RIP Architecture L Technical Information
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
12 Questions To... Natami Team - Part 1
12 questions to... Natami Team - part 1 Banter (c) Polski Portal Amigowy (www.ppa.pl) Today I will tell you about something unique. I will present you the latest 68k CPU! You may wonder... What actually is N68050? The N68050 (N050) is a new 68k family processor developed by the Natami Team. It runs inside the FPGA together with the Natami chipset. The 050 is the first revision of our 68k CPU architecture. Further on, we will extend the architecture to the N68050E and later the N68070 specification. The N68050 softcore will be the default CPU of the Natami system. But if the user wants to, he could also get a separate CPU card with a physical 68060 for his Natami system, connected to the mainboard over the SyncZorro bus. The development history of the N68050 core. One could say it started in 1998, when Gunnar tried to write his first 68k softcore. But FPGAs were unfortunately too small to accomplish this task back then. The actual development of the Natami softcore started two years ago, after we dismissed Coldfire as a possible CPU for the Natami. Coldfire was interesting, but our testing and estimates showed us that solving it with our own softcore is even better. The first "N68070" softcore design idea was similar to a crossbreed of 68000 and Coldfire. Our first concept was to use a pipeline similar to the Coldfire V3 pipeline. To improve performance we changed this and reworked the pipeline to be longer. Our goal for the softcore was to reach a higher clockrate and to be in all regards better than the original Motorola 68060 clocked at the same speed. -
SPIM S20: a MIPS R2000 Simulator∗
SPIM S20: A MIPS R2000 Simulator∗ 1 th “ 25 the performance at none of the cost” James R. Larus [email protected] Computer Sciences Department University of Wisconsin–Madison 1210 West Dayton Street Madison, WI 53706, USA 608-262-9519 Copyright °c 1990–1997 by James R. Larus (This document may be copied without royalties, so long as this copyright notice remains on it.) 1 SPIM SPIM S20 is a simulator that runs programs for the MIPS R2000/R3000 RISC computers.1 SPIM can read and immediately execute files containing assembly language. SPIM is a self- contained system for running these programs and contains a debugger and interface to a few operating system services. The architecture of the MIPS computers is simple and regular, which makes it easy to learn and understand. The processor contains 32 general-purpose 32-bit registers and a well-designed instruction set that make it a propitious target for generating code in a compiler. However, the obvious question is: why use a simulator when many people have workstations that contain a hardware, and hence significantly faster, implementation of this computer? One reason is that these workstations are not generally available. Another reason is that these ma- chine will not persist for many years because of the rapid progress leading to new and faster computers. Unfortunately, the trend is to make computers faster by executing several instruc- tions concurrently, which makes their architecture more difficult to understand and program. The MIPS architecture may be the epitome of a simple, clean RISC machine. In addition, simulators can provide a better environment for low-level programming than an actual machine because they can detect more errors and provide more features than an actual computer. -
A 2000 Frames / S Programmable Binary Image Processor Chip for Real Time Machine Vision Applications
A 2000 frames / s programmable binary image processor chip for real time machine vision applications A. Loos, D. Fey Institute of Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, D-07743 Jena, Germany {loos,fey}@cs.uni-jena.de Abstract the inflexible and fixed instruction set. To meet that we present a so called ASIP (application specific instruction Industrial manufacturing today requires both an efficient set processor) which combines the flexibility of a GPP production process and an appropriate quality standard of (General Purpose Processor) with the speed of an ASIC. each produced unit. The number of industrial vision appli- cations, where real time vision systems are utilized, is con- tinuously rising due to the increasing automation. Assem- Embedded Vision System bly lines, where component parts are manipulated by robot 1. real scene image sensing, AD- CMOS-Imager grippers, require a fast and fault tolerant visual detection conversion and read out of objects. Standard computation hardware like PC-based 2. grey scale image image segmentation platforms with frame grabber boards are often not appro- representation priate for such hard real time vision tasks in embedded sys- 3. raw binary image image enhancement, tems. This is because they meet their limits at frame rates of representation removal of disturbance a few hundreds images per second and show comparatively ASIP FPGA long latency times of a few milliseconds. This is the result 4. improved binary image calculation of of the largely serial working and time consuming process- projections ing chain of these systems. In contrast to that we designed 5. -
