Literaturverzeichnis Ernährung Im Fokus 01–02/2018

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Literaturverzeichnis Ernährung Im Fokus 01–02/2018 LITERATUR 01–02/18 1 KURZ GEFASST Kernig gegen freie Radikale Nüsse liefern ähnlich viele Antioxidantien wie Rotwein und Schokolade Bolling B et al.: The phytochemical composition and antioxidant actions Nagel JM et al.: Dietary walnuts inhibit colorectal cancer growth in mice by of tree nuts. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 19, 117–123 (2010) suppressing angiogenesis. Nutrition 28, 67–75 (2012) Alasalvar C et al.: Antioxidant Activity of Hazelnut Skin Phenolics. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57, 4645–4650 (2009) Magnesium in Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln BfR bewertet die Tageshöchstmenge neu Weitere Informationen: www.bfr.bund.de/cm/343/bfr-bewertet-empfohlene-tageshoechstmen- ge-fuer-die-aufnahme-von-magnesium-ueber-nahrungsergaenzungs- mittel.pdf Marketing für Hülsenfrüchte Lemken D et al.: The value of environmental and health claims on new le- gume products: a non-hypothetical online auction. Sustainability (2017); Doi: 10.3390/su9081340 Testosteron beeinflusst die Entzündungsneigung: Männer sind besser geschützt Pace S et al.: Androgen-mediated sex bias in the efficiency of leukotrie- Pace S et al.: Sex differences in prostaglandin biosynthesis in neutrophils ne biosynthesis inhibitors. Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017); DOI: during acute inflammation. Scientific Reports Jun 19, 7 (1), 3759 (2017); 10.1172/JCI92885; DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03696-8 NACHLESE Konsumentenvielfalt und „neue“ Verbraucher 10. NRW-Workshop Verbraucherforschung: „Jenseits des Otto Normal- verbrauchers: Verbraucherpolitik in Zeiten des „unmanageable consu- mer“ Koordinierungsstelle connect NRW: Geflüchtete als Verbraucher verste- hen und schützen (2017) SCHWERPUNKT Calcium – Gut für die Knochen, schlecht für Herz und Gefäße? Anderson JJ, Roggenkamp KJ, Suchindran CM: Calcium intakes and femo- Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Baron JA, Kanis JA, Orav EJ, Stae- ral and lumbar bone density of elderly U.S. men and women: National helin HB, Kiel DP, Burckhardt P, Henschkowski J, Spiegelman D, Li R, Wong Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 analysis. J Clin Endo- JB, Feskanich D, Willett WC: Milk intake and risk of hip fracture in men and crinol Metab 97, 4531–9 (2012) women: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Bone Miner Res 26, 833–9 (2011) Asemi Z, Saneei P, Sabihi SS, Feizi A, Esmaillzadeh A: Total, dietary, and supplemental calcium intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascu- Bockman RS, Zapalowski C, Kiel DP, Adler RA: Commentary on calcium lar disease, and cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutr supplements and cardiovascular events. J Clin Densitom 15, 130–4 (2012) Metab Cardiovasc Dis 25, 623–34 (2015) Bolland MJ, Avenell A, Baron JA, Grey A, MacLennan GS, Gamble GD, Reid Avenell A, Mak JC, O‘Connell D: Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for pre- IR: Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and car- venting fractures in post-menopausal women and older men. Cochrane diovascular events: meta-analysis. BMJ 341, c3691 (2010) Database Syst Rev 14 (4), CD000227 (2014) Bolland MJ, Barber PA, Doughty RN, Mason B, Horne A, Ames R, Gamble Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Baron JA, Burckhardt P, Li R, Spie- GD, Grey A, Reid IR: Vascular events in healthy older women receiving gelma D, Specker B, Orav JE, Wong JB, Staehelin HB, O‘Reilly E, Kiel DP, calcium supplementation: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 336, 262–6 Willett WC: Calcium intake and hip fracture risk in men and women: a (2008) meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr 86, 1780–90 (2007) ERNÄHRUNG IM FOKUS 01–02 2018 LITERATUR 01–02/18 2 Bolland MJ, Grey A, Avenell A, Gamble GD, Reid IR: Calcium supplements Kopecky SL, Bauer DC, Gulati M, Nieves JW, Singer AJ, Toth PP, Underberg with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events: reanalysis of JA, Wallace TC, Weaver CM: Lack of Evidence Linking Calcium With or Wi- the Women‘s Health Initiative limited access dataset and meta-analysis. thout Vitamin D Supplementation to Cardiovascular Disease in General- BMJ 342, d2040 (2011) ly Healthy Adults: A Clinical Guideline From the National Osteoporosis Foundation and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology. Ann In- Bolland MJ, Leung