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The Economy for First Half of 1987 Competition: Shanghai Writing I Bless You

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The Economy for First Half of 1987 Competition: Shanghai Writing I Bless You A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS Vol. 30, No.30 July 27, 1987 The Economy for First Half of 1987 Competition: Shanghai Writing I Bless You. BeijingR^r HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK VOL. 30, NO. 30 JULY 27, 1987 CONTENTS NOTES FROM THE EDITORS 4 Mankind Must Control Its Own Explosion EVENTS/TRENDS S-9 Kohl Comes for Closer Relations p. 5 p. 22 Abnormal Weather Threatens China Stale Announces Research Awards Water Power Pays Off Humanity Must Control Its Own Expansion Summer Leaves Bcijingcrs Cold Factories Adopt New Work • Jufy 11, 1987, the "Day of the Five Billion" as designated System by the UN, serves as an alarm to the world: its population has Weekly Chronicle (July 13-19) grown too fast. Only by controlling its own expansion can humanity avert disaster (p. 4). INTERNATIONAL 10-13 USA: Irajigate Inquiry to Tackle Legal Issues The Economy So Far This Year France: Significance of the Barbie Trial • The State Statistical Bureau's update on industry, Darkar Meeting: Important Step to agriculture, the market and trade in the first half of this year. End Apartheid Overall the performance was good, although natural disasters and excessive investment in capital construction mar the figures Forecast for China's Auto (p. 27). Industry 14 ABC of Investing in China (VI): I Preparations Before Start-up IB Cradle of Scientific Talent China's Joint Ventures (Pictofiai) Centrefotd • The Beijing Institute of Technology — one of the jewels in Orattte of ^ientis^ and the crown of Chinese scientific education — can trace its Technologists 22 beginnings back to the Yanan base area of the 1940s. facts and Figures: Sustained It has since produced many of China's scientists and 27 technological inventions, (p. 22). FROM THE CHINESE 28-29 BUSiNESSARADE 30-31 'Shanghai and Me' CULTURE/SCIENCE 32-33 • The Beijing Review and China Daily Shanghai branches COVER: Zhang Zhifiing (second, right), are holding a "Shanghai and Me" essay contest. Foreigners, professor of the automatic control overseas Chinese and compatriots from Taiwan, Hong Kong department from Beijing I-ngincering and Macao are invited to share their impressions and Institute, with his students at a experiences of Shanghai and offer their opinions and laboratory. suggestions about the work in this largest metropolis of China Xue Chao and Xu Xiangjun (p. 34). PiAlished every Monday by General Editorial Office T«b m3666 Subscription prices 11 year): USA US$22.00 English Deportment Tel; 890051-5^6 BEIJING REVItW Auttfolia A.$22.00 Canada Can.$21.l» Olitiibutiid by China IntemaHpna) Book 34 Boiwonzhuang Road, Beijing trotting Cerporalien (CUOil SHUOIAN) New Zealand NZ.$30.00 The People's Sepubtu: of China ?.0. Box ««^iin», OHoa UK £)2.00 mt NOTES FROM THE EDITORS Mankind Must Control Its Own Expansion by LI Li uly 11 this year was believed by predicts that the world's popul• the 70s to 17 per thousand today. J the UN to be the day on which ation will continue to grow in the China's family planning activ• the earth's five billionth citizen coming 110 years. At the present ities comprise a number of was to be born. The day serves as pace, the world's population will elements. an alarm to the world: Its grow to 6.1 billion by the year — Extensive education work, population has grown too fast. 2000; and in 2022 when the five with the emphasis on the rural Human beings evolved around billionth baby reaches 35, the areas where 80 percent of China's 4 million years ago. The species world will be supporting eight population lives, so that the has gone on to increase its billion people—the estimated people learn to understand the numbers in the battle against the maximum by scientists. Yet by necessity of family planning and elements. By 1830, the number of 2060 when the five billionth practise it voluntarily; people had grown to one billion. person is 73, the earth will have 10 — Economic rewards and res• Following the swift development billion people on it. This will far trictions as a supplement to of medical sciences, the world's outstrip the earth's resources. education work; population rose quickly. By 1927, The growth of population — Advocacy of late marriages it had reached two billion. In 1960, ought to be kept in line with and one-child families; that is, 33 years later, the figure economic growth, resources — Free contraceptives and was a billion more; and the next availability and the ecological birth-control service, free choice billion were added in 14 years, so balance. Only by controlling its of family planning methods; the