Numbered Luftwaffe Formations and Assigned Units 1939-1945
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How the Luftwaffe Lost the Battle of Britain British Courage and Capability Might Not Have Been Enough to Win; German Mistakes Were Also Key
How the Luftwaffe Lost the Battle of Britain British courage and capability might not have been enough to win; German mistakes were also key. By John T. Correll n July 1940, the situation looked “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall can do more than delay the result.” Gen. dire for Great Britain. It had taken fight on the landing grounds, we shall Maxime Weygand, commander in chief Germany less than two months to fight in the fields and in the streets, we of French military forces until France’s invade and conquer most of Western shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, predicted, “In three weeks, IEurope. The fast-moving German Army, surrender.” England will have her neck wrung like supported by panzers and Stuka dive Not everyone agreed with Churchill. a chicken.” bombers, overwhelmed the Netherlands Appeasement and defeatism were rife in Thus it was that the events of July 10 and Belgium in a matter of days. France, the British Foreign Office. The Foreign through Oct. 31—known to history as the which had 114 divisions and outnumbered Secretary, Lord Halifax, believed that Battle of Britain—came as a surprise to the Germany in tanks and artillery, held out a Britain had lost already. To Churchill’s prophets of doom. Britain won. The RAF little longer but surrendered on June 22. fury, the undersecretary of state for for- proved to be a better combat force than Britain was fortunate to have extracted its eign affairs, Richard A. “Rab” Butler, told the Luftwaffe in almost every respect. -
Kungl Örlogsmanna Sällskapet
KUNGL ÖRLOGSMANNA SÄLLSKAPET N:r 1 1973 TIDSKRIFT I SJÖVÅSENDET FöRSTA UTGIVNINGSAR 1836 KUNGL öRLOGSMANNASÄLLSKAPET KARLSKRONA POSTGIRO 12517-3 Huvud-Redaktör och ansvarig utgivare: överstelöjtnant J. O L SEN, 371 00 Karlskrona, telefon 0455/122 50. Redaktör: Kommendörkapten B. O D I N, Rigagatan 6, 115 27 Stockholm ö, telefon 08/60 32 25. Annonsombud: Redaktör R. B L O M, Fack 126 06 Hägersten 6, telefon 08/97 68 84. Tidskrift i Sjöväsendet utkommer med ett häfte i månaden. Prenumerations pris fr. o. m. 1.1.1968 25 kronor per år, i utlandet 30 kronor. Prenumeration sker enklast genom att avgiften insättes på postgirokonto 125 17-3. Inbetalningskort utsändes med januarihäftet. Förfrågningar angående kostnader m m för annonsering ställas direkt till huvudredaktören. Införda artiklar, recensioner o dyl honoreras med 12-25 kronor per sida. För införd artikel, som av KöS anses särskilt förtjänt kan författare belönas med sällskapets medalj och/eller prispenning. Bestämmelser för Kungl. örlogsmannasällskapets tävlingsskrifter återfinnas årligen i alla häften med udda månadsn:r. TIDSKRIFT SJOVÄSENDET 136 årgången 1 och 2 häftet INNEHÅLL Sid Meddelande från Kungl. Örlogsmannasällskapet nr 6/1972 l Meddelande från Kungl. örlogsmannasällskapet nr 7/1972 3 Tyskt-italienskt gästspel på Ladoga 1942 5 Av civilekonom P. O. EKMAN Projektering av övervattensfartyg ................................... 47 Av marindirektör P. G. BöLIN "Den ryska klockan" ............................................. 69 Av professor JACOB SUNDBERG Marin eldledning S ~~gkraft e n h ~s v~~ · a . rnarinn e nhe ter beror i e ldl edningssyste~1 utvecklats. som visa i sig nå goda totalprestanda o-.: h hög funktions- Notiser från när och fjärran 97 bog grad på effektiviteten hos deras vapen- k?nkurr.e nskrafuga även utomlands. -
