RADIOLOGICAL SL~VEY PUN

FOR THE

NORTHER22NJJUXALL IS-LANDS FUDIOLOGICAL SURVEY PIAN FOR THE NORTHERN

PART TITLE TAB

I PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES 1 II HISTORICAL INFORMATION 2 III SCOPE OF SURVEY 3 A. THE 13 ATOLLS B. ORGANIZATION c. TERRESTRIAL PROGRAM D. MARINE PROGMM E. AERIAL PHOTO AiYDRADIOLOGICAL SURVEY F. SURVEY SCHEDULE A!NDSERIES MAPS IV MILESTONE CHART 4 v AGENCY ASSIGhNENTS 5 DRAFT ME?!OwND~~ OF AGRE~:ENT BETWEEN DEPTS OF THE NAVi, ENERGY, AND INTERIOR VI PUBLIC INFORWTION 6 VII FUNDING 7 . APPENDIX 1 8 FALLOUT FROM PACIFIC TESTS FALLOUT PATTERN-BRAvO EVENT 1954 TAB 1

PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES

‘———r m -1— - R/lDrO!.OCIC,f.L SL’R[’EYPUN FOR THE t:ol{i}[ip:::;,RSIL:LLISIJC{DS

PURPOSE

THE PURPOSE OF THE NORTHERS YX?SHALL ISLASDS SUR?EY PROGWXI 1: TO PROI’IDE A DOCWIEXTAT1OS OF THE R~21:;I:~GRADIOACiII’IH FROX NUCLEAR T] TING ASD TO PROVIDE SLTPORT DATA FOR .x: ASSESWEST OF I%E MDI.ITION DO: TO PEOPLE BEFORE THE TEFC’:IXATIOSOF THE LTITE2 XATIOXS TRUST AGR1 ?IEXT.

OBJECTIVES

THE OBJECTItTS OF THE PRC)GFW:ARE:

1. TO OBTAIN AERIAL ?.~DIOLOGIC.i L }L!?S OF il!EXORTHEN: :.’NRSHAI ATOLLS, AND ISW(DS , A study has identified 11 atolls and 2 islands as those most likely to have received fallout from o or more nuclear tests conduc~ea at Bikini and Ene during the L.S. Pacific testing program. 2. TO SA~lPLEND ?IE.4SURETHE lUDIOACTIVI~ IS SOIL, WATER, PL :T LIFE AND FOOD, ADJACEST YLARIXEh’ATIRS,AXD MARIXE MD TEFLRESTRL . L.IF-L, AND , 3. TO PREPARE A REPORT WHICH WILL PRESENT THE FIXDINGS OF THE AND AN ASSESS?lENTOF THE IL4DUTION DOSES TO THE PEO?LE WHO LIVING ON THE SURVEYED ATOLLS AND ISLANDS. TAB 2

4

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

1 -- HISTOIUGAL BACKGROUND PART II The U.S. nuclear weapons testing programconducted from 1946 958 in the Pacific left long-term radiological contamination and th problems. Bikini and Enewetak Atolls, where the testing was ucted, were the most severely affected, but fallout from these test: touched many islands in the Northern Marshalls. Of special concern 1 he heavy fallout from the March 1954 test which caused radiological ix to many of the people of Rongelap and resulted in at least one death radiation related diseass.

The Department of the Interior (DOI), Department of Defense ~ , and the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), later the Energy Research an(~ evelopmemt Administration (ERDA), and now the Department of Energy (DOE:), cooperated in the steps taken to date to perform radiological surv=ys atId assessments (1967-1968) and to perform cleanup and rehabilitation of Bik:~n (1969 to- present) and in the radiological survey and assessment of En[SW ak Atoll” (1972-74). This Enewetak survey utilized the most up-to-date~ d modern- techniques, including the aerial survey of islands utilizing se sitive radiation monitoring equipment carried in helicopters. The E)OD began the Enewetak cleanup in FY 1977, with the DOI rehabilitation prog:ra initiated \ during cleanup to take advantage of logistics and communication capabilities attendant to cleanup operations. The DOE has performed follow radiological1 surveys at Bikini and Enewetak Atolls. It also conducts medic ~bservation of the exposed populations of Rongelap and Utirik Atolls at fr znt internals.

