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Mit Kultur Zur Metropole? a Metropolis in the Making

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Mit Kultur Zur Metropole? a Metropolis in the Making Zentrum für Kulturforschung ICG Culturplan Mit Kultur zur Metropole? Evaluation der Kulturhauptstadt Europas RUHR.2010 A Metropolis in the Making Evaluation of the European Capital of Culture RUHR.2010 Kapitel Seite Chapter Page Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Vorwort | Foreword 5 2 Einführung | Introduction 7 2.1 Auftrag | Remit 7 2.2 Methode | Method 8 Content 2.3 Materialbasis | Material basis 11 2.3.1 Umfragen | Surveys 11 2.3.2 Untersuchungen | Studies 11 2.3.3 Presse | Press 12 2.3.4 Interviews | Interviews 12 2.3.5 Erzähltypen | Narrator types 13 3 Ziele der Kulturhauptstadt | Capital of Culture objectives 17 3.1 Ziele | Objectives 17 3.2 Zum Begriff „Metropole“ | The term “Metropolis“ 22 4 Handlungsfelder | Fields of activity 27 4.1 Erfahrbarkeit | Creating experience 27 4.1.1 Programm | Programme 27 4.1.1.1 Vorgeschichte | Background 28 4.1.1.2 Programmstruktur und -qualität | Programme structure and quality 29 4.1.1.3 Projekte | Projects 32 4.1.1.4 Zusammenfassende Bewertung | Summarised assessment 43 4.1.2 Marketing- und Kommunikationsstrategie | Marketing and communication strategy 46 4.1.2.1 Ziele | Objectives 47 4.1.2.2 Strategien und Maßnahmen | Strategies and measures 48 4.1.2.3 Tourismus | Tourism 54 4.1.2.4 Zusammenfassende Bewertung | Summarised assessment 58 4.2 Infrastruktur | Infrastructure 61 4.2.1 Institutionen/Netzwerke | Institutions and networks 61 4.2.1.1 Programm- und Kampagnenfähigkeit | Programme and campain capability 65 4.2.1.2 Kultur- und Metropolenmarketing | Cultural and metropolitan marketing 66 4.2.1.3 Governance | Governance 67 4.2.1.4 Resourcen | Resources 68 4.2.2 Bauten und bauliche Infrastruktur | Buildings and architectural infrastructure 68 4.3 Werte | Values 73 4.3.1 Soziale Teilhabe | Social Participation 73 4.3.2 Kinder und Jugendliche | Children and young people 75 4.3.3 Barrierefreiheit | Accessibility for the handicapped 75 4.3.4 Volunteers | Volunteers 76 4.3.5 Fazit | Summary 77 5 Organisation der Kulturhauptstadt | Organisation of the Capital of Culture 79 6 Budget | Budget 83 7 Anwendungen der EU-Kriterien | Application of the EU criteria 87 8 Literatur | Literature 93 9 Abbildungsverzeichnis | Figure Directory 96 10 Anhang | Appendix 97 Imressum | Credits 100 Bildernachweis | Picture credits 101 2 InhAltsverZeichnIs | Content 3 1 Vorwort Foreword Unsere Evaluation von RUHR.2010 begann im Herbst 2010. Während der Arbeit haben wir Evalu- atoren uns in einer ganzen Reihe von Sitzungen mit Prof. Dr. Oliver Scheytt, Prof. Dr. Julia Frohne und Maria Baumeister abgestimmt, die seitens der Auf- traggeberin in den Arbeitsprozess involviert waren. Wir haben uns immer wieder ge genseitig in die Karten geschaut, diskutiert und uns auseinanderge- setzt. Trotz der Beziehung zur RUHR.2010 GmbH hatten wir als unabhängige Gutachter alle Freihei- ten, die wir brauchten und die wir wollten. Our evaluation of RUHR.2010 began in autumn 2010. During the project, we the evaluators consul- ted with Prof. Dr. Oliver Scheytt, Prof. Dr. Julia Froh- ne and Maria Baumeister on a number of occasions, who were involved in the work process on behalf of the client. We exchanged ideas and discussed and conferred with one another throughout the evalu- ation process. Despite our relationship to RUHR.2010 GmbH, we enjoyed every freedom we required and wished for as independent evaluators. Zentrum für Kulturforschung und ICG Culturplan Centre for Cultural Research and ICG Culturplan Dieter Haselbach Cerstin Gerecht Susan Kirch Bonn/Berlin, Juni 2011 4 vorwort | preface 5 Einführung 2 Introduction 2.1 2.1 Auftrag Remit „RUHR.2010 – Was war? Was bleibt? Wer könnte “RUHR.2010 – What has been done and what will diese Fragen beantworten? Wer wollte sich ein Ur- stay? Who is in a position to answer these ques- teil darüber erlauben, was diese Kulturhauptstadt für tions? Who would be willing to pronounce judgement die Menschen, die sie erlebt haben, war und was sie on what this Capital of Culture meant to the people für die Region bewirken wird?