List of Some of the Officers ~~10 Fall Within the Definition of the German
-------;-:-~---,-..;-..............- ........- List of s ome of t he officers ~~10 fall within t he de finition of t he German St af f . in Appendix B· of t he I n cii c tment . 1 . Kei t e l - J odl- Aar l imont 2 . Br auchi t s ch - Halder - Zei t zl er 3. riaeder - Doeni t z - Fr i cke - Schni ewi nd - Mei s el 4. Goer i ng - fu i l ch 5. Kes s el r i ng ~ von Vi et i nghof f - Loehr - von ~e i c h s rtun c1 s t ec t ,.. l.io d eL 6. Bal ck - St ude nt - Bl a skowi t z - Gud er i an - Bock Kuchl er - Pa ul us - Li s t - von Manns t ei n - Leeb - von Kl e i ~ t Schoer ner - Fr i es sner - Rendul i c - Haus s er 7. Pf l ug bei l - Sper r l e - St umpf - Ri cht hof en - Sei a emann Fi ebi £; - Eol l e - f)chmi dt , E .- Des s l och - .Christiansen 8 . Von Arni m - Le ck e ris en - :"emelsen - l.~ a n t e u f f e l - Se pp . J i et i i ch - 1 ber ba ch - von Schweppenburg - Di e t l - von Zang en t'al kenhol's t rr hi s' list , c ompiled a way f r om books and a t. shor t notice, is c ertai nly not a complete one . It may also include one or t .wo neop .le who have ai ed or who do not q ual ify on other gr ounds . -
The Third Winter
GAME SPECIFIC RULES The Third Winter ©2021 Multi-Man Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Updated 12 August 2021 late September 1943. By the campaign’s converted to Soviet gauge (ignore units Game Design: Antony Birkett end in late April 1944, four Axis armies being supplied by a Kessel HQ.) Development: Chip Saltsman will have faced four Soviet fronts in a titanic struggle. Several scenarios Design Note: By this point in the Series Design: Dean Essig supplement the main campaign, as the war, the Soviets had immense logistical Research Help: Stéphane Acquaviva, German army fights its “Third Winter” in activities that are not represented by units. Carl Fung, Hans Kishel, Roland LeBlanc Russia. 1.2a Off-Map Rail. Either player can use Mapping Research & Playtest their Rail Capacity to rail cargo off and Graphics: Hans Kishel back on any of their map-edges (as long as Graphics: Curtis Baer, Dean Essig the cargo does not cross the Black Sea). 1.0 General Special The only hexes that can be used for this Playtesting Honcho: Marcus Randall Rules purpose are those capable of normal rail Playtesting and Proofreading: Perry movement for that player. No ground unit Andrus, Stéphane Acquaviva, Curtis Baer, can ever end its movement off map. Daniel Broh-Kahn, Dave Barsness, Allen 1.1 Map & Terrain 1.2b Extra Detrainable Hexes. Point of Beach, John Bowen, Art Brochet, Eric Interest hexes on the map are detrainable. Brosius, Thomas Buettner, Malcolm There are four maps labeled A through D. Cameron, Stephen Campbell, Jeff Coyle, Hexes are identified by a map letter and Houndog Cross, Paolo De Francesco, number, e.g., hex B60.10 is a Kharkov city 1.3 Rumania Air Box Myk Deans, Mark Fazakarley, Mark hex. -
Messerschmitt Bf 109 E–F Series
