Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 448e452

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Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity

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Original Article Two new species of the genus (:) from Korea

Kim Hyung June, Kang Dong Won*

National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, South Korea article info abstract

Article history: In this study, two new species of the genus Callyspongia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: Callyspognia Received 11 July 2017 pyeongdaensis sp. nov. and Callyspongia maraensis sp. nov. from Korea are described as new to science. All Received in revised form of the available information is presented in this study including the localities from which the species 5 September 2017 were collected and illustrations of spicule and skeleton. Accepted 22 September 2017 Ó 2017 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Available online 17 October 2017 Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Keywords: Callyspongiidae Callyspongia Korea New species

Introduction surveyed Jeju Island, South Korea, where marine life has not been studied and is affected by Kuroshio Current. As a result, here, we The family Callyspongiidae was found in 1936 by de Laubenfels describe one new species of Callyspongia. This new species was and consists of haplosclerid which have a two- compared with the Korea and Japan Callyspongia species with a dimensional ectosomal skeleton of primary, secondary, and some- similar morphology. times tertiary fibers (De Voogd 2004; Desqueyroux-Faundeze and Valentine 2002). This family contains four genera (Arenosclera, Materials and methods Callyspongia, Dactylia, and Siphonochalina) and four subgenera within the genus Callyspongia. The genus Callyspongia is charac- The sponges were collected by hand from Jeju Island (Figure 1), terized by a regular ectosomal tangential reticulations that are Korea, by scuba diving, from 2016 to 2017. Specimens were fixed in primary and secondary (Kang and Sim 2008; Van Soest 1980). The 95% or 99.9% ethanol. Spicules were observed under light micro- choanosome has a well-developed sponging fiber skeleton, all scope (Carl Zeiss Axioskop II, Göttingen, Germany). Identification primary fibers are regularly reticulate producing rectangular was done on the basis of external features, shape, structure of meshes, and skeletal tracts are usually dominated by spongin skeleton, and size and form of spicules. Thin free-hand sections (Hooper 1997). The lack of discriminating characters within the were made with specimens hardened in alcohol using a surgical order Haplosclerida and the large variability of the structural blade in order to observe the structure of the skeleton. Spicules characters within the Callyspongiidae have resulted in many junior were prepared by dissolving a piece of sponge in sodium hypo- names and confusion. Because of this, new descriptions of Call- chlorite and were examined under scanning electron microscope yspongia species should preferably be based on ample material to (SEM; SU3500; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) (Rützler 1978). They were allow investigation of intraspecific variations (De Voogd 2004). mounted on stubs, followed by a coating with gold-palladium. The Approximately, 11 species have been described from Korea till now specimens are deposited in National Marine Biodiversity Institute (Kang and Sim 2008; Rho and Lee 1976; Rho and Yang 1983; Sim of Korea (MABIK). 1981; Sim and Byeon 1989; Sim and Kim 1988). In this study, we Systematic accounts * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 41 950 0730; fax: þ82 41 950 0727. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Dong Won). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Class Demospongiae Sollas, 1885 Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Order Haplosclerida Topsent, 1928 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2017.09.002 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Ó 2017 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). K Hyung June, K Dong Won / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 448e452 449

Figure 1. This map is showing the collecting site, Jeju-do.

Figure 2. Callyspongia pyeongdaensis sp. nov.: A, entire specimen; B, spicules (style); CeD, oxea; EeF, strongyle. .