W, Tai V, Bastin S, Gamble GD, Grey A, Reid IR: Calcium tern Med 165, 867–868 (2016) intake and risk of fracture: systematic review. BMJ 351, h4580 (2015) Lewis JR, Calver J, Zhu K, Flicker L, Prince RL. Calcium supplementation and Boonen S, Lips P, Bouillon R, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Vanderschueren D, the risks of atherosclerotic vascular disease in older women: results of a Haentjens P: Need for additional calcium to reduce the risk of hip frac- 5-year RCT and a 4.5-year follow-up. J Bone Miner Res 26, 35–41 (2011) ture with vitamin d supplementation: evidence from a comparative meta analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92, Lewis JR, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Rejnmark L, Chen JS, Simpson JM, Lappe JM, 1415–23 (2007) Mosekilde L, Prentice RL, Prince RL: The Effects of Calcium Supplemen- tation on Verified Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalization and Death in Chung M, Balk EM, Brendel M, Ip S, Lau J, Lee J, Lichtenstein A, Patel K, Postmenopausal Women: A Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Randomized Raman G, Tatsioni A, Terasawa T, Trikalinos TA. Vitamin D and calcium: a Controlled Trials. J Bone Miner Res 30, 165–75 (2015) systematic review of health outcomes. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 183, 1–420 (2009) Lewis JR, Zhu K, Thompson PL, Prince RL: The effects of 3 years of calcium supplementation on common carotid artery intimal medial thickness and Chung M, Tang AM, Fu Z, Wang DD, Newberry SJ: Calcium Intake and Car- carotid atherosclerosis in older women: an ancillary study of the CAIFOS diovascular Disease Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analy- randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res 29, 534–41 (2014) sis. Ann Intern Med 165, 856–866 (2016) Lips P, Gielen E, van Schoor NM: Vitamin D supplements with or without Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE), Österreichische Gesellschaft calcium to prevent fractures. Bonekey Rep 3, 512 (2014) für Ernährung (ÖGE), Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsfor- schung (SGE), Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung (SVE): Referenz- Manson JE, Allison MA, Carr JJ, Langer RD, Cochrane BB, Hendrix SL, Hsia werte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. Calcium. Bonn, 1. Aufl., 2. Aufl., 1. Ausgabe J, Hunt JR, Lewis CE, Margolis KL, Robinson JG, Rodabough RJ, Thomas AM; (2015) Women‘s Health Initiative and Women‘s Health Initiative-Coronary Arte- ry Calcium Study Investigators: Calcium/vitamin D supplementation and DVO Leitlinie Osteoporose. Prophylaxe, Diagnostik und Therapie der coronary artery calcification in the Women‘s Health Initiative. Menopause OSTEOPOROSE bei Männern ab dem 60. Lebensjahr und bei postmeno- 17, 683–91 (2010) pausalen Frauen S3 – Leitlinie des Dachverbands der Deutschsprachigen Wissenschaftlichen Osteologischen Gesellschaften e. V.; www.dv-osteo- Margolis KL, Manson JE. Calcium Supplements and Cardiovascular Di- logie.org/uploads/Leitlinie%202014/DVO-Leitlinie%20Osteoporose%20 sease Risk: What Do Clinicians and Patients Need to Know? Ann Intern 2014%20Kurzfassung%20und%20Langfassung%20Version%201a%20 Med 165, 884–885 (2016) 12%2001%202016.pdf, abgerufen am 25.03.2016 Nakamura K, Kurahashi N, Ishihara J, Inoue M, Tsugane S; Japan Public Ensrud KE, Duong T, Cauley JA, Heaney RP, Wolf RL, Harris E, Cummings Health Centre-based Prospective Study Group: Calcium intake and the SR: Low fractional calcium absorption increases the risk for hip fracture 10-year incidence of self-reported vertebral fractures in women and in women with low calcium intake. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Re- men: the Japan Public Health Centre-based Prospective Study. Br J Nutr search Group. Ann Intern Med 132, 345–53 (2000) 101, 285–94 (2009) Harvey NC, Biver E, Kaufman JM, Bauer J, Branco J, Brandi ML, Bruyère National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF): Clinician’s Guide to Preventi- O, Coxam V, Cruz-Jentoft A, Czerwinski E, Dimai H, Fardellone P, Landi F, on and Treatment of Osteoporosis. National Osteoporosis Foundation, Reginster JY, Dawson-Hughes B, Kanis JA, Rizzoli R, Cooper C: The role of Washington, DC (2014); http://nof.org calcium supplementation in healthy musculoskeletal ageing: An expert consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Nordin BE, Lewis JR, Daly RM, Horowitz J, Metcalfe A, Lange K, Prince RL: Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases The calcium scare – what would