DOCSLIB.ORG

Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia Urban Development Series

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia Urban Development Series Urban Development Series Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia Urban Development Series Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia Edited by Florian Steinberg and Pieter Smidt © 2010 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published 2010. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-971-561-899-1978-92-9092-135-6 Publication Stock No. BKK090979 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Rebuilding lives and homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2010. 1. Disaster management. 2. Housing. 3. Indonesia. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgment of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB. Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444 Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org For orders, contact Department of External Relations Fax +63 2 636 2648 [email protected] Contents Abbreviations v Preface vii Acknowledgments ix About the Authors x Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias: A Retrospective 1 by Florian Steinberg Planning the Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project (ETESP) Housing Program 20 by Alistair Blunt and Johan Silas Implementing On-Budget and Off-Budget Subprojects 48 by Esa Paaso and Saputra Liadi Land Adjudication, Titling, and Acquisition 73 by Herman Soesangobeng Environmental Safeguards 89 by Ashley Bansgrove ADB –UN-HABITAT Cooperation in Aceh and Nias 101 by Bruno Dercon, Srinivasa Popuri, and Binod Shrestha Reconstruction of a Fishing Village: Keude Panteraja, Aceh 131 by Klaus-Dieter Peters Rehabilitation and Reconstruction in South Nias Heritage Villages 143 by Heracles Lang iii iv Contents Complaint Handling and Conflict Management 169 by Jose Tiburcio Nicolas and Herman Soesangobeng Conclusions and Looking Ahead 183 by Florian Steinberg, Emiel Wegelin, and Pieter Smidt Abbreviations ANSSP – Aceh–Nias Settlements Support Programme ADB – Asian Development Bank ASAAP – Aceh Sanitation Assessment and Assistance Programme BAPEDALDA – Bureau for Local Environmental Impact Management (Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah) BAPPENAS – National Development Planning Agency (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional) BPN – National Land Agency (Badan Pertanahan Nasional) BRRD – Housing Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Body (Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Desa) BRR – Aceh–Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency (Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi) CAP – community action plan CNT – community negotiation team Cordaid – Catholic Organisation for Relief and Development Aid CSC – construction support center EARP – environmental assessment review procedure EMS – Extended Mission in Sumatra ERTR – Emergency Response and Transitional Recovery ESG – environmental safeguards ETESP – Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project – (Deutsche Welthungerhilfe [DWHH]) GAP – gender action plan GDRP – gross domestic regional product GTZ – German Agency for Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit) HELP – Health, Education and Literacy Programme IEE – initial environmental examination IOM – International Organization for Migration IPSA – initial poverty and social assessment IMB – building permit (Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan) JFPR – Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction KfW – German Development Bank (Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau) v vi Abbreviations KSMP – self-help housing group (Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat Perumahan) KTP – resident registration card (kartu tanduk penduduk) – LARPFPG – Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework and Procedural Guidelines MDTF – Multi-Donor Trust Fund MOU – memorandum of understanding MPW – Ministry of Public Works NGO – nongovernment organization NSSP – Nias Settlements Support Programme PAM – Drinking Water Company (Perusahan Air Minum) PDAM – the local government water supply company (Perusahan Daerah Air Minum) PIC – project implementation consultant PLN – National Electricity Company (Perusahan Listerik Negara) PPRG – village housing development committees (panitia pembangunan rumah gampong) REA – rapid environmental assessment S3P – Simeulue Settlements Support Programme SIDA – Swedish International Development Agency SPAR – subproject appraisal report SPPR – subproject preparation report RALAS – Reconstruction of Aceh Land Administration System UNDP – United Nations Development Programme UN-HABITAT – United Nations Human Settlements Programme UNHCR – United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHIC – United Nations Humanitarian Information Centre PPRG – Village Committees for House Construction (Panitia Pembangunan Rumah Gampong) Preface or many years, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has supported its developing member countries through emergency and post-disaster F assistance. The Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami of December 2004 and the subsequent earthquake on Nias in Indonesia in March 2005 triggered a major flow of assistance. As this calamity occurred on a scale never before experienced, it triggered massive commitments from donors all over the world. ADB’s assistance to Indonesia