Kanembu-Kaniri Relationship
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Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’S Enduring Insurgency
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Editor: Jacob Zenn Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Jacob Zenn (Editor) Abdulbasit Kassim Elizabeth Pearson Atta Barkindo Idayat Hassan Zacharias Pieri Omar Mahmoud Combating Terrorism Center at West Point United States Military Academy www.ctc.usma.edu The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. May 2018 Cover Photo: A group of Boko Haram fighters line up in this still taken from a propaganda video dated March 31, 2016. COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Director The editor thanks colleagues at the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (CTC), all of whom supported this endeavor by proposing the idea to carry out a LTC Bryan Price, Ph.D. report on Boko Haram and working with the editor and contributors to see the Deputy Director project to its rightful end. In this regard, I thank especially Brian Dodwell, Dan- iel Milton, Jason Warner, Kristina Hummel, and Larisa Baste, who all directly Brian Dodwell collaborated on the report. I also thank the two peer reviewers, Brandon Kend- hammer and Matthew Page, for their input and valuable feedback without which Research Director we could not have completed this project up to such a high standard. There were Dr. Daniel Milton numerous other leaders and experts at the CTC who assisted with this project behind-the-scenes, and I thank them, too. Distinguished Chair Most importantly, we would like to dedicate this volume to all those whose lives LTG (Ret) Dell Dailey have been afected by conflict and to those who have devoted their lives to seeking Class of 1987 Senior Fellow peace and justice. -
Socio-Economic Determinants of New Idioms of Power – Visual Case Stories from Urban Adamaoua, Cameroon
Africa Development, Vol. XXXV, Nos 1 & 2, 2010, pp. 117 – 175 © Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa, 2010 (ISSN 0850-3907) ‘Up as a Rabbit, Down as a Lion’: Socio-economic Determinants of New Idioms of Power – Visual Case Stories from Urban Adamaoua, Cameroon Lisbet Holtedahl* Abstract In the 1990s, I felt empathy with the Sultan of Adamaoua. I do feel empa- thy with one of the richest and most influential industrialists in Cameroon today - emotions which are difficult to convey in today’s Norway. Ideas about Africa, about poverty, corruption, etc. make such feelings politi- cally incorrect. My anthropological research is supposed to lead to posi- tive consequences for the people with whom I work. They be ‘small’ or ‘big’ people. This is called applied research. My research experience has made me conclude the following: Research should contribute to giving people new voices in new arenas; make them visible in new social spheres. I wish for instance, that my research may promote authorities’ listening more to and seeing people who are poor or who are uneducated, and, that their decisions may reach them, empower them. Often, also, one thinks that empowerment only concerns people without power. Since I have for long worked with people with big power, my research should enable their voices to become strengthened and make them visible on the new social arenas that are under pressure from their own behaviour and entrepre- neurship, but that they themselves do not see. What criteria do we use when we decide whether our research should empower people in power? It is important that we include the ‘small’ as well as the ‘big’ in our applied research. -
Boko Haram: a New Islamic State in Nigeria
JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY RICE UNIVERSITY BOKO HARAM: A NEW ISLAMIC STATE IN NIGERIA BY DAVID COOK, PH.D. BAKER INSTITUTE RICE FACULTY SCHOLAR JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF RELIGION RICE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 11, 2014 Boko Haram: A New Islamic State in Nigeria THIS PAPER WAS WRITTEN BY A RESEARCHER (OR RESEARCHERS) WHO PARTICIPATED IN A BAKER INSTITUTE RESEARCH PROJECT. WHEREVER FEASIBLE, PAPERS ARE REVIEWED BY OUTSIDE EXPERTS BEFORE THEY ARE RELEASED. HOWEVER, THE RESEARCH AND VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS PAPER ARE THOSE OF THE INDIVIDUAL RESEARCHER(S) AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE VIEWS OF THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY. © 2014 BY THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY OF RICE UNIVERSITY THIS MATERIAL MAY BE QUOTED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION, PROVIDED APPROPRIATE CREDIT IS GIVEN TO THE AUTHOR AND THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY 2 Boko Haram: A New Islamic State in Nigeria Executive Summary1 Currently the Nigerian state is undergoing a civil war, with the protagonist being the Salafi-jihadi group popularly called Boko Haram. During the years since 2011, Boko Haram has morphed from being a local Salafi-jihadi group into a major player in West African radicalism. Its tactics have ranged from standard guerilla pin-prick attacks against governmental, military, and Christian targets, to sophisticated suicide attacks and mass slayings of target populations. During the period since July 2014, Boko Haram has clearly set the establishment of a physical Islamic state in Nigeria as its goal and has fought the Nigerian military to a draw. -