Austin Bradford Hill have thought? Os- (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF). Oste- teoporos Int 22, 3073–7, 21633827 (2011) oporos Int 28, 447–462 (2017) Nordin BE: The effect of calcium supplementation on bone loss in 32 Heaney RP, Kopecky S, Maki KC, Hathcock J, Mackay D, Wallace TC: A re- controlled trials in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 20, 2135–43 view of calcium supplements and cardiovascular disease risk. Adv Nutr (2009) 3, 763–71 (2012) Paik JM, Curhan GC, Sun Q, Rexrode KM, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Taylor EN: Heuer T, Walter C, Krems C, Hoffmann I: Nährstoffzufuhr über Supple- Calcium supplement intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in women. mente – Ergebnisse der Nationalen Verzehrsstudie II. In: Deutsche Ge- Osteoporos Int 25, 2047–56 (2014) sellschaft für Ernährung e. V. (DGE): 12. Ernährungsbericht. Bonn 2012, Phillips-Eakley AK, McKenney-Drake ML, Bahls M, Newcomer SC, Radcliffe
Recommended publications
  • Arxiv:2011.06772V5 [Cs.GT] 19 May 2021
    Memory-two zero-determinant strategies in repeated games 1 rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org Masahiko Ueda 1Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Research Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan Article submitted to journal Repeated games have provided an explanation how mutual cooperation can be achieved even if defection is more favorable in a one-shot game in prisoner’s Subject Areas: dilemma situation. Recently found zero-determinant Game theory strategies have substantially been investigated in evolutionary game theory. The original memory-one Keywords: zero-determinant strategies unilaterally enforce linear Repeated games, Zero-determinant relations between average payoffs of players. Here, we strategies, memory-n strategies extend the concept of zero-determinant strategies to memory-two strategies in repeated games. Memory- two zero-determinant strategies unilaterally enforce Author for correspondence: linear relations between correlation functions of Masahiko Ueda payoffs and payoffs at the previous round. Examples e-mail: [email protected] of memory-two zero-determinant strategy in the repeated prisoner’s dilemma game are provided, some of which generalize the Tit-for-Tat strategy to memory-two case. Extension of zero-determinant strategies to memory-n case with n ≥ 2 is also straightforward. arXiv:2011.06772v5 [cs.GT] 19 May 2021 © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. 1. Introduction 2 Repeated games offer a framework explaining forward-looking behaviors and reciprocity of rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org R. Soc.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Biology (Pdf)
    Department of Biology 26 Summary The Department of Biology at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette took its current form in the late 1980s, with the merger of the Biology and Microbiology Departments. In Spring of 2019, the department has 28 professorial faculty members, 6 emeritus faculty members, and 7 instructors. Almost all professorial faculty members are active in research and serve as graduate faculty. Our graduate programs are also supported by 8 adjunct faculty members; their affiliations include the United States Geological Survey, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Smithsonian Institution. In this report, we summarize research accomplishments of our departmental faculty since 2013. The report is focused on our research strengths; however, faculty members have also been awarded considerable honors and funding for educational activities. We also briefly summarize the growth and size of our degree programs. Grant Productivity From 2013 through 2018, the Department of Biology has secured over 16 million dollars of new research funding (the total number of dollars associated with these grants, which are often multi- institutional, is considerably higher). Publications The faculty has a strong record of publication, with 279 papers published in peer-reviewed journals in the last 5 years. An additional 30 papers were published in conference proceedings or other edited volumes. Other Accomplishments Other notable accomplishments between 2013 and 2018 include faculty authorship of five books and edited volumes. Faculty members have served as editors, associate editors, or editorial board members for 21 different journals or as members of 34 society boards or grant review panels. They presented 107 of presentations as keynote addresses or invited seminars.
