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MAP OF SUDAN Courtesy of the Office for the Coordinaon of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA Table of Contents Acronyms ...........................................................................................................1 Foreword ............................................................................................................3 IntroducƟon .......................................................................................................5 The Current State of Sudanese Children.................................................. .........8 Child survival ................................................................................................8 Health ..........................................................................................................8 NutriƟon ......................................................................................................8 EducaƟon .....................................................................................................9 Water, SanitaƟon and Hygiene ....................................................................10 HIV/AIDS ....................................................................................................12 Child ProtecƟon ..........................................................................................13 FGM/C ........................................................................................................14 The Current State of Sudanese Women and Girls ..............................................15 An Equitable Approach to Progress ...................................................................17 DisaggregaƟng the data ....................................................................................18 The Way Forward .............................................................................................19 Chapter 1: Northern State ................................................................................20 Chapter 2: River Nile State ................................................................................26 Chapter 3: Red Sea State ..................................................................................30 Chapter 4: Kassala State ...................................................................................36 Chapter 5: Gadarif State ...................................................................................42 Chapter 6: Khartoum State ...............................................................................48 Chapter 7: Gezira State .....................................................................................54 Chapter 8: White Nile State ..............................................................................60 Chapter 9: Sinnar State .....................................................................................66 Chapter 10: Blue Nile State ...............................................................................72 Chapter 11: North Kordofan State .....................................................................78 Chapter 12: South Kordofan State .....................................................................84 Chapter 13: North Darfur State .........................................................................90 Chapter 14: West Darfur State ..........................................................................96 Chapter 15: South Darfur State .......................................................................102 Summary Report Card by State .......................................................................108 Conclusion ......................................................................................................109 Greater Commitment ..................................................................................109 Ensuring Smooth TransiƟon from Conflict to Development ..........................112 Partnerships ................................................................................................113 Data CollecƟon ............................................................................................113 UniƟng for Women and Children .................................................................114 Acronyms ALP Alternave Learning Programme ANC Antenatal Care BCG BacilleCalmee Guerin CAAC Children Affected by Armed Conflict CBS Central Bureau of Stascs CBO Community-based Organizaon CMAM Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrion CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement CRC Convenon on the Rights of the Child CTS Community Approach to Sanitaon DDR Disarmament, Demobilizaon and Re-integraon DPA Doha Peace Agreement DPT Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus DV Domesc Violence ECCD Early Child Care and Development EmOC Emergency Obstetric Care EMIS Educaon Management Informaon System ENP Essenal Nutrion Package EPI Expanded Programme of Immunizaon EPP Esmaon and Projecon Package EPA Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement FGM/C Female Genital Mulaon/Cung FMOH Federal Ministry of Health FSMS Food Security Monitoring System GAM Global Acute Malnutrion GDP Gross Domesc Product GER Gross Enrolment Rate GMP Growth, Monitoring and Promoon GPI Gender Parity Index GS Government of Sudan HiB HaemophilusInfluenzae Type B HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome IDP Internally Displaced Person IEC Informaon, Educaon and Communicaon IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illness INGO Internaonal Non-Governmental Organizaon IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding KAP Knowledge, Atude and Pracce LLITN Long Lasng Inseccide Treatment Net MENA Middle East and North Africa MDGs Millennium Development Goals MICS Mulple Indicator Cluster Survey MoWSC Ministry of Welfare and Social Security NAR Net Aendance Rao NCCW Naonal Council for Child Welfare NGO Non-Governmental Organizaon NPC Naonal Populaon Council ODF Open Defecaon Free OPT Outpaent Therapeuc Programme ORT Oral Rehydraon Therapy 1 The State Of Sudanese Children 2011 PLWA People Living With AIDS PMTCT Prevenon of Mother-to-Child Transmission RH Reproducve Health SAM Severe Acute Malnutrion SBA Skilled Birth Aendant SDG Sudanese Pound SHHS Sudan Household Survey SHHS2 Sudan Household Survey 2nd SITAN Situaon Analysis SMoH State Ministry of Health SNAP Sudan Naonal AIDS Programme SOME State Ministry of Educaon SPLM Sudan People‘s Liberaon Movement SRCS Sudanese Red Crescent Society UNESCO United Naons Educaonal, Scienfic and Cultural Organizaon UNFPA United Naons Populaon Fund UNHCR United Naons High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Naons Children’s Fund UNMAO United Naons Mine Acon Organizaon UNOCHA United Naons Office for the Coordinaon of Humanitarian Affairs USD United States Dollar UXO Unexploded Ordnance U5 Under 5 VCT Voluntary Counseling and Tesng WASH Water, Sanitaon and Hygiene WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organizaon The State Of Sudanese Children 2011 2 Foreword Children make up half of Sudan’s populaon. There are 15 million children under the age of 18 and 4.5 million aged five or under. This simple reality underlines the fact that the manner in which we provide for children today will determine the health, educaon, development, peace and prosperity of Sudan for decades to come. In 1990, Sudan pledged to protect its children by rafying the Convenon on the Rights of the Child (CRC). This decision guaranteed children the fulfilment of a full range of their human rights: to survival; to develop to the fullest; to have protecon from harmful influences, abuse and exploitaon; and to parcipate fully in family, cultural and social life. This acceptance of children’s rights was further expanded through the signing of the CRC’s two Oponal Protocols on the involvement of children in armed conflict and the sale of children, child prostuon and child pornography. In 2010, Sudan reaffirmed those commitments by passing the Child Act. The State of Sudanese Children, produced jointly by the Government of Sudan’s Naonal Council on Child Welfare (NCCW) and UNICEF, shows Sudan’s progress in meeng these promises in each of its fieen states1. It reflects the very real improvement in most childhood indicators between 2006 and 2010, as well as the multude of challenges facing children today, not least as a result of the conflict in Darfur and along the border with South Sudan. The future is further clouded by an economic downturn due to lost oil revenues resulng from separaon of South Sudan, at the same me as drought and climate change are pushing families further into poverty while rendering basic resources, like food and water, scarce. The analycal reports and the data of the Central Bureau of Stascs (CBS) and the Sudan Household Survey (SHHS) used in The State of Sudanese Children show us that rural children and poor children are the country’s most vulnerable. For example, children from the richest 20 per cent of the populaon are one and a half mes more likely to aend primary school than children in the poorest 20 per cent. Urban households are almost three mes more likely than rural ones to access improved sanitaon. Full immunizaon coverage reaches 56 per cent of children in urban areas compared with only 47 per cent in rural localies. Girls in the poorest quinle are more than three mes as likely to be married before the age of 18 than girls in the richest quinle. Determinants of disparies are not limited to income level and urbanizaon. Among nomadic populaons, 82 per cent of school age children are out of school. In rural areas, parents’ atudes towards girls’ educaon and child marriage all contribute to the gender disparity in educaon.
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