through the Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project (ETESP) was one of the largest allocations of grant funding ADB has ever provided. A multisectoral project, the ETESP included five groupings of initiatives: (i) livelihood restoration (agriculture, fisheries, and micro- and small-scale enterprise); (ii) social services (health and education, including development of skills); (iii) community infrastructure (rural water supply and sanitation, housing, and irrigation); (iv) physical infrastructure (roads and bridges, electrical power, and spatial planning and environmental management); and (v) fiduciary governance. This book focuses on housing, one of the most visible of the subsectors targeted by the ETESP. It was likewise the subsector to which the greatest amount of ETESP funding was allocated. As Rebuilding Lives and Homes in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia demonstrates, implementation of the ETESP’s housing program was a dynamic learning experience. Moreover, it demonstrated that ADB can respond to the requirements of its developing member countries in a highly flexible manner—more flexible, in fact, than many other donor organizations, including nongovernment organizations. The lessons drawn from implementation of the ETESP housing program will be of great value in the event that ADB again engages in post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation.1 The most practical and general of these lessons may be summarized as follows: (i) keep investment options open, 1 Jha, Abhas K., J. Duyne Barenstein, P. M. Phelps, D. Pittet, and S. Sena, eds. 2010. Safer Homes, Stronger Communities: A Handbook for Reconstructing after Natural Disasters. Washington, DC: The World Bank. www.housingreconstruction.org Clarke, Mathew, I. Fanany, and S. Kenny, eds. 2010. Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Lessons from Aceh. London and Washington: EARTHSCAN. UN-HABITAT. 2009. Post-Tsunami Aceh-Nias Settlement and Housing Recovery. UN-HABITAT Jakarta. vii viii Preface (ii) respond to needs not addressed by other donors, and (iii) recognize that post-disaster assistance projects in response to a disaster of extreme magnitude may require a longer duration than mainstream development projects. While ADB’s Urban Community of Practice will benefit greatly from this publication, from a broader perspective, it is our sincere wish that this publication will encourage further concrete thought and discussion regarding the formulation and implementation of post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation initiatives. KUNIO SENGA MIKE LINDFIELD Director General Chair, Urban Community of Practice Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank Asian Development Bank Acknowledgments e gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the many co-authors and practitioners that made implementation of the ETESP housing W program a success. This especially includes advisors at ADB’s Extended Mission in Sumatra, in particular, Rehan Kausar and Aminul Huq. We also thank Arjun Thapan, former Director General of the Southeast Asia Department; and James P. Lynch, Director of the Southeast Asia Department’s Transport and Urban Development Division, for their encouragement. Manuscript editing was done by Lynette Mallery. Pinky Villanueva assisted with editorial matters; Anthony Victoria coordinated layout and graphics; and Muriel Ordoñez, Ma. Priscila del Rosario, and Rodel Bautista assisted with production matters. Ma. Celeste Saniel-Gois provided overall coordination in production and publication. FLORIAN STEINBERG PIETER SMIDT Senior Urban Development Specialist Former Lead Water Transport and Urban Development Division Resources Specialist Southeast Asia Department
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Same Planet, a Different World
    The following is a firsthand account of a medical-relief mission to western Indonesia that Dennis Whitehead, MD ’75, undertook in March 2005 in response to severe earthquakes that devastated the region only months after the tsunami struck. As this issue of Buffalo Physician was going to press, Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Coast. We contacted Whitehead and asked him if he had been involved in relief efforts following the storm. We learned he had just Same Planet, a Different World returned from six days of working with the Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals to support search-and- rescue efforts in downtown New Orleans, assist boat crews in the flooded areas, treat rescue workers, complete MEDICAL RELIEF IN INDONESIA, POST-TSUNAMI AND EARTHQUAKE EMS site surveys and examine shelter patients in rural St. Tammany Parish, northeast of New Orleans. By DENNIS C. WHITEHEAD, MD ’75 At our request, Whitehead agreed to report on his Gulf Coast experience in the next issue of Buffalo Physician. —S. A. UNGER, EDITOR All that remains of Banda Aceh’s densely populated residential area. The hills in the background shielded most of the downtown business district. Nias Island Same Planet, a Different World India Indian Ocean Cambodia My thirtieth medical class reunion took place this past April, and I was looking forward to it very much. I have greatly enjoyed seeing my Sumatra classmates every five years and catching up on their lives. My former room- Malaysia mate, Jack Freer, MD ’75, now a clinical professor of medicine at UB, was 8.7 earthquake coordinator for our class this year and I promised him I would be there for the festivities.