    [Show full text]
  • Core Competencies for Scientific Editors Of
    Moher et al. BMC Medicine (2017) 15:167 DOI 10.1186/s12916-017-0927-0 CORRESPONDENCE Open Access Core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals: consensus statement David Moher1,2* , James Galipeau3, Sabina Alam4, Virginia Barbour5, Kidist Bartolomeos6, Patricia Baskin7,8, Sally Bell-Syer9,10, Kelly D. Cobey1,2,11, Leighton Chan12, Jocalyn Clark13, Jonathan Deeks14, Annette Flanagin15, Paul Garner16, Anne-Marie Glenny17, Trish Groves18, Kurinchi Gurusamy19, Farrokh Habibzadeh20,21,22, Stefanie Jewell-Thomas23, Diane Kelsall24, José Florencio Lapeña Jr22,25,26,27, Harriet MacLehose28, Ana Marusic29,30, Joanne E. McKenzie31, Jay Shah32,33,34, Larissa Shamseer1,2, Sharon Straus35, Peter Tugwell2,36,37, Elizabeth Wager38,39, Margaret Winker22 and Getu Zhaori40 Abstract Background: Scientific editors are responsible for deciding which articles to publish in their journals. However, we have not found documentation of their required knowledge, skills, and characteristics, or the existence of any formal core competencies for this role. Methods: We describe the development of a minimum set of core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals. Results: The 14 key core competencies are divided into three major areas, and each competency has a list of associated elements or descriptions of more specific knowledge, skills, and characteristics that contribute to its fulfillment. Conclusions: We believe that these core competencies are a baseline of the knowledge, skills, and characteristics needed to perform competently the duties of a scientific editor at a biomedical journal. Keywords: Core competencies, Scientific editor, Biomedical journal, Delphi, Expert consensus, Editor role Introduction and in guidance for members of editor organizations Scientific editors (editors are responsible for the content [3–8].