Ancient and New Arabic Loans in Chadic Sergio Saldi
u L p A Ancient and University of New Arabic Loans Leipzig Papers on in Chadic Afrlca ! Languages and Literatures Sergio Saldi No.07 1999 University of Leipzig Papers on Africa Languages and Literatures Series No. 07 Ancient and New Arabic Loans in Chadic by Sergio Baldi Leipzig, 1999 ISBN: 3-932632-35-4 Orders should be addressed to: / Bestellungen an: Institut für Afrikanistik, Universität Leipzig Augustusplatz 9 D - 04109 Leipzig Phone: (0049)-(0)341-9737037 Fax: (0049)-(0)341-9737048 Em@il: [email protected] Internet: http://www. uni-leipzig.derifa/ulpa.htm University of Leipzie- Papers on Afrlca Languages and Literatures Serles Editor: H. Ekkehard Wolff Layout and Graphics: Toralf Richter Ancient and New Arabic Loans in Chadic Sergio Baldi Baldi, Ancient and New Arabic Loans in Chadic l Introduction1 Chadic languages have been influenced by Arabic at differents levels. Apart from Hausa which is a special case considering its diffusion on a very !arge area where sometimes it is spoken as a lingua franca, other Chadic languages have been in linguistic contact with Arabic, too. This paper illustrates the diffusion of Arabic loans among those Chadic languages for which it was possible to collect material through dictionaries and other sources listed at the end in References. As far as I know this is the first survey in Chadic languages on this topic, besides Hausa. Tue difficulty to do such work relates to the scarcity and sometimes inaccessability2) even ofpublished data. Also, works of only the last few decades are reliable. Tue languages taken into consideration are: Bidiya, Kotoko, Lame, Mafa, Mokilko, Musgu, Pero, Tangale and Tumak. -
Arabic and Contact-Induced Change Christopher Lucas, Stefano Manfredi
Arabic and Contact-Induced Change Christopher Lucas, Stefano Manfredi To cite this version: Christopher Lucas, Stefano Manfredi. Arabic and Contact-Induced Change. 2020. halshs-03094950 HAL Id: halshs-03094950 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03094950 Submitted on 15 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Arabic and contact-induced change Edited by Christopher Lucas Stefano Manfredi language Contact and Multilingualism 1 science press Contact and Multilingualism Editors: Isabelle Léglise (CNRS SeDyL), Stefano Manfredi (CNRS SeDyL) In this series: 1. Lucas, Christopher & Stefano Manfredi (eds.). Arabic and contact-induced change. Arabic and contact-induced change Edited by Christopher Lucas Stefano Manfredi language science press Lucas, Christopher & Stefano Manfredi (eds.). 2020. Arabic and contact-induced change (Contact and Multilingualism 1). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/235 © 2020, the authors Published under the Creative Commons Attribution -
Jan-Feb 2013 GPD Insides.Indd
WILLIAM CAREY LIBRARY FEATURED BOOK Peoples on the Move Introducing the Nomads of the World Nomads — they inhabit every continent yet have “no abiding city.” Always on the move, they are often “invisible,” unreached, despised, and easily forgotten by settled citizens. Th is is the most comprehensive source of information on all the nomadic peoples of the world and includes maps, black and white photographs, people profi les, and bibliographic data. ISBN: 978-0-87808-352-7 List Price: $19.95 David J. Phillips Our Price: $15.96 WCL | Pages 490 | Paperback 2001 3 or more: $10.97 www.missionbooks.org 1-800-MISSION Become a Daily World Christian What is the Global Prayer Digest? Loose Change Adds Up! Th e Global Prayer Digest is a unique devotion- In adapting the Burma Plan to our culture, al booklet. Each day it gives a glimpse we have simply substituted loose change of what God is doing around the world for rice and have added this educational and what still remains to be done. Daily and inspirational Global Prayer Digest. One prayer for that still-unfi nished task is at person’s loose change will average about the heart of the Adopt-A-People move- $100 per year exclusively for frontier ment. Condensed missionary stories, missions! When the national goal of one biblical challenges, urgent reports, and million Adopt-A-People Prayer Partners is exciting descriptions of unreached peo- reached, that will mean $100 million more ples provide a digest of rich fuel for your per year for the frontiers! own times of prayer for the world. -