MESSERSCHMITT Bf 109 E–F SERIES ROBERT JACKSON 19/06/2015 12:23 Key MESSERSCHMITT Bf 109E-3 1. Three-blade VDM variable pitch propeller G 2. Daimler-Benz DB 601 engine, 12-cylinder inverted-Vee, 1,150hp 3. Exhaust 4. Engine mounting frame 5. Outwards-retracting main undercarriage ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND ILLUSTRATOR 6. Two 20mm cannon, one in each wing 7. Automatic leading edge slats ROBERT JACKSON is a full-time writer and lecturer, mainly on 8. Wing structure: All metal, single main spar, stressed skin covering aerospace and defense issues, and was the defense correspondent 9. Split flaps for North of England Newspapers. He is the author of more than 10. All-metal strut-braced tail unit 60 books on aviation and military subjects, including operational 11. All-metal monocoque fuselage histories on famous aircraft such as the Mustang, Spitfire and 12. Radio mast Canberra. A former pilot and navigation instructor, he was a 13. 8mm pilot armour plating squadron leader in the RAF Volunteer Reserve. 14. Cockpit canopy hinged to open to starboard 11 15. Staggered pair of 7.92mm MG17 machine guns firing through 12 propeller ADAM TOOBY is an internationally renowned digital aviation artist and illustrator. His work can be found in publications worldwide and as box art for model aircraft kits. He also runs a successful 14 13 illustration studio and aviation prints business 15 10 1 9 8 4 2 3 6 7 5 AVG_23 Inner.v2.indd 1 22/06/2015 09:47 AIR VANGUARD 23 MESSERSCHMITT Bf 109 E–F SERIES ROBERT JACKSON AVG_23_Messerschmitt_Bf_109.layout.v11.indd 1 23/06/2015 09:54 This electronic edition published 2015 by Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain in 2015 by Osprey Publishing, PO Box 883, Oxford, OX1 9PL, UK PO Box 3985, New York, NY 10185-3985, USA E-mail: [email protected] Osprey Publishing, part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc © 2015 Osprey Publishing Ltd. -
German Zepplin and Air Attacks, 1917
German Zepplin and Air Attacks 1916 Date Month/Day Target Attacking Units 1/17 Dünaburg Fliegerabtielung 4 1/22 Kischinev LZ 97 1/30 Petersburg LZ 98 2/16 Boulogne LZ 107 2/25 Tassi (Rumania) LZ 101 2/27 Dundular (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 3/1 Dundular (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 3/12 Vertekop (Salonika Kampfgeschwader 1 Railroad Station) 3/20 Monastir Kampfgeschwader 1 (Macedonia) 3/20 Murdos LZ 101 (Macedonia) 3/30 Monastir Kampfgeschwader 1 (Macedonia) 3/31 Brod (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/1 Etsisu & Soroviceva Kampfgeschwader 1 (Macedonia) 4/3 Vertekop RR Station Kampfgeschwader 1 (Macedonia) 4/4 Tecuciu (Rumania) Fliegerabtielung 36, 41 & 42 4/5 Karasuli (Rumania) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/8 Janes (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/10 Leikovo (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/22-23 Between Vardar & Kampfgeschwader 1 Dorian Sea (Macedonia) 4/24 Dobroveni Kampfgeschwader 1 (Macedonia) 4/24 Murdos (Macedonia) LZ 101 4/25 Valona (Macedonia) LZ 97 4/25 Kalinova (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/28 Kilindir (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/29 Skocivir (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 4/30 Bodena (Macedonia) Kampfgeschwader 1 5/7 Tecuciu & Ciuslea Fliegerabtielung 41 & 42 (Rumania) 6/18 Dünaburg Fliegerabtielung 4 7/7 London Kampfgeschwader 3 7/13 London (?) Kampfgeschwader 3 7/22 Harwick Kampfgeschwader 3 7/27 Paris Kampfgeschwader 4 7/28 Paris Kampfgeschwader 4 7/29 Paris Kampfgeschwader 4 8/12 Southend & Margate Kampfgeschwader 3 8/18 English Coast Kampfgeschwader 3 1 8/22 Ramsgate, Margate & Kampfgeschwader 3 Dover 8/23 Dunkirk & St. Omer Kampfgeschwader -
