PARADEIGMATA Studies in Honour of Øivind Andersen IV PAPERS AND MONOGRAPHS FROM THE NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE AT ATHENS GENERAL EDITOR: PANOS DIMAS PAPERS AND MONOGRAPHS 1. Bydén, Börje, and Katerina Ierodiakonou, 2012. The Many Faces of Byzantine Philosophy. Athens. x+243pp. ISBN 978-82-999128-1-5. MONOGRAPHS 1. Whittaker, Helène, 2004. Mycenaean Cult Buildings. A study of their architecture and function in the context of the Aegean and the Eastern Mediterranean. Athens and Oslo. x+338 pp. ISBN 82-91626-03-0. 2. Hauken, Tor, 1998. Petition and Response. An epigraphic study of petitions to Roman emperors 181-249. Bergen. xii+383 pp. ISBN 82-9126-08-1. 3. Schreiner, Johan Henrik, 2004. Two Battles and two Bills: Marathon and the Athenian Fleet. Oslo. 159 pp. ISBN 82-9126-30-8. PAPERS 1. The Norwegian Institute at Athens. The first five lectures. Eds. Øivind Andersen and Helène Whittaker. Athens and Bergen, 1991. 86 pp. ISBN 960-85415-0-9. 2. Greece & Gender. Eds. Britt Berggren and Nanno Marinatos. Bergen, 1995. 184 pp. ISBN 82-91626-00-6. 3. Homer’s World: Fiction, Tradition, Reality. Eds. Øivind Andersen and Matthew Dickie. Bergen, 1995. 173 pp. ISBN 82-991411-9-2. 4. The World of Ancient Magic. Eds. David R. Jordan, Hugo Montgomery and Einar Thomassen. Bergen, 1999. 335 pp. ISBN 82-91626-15-4. 5. Myth and Symbol I. Symbolic phenomena in ancient Greek culture. Ed. Synnøve des Bouvrie. Bergen, 2002. 332 pp. ISBN 82-91626-21-9. 6. Celebrations. Sanctuaries and the vestiges of cult practice. Ed. Michael Wedde. Bergen, 2004. 303 pp. ISBN 82-91626-23-5. 7. Myth and Symbol II. Symbolic phenomena in ancient Greek culture. Ed. Synnøve des Bouvrie. Bergen, 2004. 391 pp. ISBN 82-91626-22-7. 9. Ancient Arcadia. Papers from the third international seminar on Ancient Arcadia, held at the Norwegian Institute at Athens, 7-10 May 2002. Ed. Erik Østby. Athens, 2005. 558 pp. ISBN 82-91626-25-1. norwegian INSTITUTE at athens PAPERS AND MONOGRAPHS FROM THE NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE AT ATHENS SERIES 4°, VOLUME 2 EYJÓLFUR K. EMILSSON ANASTASIA MARAVELA MATHILDE SKOIE PARADEIGMATA Studies in Honour of Øivind Andersen norwegian INSTITUTE AT ATHENS 2014 © 2014 The Norwegian Institute at Athens ISBN: 978-960-85145-4-6 ISSN: 1105-4204 Table of Contents Editors’ Preface .......................................................................................... XI Bibliography of Øivind Andersen .............................................................. XIII Notes on Contributors ................................................................................ XXVI Part I. Literature MATTHEW W. DICKIE Does Homer doubt the existence of ghosts? Iliad 23.103–104 ................. 3 RUTH SCODEL Odysseus at sea ......................................................................................... 9 ANASTASIA MARAVELA Tongue-tied Aphrodite: the paradeigmata in the Hymn to Aphrodite ...... 15 IRENE J.F. DE JONG Bacchylides 5 and the theme of non-recognition on the battlefield .......... 29 DOUGLAS CAIRNS The bloody dust of the nether gods: Sophocles, Antigone 599–603 ......... 39 OLIVER TAPLIN Translating a paradeigma in Sophocles: Oedipus Tyrannus 1193 ............ 53 WOLFGANG KULLMANN Ist bei Euripides Medea als heroisch-männliche Persönlichkeit geschildert? .................................................................... 55 ADOLF KÖHNKEN ‘Logos’ and ‘epeisodion’ in Aristotle’s Poetics ......................................... 61 SUZANNE SAÏD Between mythography and historiography: Diodorus’ Universal Library ................................................................. 67 VIII EIRIK WELO ‘One size to fit them all’: the reader in Galen’s Hippocratic commentaries .................................. 87 EGIL KRAGGERUD Ibsen and Sallust ....................................................................................... 101 FRITZ-HEINER MUTSCHLER Politische Organisationsform und menschliches Verhalten in der griechisch-römischen und altchinesischen Geschichtsschreibung 109 Part II. Philosophy STEPHEN HALLIWELL Greek gods and the Archaic aesthetics of life ........................................... 121 EYJÓLFUR KJALAR EMILSSON Περὶ Φιλίας: The interpretation of Plato’s Lysis 212a8-213d5 ................. 129 HALLVARD FOSSHEIM Method and soul-shaping in the Protagoras ............................................. 135 PÅL RYKKJA GILBERT Civilized communication of culture: παιδεία and πειθώ in the Republic .. 141 ØYVIND RABBÅS Sophistic appearances ............................................................................... 149 MONIKA ASZTALOS Qualities in Aristotle’s Categories ............................................................ 155 OLAV GJELSVIK Some Aristotelian concepts: practical inference ....................................... 