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Data
    Author: Amye Kenall, Associate Publisher, BioMed Central *For internal use only Open Data Research data: from journal policy to practice “[O]pen access to raw data will go the same way as open access to published papers…It would not be a surprise if, in a decade’s time, funders finally get tired of paying for data that researchers keep As part of a SpringerNature-wide project, we aim to provide consistent data policies and services to every journal. to themselves…we should fully expect funders to demand that grantees share data” Why? y At least 28 research funders globally have policies or mandates Andrew J Vickers, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center y Improving author service by standardizing research www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.d2323 (2011) that require data archiving as a condition of grants, including: data policies and procedures and increasing the y National Science Foundation (NSF) visibility and connectivity of their articles and data y National Institutes of Health (NIH) y Improving editor and peer reviewer service with What do we plan to provide and when? y Wellcome Trust better guidelines and support for data policies, and visibility of data in the peer-review process y A research data policy for every relevant publication (journals, books, proceedings) y Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation y Improving reader service with more consistent y Begin by developing 4 standardized data policies y Sharing data is good for research—and researchers and useful links to data y First groups of journals to introduce standard policy in
    [Show full text]
  • SUBMISSION from SPRINGER NATURE Making Plan S Successful
    PLAN S IMPLEMENTATION GUIDANCE: SUBMISSION FROM SPRINGER NATURE Springer Nature welcomes the opportunity to provide feedback to the cOAlition S Implementation Guidance and contribute to the discussion on how the transition to Open Access (OA) can be accelerated. Our submission below focuses mainly on the second question posed in the consultation: Are there other mechanisms or requirements funders should consider to foster full and immediate Open Access of research outputs? Making Plan S successful: a commitment to open access Springer Nature is dedicated to accelerating the adoption of Open Access (OA) publishing and Open Research techniques. As the world’s largest OA publisher we are a committed partner for cOAlition S funders in achieving this goal which is also the primary focus of Plan S. Our recommendations below are therefore presented with the aim of achieving this goal. As a first mover, we know the (multiple) challenges that need to be overcome: funding flows that need to change, a lack of cooperation in funder policies, a lack of global coordination, the need for a cultural change in researcher assessment and metrics in research, academic disciplines that lack OA resources, geographic differences in levels of research output making global “Publish and Read” deals difficult and, critically, an author community that does not yet view publishing OA as a priority. While this uncertainty remains, we need the benefits of OA to be better described and promoted as well as support for the ways that enable us and other publishers to cope with the rapidly increasing demand. We therefore propose cOAlition S adopt the following six recommendations which we believe are necessary to deliver Plan S’s primary goal of accelerating the take-up of OA globally while minimising costs to funders and other stakeholders: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • GUIDELINES for AUTHORS 2020-Ver-05-En
    GUIDELINES FOR AUTHORS 2020-ver-05-En 1. GENERAL INFORMATION “Comunicar”, Media Education Research Journal, is a bilingual publication from Grupo Comu- nicar Ediciones (VAT: G-21116603). This established non-profit professional group, founded in 1988 in Spain, specialises in the field of media education. The journal has been in print continuously since 1993, and is currently published quarterly. Contents are peer reviewed, in accordance with the publication standards established in the APA 7.0 (American Psychological Association) manual. Compliance with these requirements facilitates indexing in the main databases of international journals in this field, ensuring the dissemination of published papers and therefore improves the profile of the authors and their centres. “Comunicar” is indexed in Journal Citation Reports (WoS-JCR), Scopus (Citescore), REDIB, FECYT and over 725 international databases, catalogues, and repertoires worldwide. Each issue of the journal comes in a print (ISSN: 1134-3478) and electronic formats (e-ISSN: 1988-3293) (www.comunicarjournal.com), its interface and abstracts are available in Chinese and Portuguese. Each paper is identified with a DOI (Digital Object Identifier System). 2. SCOPE AND POLICY 2.1. Subject Matter Fundamentally, papers related to communication and education, and especially the intersection between the two fields: media literacy, educational media and resources, educational technology, audiences, new languages, social networks, multimedia and audio-visual tech- nologies... 2.2. Contributions “Comunicar” publishes research results related to the convergence between education and communication, written in Spanish or English. Also, reports, studies, proposals and selected state-of-the-art articles can be sent. It is the authors’ responsibility to ensure their submissions are original and have not been published previously or are in the process of being published elsewhere, and provide final research results.