Nilo-Saharan’
11 Linguistic Features and Typologies in Languages Commonly Referred to as ‘Nilo-Saharan’ Gerrit J. Dimmendaal, Colleen Ahland, Angelika Jakobi, and Constance Kutsch Lojenga 11.1 Introduction The phylum referred to today as Nilo- Saharan (occasionally also Nilosaharan) was established by Greenberg (1963). It consists of a core of language families already argued to be genetically related in his earlier classiication of African languages (Greenberg 1955:110–114), consisting of Eastern Sudanic, Central Sudanic, Kunama, and Berta, and grouped under the name Macrosudanic; this language family was renamed Chari- Nile in his 1963 contribution after a suggestion by the Africanist William Welmers. In his 1963 classiication, Greenberg hypothesized that Nilo- Saharan consists of Chari- Nile and ive other languages or language fam- ilies treated as independent units in his earlier study: Songhay (Songhai), Saharan, Maban, Fur, and Koman (Coman). Bender (1997) also included the Kadu languages in Sudan in his sur- vey of Nilo-Saharan languages; these were classiied as members of the Kordofanian branch of Niger-Kordofanian by Greenberg (1963) under the name Tumtum. Although some progress has been made in our knowledge of the Kadu languages, they remain relatively poorly studied, and there- fore they are not further discussed here, also because actual historical evi- dence for their Nilo- Saharan afiliation is rather weak. Whereas there is a core of language groups now widely assumed to belong to Nilo- Saharan as a phylum or macro- family, the genetic afiliation of families such as Koman and Songhay is also disputed (as for the Kadu languages). For this reason, these latter groups are discussed separately from what is widely considered to form the core of Nilo- Saharan, Central Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. -
Adaptation and Delimitation Some Thoughts About the Kanurization of the Gamergu
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268, Band 8, Frankfurt a. M. 1996: 49-66 ADAPTATION AND DELIMITATION SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT THE KANURIZATION OF THE GAMERGU Norbert Cyffer, Doris Löhr, Editha Platte and Abba Isa Tijani Introduction The area around the Lake Chad is characterized as an example for a region where ethnic changes abundantly took place and still do. For example some Kanuri districts, or the leaders of those districts, are (unofficially) named after other ethnic names (e.g. Margi, Shuwa) or Kanuri clan names are identical with ethnic names of other groups, eg. Tera, Bade. Both people speak a Chadic language and live in the south and west of the Kanuri respectively. These are indications that the Kanuri formerly absorbed and integrated these peoples. These processes are not only a phenomenon of the past. In the case of the neighbouring Gamergu people an ongoing process of ethnic change towards a Kanuri identity is observed until present. The research projects1 have revealed that the concept of "ethnic units" is far from being static which the term may suggest. This especially applies to the German Stamm, which implies a static concept of ethnicity. However, in Borno the dynamics of ethnic and linguistic change are prevailing. Therefore Ronald Cohen rejected the term "ethnic unit", or even "tribe" for the Kanuri and preferred "nation" instead (COHEN 1967). Umara Bulakarima argued along the same line but used "ethnic group" for Kanuri sub-units, e.g. -
Country Profile the Federal Republic of Nigeria
Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited Country Profile The Federal Republic of Nigeria Using the PMESII Construct TRADOC G-27 Operational Environment Center Modeling & Simulation Directorate Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 66027 March 14, 2019 Prepared By: 2019 Update: Dr. Robert Arp, DoD Contractor, TRISA OE Lab Ms. Nicole Jobe, DoD Contractor, TRADOC G-27 OEC MSD Dr. Jumanne Donahue, DoD Contractor, TRISA OE Lab Mr. Luke Roth, DoD Contractor, TRADOC G-27 OEC MSD The overall classification of this document is UNCLASSIFIED Distribution Restriction: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited (U) Map of Nigeria UNCLASSIFIED | 2 Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited (U) Snapshot Facts about Nigeria from CIA World Factbook (U) Population: 203 million (Africa’s most populous country, 7th most populous country in the world) (U) Population Growth Rate: 2.54% (Nigeria’s population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the world’s fourth most populous country. (U) Total Land Area: 356,669 sq miles (923,768 sq km), twice the size of California (U) Capital: Abuja (city population 2.9 million) (U) Type of Government: Federal Republic (U) Independence from UK: October 1, 1960 (U) Constitution Enforced: October 1, 1963 (U) Current President: President Maj. Gen. (ret.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015) (U) Primary Ethnic Groups: Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba, Igbo, Ijaw, -
