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An Integrative Study on the Recreational Shore Fishing in The

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An Integrative Study on the Recreational Shore Fishing in The 08-11-2010 Recreational shore fishing in the south of Portugal: an integrative study Pedro Veiga, Jorge M.S. Gonçalves and Karim Erzini CFRG,Universidade do Algarve/CCMAR. e-mail: [email protected] Background: Recreational Fishing in Portugal •One of the most important pastimes in Portugal: • 300,000 anglers (Marta et al., 2001); 270,000 (EAA. 2003); • 600,000 (6%) (Hurkens & Tisdell, 2006) Number of Fishing licenses per year 250000 201,522 200000 182,902 180,886 150000 121,803 100000 Number 50000 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year 1 08-11-2010 Background: Recreational Fishing in Portugal • “Ignored” by both scientists and managers for a long time “Given the abundance of fisheries resources and the little effort needed to obtain good catches, for a long time the impact of recreational fishing was considered negligible compared with commercial fishing”. (first Decree on recreational fishing: No. 246/2000) • Decrease in most of the fisheries resources: increasing tension between recreational and commercial sectors emerging need to regulate marine recreational fishing An impossible catch, nowadays! A very rare catch! (Tavira - Algarve, back in the 50s) 18.5 Kg dentex caught off Algarve coast (2008) Portuguese RF Regulations: key points Daily bag limits 10 kg 2 kg 0.5 kg Fish and Shellfish and barnacles Minimum landing sizes cephalopods crustaceans Fishing licenses caught fish has to be Protected species fin clipped (Fig 1). Prohibition on selling the fish e.g. Epinephelus marginatus More restrictive regulations for the PNSACV 2 08-11-2010 Aims of the study … evaluate the recreational shore fishing relative impact (vs commercial fishing) … evaluate the socioeconomic importance of the activity in the region. Study area Sines Portugal VRSA 3 08-11-2010 Study area: south coast • Highly urbanized, due to intense tourism; • Calmer sea conditions; • Several estuaries and lagoons • Fishing hotspots: jetties, piers, beaches. Study area: SW coast • Natural Park: low anthropogenic impact; • rougher sea conditions • Mostly rocky shoreline with high cliffs. • fishing is mainly from the cliffs, with no specific access points. 4 08-11-2010 Sampling Methods: Complemented survey August 2006 – July 2007 (stratified random sampling) ... Roving creel surveys Catch and socioeconomic information ... Aerial Surveys Fishing Effort information ... Fishing Logbooks Long term Catch and CPUE information (night catches) What has been done… -12 month sampling period- … 192 roving creel surveys (96 in each sub area- south and SW) ... 1321 interviews (fishing trip data)- Response rate of 95% … 24 aerial surveys- 6872 anglers counted (South coast: 2976; West coast: 4076). ... 256 logbooks distributed to volunteer anglers: return rate of 7%. 5 08-11-2010 Catch composition… • 48 species recorded (5110 fishes): 23% discarded • 16 species from the Sparidae family • Catches dominated by Diplodus sargus • D.sargus was also the most targeted species © FAO Number Weight Discards Discard Species Common name N % W (Kg) % (%) motive Diplodus sargus White seabream 2235 43.7 522.66 48.4 18.0 Length* Diplodus vulgaris Two-banded seabream 733 14.3 87.53 8.1 29.2 Length Boops boops Bogue 415 8.1 36.36 3.4 52.0 Species Scomber japonicus Chub mackerel 333 6.5 48.83 4.5 6.0 Species Sarpa salpa Salema 188 3.7 76.25 7.1 23.9 Species Chelon labrosus Mullet 137 2.7 88.35 8.2 17.5 Species Dicentrarchus labrax Sea bass 113 2.2 46.37 4.3 18.6 Length Symphodus spp. Wrasses 101 2.0 4.09 0.4 59.4 Species Spondyliosoma cantharus Black seabream 92 1.8 12.73 1.2 10.9 Length Balistes capriscus Grey triggerfish 83 1.6 37.81 3.5 0 - Size composition… • 23% retained undersized fish 40 7% < MLS (15 cm) Lack of knowledge of the regulations 30 Disagreement with the MLS % 20 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Total length(cm) 73% < MLS (36cm) 35 30 25 20 % 15 10 5 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Total Length (cm) 6 08-11-2010 Fishing activity: Expenditures Average daily direct expenditures per angler (only for the considered items) transportation tackle 3.9 € 4.1 € 13.2 € Total estimated Expenditures 2.2 x 106 €. © FAO bait 5.3 € + 1.6 x 106 € in fishing licenses (estimated value) What’s the impact of MRF from the shore • Fishing effort: 166,430 fishing trips (705,235 angler hours ) • Total catches (retained): 147.1 tons (= 0.8% of the commercial landings). but, for white sea bream… 150 126.9 100 82.5 50 Catches (t) Catches 0 Recreational Commercial Fishing sector 7 08-11-2010 Conclusions • Economically important activity •Multispecies fishery: clearly dominated by Diplodus sargus (most targeted species) • Recreational vs Commercial fishing - Overall: recreational catches are low - White sea bream: Impact of recreational fishing is considerable peak of catches is during the spawning season of the species © FAO Final remarks: future… • periodic studies, at a National scale, of all recreational fishing activities: shore fishing, spear fishing and boat fishing. • on-site methods: catch and effort data (e.g. roving-aerial design) • off-site methods: socioeconomic information © FAO (e.g telephone surveys) • dissemination of MRF regulations (e.g. recreational fishing guides, MLS tables) e.g. RF regulations brochure from PNSACV is only available online (pdf). 8 08-11-2010 Final remarks: survey methods used Aerial surveys Roving creel surveys Fishing logbooks • appropriate when • Covers large areas anglers are dispersed • low cost • Instantaneous counts • reliability of catch and • covers large areas and periods fishing trip data • low return rates • availability/weather • incomplete trip data • angler reported data (avidity conditions • length of stay bias and memory recall bias) • very expensive • Progressive counts • highly dependent on anglers’ • visibility bias motivation Acknowledgements ... This study was supported by a PhD grant from the “Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)”: PhD grant (SFRH/BD/28723/2006) … Coastal Fisheries Research Group … All participating anglers; volunteer students; participating fishing associations; fishing tackle stores ... Dr. Robert B. Ditton and Dr. Mike Sorice, from the TAMU: Human Dimensions of Fisheries Research Lab ... Dr. Zhenming Su, from University of Michigan ... Portuguese Directorate General of Fisheries Thank you! 9.
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