A Metro Station in Nacka

Thesis Booklet, Spring Semester 2013, Veronica Skeppe, Performative Design Studio, KTH School of Architecture Content

Summery 3

Thesis / Design Questions 4

Design Techniques 5

Definitions 6

Site, Nacka Municipality 9

Why a Metro to Nacka? 10

Three Metro Stations in Nacka 11

Site for an End Metro Station and Bus Terminal in Nacka Forum, Nacka 12

Program 13

References 14

Literature 15

Schedule 16 Summery

My thesis project intends to investigate the relationship of pattern and geometry. Through a series of design technique studies, a metro station in the Stockholm suburb Nacka will be developed. Thesis / Design Questions

Thesis / Design Questions

My thesis takes its departure in the relationship between pattern and geometry. I intend to investigate continuous and discontinuous patterns and how they correlate and don’t correlate to the geometry of a continuous surface modeled in a 3d software.

Numerous of designs and models have investigated the relation between patterns and continuous surfaces in contoured models milled in a cnc-mill. One example is the models of Bernard Cache, who in the 1980s was a pio- neer in cnc-milling. A more recent example is Hella Jongerius Turtle Table (Natura Design Magistra) from 2009, in which she also use contoured layers of colored resin.

In both examples, patterns is a result of sheets of wood (and resin, in Jongerius Turtle Table) stacked and glued together and then subtracted by a cnc-mill after a digital surface model. Pattern is a direct effect of geometry. Pattern describe the topography of the surface geometry. Cover of “Earth Moves”, Bernard Cache, 1995

In my thesis project I want to propose an update to these contour designs. I want to break the continuity of pattern and surface geometry. Can geometry start to follow pattern instead? Can geometry and pattern start to do two separate things, follow their own logic and sometimes meet and sometimes not?

Turtle Table (Natura Design Magistra), 2009, Hella Jongerius Design Techniques

To investigate the relationship between pattern and surface geometry I will make my own stocks and cnc-mill them. By making interrupting implants into a wooden stock, the pattern continuity will be stopped. This can be developed into a complex three dimensional stock of nesting disparate forms, figures and objects. A 3d modeled surface will relate to these implants in conscious match and mismatch.

It is a digging design technique, related to Noriko Ambes art work in which she is often “digging” in to magazines and books creating the unexpected from what is found underneath. The top layer picture gets diffused and altered.

It is also an additive technique, in the stacking and implanting. In the meeting of this adding and subtracting techniques I hope both expected and unexpected meetings and blendings of geometry and patterns to occur.

Diagram of implants into a “traditional” stacked stock. Noriko Ambes, A Thousand of Self, 2007 Definitions

Implant verb (used with object) to plant securely. Medicine/Medical . to insert or graft (a tissue, organ, or inert substance) into the body. noun Medicine/Medical . An “implant” where . any device or material, especially of an inert substance, used for repairing or the geometry of the replacing part of the body. “milled” surface correlate. The pattern of the red surface Through the use of the design technique “implant” the relationship to the continuous over and ground will be the main design focus. Figures holding different kind of smoothen the bor- programs and functions will be embedded and nested into the ground and der of the “implant” each other. The implants will have different relationships to the ground and the surface depending on program requirements. The metro station will for example compound. be mostly underground, but it will be entered from above the ground. The implant or a series of implants will have to deal with that transition. The underground parts of the program will also need some light and it would be preferable with natural day light. Implants can be subtracted and then be a technique for transporting light.

The implants have to relate to the inherent linearity of a metro station.

An “implant” and the surface compound do not correlate. The “implant” interrupt pattern continuity. Pattern Geometry A pattern, from the French patron (‘template’), is a type of theme of recurring Geometry (Ancient Greek: γεωμετρία; geo- “earth”, -metron “measurement”) is a events or objects, sometimes referred to as elements of a set of objects. branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size, relative posi- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern tion of figures, and the properties of space http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry What interests me in pattern is the relationship between figure and field. One or a couple of figures repeated into a unrecognizable or almost un- With geometry I first o all define as the surface designed in the computer. recognizable pattern of dark and light as in the M.C. Escher example. In The surface is then milled out and becomes a physical model. the same example you can see how a recognizable figure transform and smoothens out to abstraction. In the Homa Delvaray example I like how pattern are enclosed in a thick contour line but yet in certain places leave the enclosure and start to blend with the other fields. Figural elements, as the fly, also act as a bridge or a blender between the fields. Contour In my project two dimensional patterns will relate to three dimensional fig- an outline or silhouette ures. Patterns will both be two dimensional and three dimensional. Patterns a contour line on a contour map, or the corresponding line on the ground or sea will not be a result of repetition but rather by implants of figures and how bed these figures are digged out by the mill. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contour

Contour lines describe the geometry of a surface.