163 DAVID KONSTAN The joy of giving: Seneca De beneficiis 1.6.1 .......................................... 171 SVAVAR HRAFN SVAVARSSON The sceptic’s luck: on fortuitous tranquillity ............................................ 177 IX Part III. Rhetoric HÅVARD LØKKE Rhetoric in early Stoicism ......................................................................... 187 TOR IVAR ØSTMOE Romance across social barriers: Xanthias and Phyllis in Horace, Ode 2.4 ............................................... 195 JERKER BLOMQVIST The Ad Diognetum and contemporary rhetorical practice ........................ 203 DIMITRIOS KARADIMAS Hermogenes’ On Staseis: rhetoric as legal philosophy ............................. 219 MATHILDE SKOIE Interpretatio and Inventio: the case of Servius’ commentary on Virgil’s Eclogues ......................... 229 CAMILLA SERCK-HANSSEN Kant, rhetoric, and paideia ........................................................................ 241 JENS KJELDSEN Reconceptualizing kairos .......................................................................... 249 Indices – Passages ................................................................................................ 259 – General .................................................................................................. 270 Editors’ preface Øivind Andersen, who turns seventy in October 2014, is Professor of Ancient Greek at the University of Oslo (1997–), the current secretary general of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (Det Norske Videnskaps- Akademi) and president of the Union Académique Internationale. His career as a classical scholar started more than forty years ago. He acquired his doctoral degree from the University of Oslo in 1975 with his thesis Paradeigmata. Beiträge zum Verständnis der Ilias (‘Mythological Examples: Contributions to the Interpretation of the Iliad’). In this work he explored how stories from the mythological past are incorporated in Homer’s Iliad. Ever since then, Prof. Andersen has been making his mark on Homeric studies with, among other works, a monograph about the Iliadic hero Diomedes and various seminal articles on mythological examples and the shaping of the past in Homeric poetry – many of which are still cited and discussed by Homerists. More recently, Prof. Andersen has been preoccupied with allusion in Homeric poetry and has co-edited an anthology on relative chronology in the early Greek epic corpus (Cambridge University Press 2011). Prof. Andersen has, throughout the years, shown his keen interest in ancient philosophy through his numerous articles and translations. He has contributed to the study of Plato through his work for the series Platons Samlede verker (Vidarforlaget 1999–2008), both as a translator and as a member of the editorial board. His translation record also includes authoritative versions of Aristotle’s Poetics (Vidarforlaget 2008) and Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound (Gyldendal 1985). He also pioneered the revival of interest in ancient rhetoric through the pedagogically exemplary monograph I Retorikkens Hage (Universitetsforlaget, 1995/2004), which has been reworked into a German version (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft 2001) – a publication which has received international acclaim. Øivind Andersen’s role in the continuation of classical scholarship in Norway has been invaluable. From his positions in Trondheim (1980–1996) and Oslo (1978–1979 and 1997–present) he has not only written profusely about this in the press, but he has also been a key-player in the development of the field. He played a fundamental role in the establishment of The Norwegian Institute at Athens in 1989 (Det norske institutt i Aten), of which he was the first director (1989–1993). He also played a central role in the Norwegian Research Council-funded programme for ancient studies (Antikkprogrammet 1996–2001), thanks to which the recruitment of a whole new generation of classical scholars was secured. Øivind Andersen has also been an active member of Platonselskabet-Nordisk selskab för antikens idétradition. In terms XII of both his scholarship and his broad academic vision, Øivind Andersen is one of the grands hommes of Scandinavian classical philology and an example to future generations of classicists. With this volume, we want to acknowledge in a proper scholarly manner his position and efforts on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The title of the volume alludes to Professor Andersen’s pervasive interest in examples – literary, philosophical or rhetorical – but also to his own example as a broad-minded classical scholar. In the latter sense he might be seen, as the sketch on the cover by the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen, as a Scandinavian Diomedes. Thanks go to Det norske institutt i