The Virginia State Rail Plan
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final report The Virginia State Rail Plan: A Multimodal Strategy to Meet the Commonwealth’s Passenger and Freight Transportation Needs Through 2025 prepared by The Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation Karen J. Rae, Director of Rail and Public Transportation June 15, 2004 final report Virginia State Rail Plan prepared for Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation prepared by Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 4445 Willard Avenue, Suite 300 Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815 with Jacobs Civil, Inc. June 15, 2004 Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation Virginia State Rail Plan Table of Contents 1.0 The Context for the Virginia State Rail Plan............................................................ 1 1.1 VTrans2025 – The Vision and Framework ......................................................... 2 1.2 Vision, Goals, and Objectives of the Virginia State Rail Plan .......................... 5 1.3 The Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century.......................................... 13 1.4 Other Rail Planning Efforts and Initiatives in Virginia .................................... 14 2.0 The Demography and Economy of the Commonwealth of Virginia: Factors Impacting on Rail Needs................................................................................ 17 2.1 Current Population and Employment and Projected Growth......................... 18 2.2 Freight and Commuter Rail Demand Likely to Outpace Population Growth ................................................................................................ 24 2.3 Trends at Virginia Maritime Ports....................................................................... 26 2.4 Summary ................................................................................................................. 28 3.0 The Virginia Rail System and Public Assistance Programs.................................. 31 3.1 Historical Overview of Passenger and Freight Rail .......................................... 32 3.2 Summary of Virginia’s Freight Rail System....................................................... 37 3.3 Freight Railroads Operating in Virginia ............................................................. 49 3.4 Virginia Intermodal Freight Terminals............................................................... 55 3.5 Summary of Track Abandonments ..................................................................... 58 3.6 Summary of Virginia’s Passenger Rail System.................................................. 59 3.7 Public Assistance Programs for Freight Rail...................................................... 66 4.0 Statewide Rail Transportation Trends and Forecasts............................................. 73 4.1 Previous Studies..................................................................................................... 73 4.2 Trends and Forecasts ............................................................................................. 85 5.0 Railroad Needs in the Commonwealth of Virginia................................................ 91 5.1 The Detailed Needs for 2025................................................................................. 91 5.2 Summary by Railroad............................................................................................ 110 6.0 The 2025 Rail Plan Scenarios....................................................................................... 113 6.1 Description of the Scenarios ................................................................................. 113 6.2 Scenario 1 – Status Quo ......................................................................................... 114 6.3 Scenario 2 – Virginia Strategic Investments ....................................................... 116 6.4 Scenario 3 – Fully Integrated System .................................................................. 118 6.5 Excluded Needs...................................................................................................... 119 6.6 Prioritization Process and Ranking Matrix ........................................................ 119 Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 06/15/2004 i 7292.032 Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation Virginia State Rail Plan Table of Contents (continued) 7.0 Rail Funding Commitments & Opportunities......................................................... 123 7.1 Funding Tiers.......................................................................................................... 123 8.2 Funding Opportunities.......................................................................................... 124 8.0 Virginia Rail in the 21st Century................................................................................. 131 8.1 Virginia Freight and Passenger Rail Benefits..................................................... 131 8.2 New Technology.................................................................................................... 136 8.3 Rail Promotion and Marketing Efforts................................................................ 138 8.4 Safety........................................................................................................................ 142 8.5 Security .................................................................................................................... 144 8.6 Changing Customer Needs................................................................................... 145 8.7 The Evolving Role of the Public Sector ............................................................... 152 8.8 Intermodalism ........................................................................................................ 153 9.0 Virginia State Rail Plan Recommendations............................................................. 159 Appendix A Rail Six-Year Plan Appendix B Executive Summary of A Study of the Proposed Virginia Rail Transportation Development Authority Appendix C Stakeholder Comments ii 06/15/2004 Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 7292.032 Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation Virginia State Rail Plan List of Tables 2.1 Change in Population from 2000 to 2025 .................................................................... 19 2.2 Top 40 Employment Centers in Virginia, Ranked by Number of Jobs in 2000 ..... 23 3.1 Freight Railroads Operating in Virginia ..................................................................... 51 3.2 Summary of Railroad Miles in Virginia (2003)........................................................... 55 3.3 Intermodal Terminals in Virginia ................................................................................ 57 3.4 Rail Line Abandonments Since 1992............................................................................ 58 3.5 Existing Amtrak Operations in Virginia ..................................................................... 62 3.6 Rail Preservation Assistance Program Summary ...................................................... 67 3.7 Railroad Industrial Access Program Summary.......................................................... 68 3.8 Section 130 Grade Crossing Improvement Costs with Matching Funding Sources .. 71 4.1 Virginia Choke Points as Identified in MAROps....................................................... 76 4.2 Heartland Corridor Double-Stack Initiative Estimated Project Benefits ................ 78 4.3 Freight Shipments To, From, and Within Virginia.................................................... 82 4.4 Freight Shipments To, From, and Within Virginia Based on Share ........................ 83 4.5 Projected Commonwealth of Virginia Population Growth...................................... 85 4.6 Projected Annual Percentage and Cumulative VMT Growth ................................. 86 4.7 Forecasts of Tons by Mode from 1998 to 2025 for Freight Originating and Terminating in Virginia ................................................................................................. 88 4.8 Forecasts of Rail Tons to 2025 for Freight Originating in, Terminating in, and Passing Through Virginia.............................................................................................. 89 5.1 Virginia Statewide Rail Needs...................................................................................... 93 5.2 I-81 Projected Costs ........................................................................................................ 103 Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 06/15/2004 iii Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation Virginia State Rail Plan List of Tables (continued) 5.3 MAROps Projected Costs .............................................................................................. 105 5.4 Summary of Needs by Railroad and Type.................................................................. 111 6.1 Overview of Scenario Descriptions.............................................................................. 113 6.2 Scenario 1 – Status Quo ................................................................................................. 114 6.3 Scenario 2 – Virginia Strategic Investments................................................................ 116 6.4 Scenario 3 – Fully Integrated System........................................................................... 118 6.5 Potential Prioritization Criteria for Rail Projects ....................................................... 121 7.1 Funding Commitment Tiers.........................................................................................