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How Brexit threatens Northern Ireland Trump and trade: the danger of the deal Iraq, on the right track at last If bees could talk MARCH 31ST–APRIL 6TH 2018 AI¯spy Artificial intelligence in the workplace A SPECIAL REPORT Are you taking care of your organization’s most important asset to deliver your strategy? Leadership Strategy design ccountabili age oѴѴ-0ou-ঞom Winning Customer Insight Strategy delivery The Brightline™ Initiative is a non-commercial coalition of leadingggglobal orgganizations dedicated to helpingg executives bridge the expensive and unproductive gap between strategy design and delivery. To learn more, www.brightline.org/people Successfully Bridging the Gap Between Strategy Design and Delivery Contents The Economist March 31st 2018 5 9 The world this week Asia 37 China and North Korea Leaders Conviviality, not clarity 13 Workplace of the future 38 Pakistan’s judiciary AI-spy Justice on the loose 14 Nuclear proliferation 40 Nepal and India Making Satan great again A prickly pair 14 America and world trade 40 Tourism in the The danger of the deal Philippines A palm-fringed cesspool 16 Ireland and Brexit The United Identity theft 42 India’s armed forces Northern Ireland Paper elephant Kingdom underestimates the 18 The state of Iraq damage it is doing to its most Better days in Baghdad fragile region: leader, page16. On the cover China Twenty years after a landmark As it pushes beyond the Letters 43 Pursuing fugitives abroad peace agreement, questions tech industry, artificial Forbidding kingdom carefully set aside for future 20 On China, Colombia, intelligence could make generations have been forced Stephen Hawking, 44 Repatriating Uighurs workplaces fairer—or more back onto the agenda, page 22 sensible people Nowhere to hide oppressive: leader, page13. 46 Banyan AI has big consequences for Xi Jinping, Chairman of companies, consumers and Briefing Everything workers. See our special 22 Northern Ireland report after page 46 Past and future collide Special report: AI in business The Economist online United States GrAIt expectations Daily analysis and opinion to 25 Team Trump After page 46 supplement the print edition, plus March madness 26 Obamacare audio and video, and a daily chart Middle East and Africa Economist.com Escape routes 47 Iraq after Islamic State E-mail: newsletters and 27 Electoral districts Under construction Hawkish America As the mobile edition Drawing the line Iran nuclear deal heads for the Economist.com/email 50 African migrants 27 Special elections Homeward bound rocks, the biggest losers will Print edition: available online by Attempts to avoid them be Europe and America: 7pm London time each Thursday 50 Illegal charcoal leader, page14. How the 30 Suicide A very black market Economist.com/printedition Self-destructing agreement that curtails Iran’s Audio edition: available online 52 Comic books in Africa nuclear ambitions looks 31 Spanish in America Sub-Saharan superheroes to download each Friday The long adiós doomed, page 61 Economist.com/audioedition 32 Lexington The warrior look Europe 53 The “identitarian” right White, right and pretentious The Americas 54 Russian diplomats 34 Mexico The defiant pariah Volume 426 Number 9085 Anaya under fire 55 Italy’s populists Published since September1843 35 Bello Birds of a feather to take part in "a severe contest between Peru’s president intelligence, which presses forward, and 55 Media in Turkey an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing 36 Uruguay’s economy our progress." It’s an Erdogan- The magic of Montevideo eat-Dogan world Editorial offices in London and also: Beijing, Berlin, Brussels, Cairo, Chicago, Madrid, 56 Moldova Good news from Iraq Fifteen Mexico City, Moscow, Mumbai, Nairobi, New Delhi, Cheers for Moldovan wine New York, Paris, San Francisco, São Paulo, Seoul, years after America led the Shanghai, Singapore, Tokyo, Washington DC 56 Spain and separatism invasion of Iraq, the benighted Extraditing Puigdemont country is at last finding a new 57 Charlemagne sense of unity: leader, page 18. Going Dutch Will the new spirit hold? Page 47 1 Contents continues overleaf 6 Contents The Economist March 31st 2018 Britain 75 American incomes Home improvement 58 Evidence in schools The education experiment 76 Funeral finance Death and the salesmen 59 Relitigating Brexit Did Leave cheat? 