The Department of the Interior (DOI), Office of Trust Territor f the Pacific Islands (TTPI), is responsible for rehabilitation of t fcmner test sites,Bikini and Enewetak. Phase I of the Bikini progra xcIuded planting of coconut trees and building 40 homes and other comm ~y buildings on Bikini Island. The houses were built along the lagoon shor lere the radiation levels were the lowest. In responding to a request n TTPI for

r-’---’l -2- assistance in locating the second group of ‘houses on Bikini I and, the ERDA recommended that an aerial survey of the type flown at E wetak be conducted for the entire . This survey would pro de detailed data including contours of the total external gamma radiation isotopic content and plutonium in the soil surface. Neither the ERDA r the DOI had the integrated logistical support system needed for an ae al survey and DOD was requested to supply this. Since DOD would reques reimburse- ment for its support and there was insufficient time to obtai the necessary funding, ERDA conducted a limited ground survey of external r iation levels on Bikini and Eneu Islands in June 1975. The results of this urvey showed that the radiation of the interior of Bikini Island was too h h for further housing settlements and that future settlements on nearby Enel Island would minimize radiation exposures. Currently, the Bikini resettle] nt project is under review. A lawsuit, THE PEOPLE OF BIKINI, ET AL VS. SEAI NS, ETAL, CIVIL NO. 75-348 U.S.D.C. , D. Hawaii, alleges that the U.S. G ernment has not assessed properly the radiological conditions at Bikini a among other things, requests the court to order an aerial survey for Biki: comparable to that conducted at Enewetak. During negotiations with the : partment of Justice, the plaintiffs’ legal counsel recognized that the su eys and evaluation of radiological conditions at Bikini Atoll were no as cor.pre- hensive as more recent work at , and sought an , rial radiolo- gical survey of Bikini and the other northern Marshall Island

The merits of the aerial survey have been thoroughly discusse at staff levels between DOI, DOD, and DOE both before and after the in iation of the lawsuit. Briefings on the survey were provided to the Adl nistrator of ERDA, the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health and Envirl ment) , Lhe Department of the Interior, Office of Trust Territories, staf members of OtlB,and the Chairman of the CEQ. -3-

? After obtaining cost estimates for logistics support from the I and the technical program from ERDA, the Office of Management and 1 get (OMB) determined that the sutnreywould be conducted, and funds r reimbursement of DOD’s Logistics support were included in a DOI Y 78 supplement. DOE was directed to absorb the technical program c ts.

Although the U.I?.Trust Territory Agreement with the U.S. is e> cted to end soon, it is clear that the U.S. will continue to have a ta1 national interest in the northern Marshalls. Resettlement of E ini Island has suffered a setback due to radiation exposures signii antly exceeding acceptable standards, and the cond~tional nature undc which Enewetak is being resettled, and the need to continue followin~ he health of the Rongelapese, will require radiological monitoring f these people and their environment for the foreseeable future. The c ial . survey will be a major part of a standardized data base which t 1 provide information rieededfor evaluating any future claims for damage injury. It will contribute to the future monitoring program planned fo] ikini, Enewetak, and Rongelap atolls.

In addition to Enewetak, Bikini, and Rongelap Atolls, there ar~ leven other atolls or single islands that received intermediate range fallc from one or more of the megaton range tests. A number of these atolls = presently inhabited while others are used for food collection. During nl ear test operations, there was a limited monitoring program that did not rovide anywhere near the coverage that can be obtained with the currer aerial survey technology and instrumentation. In addition, there is 1 tle or no data on possible plutonium contamination outside of Bikini z Enewetak Atolls.