Eight Heads, woodcut, April 1922, M.C. Painting Exhibition of Ali Mohammadi, Escher 2008, Homa Delvaray, croped Compound Surface Compound from earlier compounen, from Old French compondre to collect, set in order, from Latin compōnere ]

— n 1. a substance that contains atoms of two or more chemical elements held together by chemical bonds 2. any combination of two or more parts, aspects, etc http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/compound?s=t

A compound surface is a continuous surface which is unifying a number of diverse geometries, for example normative planar elements and double curved surfaces into a whole. In architecture the compound is relevant as a way of making complex formal relations which are not the deconstructive collage or the parametric smooth surface.

In my project I intend to investigate the compound in relation to the pattern that will occur on a peace of glue laminated wood, designed with a Vase of Vases, 2008, Maxim Velčovský series of implants.

planar elements Musée des Arts et des Civilisations-Musée du Quai Branly, France, 1999, Peter Eisenman Site, Nacka Municipality

Nacka is a suburb located to the east of Stockholm. It reaches from the city center borders of Stockholm out towards the archipelago and the neighboring municipal Värmdö. Nacka is almost 100 sqm and a little more than 92 000 people lives in Nacka. The number of inhabitants is steadily increas- ing.

Nacka consists of many different neighborhoods of apartment buildings from the Swedish record years, new apartment buildings, villas, terraced houses and parmanented summer houses. The nature, many lakes and the sea are present in Nacka. Nacka has many Nature Reserves such as Nackare- sarvatet and Nyckelviken.

The main communication flow in Nacka has a east-west direction, to and from Stockholm. It consists of a motorway through Nacka to Värmdö. It branches in central Nacka with an arm to Saltsjöbaden. The main public transport are busses to and from Slussen in Stockholm. A commuter railway from 1893 traffic between Slussen and Saltsjöbaden. 2002 the tram from Alvik, west of Stockholm, started to go to Sickla Udde, in west Nacka. There are developed plans to connect the tram line with Saltsjöbanan to relief Slussen. Why a Metro to Nacka?

A metro to Nacka has been an on and off debate for decades. In march 2012 the political majorities in Stockholm, Nacka and Värmdö agreed that a continuation of the blue line from Kungsträdgården towards the east and Nacka was priority to get a well functioned and efficient public transport system in the region. The pressure on the public transport in Nacka is today large and will increase. A feasibility study was initiated and is to be finished in the end of 2013.

In a conversation with Marianne Möller at Nacka kommun I learned that the cheapest and therefore the most likely alternative for a metro line in Nacka is that the tracks are located in an exploded tunnel under Alphyddan and Finntorp toward the end station Nacka Forum. Three stations are likely in Nacka. One in relation to Sickla and the large shopping area Sickla köp- kvarter, perhaps also close to the housing area Fintorp. One around Saltsjö Järla and the housing area there as well as the large High school Nacka Gymnasium. The end station is as mentioned planned to Nacka Forum, which in many ways act as the center of Nacka. A bus terminal and garage, for buses within Nacka and towards Värmdö is planned in relation to the metro station. Three Metro Stations in Nacka

Nacka Forum

Saltsjö-Järla

Sickla

Sickla Saltsjö-Järla Nacka Forum

Large commercial area. Sickla Housing area from different years. Nacka is a large Municipal with many different areas and local centers. But if Köpkvarter, with apartment build- The houses at Ekudden is from the one had to point out the center of Nacka it would be the Nacka Forum area. ings in Alphyddan and Sickla is 1960’s. The neighboring Järla-Sjö Nacka Forum is a shopping center from 1989. It is situated between Värm- surrounding. Also a cinema and a is from late 1990’s. A large High dövägen and the motorway towards Värmdö. Close to the east of Nacka Fo- library exists. Nacka Municipal plans school, Nacka Gymnasium, with rum is an apartment building area from the 1990s and some newer houses to transform the area to a “inner sport facilities and a public bath, is from the 2010s. The villa area Storängen is to the south. Toward the north city” like environment. Housing and located north of the excising station across the motorway and through a tunnel is Nacka Strand and Jarlaberg. commerce mixed. The Metro line is a of Saltsjöbanan, Saltsjö-Järla. The City Hall of Nacka is located a few hundred meter west of Nacka Forum. part of that transformation. The Municipal wants to locate the end station of the metro line in this area. The aim is also to connect Nacka Strand with the Nacka Forum area, perhaps by covering the motorway.

In relation to the station a bus terminal for the Nacka and Värmdö buses is planed. Housing and densification in terms of housing and commercial is also something the municipal wants. Site for an End Metro Station and Bus Terminal in Nacka Forum, Nacka

Nacka District Court

Nacka Police Station Jarlaberg, Housing and area

Nacka Strand, Housing and Nacka Forum Shopping Centre commercial area

Motorway between Stockholm Nacka Forum, Housing Area and Värmdö

Nacka City Hall Storängen, Housing Area Metro Station and Bus Terminal in Nacka Forum Program and its relation to the ground

Metro Station Metro Station: platforms under ground, entrances above ground A metro line from Kungsträdgården will connect with Nacka with Stock- Bus Terminal: above and under ground holm city center and its northern suburbs. SL center: partly above ground Facilities for employees: above ground Bus Terminal Offices: above ground For buses trafficing Nacka and Värmdö. Kiosk: above and under ground Café: above ground SL center Restaurant: above ground Larger ticket office and information center. Shops: above ground Gallery Space: under ground Facilities for employees A branch of the Nacka Library: above ground Break rooms, changing rooms, etc. The Youth Center: above ground A public plaza and or park area Public Plaza / Park Waiting Halls: above and under ground The Metro Station and Bus Terminal of Nacka Forum will be part of a more defined center of Nacka. Nacka has a need of outdoor public spaces. A meeting place not defined by commercial interests as in a galleria space.