77 Free exchange Wakandanomics 59 Cartographical controversy Boxed in 60 Bagehot Science and technology Labour’s anti-Semitism 78 Beekeeping What’s the buzz? Chinese abroad The long Martin Luther King He was International 79 Education policy arm of Chinese law- Selective evidence assassinated half a century enforcement has ways of 61 The Iran nuclear deal ago. His remarkable speeches A kettle of hawks 80 Cardiology repatriating suspected Patching broken hearts combined folk religion, criminals, page 43. The theology and the hard-earned 80 Data markets government is trying to Business wisdom of his campaigns, prevent a vocal Uighur Exchange value page 81 63 Advertising agencies diaspora forming, page 44 Mad men adrift Books and arts 64 Ride-hailing in 81 MLK’s speeches, Subscription service South-East Asia For our latest subscription offers, visit Grabbing back 50 years on Economist.com/offers Like a mighty stream For subscription service, please contact by 65 Mexican mobile telecoms telephone, fax, web or mail at the details Red hot 83 Refugee lives provided below: Out of many, some 66 Consumer goods North America 83 Solar energy’s future The Economist Subscription Center Compos menses P.O. Box 46978, St. Louis, MO 63146-6978 Rays of hope Telephone: +1 800 456 6086 66 Spain’s Mediapro Facsimile: +1 866 856 8075 Political football 84 Johnson E-mail: [email protected] Build it and they will come Latin America & Mexico 67 European oil majors The Economist Subscription Center From Mars to Venus P.O. Box 46979, St. Louis, MO 63146-6979 88 Economic and financial Telephone: +1 636 449 5702 Tough on trade The Trump 68 Schumpeter Facsimile: +1 636 449 5703 administration’s strategy has Corporate crises indicators E-mail: [email protected] many risks and few upsides, Statistics on 42 economies, Subscription for 1 year (51 issues) page 71. Even if a trade war is plus a closer look at United States US $158.25 (plus tax) averted and China makes Finance and economics mergers and acquisitions Canada CA $158.25 (plus tax) concessions, America’s policy 71 US-China trade Latin America US $289 (plus tax) is economically muddled and Tumbling down Obituary politically toxic: leader, page14 72 China’s supply chains 90 José Abreu Principal commercial offices: Collateral damage Music as salvation The Adelphi Building, 1-11John Adam Street, 73 Buttonwood London WC2N 6HT Tel: +44 (0) 20 7830 7000 Volatile markets Rue de l’Athénée 32 74 India’s economy 1206 Geneva, Switzerland Chugging along Tel: +4122 566 2470 75 Oil futures 750 3rd Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10017 China’s crude gambit Tel: +1212 5410500 1301Cityplaza Four, 12 Taikoo Wan Road, Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong Tel: +852 2585 3888 Other commercial offices: Chicago, Dubai, Frankfurt, Los Angeles, Paris, San Francisco and Singapore Bees Whatever are they complaining about? A new app listens in, page 78 PEFC certified This copy of The Economist is printed on paper sourced from sustainably managed forests certified to PEFC PEFC/29-31-58 www.pefc.org © 2018 The Economist Newspaper Limited. All rights reserved. Neither this publication nor any part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of The Economist Newspaper Limited. The Economist (ISSN 0013-0613) is published every week, except for a year-end double issue, by The Economist Newspaper Limited, 750 3rd Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, N Y 10017. The Economist is a registered trademark of The Economist Newspaper Limited. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to The Economist, P.O. Box 46978, St. Louis , MO. 63146-6978, USA. 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Minimize critical disruption and ensure business continuity Reduce attack dwell time with threat hunting Outpace threats with managed protection and intelligence services Automate threat response and forensics Enable compliance with enforced endpoint logging NEW The answer to cybersecurity risk mitigation in an era of complex threats Contact Kaspersky Lab for a demo. 866-563-3099 or [email protected] usa.kaspersky.com/TMD © 2018 AO Kaspersky Lab. All rights reserved. Registered trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners. The world this week The Economist March 31st 2018 9 nerve agent. More than 25 in $4bn-worth ofpublic-works Politics other countries and NATO contracts, which also involved have supported the move the Brazilian Development against Russia by announcing Bank. In return, Odebrecht their own expulsions. pledged $35m in donations to Mr Maduro’s presidential A fire in a shopping complex in campaign. Most ofthe pro- the Siberian city ofKemerovo jects, including a metro line, killed at least 64 people, more were never finished.