Uncharted Ethnicities
Uncharted Ethnicities 1 First published in Egypt in 2015 by Tanit Publishing House & Tebu Studies Center Copyright © Tanit Publishing House, T.S.C. 2014 Printed and bound in Egypt by Alahram Company The moral right of the author has been asserted. All rights reserved. Without limiting the tights under copyright re- served above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or other- wise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright own- er and the publisher of this book. Tanit Publishing House 2 A. Mahjoub Uncharted Ethnicities Tebu People: Their Identity, Language, and Lost History The Book of Tebu Introduction by: Abdullah Laban Translated by: Othman Mathlouthi General Authority for Information, Culture and Antiquities Tebu Studies Center Tanit Publishing House 3 Čuhura lar ḍa ka šeša Birds of Earth have different languages 4 Contents Preface 7 Introduction 11 1- Chapter One The Tebus and their Uncharted History 15 1.1: The Tebus in their Geographical Milieu 17 1.2: The Tebus in their Ethnic Environment 22 1.3: The Tebus in Their Demographic Milieu 31 2- Chapter Two Social Structure and Customs 37 2.1: Social Structure 37 2.2: Social Stratification 39 2.3: Description of the Tebus 40 2.4: The Sultan of the Tebus ( Dardai ) 42 2.5: Kotoba Canon 44 2.6: Tebu Folk Arts 45 2.7: Marriage Mores 46 2.8: Circumcision 47 5 2.9: Tebu Conventional Weapons 48 2.10: Teda Properties and Marks 48 3- Chapter Three Tedaga from a Linguistic and Historical Perspective 53 3.1: Codification Problem 53 3.2: Classification Problem 56 3-3: The Genesis of Tedaga and Its Evolution over 59 Time 3.4: Tedaga from a Linguistic Historical Perspective 63 3.5: Comparative Index (Teda-Arabic) 67 3.6: Summary of Main Points and Prospects 71 4- Appendices 75 4.1 : Observations by Explorers and Geographers 77 4.1.a : Frederick Hornemann (1797) 78 4.1.b : Elisée Reclus (1868) 86 4.1.c : Mohamed A. -
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity Daniel Nettle Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD University College London 1996 ProQuest Number: 10044366 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10044366 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the causes and consequences of diversity in human language. It is divided into three sections, each of which addresses a different aspect of the topic. The first section uses computer simulations to examine various mechanisms which may produce diversity in language: imperfect learning, geographical isolation, selection on the basis of social affiliation, and functional selection amongst linguistic variants. It is concluded that social and functional selection by speakers provide the main motive forces for the divergence of languages. The second section examines the factors influencing the geographical distribution of languages in the world. By far the most important is the ecological regime in which people live. Seasonal climates produce large ethnolinguistic groups because people form large networks of exchange to mitigate the subsistence risk to which they are exposed. -
Position Paper: the Dimensions of Ethnicity, Language and Culture in Nigeria
O D N E D M LA L A M POSITION PAPER: THE DIMENSIONS OF ETHNICITY, LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN NIGERIA Nigeria: Drivers of Change Component Three – Output 28 Prepared for DFID, Nigeria [FINAL REPORT] Roger Blench Mallam Dendo 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm Cambridge, November 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations............................................................................................................................................. ii 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................1 2. Overview and Justification ....................................................................................................................1 2.1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................................1 2.1.1 General ........................................................................................................................................1 2.1.2 Ethnic group, language and culture .............................................................................................1 2.2 Justification for inclusion of the ethnicity, language and culture dimension .....................................2 2.3 Situation of ethnic groups and languages in Nigeria ..........................................................................2