The proposed aerial survey uses the same equipment and procedu] which were successfully employed at Enewetak Atoll in 1972-1973. As cumented

—. -. -4-

in the lawsuit, the people of Bikini feel they have been shor changed because the U.S. conducted a highly visible, exhaustive radio ~gical survey of Enewetak. The Bikini portion of the aerial survey, :oupled with the previous and planned ground surveys, will go a long ~y toward making the Bikini data base comparable to that of Enewetak.

If the aerial survey of the northern Marshalls, including Bik ii, is not conducted, the U.S. Government would undoubtedly be precluded !rom settling the Bikini lawsuit out of court. While there is the expectation of a successful defense of this suit, there is considerable p :ential for adverse publicity deriving therefrom. The U.S. could also be :harged with not taking all prudent steps to assure that there were no ind ridual sources of radiological contamination on islands relea~ed frc U.S. custody.

--- - - TAB 3

SCOPE OF SURVEY

. . l@idi ULUu. -fi~ J... .-. . .- ...! . u.. 4 ..- N02Tt!EFU:}’ARSIIALLIS-AYDS

SCOPE OF SURVEY PROGRAM

The Radiological Survey program of the Northern Marshall 1s1 [dsk-ill

cover the following atolls and islands within the time frame f .July 1978 through December 1978.

No. of Islands 7 Atolls To Be Surveyed ~ al Area (ni.-) 1. Ailinginae 13 .93 2. Ai luk 12 1.72

3. Bikar 3 . 19 4. Bikini 15 3.00 5. Likiep 13 6. Rongelap 16 .52 7. Rongerik 8 .81

6. Taka 3 . 18 9. L’jelang 9 .60 10. L’tirik 3 1.27 - 11. Wotho , ~ 1.38 12. Jcmo Island’: 1 Unknown :“: 13. }lcjitIsland 1 Unknown

i’Theterm “Island” is used in this case to denote an isolate island that is not part of an atoll and does noc have a lagoon. k1 z

I 1 The Northern Marshall Islands Radiological Survey progr= ~r~ Uizational relationships are show on the chart below. . ~; /= =’

1 DEPARmj

—; , ~ ~ LOGISTICAL ~ TECHNICI ! TRUST TERRITORY ~ ~ SIJPPORT ~ RESPONSIBILITIES / j PROGRAM I I i -1- —1 —i I DIVISION OF t I OPERATIO AL I AND i ENVIRONM SAFETY (( I i i : PROGRAM ( IIDANCE -/ FEDER4L ~ ;EXCY COORDINA: 1 :ON

-- I — ___ -.

NEVADA 01 RATIONS : OFFICE (N ) ( ! I I TECHNICAL PROGRAM ADMINIsTR TION -— - —— -I—_ ._ .1 ;—— —+ —.-..___ ._,_- 1 LAWRENCE LIVERYORE ! EG&G : LABORATORY (LLL) I I 1 TECHNICAL ~ TECHNICAL DI~CT1ON I AERIAL Sm

:— —! - —1

--”w -4 NORTHERN MARSMALL ISLANDS .

ORGANIZATION

# 1

DOES/HQ

4 I

DOFJNV

r / 9 1

EG&G EG6G LLL Aerial Radiological Smwey Photo Survey Technical Director * , b I ORGANIZATION

Domv

The management of ~11 sumey operati~~ till be the responsi bility of

the NV Progras Manager or his designatedrepresentative. Th2

technical directors for the ?erreetrlaland Marine Programs, the

Aerial Radiological Sun?ey, and the Aerial Photo Sumey vill advilw

and support the NV Program Manager, and L& full authority a Id

responsibility for the teclmical plan.