United Health Group Capacity Analysis
Advanced Technical Skills (ATS) North America zPCR Capacity Sizing Lab SHARE Sessions 7774 and 7785 August 4, 2010 John Burg Brad Snyder Materials created by John Fitch and Jim Shaw IBM 1 © 2010 IBM Corporation Advanced Technical Skills Trademarks The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. AlphaBlox* GDPS* RACF* Tivoli* APPN* HiperSockets Redbooks* Tivoli Storage Manager CICS* HyperSwap Resource Link TotalStorage* CICS/VSE* IBM* RETAIN* VSE/ESA Cool Blue IBM eServer REXX VTAM* DB2* IBM logo* RMF WebSphere* DFSMS IMS S/390* xSeries* DFSMShsm Language Environment* Scalable Architecture for Financial Reporting z9* DFSMSrmm Lotus* Sysplex Timer* z10 DirMaint Large System Performance Reference™ (LSPR™) Systems Director Active Energy Manager z10 BC DRDA* Multiprise* System/370 z10 EC DS6000 MVS System p* z/Architecture* DS8000 OMEGAMON* System Storage zEnterprise ECKD Parallel Sysplex* System x* z/OS* ESCON* Performance Toolkit for VM System z z/VM* FICON* PowerPC* System z9* z/VSE FlashCopy* PR/SM System z10 zSeries* * Registered trademarks of IBM Corporation Processor Resource/Systems Manager The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies. Adobe, the Adobe logo, PostScript, and the PostScript logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States, and/or other countries. Cell Broadband Engine is a trademark of Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both and is used under license therefrom. Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. -
Lecture 1: Course Introduction G Course Organization G Historical Overview G Computer Organization G Why the MC68000? G Why Assembly Language?
Lecture 1: Course introduction g Course organization g Historical overview g Computer organization g Why the MC68000? g Why assembly language? Microprocessor-based System Design 1 Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna Wright State University Course organization g Grading Instructor n Exams Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna g 1 midterm and 1 final Office: 401 Russ n Homework Tel:775-5120 g 4 problem sets (not graded) [email protected] n Quizzes http://www.cs.wright.edu/~rgutier g Biweekly Office hours: TBA n Laboratories g 5 Labs Teaching Assistant g Grading scheme Mohammed Tabrez Office: 339 Russ [email protected] Weight (%) Office hours: TBA Quizes 20 Laboratory 40 Midterm 20 Final Exam 20 Microprocessor-based System Design 2 Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna Wright State University Course outline g Module I: Programming (8 lectures) g MC68000 architecture (2) g Assembly language (5) n Instruction and addressing modes (2) n Program control (1) n Subroutines (2) g C language (1) g Module II: Peripherals (9) g Exception processing (1) g Devices (6) n PI/T timer (2) n PI/T parallel port (2) n DUART serial port (1) g Memory and I/O interface (1) g Address decoding (2) Microprocessor-based System Design 3 Ricardo Gutierrez-Osuna Wright State University Brief history of computers GENERATION FEATURES MILESTONES YEAR NOTES Asia Minor, Abacus 3000BC Only replaced by paper and pencil Mech., Blaise Pascal, Pascaline 1642 Decimal addition (8 decimal figs) Early machines Electro- Charles Babbage Differential Engine 1823 Steam powered (3000BC-1945) mech. Herman Hollerith, -
RTEMS CPU Supplement Documentation Release 4.11.3 ©Copyright 2016, RTEMS Project (Built 15Th February 2018)
RTEMS CPU Supplement Documentation Release 4.11.3 ©Copyright 2016, RTEMS Project (built 15th February 2018) CONTENTS I RTEMS CPU Architecture Supplement1 1 Preface 5 2 Port Specific Information7 2.1 CPU Model Dependent Features...........................8 2.1.1 CPU Model Name...............................8 2.1.2 Floating Point Unit..............................8 2.2 Multilibs........................................9 2.3 Calling Conventions.................................. 10 2.3.1 Calling Mechanism.............................. 10 2.3.2 Register Usage................................. 10 2.3.3 Parameter Passing............................... 10 2.3.4 User-Provided Routines............................ 10 2.4 Memory Model..................................... 11 2.4.1 Flat Memory Model.............................. 11 2.5 Interrupt Processing.................................. 12 2.5.1 Vectoring of an Interrupt Handler...................... 12 2.5.2 Interrupt Levels................................ 12 2.5.3 Disabling of Interrupts by RTEMS...................... 12 2.6 Default Fatal Error Processing............................. 14 2.7 Symmetric Multiprocessing.............................. 15 2.8 Thread-Local Storage................................. 16 2.9 CPU counter...................................... 17 2.10 Interrupt Profiling................................... 18 2.11 Board Support Packages................................ 19 2.11.1 System Reset................................. 19 3 ARM Specific Information 21 3.1 CPU Model Dependent Features.......................... -