Heinkel He 111: the Spade
© 2008 Magnus Kimura [email protected] Heinkel He 111: The Spade The German Heinkel He 111 Twin-Engine Bomber variant for B-17: Queen of the Skies by MAGNUS KIMURA PLAY TEST VERSION 3-4 22 MAY 2008 25 JULY 2008 25 SEPTEMBER 2010 11 SEPTEMBER 2011 21 NOVEMBER 2012 B-17: Queen of the Skies needed to play Heineken He 111: The Spade CONTENTS He 111 Starting Model ……………………….………….……p. 2 ___Tour of Duty ___Starting Model, Replacement Model ___ He 111P-1 ~ H-3 ___ Explanation of the Crew Positions Your First Assignment ………………………..………….……p. 3 ___Kampfgeschwader 1, 4, 27, 53, 55 Intelligence about the Geschwader and Luftwaffe Ranks ….…p. 4 The First Mission ………………………………………………p. 7 ___Staffelkeil formation ___Take-Off, To and from the Target ___Gazetteer and RAF Defense Areas ___Table B-1, B-2 and B-3 ___Mechanical Failures ___In the Target Zone B-17 Tables in He 111 ….……………………………………….p. 14 Barrage Balloons ……………………………………………….p. 15 He 111 Cable Cutters ……………….….………………………p. 16 Evasive Action …………………………….…………………….p. 17 Night Missions …………………………..………………………p. 18 Low-Level Missions ……………………..………………………p. 23 Mining Missions ………………………..….……………………..p. 24 Reconnaissance Missions ……….………………………………..p. 24 Burst Inside Plane ………………………………………………..p. 25 Flying on One Engine ………..………..…………………………..P. 25 Out of Formation ………………..…..……………………………p. 25 Passing Shots Exchange …………………………………………..p. 25 Oxygen ……………………………………………………………..p. 26 Greenhouse Plexiglas ………………………………..……………p. 27 Dive Bombing ……………………………..………………………p. 27 Fighter Types ………………………………………….………….p. 27 ___Defiant ………..………….p. 27 ___Gladiator ………………….p. 28 ___Fulmar ……………………p. 28 ___Hurricane …………………p.29 ___Spitfire ……………………p. 30 ___Blenheim …………………p. 31 ___ New Weapon in He 111 …p. 31 ___Beaufighter ………………p. 32 Special Squadrons …………………………………………….p. 33 ___19 Squadron * 1st Spitfire Squadron * Will use Spitfire MK 1b ___303 Squadron * Polish Squadron * Fierce Fighters ___401 Squadron * Canadian Squadron * Green Squadron 1 He 111 Starting Model You will begin your campaign with a He 111 P-1. -
Glantz Vol III Book 1 LATEST.Indd
© University Press of Kansas. All rights reserved. Reproduction and distribution prohibited without permission of the Press. Contents List of Maps, Tables, and Illustrations ix Preface xv Selected Abbreviations xxi Part I. Soviet Strategic Planning 1. Framework for Disaster 3 Frustration 3 The Wehrmacht in November 1942 8 German Field Commanders 11 The Red Army in November 1942 12 Soviet Field Commanders 15 2. Soviet Strategic Planning: The Genesis of Plan Uranus 20 Who Formulated Plan Uranus? The Historical Debate 20 Competing Offensive Concepts 23 Triumph of the “Different Solution,” 1–13 October 31 Plan Uranus Takes Shape, 14–31 October 38 Final Preparations, 1–18 November 41 Reflections 50 3. Gathering the Troops: Soviet Order of Battle and the Uranus Plan 55 Regrouping Forces for the Counteroffensive 55 Soviet Order of Battle 58 The Uranus Plan 79 Front and Army Plans 93 4. The Balance of Opposing Forces on 18 November 127 Soviet Forces 127 Axis Forces and Defenses 131 The Correlation of Opposing Forces 165 Part II. The Uranus Counteroffensive 5. The Penetration Battle, 19–20 November 185 Preliminaries 185 © University Press of Kansas. All rights reserved. Reproduction and distribution prohibited without permission of the Press. viii Contents The Southwestern and Don Fronts’ Offensive, 