The survey party f.eexpected to include representatives of:

1, Division of Operational & Environmental Safety (OM?S), D lE/HQ

2* DOE/NV

3. EG6G, Las Vegas, Nevada

4. LLL

5. EPA

6. B?X

7. Uofw

~. - —. RADTOLOCICAL SURt~Y PLAN FOR THE NORTIIEPLY:’ARSHALLISL4U$I)S

The Division of Operational and Environmental Safety (OZS) is onsible for coordina~ion with the Department of Interior and all Washi n level Federal agencies and officials and to provide the technical pz m guidance to the Nevada Operations Office.

The Nevada Operations Office is responsible for administering technical program and to assure the successful accomplishment of the obj ves of the program plan.

The technical direction of the sampling program will be carrie t by the Lawrence Livennore Laboratory (LLL) supported by personnel frc e following organizations, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)”,Universi f Washington, and Brookhaven National Laboratory. The technical effrrts of partici- pating organizations will be carried out as a cooperative effc tilizing the skills and resources of its individual members under the c tion of LLL. Members of these organizations will collect the necessa] mples and perform the necessary measurements. Samples will be CO1lC from “. atoll soil, water, plant life and food, adjacent marine waters d marine 137CS and terrestrial life. All samples will be analyzed for , r and the transuranics by wet chemical methods. The analysis of th~ pies will be undertaken by 3 , and .

The evaluation of the analytical data will be performed by th< ~bersof the participating organizations with the technical coordinatit of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. The ground radiological surve~ of certain atolls will be performed under the technical direction of the wrence Livennore Laboratory.

The aerial radiological surveys of the atolls will be perform by EG&G. The estimated time required for completion of the aerial oper: ons is 21 days. This period of time includes the time to move opera[ ns between atolls as well as to perform the surveys of each atoll but do~ not include the travel time to and from the Northern Marshall Islands.

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Due to the length of the sumey program, the technical persor nel will be rotated through three series to maintain maximum efficienc y and dedication of effort. ?ledicalpersonnel will be available at the atoll working areas to provide appropriate medical care of the DOE ~nd con- tractor staff.

1., = b -q_ _ _ ..--— - TERRESTRIAL PSUXRA?? MINI;;Lv;OpTION

The Terrestrial Program i.mmlvesgoing onto the inland% witlm back!!oeand samplingthe available terrestrial food products,

soil~ and existing water cisternsand ski.tinq WC1lS. Traxlsp~ of personnel to tie i.61anclswill be by helicopterwhen L}tew)~ cannotbe used. On hrqer i.slandsta jeep will be necessary~ relocate ge~, water baxced? and personnel. Transporting the from shi~ to island and from island to island will have to be plishod using the helicopter.

On the avcraqe~35 surface 60L1 samples and 50 ve~etation sa.tvPs will be ~llected at each atoll, requiringanalysis for 137CG 90s=, and the transuranicsof approximately 1,100 samples.

The assumptionthat there will be three well sites or cistern m t!!cinhabited atolla will require the anaLysisof an atidition,21 samplesto determinethe radlmuclide concentrations in waeer

A totalof seven personnelw1ll be required to mpport tkis p,

~ --- -— ?ezres”dhl Program -2-

PFOGRM COSTS .’

MI1:IFILTAOPTION *

Preparation and Equipment 28K

3 freezers 15 gallon barrels for water drying ovens food lockers freeze dryer land and watir saqplinqgear

Surfacesoil and vegetationsamplea 440.OX Water samples 8.5K Tot L 47G.5K

V..chadditional water sample will ~dc!0.41(tn the total. MAlmii PROGRAM MINIMLPfOPTION

A MarineProgram till inckde the collectionof a Sufficient

of reef fish ad marine invertebrates. Att~pt8 to collectP

speciestill be -de mlY when the *aler can safely en~= th

lagoons. As & minimm, at least two (2) representativere=f Iecies

cummonlyconsumedwill be collectedfrom five (5) atoll locat Ins at

each atoll. Five to ten largerPelagic specieswill be taken ‘mm

only two (2) atolls. Mater aimple6 till also be collectedin

conjunctionwith the fish. Concentrationfactorstill be Cm Ited

from the generateddata and compared to those alreadyavailab !

from Enewetak,Bikini, and K=jalein. Only water Wll be CO1 !cted

at the remainfng atone. With the computedconcentrationfac )rs,

the average fish concentrationsat the r-aining atolls can 1

asseosed. This procedurewill yield about 180-240separatef

samplesand approximately100 water s~ples requiring analysj

ftw ‘37CS, ‘OSr, and plut~i=.

