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An Analysis of Teacher Turnover in the Stockton Unified School District for the School Years 1954-56

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An Analysis of Teacher Turnover in the Stockton Unified School District for the School Years 1954-56 University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1958 An analysis of teacher turnover in the Stockton Unified School District for the school years 1954-56 Robert Earl Maxwell University of the Pacific Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Maxwell, Robert Earl. (1958). An analysis of teacher turnover in the Stockton Unified School District for the school years 1954-56. University of the Pacific, Thesis. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/ uop_etds/1376 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AN ANALYSlS OF TEACHER TURNOVER IN THE STOCKTON tJNIFlE:P SCHOOL :PISTR!C'l* •·'i• FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR$ 19$4•56 .\ . ,... ,. f ' ..,.. ' l I ' ' ·A·'l'h~HJi$ ·t>l"esente<i ·tC~> the· Faault;r of tht;~ School ot Ed.udation The college of'·~h.e Pacific ,·· \ • • > -~ ••• : .• · •. <, :tn Partial. ,ulfillment· of' the Req,uirements.tor the Oegl:"ee i i i' :4 . ' ' T Master of' A:rts in Ed.uoat1on ...·~- ... -~r--· :__:_~ ,: b;Y' !obe~tll:az.l. Maxwell TA:SL'S OF CONTENTS ~, CHAPTlli'li . PAGB I • ' INtt'RODUCTION '. • • ·• • • • • •• • • • • • .. 1 ~ne ~roolem • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ·•· •... The Purpose Gt the Study • • .. • • • .. • • • • ' • • .. "' . ·- . '6 I 6 .. ... ·- -· . i ' 8 REVIEW OF .THE Ll/I'E!Artt1aE • • • • • 9 L1teratur~ on the Ji:l(;tent of Teacher Turnover • 9 LiteratUre on the Causes of Teacher Turnover • ll. ll:t ~~· ·.. SOURCES 'OF DATA 'AND METHOPS OF PROCEDURE • • . .. 18 f I ~ Sou~oe's ~· I 'of' Da t;;a · •· • • • • • •• • • • • • • • l8 ~~ .. • • • • • • • • • • • 20 I -~ IV. EX'l'gNT STOCKTON • ·• • 2,5 r THTi: OF TEACHER TUB.NOVElt IN I r IJ;ihe Extent of.Teaoher Turnover in Stookton • • 25 t • • • • . -··· . .. .. • • 28 ·q\'i~a~a,e~ertsties. ot· the ,ae:slgni!l$ TelM1hers, · ,, j . ·,. t I f. ....! . •:·' ..../ .I .I.... •· ·• . .. )9 I I . ,:·; 'ill CHAPI).'EB PAGE. VI •. ·. SUMMARY• CONCLtTSIONS • AND l'$QOMi'~TENDATIONS • • . .. ' 70 70 , j ,, •> ~.> t ,, ,1 ., • ._, Reoomm$nd.a:~ 1<Pn$ ~ · ~ , ~- •. • • f , ~ ,. • ~. ~- • • 75 ' ' BIBLIQGRAPff$ • * • • ', • ' ill ' •.. ~ ' 'I ' • ' ~ ' • .• • • • • ' • • •. ' 0: 19 APPENDIX. 82. [ f F ± ' ' i: I I ~I I. ·· TEtaohe:rs. Leaving the Stockton Unified Sohool . .. XI. NU.rnber and Percentage or Oe~tit ioa ted P~rson- < • .- • ' ' • ' • • ' • • " .ne1 L~taving Various California Unified. $eh,<:lol t>iatriots 1 195,•.54 • • • • .. • .~ •• • • Il:t •. · Number and Pereent$gt ot O$tt'IH.tieated Pe:11s.on"" nel Leaving Varieu$ California Unified. · SChtiH}l P1str:l¢ts l l9S4•.S!f • . • • • • • • • • it ;. IV. Number a:nd Percentage of Csrtifioated. Person• nel LtU\Ving various California Unified School Distriots, 1955•56 ...... • • • • 31 .. v. Number of Teachers Leaving the Stockton Unified Sohool Distt-iot, :1,.954-1956 1 Because of' DtsmiasaJ., District Requested Sesig... ~ ' nation• and Tt\laoher Requested Resignat1on1 t- 34 i • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • it .. VI. Reaa·oni Given for Voluntary Resignations or '.reachers trom the Stockton U!lified School PlstP1ct, l954·19S6 ,. •• • ••••••• . .. '·'· '·f. Vll. N\i(llb~~.and. Per()•ntag• ,of T~aohers R$signi:ng = ,.,"""I~-=- -' .. , by,Va:ricl>-u$ Ag$ Gr0'Ups; Stockton Unified • • •. • • .