And Others TITLE Towards Intercultural Education. a Comparative Study of the Education of Migrant Children in Belgium, England, France, and the Netherlands
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DOCUMUNT RESUME ED 349 836 FL 020 657 AUTHOR Boos-Nunning, Ursula; And Others TITLE Towards Intercultural Education. A Comparative Study of the Education of Migrant Children in Belgium, England, France, and the Netherlands. INSTITUTION Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research, London (England). REPORT NO ISBN-0-948003-36-7 PUB DATE 85 NOTE _ p.; Translated from the German by David McLintock. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Acculturation; Comparative Education; Educational Strategies; Elementary Secondary Education; *Ethnic Groups; Foreign Countries; International Cooperation; International Organizations; *Migrant Children; *Migrant Education; *Native Language Instruction; Program Descriptions; *Social Integration IDENTIFIERS Belgium; *Commission of the European Communities; England; France; Netherlands ABSTRACT This study, originally published in German in 1983, describes results of a comparative evaluation of Commission of the European Communities projects for migrant children's education in four countries (Belgium, England, France, and the Netherlands). The report begins with a discussion of the European Communities' 1970 directive on the teaching of migrant workers' children, including its background, the debate held about it, the initiat:an of pilot projects during the debate, and the project methods. Subsequent sections outline, for each of the four country projects, the particular situation of ethnic minority children in the country's school system as a whole and the design of the project to enhance education of migrant children in that country. In each country, the pilot project was implemented in one city. The cities were: Genk (Belgium), Bedford (England), Paris (France), and Leiden (the Netherlands). Next follows a comparative analysis and assessment of the four programs, focusing on two major program aspects: (1) introduction of migrant children to the host country language and culture; and (2) native language instruction. A concluding section discusses the politics of special programs for this population and emphasizes the need for new approaches to the education of ethnic minority children. An extensive bibliography is included. 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A L : INTERCULTURALEDUCATION U S DEPARTMENT Othcs of Educatronal OF EDUCATION PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS Research MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY EDUCATIONAL and Improvement CENTER R (ERIC/ nos document has received from been reproduced originating itthe personor orpanuationas 0 Minor changes have been made to improve Points ofwew or opmoons TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES ment do not stated in this OERI positionnecessarily representdocu INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)" orpot y ofhcoal ST COPY AVAILABLE ..4 Ursula Boos-Winning Manfred Hohmann Hans H Reich Fritz Wittek TOWARDS INTERCULTURALEDUCATION A comparative study of the education of migrant childrenin Belgium, England, Franceand the Netherlands Translated from the German by DavidMcLintock CILT Centre for information on Language Teachingand Research a r Ptit>likaticn. alfa, This book embodies the results of a comparative evaluation of the pilot projects of the Commission of the European Communities on the teaching of migrant workers' children. This evaluation was carried out by the ALFA research team between April 1978 and June 1980 on behalf of and with the support of the Commission of the European Communities within the framework of the measures recommended in the Council's resolution of 9 February 1976 for aprogramme ofaction in the sphereof education. The opinions expressed in this book are exclusively those of the auth'_s and are in no way binding upon the Commission of the European Communities. The publishers acknowledge with gratitude the contribution made by the Commission of the European Communitiestowards the costof this publication. Ji:,111Led .E.nlre for ;LIormatIon on Language :ea.. rims. and ;e ? tv Centre :or Inlormation on Language Tea,-nin6 and R.?x,nt';. -ark, London WI 4N.:; 11;, 1,? ,i,rvea. No patt or thispubilo,ation may be reprcaucd, c In. :Ptrieva, systPm, or tranr.mitted in arty turrp or by any pnotoccpying, recording or otherwise t.%e trot pefm:-.ssion of te Copyright owner. 