Transportationto the island from the UHEEiLI?iGu*11 be by hcl :opcer

when the vhaler cannot be used. Three personnelfor each lel dll

be requiredto support the progrexn.

Reparatim and Equipment 3*5K

2 freezers

FZshing Gear

Inmilatedshipping containers

klytical Coet 150.OK

180-240 fish samples 4

-;

3’ TERREsTR’mL/w.mz PROGRAM

COST ESTIMATE MI?:INL?lOPTION

A mnaaz’y of the estimatedcosts for the program i6 6ho%n be w.

MarineProgram 15 SK

Terrestrialand Water Processing 47 SK

DislocationPay and Afr Tzavel at a rate 15 OK of 100K/10people for three =nths

ShippingCost 3 OK

ABee66rnent 10 OK — —

TotaI 92 OK

. ..s . ,

.,

AERIAL PHOTO LYD P~\DIOLOGICALSUR\%Y PP.OGW~ b

A. PHOTO }:1SS10S

Photographic coverage of all islandsof interestin the r:ort m

Marshalls is requixed for &ee purpose=: (1) deailed CO1O

fliqhtmaps of each island at specificscales for usc by the zdiz!tion

s-ey team, (2) specificdata analysisto pzovide a variety E

infomtion abut the Lsl,nds,and (3) underlays for t!!erad tion

data.

CXwerage will be obtained using presant photographicquipme

operatedfor the M)E by EG6G. This ~uipmcnt is calibrated d

adjustedfor optimum perfommce ti obtain tigerY suitable r

analysispurposesas well as the production of photographic ints.

The photomission will be flown~ usiny an EC-121 providc~ b~ he

PacificMissile Test Center baged out Of Kwajclein. Some fj

processingwill be ac@mplished while at lCwajelcinutilizin: he

photo lab operatedby ~N. The film proccssinqof imq :# !&>/;L obtained for scientificpurposes““- be processedunder cc rolled

conditionsby iX%G in Las vegas~ Nevada.

Seven EmG personnel are requi-d to Swprt the ~=ion *A AERIAL PHOTOAYD RADIOLOGICALSURVEYPROGM.N

B. RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY The Aerial Radiation Su~eyS till be carried out by means of t

helicoptersSH-3G’S which till fly multiplemissions from the ●4 USS KEEELINCstationnear the atoll or h the lasoonswhen pos e.

EG&C uill supply the scientificflight crews and technicalsup

personnel to operate and maintain the radiation measuringand

positionmeasuringequipment.

The aerialradiationsu=ey employs large arrays of NaI(Tl) si latlon

detectorsmounted on a helicopterplatfom. Gamma radiationd, is

accumulatedcontinuouslyin A 300-channelmultichannelanalyze d

recordedon magnetic tape once each second. Position Informat

obtainedfrom a mlcrwave ranging eystem and a radar altimeter

also recordedon magnetic tape each second. The aircrafc i6 f

at an altitudeof 100’ on line spacingof 200’,

Durtng the data reductionphase, radiation and positiondara a

correlatedon a,second-by-secondbasis ald proce6sedin the fo

radiationcontoursoverlayedon aerial photographs. The rac?ia

data are processedto provide total gamma ray acposurerate an 241h 137CB and 60 selectedisotope (e.g., s s Co) concentrntim I ours●

A total of nine (9) persomml till be required to support the e

programfor each series, . .