MIPS IV Instruction Set
MIPS IV Instruction Set Revision 3.2 September, 1995 Charles Price MIPS Technologies, Inc. All Right Reserved RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND Use, duplication, or disclosure of the technical data contained in this document by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 and / or in similar or successor clauses in the FAR, or in the DOD or NASA FAR Supplement. Unpublished rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States. Contractor / manufacturer is MIPS Technologies, Inc., 2011 N. Shoreline Blvd., Mountain View, CA 94039-7311. R2000, R3000, R6000, R4000, R4400, R4200, R8000, R4300 and R10000 are trademarks of MIPS Technologies, Inc. MIPS and R3000 are registered trademarks of MIPS Technologies, Inc. The information in this document is preliminary and subject to change without notice. MIPS Technologies, Inc. (MTI) reserves the right to change any portion of the product described herein to improve function or design. MTI does not assume liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Information on MIPS products is available electronically: (a) Through the World Wide Web. Point your WWW client to: http://www.mips.com (b) Through ftp from the internet site “sgigate.sgi.com”. Login as “ftp” or “anonymous” and then cd to the directory “pub/doc”. (c) Through an automated FAX service: Inside the USA toll free: (800) 446-6477 (800-IGO-MIPS) Outside the USA: (415) 688-4321 (call from a FAX machine) MIPS Technologies, Inc. -
MIPS Architecture • MIPS (Microprocessor Without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) • MIPS Computer Systems Inc
Spring 2011 Prof. Hyesoon Kim MIPS Architecture • MIPS (Microprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages) • MIPS Computer Systems Inc. • Developed from Stanford • MIPS architecture usages • 1990’s – R2000, R3000, R4000, Motorola 68000 family • Playstation, Playstation 2, Sony PSP handheld, Nintendo 64 console • Android • Shift to SOC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIPS_architecture • MIPS R4000 CPU core • Floating point and vector floating point co-processors • 3D-CG extended instruction sets • Graphics – 3D curved surface and other 3D functionality – Hardware clipping, compressed texture handling • R4300 (embedded version) – Nintendo-64 http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/sony- announces-playstation-portable-specs/ Not Yet out • Google TV: an Android-based software service that lets users switch between their TV content and Web applications such as Netflix and Amazon Video on Demand • GoogleTV : search capabilities. • High stream data? • Internet accesses? • Multi-threading, SMP design • High graphics processors • Several CODEC – Hardware vs. Software • Displaying frame buffer e.g) 1080p resolution: 1920 (H) x 1080 (V) color depth: 4 bytes/pixel 4*1920*1080 ~= 8.3MB 8.3MB * 60Hz=498MB/sec • Started from 32-bit • Later 64-bit • microMIPS: 16-bit compression version (similar to ARM thumb) • SIMD additions-64 bit floating points • User Defined Instructions (UDIs) coprocessors • All self-modified code • Allow unaligned accesses http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/mips-architecture/ • 32 64-bit general purpose registers (GPRs) • A pair of special-purpose registers to hold the results of integer multiply, divide, and multiply-accumulate operations (HI and LO) – HI—Multiply and Divide register higher result – LO—Multiply and Divide register lower result • a special-purpose program counter (PC), • A MIPS64 processor always produces a 64-bit result • 32 floating point registers (FPRs). -
Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing
EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing Guest Editors: Markus Rupp, Dragomir Milojevic, and Guy Gogniat Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing Guest Editors: Markus Rupp, Dragomir Milojevic, and Guy Gogniat Copyright © 2008 Hindawi Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in volume 2008 of “EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Editor-in-Chief Zoran Salcic, University of Auckland, New Zealand Associate Editors Sandro Bartolini, Italy Thomas Kaiser, Germany S. Ramesh, India Neil Bergmann, Australia Bart Kienhuis, The Netherlands Partha S. Roop, New Zealand Shuvra Bhattacharyya, USA Chong-Min Kyung, Korea Markus Rupp, Austria Ed Brinksma, The Netherlands Miriam Leeser, USA Asim Smailagic, USA Paul Caspi, France John McAllister, UK Leonel Sousa, Portugal Liang-Gee Chen, Taiwan Koji Nakano, Japan Jarmo Henrik Takala, Finland Dietmar Dietrich, Austria Antonio Nunez, Spain Jean-Pierre Talpin, France Stephen A. Edwards, USA Sri Parameswaran, Australia Jurgen¨ Teich, Germany Alain Girault, France Zebo Peng, Sweden Dongsheng Wang, China Rajesh K. Gupta, USA Marco Platzner, Germany Susumu Horiguchi, Japan Marc Pouzet, France Contents -
