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Ciliwung River in Jakarta, Indonesia

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Ciliwung River in Jakarta, Indonesia CILIWUNG RIVER IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA Della Permata –08R12105 YSEP 2008 Civil Engineering Department Tokyo Institute of Technology INDONESIA Government Official name : Republic of Indonesia Capital: Jakarta Form of government : Presidential, unitary form • Geography – Location : south eastern Asia, archipelago between the indian ocean and the pacific ocean – Total area : 1,919,440 sq km (5x Japan) – Archipelago of more than 17,500 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles Equator – Climate: tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands • People – Population: 237,512,352 (July 2008 est.) – Religions: Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Bu ddhis t 1%,other 1% – Languages: Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese JAKARTA Asthecapilital city and largest city of IdIndones ia, Jakarta has a greater population than any other city in ShSoutheast AiAsia. Jakarta has an area of 750.28 square kilo metres and a population of 8,489,910 people (2008 census). Jakarta is the twelfth-largest city in the world; the metropolitan area, called Jabodetabek, is the sixth-largest in the world. Jakarta is located on the northwestern coast of Java, at the mouth of the Ciliwung River on Jakarta Bay, which is an inlet of the Java Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Water pollution Air Environmen pollution tal problems Solid waste disposal Soil pollution WATER POLLUTION Sea River Laaeke Water pollution Groundwater Bay etc RIVER CONDITION IN JAKARTA RIVER POLLUTION IN JAKARTA Approximately is about 64 rivers from 470 rivers in Indonesia has critical condition. An d it spreads in many ciiities. There are about 13 rivers flowing through Jakarta, mostly flowing from the hilly southern parts of the city northwards towards the Java Sea. All of them have been contami nat ed . One of the rivers that is very popular is CILIWUNG RIVER. CILIWUNG RIVER Ciliwung is a river that ppgasses through Jakarta, Indonesia. The river flows from its source near Puncak on the highlands of West Java to the Jakarta Bay. Ciliwung River divides the city into the western and eastern priilitiincipalities. Ciliwung River is used as the main source of the water supply system for municipal water system in Jakarta. WHY CILIWUNG RIVER BECOMES POPULAR?? Every year this river get flooding The Water Quality Index of the river decreased 33% in the 12 years between 1993 and 2005 WATER QUALITY DATA OF CILIWUNG RIVER Data (2007) Parameter Limit average BOD 10 mg/L 8.97 mg/L COD 20 mg/L 35.22 mg/L 1,600,000-3,000,000 E-coli 10,000 cells/100 cc cells/100 cc 280,000-1,600,000 Fecal coli 2000 cells/100 cc cells/100 cc E coli: Escherichia coli (大腸菌群) Fecal coli: Fecal coliform (糞便性大腸菌) THE CAUSES OF WATER QUALITY’S DECREASE In Kampung Jawa, South Jakarta, residents disppgggose their garbage along the river banks. Almost 6000 residents dump their garbage daily at this site. THE CAUSES OF WATER QUALITY’S DECREASE Hundreds of small and medium scale industries are dumpi ng thei r effluent s int o the Ciliwung and Cipinang rivers. THE CAUSES OF WATER QUALITY’S DECREASE The Ciliwung River waters from upstream to downstream are heavily polluted by gray water from households, commercial buildings, together with discharges from industries, pesticide and fertilizer run-off from agricultural land, solid waste, and fecal matter from overflowing or leaking septic tanks. THE CAUSES OF WATER QUALITY’S DECREASE The changes of the land use without taking note of the Area Planning or Regional Planning will change the land function and increasingly the quality and quantity of waste entering to the river. THE CAUSES OF WATER QUALITY’S DECREASE Table 1. source of river pollution in Jakarta Source PtPercentage Municipal/Domestic activity (wastewater 75 % and garbage) Industrial activity 10 % Commercial area 15 % activity THE EFFECTS All the effects must be negative effects, such as : Blooming effect It caused the death of native orgg(,anisms (fish, plant, etc) Habitat extinction Water Intrusion seepage It caused the groundwat er contami nati on No source for water supply system anymore Increase many diseases in human (typhus, cholera,etc) RECOMMENDATIONS “need to increase cooperativeness btbetween government, idindus try, and human society.” govern ment coopera tion indust Human ry society RECOMMENDATIONS For government Government must act firmly to IdIndus try and human socitiety. For industry Industry who wants to throw away their waste should process/treat their waste before dispose it to environment. For human/people People should increase their consciousness to environment. REFERENCES http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/jakarta/2007/0 3/20/brk,20070320-95839,id.html http://www.suarakarya- online.com/news.html?id=138892 http://jawaban.com/news/news/detail.php?id_news =071121182722 http://www.kapanlagi.com/h/0000151068.html http://www.beritajakarta.com/V_Ind/berita_detail. asp?idwil =0& nN ewsId =18077 http://digilib- ampl. net/detail/detail. php?row=0&tp=kliping&ktg =airlimbah&kode=392 http://www2.kompas .com/kompas - cetak/0108/13/METRO/penc18.htm .
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