    [Show full text]
  • Dutch Donors Hand Over More Than 600 UN-HABITAT Houses on the Remote Island of Simeulue
    United Nations Human Settlements Programme Programme des Nations Unies pour les établissements humains INDONESIA JL. T.M. Pahlawan No. 3A, Banda Aceh, Telephone : +62 651 25258 PRESS RELEASE Dutch donors hand over more than 600 UN-HABITAT houses on the remote island of Simeulue Sambai, Simeulue Island, Indonesia, 5 July – In a joyful ceremony in Sambai village on Simeulue Island UN-HABITAT, UNDP and the Aceh Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency celebrated the completion of houses together with Dutch donors and survivors of the Indian Ocean Tsunami. Daniel Biau (UN-HABITAT,right) and Simon Field (UNDP) plant a tree in front of a reconstructed house The director of the Regional and Technical Cooperation Division Nairobi, Daniel Biau, who visited Aceh Province to commemorate two years of UN-HABITAT’s and UNDP’s Aceh Nias Settlements Support Programme praised the successful collaboration work between UN- HABITAT, UNDP, the Aceh Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency (BRR) and the people of Simeulue and their local authorities. The Aceh Nias Settlements Support Programme (ANSSP) has so far completed reconstruction of 3,500 houses and more than 1,000 are currently under construction in cooperation with the Asian Development Bank (ADB). In Simeulue, an island off the west coast of Sumatra, the recovery process has been particularly challenging. On the remote island the number of casualties was relatively small, because oral tradition had passed on the knowledge that people must run uphill after earthquakes to avoid tsunami waves. However, the destruction, which the disaster had left behind, was overwhelming. Whole villages had been wiped out. The shipment of material by sea and on the few bad roads was difficult and skilled workers were hard to find.
    [Show full text]
  • Hans Harmakaputra, Interfaith Relations in Contemporary Indonesia
    Key Issues in Religion and World Affairs Interfaith Relations in Contemporary Indonesia: Challenges and Progress Hans Abdiel Harmakaputra PhD Student in Comparative Theology, Boston College I. Introduction In February 2014 Christian Solidarity Worldwide (CSW) published a report concerning the rise of religious intolerance across Indonesia. Entitled Indonesia: Pluralism in Peril,1 this study portrays the problems plaguing interfaith relations in Indonesia, where many religious minorities suffer from persecution and injustice. The report lists five main factors contributing to the rise of religious intolerance: (1) the spread of extremist ideology through media channels, such as the internet, religious pamphlets, DVDs, and other means, funded from inside and outside the country; (2) the attitude of local, provincial, and national authorities; (3) the implementation of discriminatory laws and regulations; (4) weakness of law enforcement on the part of police and the judiciary in cases where religious minorities are victimized; and (5) the unwillingness of a “silent majority” to speak out against intolerance.2 This list of factors shows that the government bears considerable responsibility. Nevertheless, the hope for a better way to manage Indonesia’s diversity was one reason why Joko Widodo was elected president of the Republic of Indonesia in October 2014. Joko Widodo (popularly known as “Jokowi”) is a popular leader with a relatively positive governing record. He was the mayor of Surakarta (Solo) from 2005 to 2012, and then the governor of Jakarta from 2012 to 2014. People had great expectations for Jokowi’s administration, and there have been positive improvements during his term. However, Human Rights Watch (HRW) World Report 2016 presents negative data regarding his record on human rights in the year 2015, including those pertaining to interfaith relations.3 The document 1 The pdf version of the report can be downloaded freely from Christian Solidarity Worldwide, “Indonesia: Pluralism in Peril,” February 14, 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER V CLOSING 5.1 Conclusion Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurship Has Become a Phenomenon That Is Widely Found in All Parts of T
