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Mejoras En La Usabilidad De La Web a Través De Una Estructura Complementaria

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Mejoras En La Usabilidad De La Web a Través De Una Estructura Complementaria Mejoras en la usabilidad de la Web a través de una estructura complementaria AUTOR: María Daniela López De Luise DIRECTORES: Prof. Mela Bosch, Dr. Juan Ale Tesis presentada para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Informáticas Facultad de Informática – Universidad Nacional de La Plata Noviembre de 2007 Índice ÍNDICE DE TABLAS ................................................................................................................. IV INDICE DE FIGURAS ................................................................................................................ VI AGRADECIMIENTOS ..............................................................................................................VIII RESUMEN ............................................................................................................................... IX ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... X CAPÍTULO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Motivación y contribuciones ....................................................................................... 6 1.1.1. Principales contribuciones....................................................................................... 7 1.2. Objetivo y alcances de este trabajo............................................................................. 9 1.3. Estructura de la tesis................................................................................................. 10 CAPÍTULO 2. ANTECEDENTES................................................................................................ 12 2.1. Procesamiento textual en la Web .............................................................................. 12 2.2. Factores subjetivos en la búsqueda de información ................................................. 14 2.3. Text mining, lingüística computacional y recuperación de información.................. 15 2.4. Criterios semánticos.................................................................................................. 16 (i) Buscadores por concepto...................................................................................... 17 (ii) Frameworks ...................................................................................................... 20 (iii) Buscadores en dominios acotados.................................................................... 21 (iv) Buscadores sensibles a actividad del usuario................................................... 22 (v) Buscadores combinados con otras estrategias.................................................. 23 (vi) Diccionarios y Sistemas de manipulación de relaciones semánticas ............... 23 (vii) Otras aplicaciones............................................................................................. 24 2.5. Criterios morfosintácticos......................................................................................... 27 (i) Desambiguación ................................................................................................... 28 (ii) Traducción automática ..................................................................................... 29 (iii) Detección y manejo de patrones sintácticos..................................................... 30 (iv) Reconocimiento y corrección de errores en textos........................................... 32 (v) Navegación Web.............................................................................................. 33 (vi) Indexación de textos......................................................................................... 34 (vii) Expansión de términos ..................................................................................... 35 (viii) Frameworks .................................................................................................. 36 (ix) Otros ................................................................................................................. 37 2.6. Information Retrieval (IR) y el posicionamiento....................................................... 37 CAPÍTULO 3. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA ESTRATEGIA GLOBAL........................................................ 42 3.0. Estructura Virtual...................................................................................................... 43 3.1. Módulo de Traducción a Lenguaje Interno............................................................... 46 3.2. Módulo Motor de Composición (MC)....................................................................... 52 3.2.1. Tratamiento de EBH opuestos y contradicciones .................................................. 63 (i) La contradicción: un marco teórico...................................................................... 64 (ii) Definición de opuesto en el contexto WIH ...................................................... 65 (iii) Implementación de la propuesta en WIH ......................................................... 67 3.2.2. Tratamiento de EBH ambiguos y ambigüedades ................................................... 68 (i) La ambigüedad: un marco teórico........................................................................ 69 (ii) La ambigüedad en los textos: marco teórico.................................................... 71 (iii) Fundamentos de la estrategia WIH .................................................................. 71 i (iv) Situaciones ambiguas que procesa WIH .......................................................... 72 3.2.3. Justificación de la estrategia con po....................................................................... 74 (i) La fe y el procesamiento por Lógica Difusa......................................................... 74 (ii) Análisis estadístico de datos............................................................................. 76 1. Análisis de frecuencias......................................................................................... 76 2. Estudio de patrones e interrelaciones ................................................................... 80 2.a) Estudio de normalidad para n y po ................................................................ 81 2.b) Estudio de correlación................................................................................... 82 2.c) Estudio de variabilidad Kruskal Wallis para po............................................. 82 2.d) Estudio de medianas para po ......................................................................... 83 2.e) Estudio de medianas y variabilidad para n.................................................... 84 2.f) Estudio de po a nivel documento ................................................................... 84 2.g) Estudio de po al nivel de significación.......................................................... 86 2.h) Consideraciones finales................................................................................. 88 3. El modelo matemático.......................................................................................... 89 (iii) El modelo difuso como fe en WIH ........................................................................ 91 3.3. Módulo Motor de Asimilación (MA) ......................................................................... 93 3.4. Sistema de adaptación: GM, MM y SC ..................................................................... 97 (i) El Sistema Controlador (SC)................................................................................ 98 (ii) El Motor de Métricas (MM)............................................................................. 99 (iii) El Gestor de Métricas (GM)........................................................................... 102 CAPÍTULO 4. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROTOTIPO IMPLEMENTADO .............................................. 104 4.1. Arquitectura de software y hardware...................................................................... 104 4.2. Diagrama de clases reducido.................................................................................. 105 (i) motor.tli .............................................................................................................. 105 (ii) motor.composicion......................................................................................... 106 (iii) motor.asimilacion........................................................................................... 107 4.3. Metodología desarrollo........................................................................................... 107 CAPÍTULO 5. ESTUDIO DE CASOS Y RESULTADOS................................................................. 109 5.1. Conceptos preliminares........................................................................................... 109 (i) Descriptores EBH. ................................................................................................. 109 (ii) Estructura de una Eci............................................................................................. 110 (iii) Estructura de una Ece. .......................................................................................... 111 5.2. Tratamiento de EBH opuestos y contradicciones ................................................... 111 (i) Estudio de contradicciones usando WIH............................................................ 112 (ii) Estudio de caso con la estrategia de opuestos .....................................................
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