“ (Sievers 2011: 21) who experienced it at first hand, and what it will Alle diese Fragen können wir sicherlich nicht be- achieve for the region?” (Sievers 2011: 21) antworten. Aber die RUHR.2010 GmbH erteilte uns Undoubtedly, we cannot answer all these ques- den Auftrag, die Kulturhauptstadt zu evaluieren. Die tions. RUHR.2010 GmbH however commissioned us Gesellschaft hatte aus der eigenen Arbeit für das to evaluate the Capital of Culture. The company had Kulturhauptstadtjahr, eigenen Studien und Untersu- compiled an impressive amount of material drawn chungen Dritter eine beeindruckende Menge an Ma- from its work for the Capital of Culture year, its own terial zusammengetragen, um zu dokumentieren, was and third-party surveys, with the aim of documenting sie getan hat, was sie bewirkt hat, wie sie bei den what it did, what it achieved, how it was received by verschiedenen Zielgruppen angekommen ist und wie different target groups and how it has performed its sie ihre Aufgaben erledigt hat. In der Ausschreibung tasks. In the invitation to tender, the Capital of Cul- der Evaluation hat die Kulturhauptstadt dargelegt, ture outlined how it wished to be evaluated. There wie sie evaluiert werden möchte: Es gab umfang- were extensive lists with goals, evaluation areas and reiche Listen mit Zielen, Evaluationsbereichen und material to be used for evaluation purposes. Materialien, die zur Evaluation herangezogen werden Our evaluation report is based on these specifi- sollten. cations. However, it observes these specifications Unser Evaluationsbericht folgt diesen Vorgaben. with the freedom and independence of mind that Allerdings folgt er diesen Vorgaben mit angemes- evaluators must have if they are to do their job prop- sener Freiheit und dem notwendigen Eigensinn, die erly. We condensed the catalogue of objectives with Evaluatoren haben müssen, um ihre Arbeit sinnvoll the client’s consent. We grouped the evaluation ausführen zu können. Die Zielkataloge haben wir – areas according to the objectives. We then sifted in Absprache mit der Auftraggeberin – kondensiert. through the huge amount of material to distil from it 6 EinführunG | IntroduCtIon 7 Die Evaluationsbereiche haben wir auf die Ziele hin what we required for the evaluation. The extensive Eine Evaluation soll in einer überschaubaren Form taken according to these objectives. An evaluation zusammengefasst. Die vielen Materialien haben wir appendix which is included on a CD with the evalu- darstellen, should clearly illustrate danach gefiltert, was wir zur Evaluation brauchten. ation report invites anyone to read on and draw their Der umfangreiche Anhang, der auf einer CD dem own conclusions. Had we not systematically summa- • ob Ziele klar aufgestellt wurden, • whether the objectives were clearly defined, Evaluationsbericht beigefügt ist, lädt dazu ein, wei- rised and omitted a lot of the details we would have • ob die Handlungen im Projekt diesen Zielen • whether the activities in the project were terzulesen und sich aus den Materialien ein eigenes been unable to complete the report with an accept- angemessen konzipiert waren, designed appropriately to these objectives, Bild zu machen. Für uns wäre es ohne kalkuliertes able degree of effort in the allotted time. • ob diese Handlungen erfolgreich durchgeführt • whether these activities were conducted Zusammenführen und ohne Absehen von vielen An evaluation is a complex social process. Fre- wurden, successfully, Details nicht möglich gewesen, mit vertretbarem quently – as in this case – they are commissioned • ob die erwarteten Wirkungen eingetreten sind • whether the expected impact was achieved and Aufwand und in der gegebenen Zeit einen Bericht by the institution to be evaluated itself. Through the und • whether this impact is sustainable. zu erarbeiten. tender process and selection of the evaluation team, • ob diese Wirkungen nachhaltig sind. Eine Evaluation ist ein komplexes, soziales Ge- the evaluated party steers how the work is to be The tasks of an evaluation team could only be ful- schehen. Beauftragt wird sie nicht selten – und auch done and what is to be focused upon. At the same Die Aufgaben eines Evaluatorenteams konnten für filled for RUHR.2010 with some reservations. An in diesem Fall – durch die zu evaluierende Institution time, an evaluation must not be influenced by the RUHR.2010 nur mit einigen Einschränkungen erfüllt evaluation which is to be written shortly after the selbst. Durch Ausschreibung und Auswahl des Eva- evaluated party. Evaluators must be free to pursue werden. Ab dem vierten Punkt aus der obenste- event runs into some difficulty when faced with the luationsteams steuern die Evaluierten mit, wie und their own methods and draw conclusions that do not henden Liste hat eine Evaluation, die nur kurz nach fourth point on the list above. Impact can only be woran gearbeitet werden soll. Gleichzeitig muss eine please the evaluated party. In the case of the evalu- dem Ereignis geschrieben sein soll, einige Schwie- evaluated once it has taken effect. Sustainability can Evaluation frei von Einflussnahme durch die Evaluier- ation of RUHR.2010, we enjoyed this freedom. rigkeiten. Evaluiert werden können nur Wirkungen, only be assessed shortly after the end of the Capital ten sein. Es muss möglich sein, eigenen Methoden die schon eingetreten sind. Nachhaltigkeit lässt sich of Culture year in cases where the expected impact folgen zu können und Ergebnisse zu formulieren, die kurz nach Ende des Kulturhauptstadtjahrs nur dort period is of a short halflife. den
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