Gallery Space Stockholm has a tradition of art in the metro stations. Every station in the Stockholm metro system has art more or less integrated in the station architecture. The nacka Forum station will have “art pockets” like Odenplan station in Stockholm, for permanent and non permanent exhibitions.

Library Many Stockholm metro stations has a library, like Östermalmstorg and Bredäng for example. This will be a branch of the existing library in Nacka Forum.

Youth Center A youth center exist on site today and will be relocated within the station area “Sensationen”, Thale Vangen, 2011, exhibition space, Odenplan References Stations in Stockholm with both metro and buses are for exampel Liljeholmen and Gullmarsplan.

Mayakovskaya, 1938, Moscow

Bilbao Metro, Spain, Foster + Partners, Stuttgart Train Station, Christoph Ingen- 1988-1995 hoven

Komsomolskaya, 1935, Moscow

City Hall Station, New York, closed since 1945

Slough Bus Station, Slough, bblur architec- U-Bahnhof St.-Quirin-Platz , München, Embryologic House, 1998, Greg Lynn ture, 2012 1997, Büro Hermann + Öttl Literature

Earth Moves The Furnishing of Territories, Bernard Cache, 1995 Metro 2033: Den sista tillflykten, Dmitrij Gluchovskij, 2005 Metro 2034: försvaret av Sevastopolskaja, Dmitrij Gluchovskij, 2009, på sv 2011 Lessons from Molecular Gastronomy, David Ruy Atlas of Novel Tectonics, Reiser + Umemoto, Princeton Architectural Press Folding in Architecture, Architectural Design, 2004, Greg Lynn

Source: Nacka kommuns homepage: www.nacka.se/web/trafik_vagar/trafikprojekt/tunnelbana/Sidor/ default.aspx

Stockholm Public Transport: sl.se/sv/Om-SL/SL-planerar-och-bygger/Tunnelbana-till-Nacka/ Forstudien/ Thesis Project, Spring Semester 2013 JANUARY S 17 S 24 M 29 JUNE M 7 PROJECT START T 30 S 1 T 8 Design Technique Studies M 18 Program, Site and Massing M 25 S 2 W 9 scale 1:1 T 10 T 19 scale 1:400 and 1:200 T 26 MAY F 11 W 20 W 27 W 1 M 3 S 12 T 21 T 28 T 2 T 4 S 13 F 22 F 29 F 3 W 5 S 23 S 30 S 4 T 6 M 14 Design Technique Studies T 15 S 24 S 31 S 5 F 7 W 16 S 8 T 17 M 25 Program, Site and Massing APRIL M 6 S 9 F 18 T 26 scale 1:400 and 1:200 M 1 T 7 S 19 W 27 T 2 W 8 M 10 S 20 T 28 W 3 T 9 T 11 M 21 Design Technique Studies T 4 F 10 W 12 T 22 MARCH F 5 S 11 T 13 W 23 F 1 Detailed Study/Parti S 6 S 12 F 14 T 24 S 2 scale 1:50 S 7 S 15 F 25 S 26 S 3 M 13 S 16 S 27 M 8 T 14 M 4 T 9 W 15 M 20 M 28 Program, Site and Massing T 5 W 10 T 16 T 21 T 29 scale 1:400 and 1:200 W 6 T 11 F 17 W 22 W 30 T 31 T 7 F 12 S 18 T 23 F 8 S 13 S 19 F 24 FEBRUARY S 9 S 14 S 25 F 1 Program, Site and Massing S 10 M 20 S 26 S 2 scale 1:400 and 1:200 M 15 T 21 S 3 M 11 MID REVIEW (???) T 16 W 22 M 4 Program, Site and Massing T 12 Detailed Study/Parti W 17 T 23 T 5 scale 1:400 and 1:200 W 13 scale 1:50 T 18 F 24 PROJECT END ?? W 6 T 14 F 19 S 25 T 7 F 15 S 20 S 26 F 8 S 9 S 16 S 21 S 10 S 17 M 27 M 22 T 28 M 11 Program, Site and Massing M 18 T 23 W 29 T 12 scale 1:400 and 1:200 T 19 W 24 T 30 W 13 W 20 T 25 F 31 T 14 T 21 F 26 F 15 F 22 S 27 S 16 S 23 S 28