    CHAPTER V CLOSING 5.1 Conclusion Ethnic minority entrepreneurship has become a phenomenon that is widely found in all parts of the world. This type of entrepreneurship is driven by migration out of the place of origin to get better opportunities in other areas. The movement that occurs causes people from one ethnic group to join with other ethnic groups in the destination. This assimilation causes ethnic migrants to be outnumbered by local ethnic groups in the destination that have been there for a long time. This has led to the term ethnic minority. Efforts to earn income through doing business by ethnic minority then formed the term ethnic minority entrepreneurship. Nias is an ethnic who has a long history with West Sumatra area, especially the city of Padang. Although still outnumbered by Minangkabau ethnicity, Nias people in Padang City already have strong roots because of the nature of Nias people who have a strong sense of kinship. From an economic standpoint, over time, progressive changes have been found in the economic order of the Nias community in the city of Padang. In the past Nias people only worked as farmers, becoming fishermen or laborers in the city of Padang. Now, Nias people in Padang who are a minority have found livelihoods in various fields, including entrepreneurship. Those who originally came with limited language differences, mediocre education and did not have the capital managed to make a 132 decent living and raise the dignity of their ancestors who had set foot first in the city of Padang with low standard of life.
    [Show full text]
  • North Sumatra
    PROVINCE INFOGRAPHIC NORTH SUMATRA ACEH Langsa KOTA BARAT ACEH LAN GSA TEN GAH ACEH TIMU R Karang Baru Suka Makmue ACEH NAGAN TAMIANG Meulaboh RAYA GAYO LUES Blang Kejeren Kembar Stabat KOTA ACEH MEDAN Blangpidie BARAT The boundaries and names shown and the DAYA Binjai Medan SERDANG LANGKAT KOTA designations used on this map do not imply Medan BEDA GAI ACEH BINJAI official endorsement or acceptance by the Lubuk Sei Rampah SELATAN Kutacane Pakam Tebing KOTA United Nations. DELI Tinggi TEB INGTIN GGI ACEH SERDANG TEN GGARA Tapak BATU Tuan KARO Sibayak BARA Legend: Sinabung Limapuluh KOTA TANJUNGBALAI Administrative Boundary Kabanjahe Raya DAIRI Pematangsiantar Kisaran KOTA Tanjung Province Province Capital PEMATANGSIANTAR SIMA LUN GUN Balai Sidikalang District District Capital KOTA SUBU LUSSALAM SAMOSIR ASAH AN Subulussalam PAKPAK Pangururan Toba Transportation Population BARAT Population counts at 1km resolution Salak Aek Kanopan Toll road Sinabang ACEH TO BA LABUHANBATU SIN GKIL UTARA Primary road 0 HUMBANG SAMOSIR SIMEULU E Balige LABUHANBATU Secondary road 1 - 5 HASUNDUTAN Port 6 - 25 Singkil Dolok Sanggul Bagan Siapi-api TAPANULI Imun Airport 26 - 50 TENGAH TAPANULI Rantau LABUHANBATU Prapat UTARA Helatoba-Tarutung SELATAN 51 - 100 Tarutung Other 101 - 500 Kota Pinang 501 - 2,500 ROKAN Volcano KOTA TAPANULI HILIR Water/Lake 2,501 - 5,000 SIB OLGA SELATAN Sibolga PADANG 5,000 - 130,000 Pandan Sipirok Coastline/River Sibualbuali LAWAS UTARA Lubukraya KOTA Gunung Tua Lotu GUNUNGSITOLI NIAS Padang BENGKALIS UTARA Gunung Sitoli Sidempuan
    [Show full text]
  • Title, This Is a Template for Conference Abstract
    Does the Current Distribution of Fruit Commodities in North Sumatra Help to Enhance the Regional Economic Development? Dany Juhandi1, Ardian Elonard Purba2 {[email protected]} Politeknik Wilmar Bisnis Indonesia, Indonesia1, 2 Abstract. Fruit commodity is one of the most imported agricultural commodities. However, the government did not pay enough attention to agricultural policies for this commodity. Farmers also prefer to plant food and plantation commodities. Meanwhile, increasing consumption of fruits creates opportunities for farmers and the government to meet domestic demand. It increases due to the consumption factor of the population. Fruit consumption is currently showing an increasing trend because public awareness to consume fruits continues to increase. To meet domestic demand, the fruit market is filled with imported fruits. We need an appropriate development plan for fruit commodities which has an impact on regional economic development. This study aims (1) to analyze potential fruit commodities in North Sumatra, (2) to analyze specialization and localization of fruit commodities, and (3) to analyze priority fruit commodities in North Sumatra. The research methodology used in this paper is quantitative descriptive using secondary data from 2017- 2018. The results of the study show that (1) each district in North Sumatra has a very varied fruit commodity base, (2) there are no districts in North Sumatra that specialized in producing certain fruit commodities, (3) the priority fruit commodities are still monotonous. Planning of fruit commodities development has not been specialized so that the objectives of regional economic development based on horticultural commodities are difficult to achieve. Keywords: Regional Economic Development 1 Introduction Fruit commodity is one of horticulture commodity that is less considered compared to food commodities such as rice, corn, and soybeans.