4 Contents Preface vii Preface to the English edition xi The EC Directive on the teaching of migrant workers' children 1 Migrant workers' children as an issue in European education policy 1 The history of the Directive 5 The debate on the Directive 7 The legal form of the Directive 13 The position of children of migrant workers from non- member states 13 Mother tongue teaching 14 Reception teaching 15 Appointment and training of foreign teachers 15 The initiation of pilot projects during the debate on the Directive lb Reflections on methods 18 Description and analysis of the pilot projects 20 Description and analysis of national "migrant education systems" 25 Comparison and questions of transferability 27 Ethnic minority children in the Belgian education system 3u The legal and social framework 30 Educational opportunities 32 School achievement and vocational integratinn 3n The pilot project in genic (Belgium' 4v Approval and general conditions 4. Systematic description 41 Aims 41 School organization 4_ Pedagogical principles 41 Learning areas it Persons and institutions taking part In-service training and counselling of the teaching staff The equipment in the schools Educational diagnostics tJ Home-school liaison 52 Evaluation 53 Planning and practice 53 Results and conclusions 55 Overall assessment 56 Ethnic minority children in the English education system 62 The legal and social framework 62 Special structural features of the English education system 66 Mainstream provision 68 Provision for the study of English as a Second Language 72 Mother tongue teaching 74 Concepts of education in a multiracial society: assimilation or pluralism 75 The pilot project in Bedford (England) 78 Approval and general conditions 78 Systematic description 80 Objectives 80 School organization 81 Pedagogical and didactic principles 83 Learning areas 86 The development of teaching and learning materials 88 Persons and institutions taking part: their status, roles and relations 89 Pedagogical diagnostics and the monitoring of learning achievement 92 Home-school liaison 93 Evaluation 93 Critical assessment of certain aspe:ts 97 Ethnic minority children in the French education system 100 The social integration of migrant families and pre-school education 101 Admission of ethnic minority children to primary ann secondary schools 102 Orientation to or within secondary education 1.05 Mainstream and specific educational provision at secondary level 105 Academic achievement 107 6 BEST COPY AVAILABLE The pilot project in Paris 110 The general framework 110 The pilot project 111 Development of objectives 112 Collaboration between French and bilingual teachers 116 )(other tongue teaching 118 Intercultural teaching 125 Home-school liaison 133 Evaluation 134 Ethnic minority children in the education system of the Netherlands 138 The legal and social framework 138 The education system and educational opportunities 140 Pre-school education 141 Admission of ethnic minority pupils to primary schools 141 Admission of ethnic minority' pupils to secondary schools 145 Academic achievement and vocational integration 146 The pilot project in Leiden (The Netherlands) 149 The general framework 149 The pilot project 150 Aims 150 Organization 152 Teaching 153 Collaboration between Dutch and foreign teachers 155 Home-school liaison 156 Evaluation 156 Assessment of the pilot project 159 Comparative analysis and assessment 163 Introducing migrant pupils to the language and culture of the host country 163 The importance attached to the task in the pilot projects 16:3 Defining the task 164 Problems of organization 165 Problem areas in teaching 168 Didactic concepts of reception teaching 169 Teaching and learning materials 170 Mother tongue teaching 171 The importance attached to the task in the pilot projects 171 Defining the task 172 Continuity of mother tongue teaching 176 Composition and differentiation of learning groups 177 The number of weekly lessons 178 Timetabling problems 178 Problem areas in teaching 179 Methods and media 180 Intercultural teaching 181 Critical arguments for new approaches to the education of ethnic minority children 188 The politics of pilot projects and educational innovation 188 Reception teaching 198 Mother tongue teaching 200 Towards intercultural education 203 Bibliography 210 Preface The educational situation of migrant workers' children is a source of wide concern for a variety of reasons. There are at present no agreed educational policies for solving the many problems it raises. However, it seems to us that to reach an agreement on concepts of educational policy at the Europeanlevelis a matter ofless urgency than to develop a number of different national schemes, carefully and flexibly linked, that could be brought into operation in specific problem situ- ations in response to specific demands. This need not mean, however. that such developments should take place independently of one another and without cross-fertilization. Yet even within the individual countries, where there are unified poli- tical institutions and no language barriers, exchanges