• • lJ • • 41 I .·I ',rABLE PAGE VIII. A aompar1s<Jn ot the Nun1be~ and l?En.-.centage of ,..... T~aohers ot Ea0h Sex ·~mploy~d and Resigning '. } ' ' Jttom the $to0kton Unifie~ SOh¢ol D1st~1ot; . ' • f • • . • • , .. •• . ' . • • .IX. Numbe:r and., :Percentage of TeaonerEJ a~signing ". by Grade Level, Stookton Unified School t ~ o; ~· t)i~triot, 1955•$6 •• , •••• • •• • • .. .. x.·. Number and. P$:NJ$nta:ge of Teachers n~s~gnlng ' . I : .• ~ ,i ·!- $ ·~. '1 '-, -(. ' ' Stocktoti Unified' Senool D1st:r1ot, 1955 ... 56 ..... XI. NUmbE*r and Percerttage ot ~eaohers It~signing t from the Various Seoond.a.:ry $ohools, ; • ; 01' t. " -~· .i i ;, " ·.~ ~ ~ ~ ~I Adm1n1st:rati on, and. S~eoial Services • . .~ i Stookt6n Unified. School District, l955•.S6 • • 46' F ';,: ·' ' '. ! t ( XII• Numb$!" arid. l?er.<lantage ot Resigning Tea.tihe~s ' . \ ' : : ' '. ' '; ~ • ' . ·, . 't ' ' . :1~: :~·· f!ol~il!lg Va:r.l:¢us .AGla.d.emiQ D~agrees; . Stockton ' . Unified School :Oist:Piot, l95.5i!;\56 •••••• 48 ~ ' ! j. ~ .;. ~ i .... 1 t.. • "" ~ ''\. '{ i ~ i- ~ ,, XI:;u:; · Number and Pel"'centage of Resigning Teachers Having Various Credentials, Stookton Unified $oh.oo~ ~iatrleii., 195$•56 • • ~ • • • • • • • Stookt~:ri .Unified $ohQol ~1atr1et, 19,.5•$6 •• so - ~ ' · v1 'l'AB~E . • , XV+ Length ·ot· Serv1ee ot· the ·aesis;ning rteaohers with ·the Stookton Uniti~d Sonool D1str1et, .. ' 5l XVl• Preirlou$ Teaoh:tl\g -:Exper:l~anc$ Qf.B.esigl'ili:ng · · , , Te~ehers at 'the Date· ot Hiring by too ' . , '· ' Sto~ktol'i Unified School Disvriot.•: ·195.5,...56 • • . · $2 . xv:u:. ·neaf:lons· Vnd.~rlying the i.eaignat,i.o:nr;~, ot • , , . '·:···\. · F~:rty\0!1~1x Teachers Who. ~est~ed. fr~m the t. : ' .. ,. · Stodkton ·vn:tt1ed S~hGol P1str1ct tor Oth~r EmploymEUltf l.9!)5-.56 • • • "· - .... ( •:. •-: • 94 ,,,· .::.'~-.. ·,.',:'·. ·. ··.< ·' . ' ' . \ ~ XVIII·· Results :or th$ Supplementary J;nterview ot. ,· t . ··' j ' •• • ·'' --bl LIST .OF FIGURES L PAGi i FIOVBE 1. I,.etter Requesting Permission to Use Stookto:n f ~ ~ ~ t- i· ~'. ~ ~ ~ ' ' •. ' ~ ' Unified. Sehool Distriet Records to.aather Data for· the Thesis • • • • .• • jj • • 2. Tee.eher Turnover in the Stoekton Unified. j ' ! !• , sonool Distr1ot..,.•:aa.s1o Personnel.lntormation. ll'O:rm • ,. • ,. • • • • • ·• • • •. , • • • ·• • •. • 91 Interview • • • • • • • • • • • • . • .~ • • • • • 92 4. Covering L~tter that Accompanied. the Supple• menttary Inte:rv1ew Form When Sent.as a Q.ueet.1onna.1.re • • .. .. • • • .. • • •. • • • • • • 99 . : ! f I' !, 1 "' I r· t. 1 ·l· Questionnaire Sent to Nine Oalif'oronia Unifi~.d Sohool Distrlots Similar in Size to Stookto:ri • 100 6 •. Covering tetter that Aeoompanied the Q.uestion<;o ' < ' wiit-e Sent to Nine Seleeted.Cai1fom1a School :Oistt'iots • • iii • " • • • • • •• • • • • • • •• • lOl . ·~.- __ L Each year thousands ot teach.~rs in the United St.. t~s art"& 1nvQlV:ed. 1n teach*'~ turnover~. 'rhi$ turnover may 'be ~u$ to a chtll,nge in teaehing pQsiti()n• ·lea'i1ng the tea<.ihi.ng. pr¢~•. fese1on~, or reti:t*ement tot'. one. ot several rea~!Jons~, When th~ su,plt· ()f t,;~ehers is la:rs;e ~nough to equal. dena~na ,, ttte tact ·. : . ' . ' ; • • • : ' • •• • -1· - • ' •• • •"' ' • •• • ~· .,' • • ' ~.;.. • ,. tha. t a· nunfO.