19–20 November 192 The Stalingrad Front’s Offensive, 20 November 248 6. The Encirclement Closes, 21–23 November 268 German Dilemmas on 21 November 268 The Southwestern and Don Fronts’ Offensive, 21 November 271 The Stalingrad Front’s Offensive, 21 November 288 The Southwestern and Don Fronts’ Offensive, 22 November 299 The Stalingrad Front’s Offensive, 22 November 323 The Southwestern and Don Fronts’ Offensive, 23 November 337 The Stalingrad Front’s Offensive, 23 November 358 The Situation Late on 23 November 369 German Dilemmas on 23 November 371 7. -
Overlord - 1944
Overlord - 1944 Bracknell Paper No 5 A Symposium on the Normandy Landings 25 March 1994 Sponsored jointly by the Royal Air Force Historical Society and the Royal Air Force Staff College, Bracknell ii OVERLORD – 1944 Copyright ©1995 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society First Published in the UK in 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the permission from the Publisher in writing. ISBN 0 9519824 3 5 Typesetting and origination by Alan Sutton Publishing Ltd Printed in Great Britain by Hartnolls, Bodmin, Cornwall. Royal Air Force Historical Society OVERLORD – 1944 iii Contents Frontispiece Preface 1. Welcome by the Commandant, Air Vice-Marshal M P Donaldson 2. Introductory Remarks by the Chairman, Air Chief Marshal Sir Michael Armitage 3. Overlord – The Broad Context: John Terraine 4. The Higher Command Structures and Commanders: Field Marshal the Lord Bramall 5. Air Preparations: Air Marshal Sir Denis Crowley-Milling 6. Planning the Operation: Lt General Sir Napier Crookenden and Air Marshal Sir Denis Crowley-Milling 7. The Luftwaffe Role – Situation and Response: Dr Horst Boog 8. The Overlord Campaign: Lt General Crookenden and Air Marshal Crowley-Milling 9. Digest of the Group Discussions 10. Chairman’s Closing Remarks 11. Biographical Notes on Main Speakers The Royal Air Force Historical Society iv OVERLORD – 1944 OVERLORD – 1944 v Preface The fifth in the World War Two series of Bracknell Symposia, Overlord – 1944, was held at the RAF Staff College on March 25th. -
© Osprey Publishing • © Osprey Publishing • HITLER’S EAGLES
www.ospreypublishing.com © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com HITLER’S EAGLES THE LUFTWAFFE 1933–45 Chris McNab © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS Introduction 6 The Rise and Fall of the Luftwaffe 10 Luftwaffe – Organization and Manpower 56 Bombers – Strategic Reach 120 Fighters – Sky Warriors 174 Ground Attack – Strike from Above 238 Sea Eagles – Maritime Operations 292 Ground Forces – Eagles on the Land 340 Conclusion 382 Further Reading 387 Index 390 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com INTRODUCTION A force of Heinkel He 111s near their target over England during the summer of 1940. Once deprived of their Bf 109 escorts, the German bombers were acutely vulnerable to the predations of British Spitfires and Hurricanes. © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com he story of the German Luftwaffe (Air Force) has been an abiding focus of military Thistorians since the end of World War II in 1945. It is not difficult to see why. Like many aspects of the German war machine, the Luftwaffe was a crowning achievement of the German rearmament programme. During the 1920s and early 1930s, the air force was a shadowy organization, operating furtively under the tight restrictions on military development imposed by the Versailles Treaty. Yet through foreign-based aircraft design agencies, civilian air transport and nationalistic gliding clubs, the seeds of a future air force were nevertheless kept alive and growing in Hitler’s new Germany, and would eventually emerge in the formation of the Luftwaffe itself in 1935. The nascent Luftwaffe thereafter grew rapidly, its ranks of both men and aircraft swelling under the ambition of its commander-in-chief, Hermann Göring. -