    [Show full text]
  • GUNUNGSITOLI TAHUN 2020 Pemerintah Kota Gunungsitoli
    PROFIL POTENSI DAERAH KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI TAHUN 2020 Pemerintah Kota Gunungsitoli KATA PENGANTAR Menyadari pentingnya ketersediaan data dan informasi bagi pembangunan perekonomian daerah, maka Pemerintah Kota Gunungsitoli menyusun data dan informasi potensi daerah dalam bentuk Profil Potensi Kota Gunungsitoli. Profil Potensi Kota Gunungsitoli ini disusun secara komprehensif dan reliable untuk memberikan gambaran potensi- potensi ekonomi di Kota Gunungsitoli yang dapat dikembangkan melalui intervensi sektor swasta dalam bentuk investasi di daerah. Besar harapan kami dengan adanya Profil Potensi Kota Gunungsitoli akan menguatkan dan menumbuhkan investasi daerah serta memajukan perekonomian Kota Gunungsitoli pada khususnya dan Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada umumnya. Demikian Profil Potensi Daerah ini disusun sebagai bahan bagi para pemangku kepentingan terkait dan para investor yang ingin berinvestasi di Kota Gunungsitoli. Gunungsitoli, 23 November 2020 PROFIL Potensi Kota Gunungsitoli Tahun 2020 i Pemerintah Kota Gunungsitoli DAFTAR ISI Kata Pengantar .......................................................................... i Daftar Isi .................................................................................... ii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................... 1 A. Gambaran Umum Daerah ............................................. 1 1. Aspek Geografis ...................................................... 1 2. Aspek Demografis ................................................... 4 3. Klimatologi ............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Large Scale Tsunami Simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Using Parallel GPU Computing
    Large scale tsunami simulation for 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami using parallel GPU computing *Fritz Sihombing1) and Marco Torbol2) 1), 2) School of Urban Environmental Engineering, UNIST, South Korea 1) 2) [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT This study couples two different numerical schemes, finite different method and smoothed particle hydrodynamic (SPH) method to more accurately assess the impact of tsunami over a coastline. The model performs large scale tsunami simulation of 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. To handle the SPH model general-purpose computing on graphics processing units manage the computation. The result of the simulation is validated against the observation data of the tsunami. In this research, Banda Aceh city, in Indonesia is chosen as the observation location. COMCOT, a tsunami wave simulation engine, simulates the wave generation and propagation on the open ocean. Instead, DualSPHysics, a SPH solver, simulates the near coast wave propagation and the tsunami wave inundation. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami resulted in a catastrophic event in the Southeast Asian region. The simulation performed in this study provides information about tsunami propagation and tsunami inundation on the coastline with an accuracy greater than available by the current state of the art. This information is important for damage mitigation as well as comprehensive resilient disaster management planning. This work can be expanded to perform probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis. Challenges arose in several areas, such as: the handling of the complex bathymetry and topography, and the computational cost of tsunami simulation. Recent advances of numerical methods as well as computational tools encouraged further improvements on tsunami simulation research.