\t''·· of. teaohe.vs leave is vtewed. ~s n<>rrna:l and. not ot maJor i.mpo.l!:':t~~Ji.~d$.~ . ·('f:Q.. the ot~$r hand, Wh~n-1 .. tn.ere is.a sho:ittage ot qu&l,li:t1.~tt teaohe"s• the taet that ·a eoris.1der• . : ' ; '. .· . ·,., '·' ·':' ., able number leav$ teaohi:tlg or 'ona:rige jobs eaoh jea:t" a~sum~s grea. tett s 1gn~f1:~ano.e • ·~·-..:...:........·- ·:...........:...~1"1:'\ll'i ...... ..i..~ -~ ..-..:~~--. ...._·.- . ...,.... .I 0 ~- Jl.;.,..,,.""'.... rt.' 'l.o..Amt., ;&..'"-'..-.. ~oiirMT\~ pUUlW i;:lollh(1140lll V;ll 'l;f.t,U'.UUVIZ.l" J.~;>.~ la.V laVY,t.;Hif ~. 1~~c;;!i.loVU,.Y, 93J~Y"T. M>m ot gr.owth and prog:resB in ·the ·teaohing pxocifessiQn ,tand; thel'~for-$,.. ,in: publ.j,~ $d:uo~tlo:n,... A sm~ll. amou.nt of turnovt!:r ·. tends to bring new>, 1deet$ • teohx;tiques, an(i. plans w1 th the new . turnover t'e~ohe$ greet pl'oport1ons .in a giV"en ~rea, it may I! lead 'bo a. d$g:fe~ of 'irista'biilty thlat· oou,ld. e~d.anger the qual""' , I ' . ' ' ~ ! ' ttw of thEt s~hoo1 ·p~ogram in. th;~ ar•• ~tte¢tt)d. '•:tt has been est1m~t;ed:.tha.t the •·tt1oienQ,y ~t ··an· ~ndustri:al plant. is in1/~;r$.$l,y ;J~~:P~rtl()nal tQ. the ~ntount of lal?or turnOV$r~,'*l · .. · ', _\ '· .,,·, \.,,_:· ·.. · .,·:. .'-, ·.-·' One might oonoltide ··t~Qm::. the fqll!!>wing atatement that 1n Oalifor:nia s;:rowth alone woulcfi :n9t .only guarant$e th• s~mp• '· ; .; . l tom$ (,f :tlealtht proog;-eas. bub would. or.ate some amount .,, f. 1nstab111~t Without. the agg~avation of'· teaehel? tur:novet>. :, · I -""_r: r ·· · , \d·~:#r. tl't~ l:le~if t~ln years a; .s~pp 11: <f>t · new el•mentarv ·.. ' ~· te4telitf-J.. near;ty <rqual t<> thEJf total number . ot all oert,.f• [ l -~r:!~~=~~i!~~ :i!o!;!t~~-~!!~!~!laSt mtnt.·· k s-qpply <bt new seeontary 'teaehers 'eq~l. to h.$.~1' l--r- tl;t~ ,tH)~al numbe~ ot all oert1f'1eated. p~rsQtmel ¢~rrerrtil:f ] ·· Eltr!Pl()y$·<1J.. must.·~·. reo~uit~<l,. trajf!.ed• and made aval.lable ·· , tcrt aJ$1g~•nt [in OalltGrniaJ• ·.·. .... • ' .< · •. _1 ·. .,_ 1 • . ' ' ' • ! • -r-=-~ _L f .... ~a9h ~ear in $took~~n, .as in many .,ther Oalif?rn1a i ... ' =r_t school distriots, adm1n1atr$tors und$rtak$ a sea~oh fQr Lt: teaoh~:ng talent th$-t besins in February and ends a~ter [' sonool opens, t~e follotd,ng Stptembtr. Som.e of these new } . ' teacnera are nEH~d.$cl to meet the deman(ls of growth1 but the I! ,' ' ' ,' . " • ' • ~- • < ·, • • ' ; great$r ntunber a.re needled to r$plaee teao~ers who have ' I . ,.· .· ., ' ~~ . :· ' ' l r ~siglf~d.. w~e @to~}S!;m ltM!itA quoted. Aas·ooiate S~perint~~d- F ·.-. ·_ :1 . ·.. : \... ' ,'' . ,. ' .. · . 7 ·. • r ent Donetld 11·~. 5held.f>n 1:n 19$4 as stating that ~*tortr ot the :i i' teaoher' · wi.l.l be r~<auirf)d. becta.tis., · ot expan<U.ng e~oilment !n. i: . ·, :;. ' '. ' ' ; ' t- lo~a.t ~Q.t!$ola 1 a.nG\ 120 will be· nef:d.~4 to· :repla.Qe teadh.~a l'~:tl,lq,' resisnitlS;. o~ ~vansterril'!i~ ''' Many otbe~ atat<t• i'' ' .. · ' ' ·, . ' ' !'' ' ~-.nJ-~ 1 'b~th in ot:f1eial !oard Qt' Eduoat1on ·minute$ a;n<!l l,n :·:~.. \*~~JF1~~::::·;~·: -. ._._ ". ... ~ . ·. .. .· ··. ·,.'·· · _' .: -~. _ :.. -=. ,:!' th~ l)~~$~$ t S:lV\1 furt-h~~- ·t-eeegn$ti ¢ll· .:tq ·th$ lJl'O bletil -oti h~ldl~; .
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