration of SLREM was 56.6 Æ 23.3 ms in the upward, 57.3 Æ 18.0 ms in the downward, 52.0 Æ 5.0 ms in the nasal, and 69.3 Æ 5.5 ms in the temporal direction.
    [Show full text]