    [Show full text]
  • Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use
    THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://www.nap.edu/24781 SHARE Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use DETAILS 380 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-45954-9 | DOI: 10.17226/24781 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Richard J. Bonnie, Morgan A. Ford, and Jonathan K. Phillips, Editors; Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Opioid Abuse; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Health and FIND RELATED TITLES Medicine Division; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use PAIN MANAGEMENT AND THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC BALANCING SOCIETAL AND INDIVIDUAL BENEFITS AND RISKS OF PRESCRIPTION OPIOID USE Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Prescription Opioid Abuse Richard J. Bonnie, Morgan A. Ford, and Jonathan K. Phillips, Editors Board on Health Sciences Policy Health and Medicine Division A Consensus Study Report of PREPUBLICATION COPY: UNCORRECTED PROOFS Copyright © National Academy of Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Der Wert Des Schreibens
    2016 / Einsichten Das Forschungsmagazin Nummer 2 Nummer 2 / 2016 Der Wert des Schreibens . Das Forschungsmagazin . Das Forschungsmagazin Gesund trotz HIV Immunsystem: Die feinen Unterschiede Einsichten Entscheidung für den Eingriff Nummer 2 / 2016 Einsichten. Das Forschungsmagazin Editorial Der Wert des demokratischen Korrektivs: Journalisten im Gespräch mit Politikern, hier im August 2016 mit Pedro Sanchez, damals Chef der Sozialisten, über die Regierungskrise in Spanien. Foto: Gerard Julien/AFP/Getty Images Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, der Wert des Schreibens: Wer auf die prekäre Lage für kritische unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln. Die Literaturwissenschaftlerin Inka Journalisten in der Türkei schaut, um nur ein extremes Beispiel zu Mülder-Bach analysiert Prosa als Ausdruck und Formgeber der nennen, dem dürfte der Wert eines demokatischen Korrektivs un- Moderne, als Begriff für einen „Weltzustand”. Die Kulturwissen- mittelbar einleuchten. Doch auch dort, wo Regierungen Verfassung schaftler Jens-Uwe Hartmann, Andreas Kaplony und Walther Salla- und Zivilgesellschaft nicht demontieren, gerät der Journalismus berger gewinnen aus alten Handschriften tiefe Einblicke in Struktur unter Druck. Manche sehen ihn sogar in Gefahr, wenngleich dies na- und Alltag früherer Gesellschaften. Schreiben und veröffentlichen, türlich nicht eine Bedrohung für Leib und Leben seiner Protagonis- das ist der Nachweis wissenschaftlichen Erfolges: Wie könnte die- ten bedeutet. Romy Fröhlich, Thomas Hanitzsch und Neil Thurman ses Bewertungssystem in einer neuen Publikationskultur
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific American Scientificamerican.Com
    ORGAN REPAIRS DENGUE DEBACLE HOW EELS GET ELECTRIC The forgotten compound that can A vaccination program Insights into their shocking repair damaged tissue PAGE 56 gone wrong PAGE 38 attack mechanisms PAGE 62 MIND READER A new brain-machine interface detects what the user wants PLUS QUANTUM GR AVIT Y IN A LAB Could new experiments APRIL 2019 pull it off? PAGE 48 © 2019 Scientific American ScientificAmerican.com APRIL 2019 VOLUME 320, NUMBER 4 48 NEUROTECH PHYSICS 24 The Intention Machine 48 Quantum Gravity A new generation of brain-machine in the Lab interface can deduce what a person Novel experiments could test wants. By Richard Andersen the quantum nature of gravity on a tabletop. By Tim Folger INFRASTRUCTURE 32 Beyond Seawalls MEDICINE Fortified wetlands and oyster reefs 56 A Shot at Regeneration can protect shorelines better than A once forgotten drug compound hard structures. By Rowan Jacobsen could rebuild damaged organs. By Kevin Strange and Viravuth Yin PUBLIC HEALTH 38 The Dengue Debacle ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY In April 2016 children in the Philip- 62 Shock and Awe pines began receiving the world’s Understanding the electric eel’s first dengue vaccine. Almost two unusual anatomical power. years later new research showed By Kenneth C. Catania ON THE COVER Tapping into the brain’s neural circuits lets people that the vaccine was risky for many MATHEMATICS with spinal cord injuries manipulate computer kids. The campaign ground to 70 Outsmarting cursors and robotic limbs. Early studies underline a halt, and the public exploded a Virus with Math the need for technical ad­­vances that make in outrage.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pervasiveness and Policy Consequences of Medical Folk Wisdom in the U.S