Computer Organization EECC 550 • Introduction: Modern Computer Design Levels, Components, Technology Trends, Register Transfer Week 1 Notation (RTN)
Computer Organization EECC 550 • Introduction: Modern Computer Design Levels, Components, Technology Trends, Register Transfer Week 1 Notation (RTN). [Chapters 1, 2] • Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Characteristics and Classifications: CISC Vs. RISC. [Chapter 2] Week 2 • MIPS: An Example RISC ISA. Syntax, Instruction Formats, Addressing Modes, Encoding & Examples. [Chapter 2] • Central Processor Unit (CPU) & Computer System Performance Measures. [Chapter 4] Week 3 • CPU Organization: Datapath & Control Unit Design. [Chapter 5] Week 4 – MIPS Single Cycle Datapath & Control Unit Design. – MIPS Multicycle Datapath and Finite State Machine Control Unit Design. Week 5 • Microprogrammed Control Unit Design. [Chapter 5] – Microprogramming Project Week 6 • Midterm Review and Midterm Exam Week 7 • CPU Pipelining. [Chapter 6] • The Memory Hierarchy: Cache Design & Performance. [Chapter 7] Week 8 • The Memory Hierarchy: Main & Virtual Memory. [Chapter 7] Week 9 • Input/Output Organization & System Performance Evaluation. [Chapter 8] Week 10 • Computer Arithmetic & ALU Design. [Chapter 3] If time permits. Week 11 • Final Exam. EECC550 - Shaaban #1 Lec # 1 Winter 2005 11-29-2005 Computing System History/Trends + Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Fundamentals • Computing Element Choices: – Computing Element Programmability – Spatial vs. Temporal Computing – Main Processor Types/Applications • General Purpose Processor Generations • The Von Neumann Computer Model • CPU Organization (Design) • Recent Trends in Computer Design/performance • Hierarchy -
IDT79R4600 and IDT79R4700 RISC Processor Hardware User's Manual
IDT79R4600™ and IDT79R4700™ RISC Processor Hardware User’s Manual Revision 2.0 April 1995 Integrated Device Technology, Inc. Integrated Device Technology, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to its products or specifications at any time, without notice, in order to improve design or performance and to supply the best possible product. IDT does not assume any respon- sibility for use of any circuitry described other than the circuitry embodied in an IDT product. ITD makes no representations that circuitry described herein is free from patent infringement or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent, patent rights, or other rights of Integrated Device Technology, Inc. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY Integrated Device Technology’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life sup- port devices or systems unless a specific written agreement pertaining to such intended use is executed between the manufacturer and an officer of IDT. 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accor- dance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a sig- nificant injury to the user. 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. -
Procesory Ve Směrovačích Firmy Cisco Motorola MPC857DSL
Procesory ve směrovačích firmy Cisco Pokročilé architektury počítačů Marek Malysz, mal341 Obsah Motorola MPC857DSL.............................................................................................................................1 Motorola 68360.........................................................................................................................................2 Motorola 68030.........................................................................................................................................3 Motorola MPC860 PowerQUICC............................................................................................................3 PMC-Sierra RM7061A.............................................................................................................................4 Broadcom BCM1250................................................................................................................................5 R4600.........................................................................................................................................................5 R5000.........................................................................................................................................................6 R7000.........................................................................................................................................................6 QuantumFlow Processor...........................................................................................................................6