    [Show full text]
  • North Nias Regency
    LAFAU BEACH MAP NORTH NIAS REGENCY NORTH NIAS REGENCY NIAS ISLAND NIAS ISLAND WEST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE Pasir Berbunyi Beach Tureloto Beach Lotu Lafau Beach Gunung Sitoli C. TURELOTO BEACH Binaka Airport Coordinate : 1°25’49,65‘’ N & 97°8‘29,95’‘E Tourism Business Opportunities (including the investment code for every business ield): Gido a. Star hotel (5511) Lahomi b. Food and Beverages Service : Restaurant (56101), Café (56303) & Bar (56301) c. Spa (96122) and Villa (55194) Lolomatua Mountain d. Sport Facilities: Tennis Field (93116) and Golf Course (93112) e. Recreational Park (93232) and Theme Park (93210) f. Organization of Meeting, Incentive, Conference and Exhibition (82301) g. Enclave Management (91022) of the “Living Road history” ethnic village Hinako Archipelago INVITATION TO INVEST IN TOURISM BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AT : Teluk Dalam ADDRESS Deputy for Tourism Destination and Tourism Industry Development Sapta Pesona Building, 4th Floor Contact Us : INDONESIA Jl. Merdeka Barat No. 17 [email protected] Jakarta Pusat 10110 [email protected] Indonesia T : +62 21 3838040, 3838029 www.kemenpar.go.id F : +62 21 34833865 www.indonesia-tourism-investment.com PRESENTING NORTH NIAS REGENCY, NIAS ISLAND, NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE. MARKETING 2. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT In order to optimize the tourism development in Nias 1. DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW Island, the local government implemented several marketing strategy as follows: a. Quality and quantity improvement of the Nias A. PASIR BERBUNYI BEACH Island tourism marketing program through a Coordinate : 1°29’22,71‘’ N & 97°20‘54,73’‘E wide variety of media promotion and extend its Tourism Business Opportunities (including the reach.
    [Show full text]
  • Cave Settlement Potential of Caves and Rock Shelters in Aceh Besar Regency
    Berkala Arkeologi Volume 40 No. 1, May 2020, 25-44 DOI: 10.30883/jba.v40i1.506 https://berkalaarkeologi.kemdikbud.go.id CAVE SETTLEMENT POTENTIAL OF CAVES AND ROCK SHELTERS IN ACEH BESAR REGENCY POTENSI HUNIAN GUA DAN CERUK DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR Taufiqurrahman Setiawan Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera [email protected] ABSTRAK Bukti adanya kehidupan masa prasejarah di Aceh telah dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian arkeologi yang dilakukan oleh Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara. Sampai saat ini penelitian masih terfokus di pesisir timur dan pegunungan tengah Aceh, Pesisir barat Aceh belum pernah diteliti. Pesisir barat Aceh merupakan wilayah yang memiliki bentangalam kars cukup luas, dan memiliki potensi gua yang mungkin digunakan sebagai lokasi hunian pada masa lalu. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah memprediksi keberadaan gua dengan peta topografi, peta geologi, serta digital elevation model (DEM). Selain itu, hasil inventarisasi gua yang pernah dilakukan di wilayah pesisir barat Aceh juga digunakan sebagai data awal untuk memperoleh sebaran gua dan ceruk. Pada penelitian ini lingkup wilayah yang disurvei adalah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Tiga parameter gua hunian, yaitu morfologi dan genesa, lingkungan, serta kandungan arkeologis, digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran potensi masing-masing gua. Sebelas gua dan ceruk yang telah ditemukan menunjukkan adanya tiga buah gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian dan diteliti lebih lanjut, empat gua berpotensi sebagai lokasi hunian tetapi tidak berpotensi untuk diteliti, dan empat gua berkategori tidak potensial sebagai lokasi hunian. Kata Kunci: Gua; Ceruk; Karst; Pesisir Barat Aceh; Prasejarah ABSTRACT The evidence of prehistoric life in Aceh has been proven by the results of archeological research conducted by the Archaeology Research Office of North Sumatera.