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The pervasiveness and policy consequences of medical folk wisdom in the U.S. Matthew Motta1* & Timothy Callaghan2 Medical folk wisdom (MFW) refers to widely held, but factually inaccurate, beliefs about disease, immunity, pregnancy, and other medically-relevant topics. Examples include the idea that fasting when feverish (“starving a fever”) can increase the pace of recovery, or that showering after sex can prevent pregnancy. The pervasiveness of MFW, and whether or not it—like other forms of medically- relevant misinformation—shapes Americans’ health behaviors and policy preferences is an important and under-studied question. We begin this research by proposing and validating a novel measure of MFW; including a short-form scale suitable for administration in public opinion surveys. We fnd that nearly all Americans—irrespective of socio-economic status, political orientation, and educational background—endorse at least some aspects of MFW. Concerningly, and consistent with the idea that folk wisdom challenges scientifc expertise, we additionally fnd that those highest in MFW tend to place less value on medical expertise and the role experts play in shaping health policy. However, this skepticism does not appear to translate to peoples’ health actions, as MFW appears to have an inconsistent efect on public participation in healthy behaviors. In the age of “fake news” and the anti-vaccine movement, social scientists have taken interest in the efect of medically-relevant misinformation on Americans’ health behaviors—e.g., consulting and heeding advice from medical professionals1—and health policy orientations—e.g., attitudes towards universal vaccination require- ments for public school children2.
    [Show full text]
  • Disseminated Articles Through Digital Social Channels and Its Relation with Metrics of Academic Impact
    Disseminated articles through digital social channels and its relation with metrics of academic impact Artículos diseminados a través de canales GABRIEL VALERIO-UREÑA1 sociales digitales y su relación con las http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-6801 métricas de impacto académico DAGOBERTO HERRERA-MURILLO2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32870/cys.v2019i0.7100 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4227-4937 In order to explore the relationship between the dissemination of articles through social channels and the metrics of academic impact, digital methods were used to analyze a sample of 29 808 articles from PLoS ONE and 10 718 articles from Scientific Reports. The quantitative research found that there is a very weak correlation between the impact of an article on digital social channels and the number of citations, and that social impact indicators better predict the number of times the article is read than the citation volume. KEYWORDS: Social networks, Open Access Journals, scientific production, altmetrics, academic citations. Con el objetivo de explorar la relación entre la diseminación de artículos a través de canales sociales y las métricas de impacto académico, se usaron métodos digitales para analizar una muestra de 29 808 artículos de PLoS one y 10 718 de Scientific Reports. La investigación, de naturaleza cuantitativa, encontró que hay una correlación muy débil entre el impacto de un artículo en los canales sociales digitales y el número de citas, y que los indicadores de impacto social predicen mejor la cantidad de veces que el artículo es consumido, que el volumen de citación. PALABRAS CLAVE: Redes sociales, revistas de acceso abierto, producción científica, alt- metrics, citas académicas.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Indicators of Scientific Impact: Predicting Citations with Altmetrics
    Early Indicators of Scientific Impact: Predicting Citations with Altmetrics Akhil Pandey Akella Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA [email protected] Hamed Alhoori Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA, [email protected] Pavan Ravikanth Kondamudi Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA, [email protected] Cole Freeman Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA, [email protected] Haiming Zhou Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA, [email protected] Abstract Identifying important scholarly literature at an early stage is vital to the academic research community and other stakeholders such as technology companies and government bodies. Due to the sheer amount of research published and the growth of ever-changing interdisciplinary areas, researchers need an efficient way to identify important scholarly work. The number of citations a given research publication has accrued has been used for this purpose, but these take time to occur and longer to accumulate. In this article, we use altmetrics to predict the short-term and long-term citations that a scholarly publication could receive. We build various classification and regression models and evaluate their performance, finding neural networks and ensemble models to perform best for these tasks. We also find that Mendeley readership is the most important factor in predicting the early citations, followed by other factors such as the academic status of the readers (e.g., student, postdoc, professor), followers on Twitter, online post length, author count, and the number of mentions on Twitter, Wikipedia, and across different countries.
    [Show full text]