world's population was four own expansion can humanity — Running nurseries and old- billion in 1974. The latest billion extricate itself from coming people's homes well, so as to arrived in only 13 years. predicament. Family planning is guarantee healthier children and For people to be winning in the the solution. obviate the traditional concepts of battle over nature is a good thing, China is the most populous "dependence on the children in old but the pace of the population country in the world. When New age" and "the more children the increase has been too quick in the China was founded in 1949, its better"; past century, producing a "popul• population was 540 million. — Raising the status of women ation explosion" which is cause Misguided thinking during the to genuine equality and equal pay for concern. 1950s which saw only the for equal work, so that people will Ninety percent of the increase is "strength" of a big population but not seek a second child if the first is taking place in developing coun• not the problem it may cause led to a girl. tries, where the population a considerable growth of the The natural growth rate of constitutes three quarters of the population. By the end of the 60s, China's population was 14.08 per world's total. The greatest num• China's population exceeded 800 thousand last year, a rise over bers of new borns are concen• million. This serious error left recent years. One of the reasons is trated in the areas with the much trouble to the later that family planning work has backward economy and low living generations. Since the 70s, family slackened in some localities. This standards. The rapid increase of planning has been practised, and has not gone unnoticed by the the population retards economic the natural growth rate dropped government and the people, and development and cultural pro• from 25.83 per thousand in 1970 appropriate measures are being gress, and slows down the to 11.28 per thousand in 1985. adopted. Although China is improvement of living standards According to a survey done by expected to enter another baby in these areas. UN statistics show the World Bank, China's efforts in boom period in 1987, the rise of that there are at least 730 million population control delayed the growth rate can be checked since people in the world with too little "Day of the Five BilHon" by about one-third of China's couples are to eat, at least 100 million people two years and the world's willing to have one child only. And are homeless and over one billion population is thus 130 million less if half the famiHes in the people are crowded into inadequ• than it might have been. The countryside have only one child, ate living quarters. Most of these survey also shows that chiefly China can achieve its goal of people live in developing because of the slow down in the limiting its population to around countries. growth rate in China, the world's 1.2 billion by the end of this The seriousness of the problem overall annual growth rate century. goes much further. The UNdroppe d from 19 per thousand in 4 BEIJING REVIEW, NO. 30 m EVENTS/TRENDS Kohl Comes for Closer Relations peaking at a banquet in honour More than 2,000 Chinese Western European alliance, the S of Federal German Chan• students are being trained in improvement of relations between cellor Helmut Kohl, who arrived Federal Genriany thanks to Eastern and Western Europe, and in Beijing on July 12, Chinese scholarships from the Bonn the development of Sino- Premier Zhao Ziyang said the government, and Kohl said his European co-operation are im• close ties between the two government will soon increase the portant elements in world peace countries have become a model of number of scholarships to 3,000. and stabiHty," Zhao said. friendly co-operation between At the same time, more Federal According to a member of the developed and developing nations German students are studying in Federal German delegation, both of different social systems. China. Zhao and Kohl expressed their Kohl, whose July 12-19 trip was On international issues, Zhao appreciation for Soviet leader his third visit to China, told Zhao said China considers it important Mikhail Gorbachev's current that Federal Germany realizes to have medium-range missiles reform in Soviet Union. China's concern over the trade reduced simultaneously in Europe Kohl, the first top Western imbalance between the two and Asia. government leader to visit Tibet countries and is doing its best to "The strengthening of the since 1949, said before leaving for reduce the gap. Federal German statistics show that the difference last year was US$1.6 billion in Bonn's favour out of total trade worth US$4.2 billion. Zhao told Kohl that China welcomes Federal Germany's at• tempt to expand imports from China.
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