AEP.ML PHOTO AND IL4DIOLOGICALSURVEYPROG~ LOGISTIC SUPPORT

The NorthernXarshall Island Surveywill be conductedin two eparate -

phaoes--thephotographicsuzwey and the AerialRadiological:

The Navy ProjectManager for coordfnatiouand ●xecutionaf T)C

responsibilities for rendering logistics support to this Gum y in

conmander, Pacific Mfseile Test Center,Pt. Magu, California.

The photographicsu=ey of eleven (11) atol16 and two (2) isl ~ds

td.11be accomplished utilizings Departmentof Navy EC-121 ai :raft.

The platformhas been specificallyconfiguredto receiveS)OE-rovided

high resolutionand infra-red capabJe camerae,plus addiciona

peripheral6upportequipment.

The aircraftwill be based out of Kwajalein and dH be requl cd

to fly 10-12 hours a day for apprnxfmately21 days. This inc J&M

con:insencleefor weather and aircraftdown ti~. #

Utilizingdata gathered from the foregofngphotographic suwe

an Aerial RadiologicalSurvey till be conductedof the s~e a

and islandsby mesas of two SH-3G hel~coptersequippedwith E

provided radfat~ondetectfon and recordfng tnstrumentatton. he

helicoptersvLI1 normally operate from the USNS UF?EELINC, a h 9e

support ship which will, In addition,provide a wide range of logistic

supportfor the terrestrialand Marine Frograms. . . .

LOGISTICSUPPORT -2-

Thc currentplan establishes the need for 77 deya on~catiol and

57 days in transit,includingtr8nsit8to port fd’r’loglstid~

replenishmentand reprovisloningor some reauonab~& Cmbinai on

thereof. It is estimated that556 total flight hours will 1 required

for the SH-3G helicopter,which till include fllght hours fc pre- deploymenttraining, transportingpersonneland ●quipmentat ore. and for other adtninietrativepurposes aa required.

The requirement for berthingon the USNS WHEELINGwhile on t ● ✎ enxnreyto au followe:

%litary SealiftC~nd 62 PACMISTESTCIZN 22 EC-1 24 DOE Mix&mum 27 Further TechnicalSupport 13 Total l=

1-

. ..- . .

RADIOLOGICALSURVEYPLAN FOR THE NORTHEPJMARSHALLISIANDS

SCHEDULE

& A. 24 AuG-6 SEPT Load and installg=r at ort Meneme.

B. 7 SEPT USSS WHEELING departs fo! Pearl. Two techniciansfrom EGA[ will be aboard.

c. 12 SEPT Anive Pe8rl; logi9tics( uipment repair if neee88ary.

r). 14 SEPT DepartPearl, earouteKv alein: two EC6G techniciansabo d,

E. 20 SEPT Arrive”Kvajalein-log16t s; embark DOE suney party, equlpm ,tcheck.

F. 22 SEPT Start Series I.

G. 16 OCT Arrive KvajaleLn;die=b kDOE “- sumey crew. Survey cre prepares for return to U.S. WHEEL ICdeparts for GU81Z10RiStiC6=n.

F!. 31 0(3’ Arrive Kwajalein;mbark )OE aumey crev. DepartKwajalein )r Series 11.

1. 26 !?OV Arrive K&ajalein;diaemk ;k Dot sumey crew. Sumey cre prepares for returnto u.S. WEE INGdeparts for Guaa logisticsnn.

J. 10 WC Arrive Kvajalein:embark crew. Depart Kvajalein XII.

K. 5 JAN Arr%ve Enewetak;disemb: K lm sumey crev. Su=eY cr~ prepares for return to U.S. UlT3 XC departs for Kvajalein.

L. 18 JAN UHEEIJ3W arrivesPort HI nemc. Equipent off-load. . .

RADIOLOGICALSLV?\’EYPLAN FOR THE . NORlHEiC?4!4ARS’HALLISLN:I)S

s SERIES SCHEDULE

AU equipmentloadedat Port HueneM or Honolulu. Equip=entchc Fwuin lnq formed whileship enroute to ICvajaleinfmm Honolulu.