    [Show full text]
  • North Sumatra's 2018 Election: Identity Politics Ruled The
    ISSUE: 2018 No. 60 ISSN 2335-6677 RESEARCHERS AT ISEAS – YUSOF ISHAK INSTITUTE ANALYSE CURRENT EVENTS Singapore |1 October 2018 North Sumatra’s 2018 Election: Identity Politics Ruled the Day Deasy Simandjuntak* EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • The North Sumatra gubernatorial election was among the largest local elections this year. • Edy Rahmayadi, a former commander of the army strategic command, and his running- mate, Musa Rajeckshah, a local businessman, were supported by Gerindra, PKS, PAN, Golkar, Hanura, Nasdem, and Democrat party. They defeated PDIP’s candidate Djarot Saiful Hidayat, former Jakarta vice-governor, and his running-mate, a young Jakarta- based businessman Sihar Sitorus. • Voters’ preferences were influenced by identity politics. Muslim districts overwhelmingly voted for the all-Muslim ticket (Edy-Musa) and Christian districts for the religiously combined ticket (Djarot-Sihar). • On the surface, North Sumatra’s election resembled national politics as PDIP went head-to-head with Gerindra-PKS. However, the fact that other ruling coalition parties like Golkar, Hanura and Nasdem, supported Gerindra-PKS dampened the rivalry between the coalitions. • Due to the fluidity of coalitions, pilkada results are not the best indicators for the upcoming presidential and legislative elections. However, the North Sumatra pilkada provided a training ground for party machineries for 2019. * Deasy Simandjuntak is Associate Fellow in the Indonesia Studies Programme at ISEAS Yusof - Ishak Institute 1 ISSUE: 2018 No. 60 ISSN 2335-6677 INTRODUCTION On 27 June 2018, Indonesian voters in 171 regions voted for governors, mayors and regents. This was the third simultaneous regional elections (pilkada) held since 2015. With 152 million eligible voters and a turnout of 77.5% on gubernatorial, 75.56% on regency, and 73.82% on mayoral, elections,1 this year’s pilkada was among the world’s largest one-day elections.
    [Show full text]
  • Tiga Tipe Tata Ruang Desa Tradisional Di Nias Selatan, Sumatera Utara
    KALPATARU, Majalah Arkeologi Vol. 28 No.2, November 2019 (45-60) TIGA TIPE TATA RUANG DESA TRADISIONAL DI NIAS SELATAN, SUMATERA UTARA Three Types of Spatial Patterns in South Nias Traditional Villages, North Sumatera Elyada Wigati Pramaresti Museum Ullen Sentalu, Jalan Boyong KM. 25, Kaliurang Barat, Hargobinangun, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta [email protected] Naskah diterima : 31 Juli 2019 Naskah diperiksa : 10 Agustus 2019 Naskah disetujui : 29 Oktober 2019 Abstract. South Nias is one of many regions in Indonesia that still mantains the existence of traditional settlement. Villages in this regency have unique characteristic shown from their linear forms with two rows of houses facing each other. Although the villages all seem similar, but in fact, there are three different spatial patterns. This research would be related with the disparity of these traditional settlement patterns. Qualitative method was used in this research by obtaining data through field observations, interviews, and literature study. The result reveals that the traditional settlement patterns were in the shapes of branched linear, I-shaped linear, and T-shaped linear. This classification was based on the variation of shapes and location of the village material components. Another purpose in this research is to do a documentation about South Nias traditional villages including their original components which become scarce nowadays due to being damaged by natural factors or deliberately replaced by modern components. Keywords: South Nias, Traditional Village, Spatial Pattern Abstrak. Nias Selatan adalah salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang masih mempertahankan keberadaan permukiman tradisional. Desa-desa yang ditemukan di kabupaten tersebut memiliki karakteristik yang unik, yaitu berbentuk linear dengan dua baris rumah yang saling berhadapan.
    [Show full text]