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Wetland Profile and Condition Assessment of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming

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Wetland Profile and Condition Assessment of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming Wetland Profile and Condition Assessment of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming FINAL REPORT Submitted September 26, 2018 Lindsey Washkoviak, Teresa Tibbets, and George Jones Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Department 3381, Laramie, WY 82071 Cover photograph: Lindsey Washkoviak Wetland Profile and Condition Assessment of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8 1595 Wynkoop Street Denver, CO 80202 EPA Assistance ID No. CD - 96805101 Prepared by: Lindsey Washkoviak, Teresa Tibbets and George Jones Wyoming Natural Diversity Database University of Wyoming Department 3381, 1000 East University Avenue Laramie, WY 82071 This document should be cited as follows: L. Washkoviak, T. Tibbets, and G. Jones. 2018. Wetland Profile and Condition Assessment of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming. 47 pp. plus appendices. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Wyoming’s strategy for wetland assessments ....................................................................... 4 1.2 Project Background ............................................................................................................... 4 2.0 STUDY AREA ......................................................................................................................... 5 3.0 LANDSCAPE PROFILE OF THE GREAT DIVIDE BASIN ................................................. 6 3.1 Wetland Resource Description .............................................................................................. 6 3.1.1 Wetland Class ................................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2 Water Regime ................................................................................................................. 7 3.1.3 Special modifiers describing wetlands ........................................................................... 8 3.2 Land Ownership/Management .............................................................................................. 8 3.3 Land Use ............................................................................................................................... 9 4.0 WETLAND CONDITION ASSESSMENT ........................................................................... 11 4.1 Ecological Integrity Assessment Framework ...................................................................... 11 4.2 Survey Design and Evaluation of Sample Sites .................................................................. 11 4.2.1 Wetland Definitions for Target Population .................................................................. 11 4.2.2 Sample Frame and Classification................................................................................. 12 4.2.3 Sample Size and Selection Criteria for Site Evaluation ............................................... 12 4.3 Field Methods ...................................................................................................................... 14 4.3.1 Wetland Assessment Area (AA) .................................................................................... 14 4.3.2 Ecological Integrity Assessment of wetland sites ......................................................... 14 4.3.3 Landscape Hydrology Metric (LHM) ........................................................................... 15 4.3.4 Vegetation Assessment .................................................................................................. 16 4.3.5 Soils .............................................................................................................................. 16 4.3.6 Surface Water Characterization ................................................................................... 16 4.4 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 16 i 4.4.1 Data Management ........................................................................................................ 16 4.4.2 Ecological Integrity Assessment Scores ....................................................................... 16 4.4.3 Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) ............................................................................. 17 5.0 WETLAND CONDITION ASSESSMENT RESULTS ......................................................... 18 5.1 Characteristics of Sampled Wetlands .................................................................................. 18 5.1.1 Characteristics of sampled wetland subgroups ............................................................ 19 5.1.2 Challenges of Identifying Shrub Flat Wetlands ............................................................ 21 5.3 Characterization of Wetland Vegetation ............................................................................. 24 5.3.1 Species Diversity of Wetland Vegetation ...................................................................... 24 5.3.2 Floristic Quality Assessment ........................................................................................ 25 5.3.3 Plant Species of Conservation Concern ....................................................................... 26 5.4 Wildlife Observations ......................................................................................................... 27 5.5 Wetland Condition Assessment .......................................................................................... 28 5.5.1 Ecological Integrity Assessment of Sampled Wetlands ................................................ 28 5.5.2 Estimate of Wetland Condition for targeted wetlands in the GDB .............................. 30 5.5.3 Landscape Hydrology Metric ....................................................................................... 32 5.5.4 Indicators of disturbance .............................................................................................. 32 6.0 THE CHAIN LAKES WILDLIFE HABITAT MANAGEMENT AREA ............................. 33 6.1 Chain Lakes Landscape Profile ........................................................................................... 36 6.1.1 Updated Wetland Mapping ........................................................................................... 36 6.1.2 NWI Wetland Description ............................................................................................. 36 6.1.3 LLWW Classification .................................................................................................... 38 6.1.4 Wetland Functional Potential ....................................................................................... 38 6.2 Sampled Wetlands ............................................................................................................... 39 6.3 Wetland Condition .............................................................................................................. 40 6.4 Wetland Plant Data.............................................................................................................. 40 6.4.1 Species of Conservation Concern ................................................................................. 41 7.0 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................................... 42 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................. 44 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Surface area of wetlands based on NWI classifications in the GDB. ............................... 7 Table 2. Percent of wetlands with a specific hydrologic regime in the GDB. ............................... 8 Table 3. Land ownership/management of wetlands by area in the GDB .................................... 10 Table 4. Target wetland subgroups classified by Cowardin, Hydrogeomorphic (HGM), and Ecological Systems used in the Great Divide Basin. Ecological System descriptions can be found in Appendix A. .............................................................................................................................. 12 Table 5. EIA attributes and field metrics used for wetland assessments in the GDB.................. 14 Table 6. Landscape Hydrology Metric scoring criteria. .............................................................. 15 Table 7. Number of wetland sites evaluated, sampled, and rejected during the study by wetland subgroup. ....................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 8. Reasons for rejection of wetlands in the GDB during the study. .................................. 18 Table
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