Organization of the Funk Horch Dienst
Organization of the Funk Horch Dienst Mid 1940 Luftflotte 2 Luftflotte 3 Luftflotte 5 Ln-Rgt 2 Ln.-Rgt 3 Ln.-Rgt. 5 Brussels Paris Oslo III./Ln.-Rgt 2 III./Ln.-Rgt 3 III./Ln.-Rgt. 5 W-Leit 2 W-Leit 3 W-Leit 5 Brussels Paris Oslo W-12 W-13 Brussels, Schepdael Oberhaching-Deisenhofen Wo-112 W-23 Pewsum Brest, Keremma W-22 W-33 Husum-Mildstedt Mainz-Ginsheim Abgesetzter Trupp Wo-133 Wissant Paris 10./Ln-Rgt 2 9./Ln-Rgt. 3 Den Haag, Overvoorde Deauville-Callenville 10./Ln-Rgt 4 Brussels 10./Ln-Rgt. 3 St. Malo 9./Ln-Rgt. Ob.d.L. Deauville-Callenville Organization of the Funk Horch Dienst Mid 1941 Luftflotte 3 Luftflotte 5 Ln.-Rgt 3 Ln.-Rgt. 5 Paris Oslo III./Ln.-Rgt 3 W-Leit 3 III./Ln.-Rgt. 5 Bougival - La Celle St. Cloud W-Leit 5 Oslo 8./Ln.-Rgt 3 (CASTOR) W-12 Urville-Nacqueville W-22 Brussels, Schepdael (Meldekopf Birk) Husum-Mildstedt Wo-112 9./Ln-Rgt. 3 8./Ln.-Rgt. 5 Pewsum Deauville-Callenville Halden W-23 10./Ln-Rgt. 3 9./Ln.-Rgt. 5 Brest, Keremma St. Malo Stavanger-Naerland W-33 9./Ln-Rgt 2 10./Ln.-Rgt. 5 Bougival - La Celle St. Cloud Den Haag, Overvoorde Petsamo Wo-133 Abgesetzter Trupp Paris Wissant Organization of the Funk Horch Dienst Mid 1942 Luftflotte 3 Luftflotte 5 Ln.-Rgt. 5 Ln.-Funkhorch-Rgt. West Oslo Paris I./Ln.-Funkhorch-Rgt. Westt II./ Ln.-Funkhorch-Rgt. West III./ Ln.-Funkhorch-Rgt. West III./Ln.-Rgt. -
Dive Bomber and Ground Attack Units of the Luftwaffe 1933-45: V. 2 Free
FREE DIVE BOMBER AND GROUND ATTACK UNITS OF THE LUFTWAFFE 1933-45: V. 2 PDF Henry L. de Zeng IV,Douglas G. Stankey | 192 pages | 30 Jun 2013 | Crecy Publishing | 9781906537098 | English | Manchester, United Kingdom BN No Results Page | Barnes & Noble® This close-support Stuka unit fought principally in the southern sector of the Eastern Front in places like Stalingrad and the Caucasus. The early two Schlachtgeschwader 1 and 2 were abbreviated SchlG, the reformed Stukageschwader in were abbreviated SG. Schlachtgeschwader 2 "Immelmann" was formed on 18 October from Sturzkampfgeschwader 2. InStukageschwader 2 was transferred to the Eastern Front. On 26 JuneStuka Geschwader 2 attacked 60 Soviet tanks south of Grodnoand later discovered that only one T had been knocked out. During the rest of andthe inadequacy of dive-bombing tanks became more evident. The most effective way to assault tanks from the air would appear with SG 2 in During the attack, Oblt. During the spring of SG 2 worked up Dive Bomber and Ground Attack Units of the Luftwaffe 1933-45: v. 2 modified Ju 87 G-1 'tank-busters' armed with two Rheinmetall-Borsig 37mm Flak 18 guns mounted under each wing. Prototypes were first used against Russian landing craft in the Black Sea area. In March Rudel knocked out the first tank with the new Stuka. This was a dedicated tank-buster, with no secondary dive-bombing role. While II. By early II. By May the depleted II. By April Stab and II. At the end of Dive Bomber and Ground Attack Units of the Luftwaffe 1933-45: v.