a~rt will board U.S. ~ING at Najalein dthcr at port or

tha SH-3 Helos that are aboard the Ship, whicheveX M pre~ez%vu

1ST SERIES

day travelto Rongelap(20 hrs. travel)

day6 suvey Rmgelap

day pack and depart for BikLn3 (20 hrs. trave;

days awey Bikini

day pack and depert’forWotho (16hrs. travel

days swvey Wotho

‘Cl) day pack and depar: for Kwajalein (16hrz. Lr 27 DAYS

Crew change and off load samples at Kwajalein*

am SSRIES

1 day travel to Af.linginae (16 hrs. travel)

\ 5 diayn aatmey tillnginae

!1) 1 day paok and depart for Rongerik (10 hrz. tra

5 days suzwey Rongerik

.1 day PaCk and depart foz Bikar (1S hrs. travel . . 3 days survey Bi3ar

1 day pack and depart for Utirik (7 hrs. travel ‘1 0 . SERIESSCHEDULE

-2-

d:ys 6HOY Utirik

days s-ey Taka (includespacking and tiavel)

day travel to Wajalcin

nAYs

Crew chmge at Kwajaleh.

3RD SERIES

1 day tsavel to Ail.uk

6 days sunmy tiluk

lf2 day gad and depart for Mejit

1 day su=ey Mejit

1 day pack and depart for Jemo

1 day s~ey Jemo

42 day pack and depart for Likiep

7 days stwey Likiep

2 days pack and depart for Ujelang (2 days travel

s days survey Ujelang

1 day pack and depzmt for EneweMc (16hrs. travc }

sum WMPIJ2ZZ

26 DAYS

27 l.s~SERIES

24 2NQ SERXES

~3RD SERIES

. .—.—_.. . .

SERIES SCHEDULE

SERIES 1 ;OLL 1. Rongelap

2. Bikini

3. Wocho Returnto Kwajalein

SERIES 2 4. Ailinginae 5. Rongerik 6. Bikar 7. Utirik 8. Taka Return to Kvajalein

SERIES 3

9. Ailuk 10. Xejic 11. Jemo 12. Likiep 13. Ujelang Complete series at Enewetak .. . . .——

.

l,’ . NORTIIERN NARSHALL ISLANDS

1ST SERIES “27 DAYS BIKAR o

UTIRIK BIKINI RONGERIK TAKAq u ENEW5’CTAK o * -“ /6 IRS iILUK /DAY MEJ!T o I JEMO 4 o 4 DAY5 I LIKIEP ‘woTt10 $ J I R) ~ KWAJALEIN wOTJE /6 W? UJAE e UJEIANG LAE” “ ERIKUB Q~ “R Q“ I ~ ,,! I

NORTHERN fwwwL ISLANDS .

.2ND SERIES 3mvs 24 DAYS 131KAR

/--? 15MRS tfi%RYK 7~R5 BIKINI 5 DAYS .. ROA)GELAP RONGERIK ENEWETAK TAKA ‘wJ 2 DAYS .’ 5 DAYS a AILIINGINAE c? O# /0WJs AfLUK 1DAY MEJIT ~/ n 16M2S JEMO v o t) WOTHO \ /’” LIKIEP

\

UJ~LANG

‘bb

. . KILI o . —— —

b W

z -i I q\ . .

T 14

MILESTONECHART

.~ :. . -. ... 7

0 1

I 1 —

.

,- “4 Phase-up

Shipyard

Prefl{>plo}w.elltws=l:-up,Prep for OVOrS . Depzrt I’ortHuencr,e

Arrive Eono - pea~l

log rLm to Guam - fUC?l and provisio.~~

Series III

Phase down

1 Helo plus 1+ cre:.fpersonnel fur check traininq

Mar&ball Island sur’?ey

EC-121 photo mdifications/check out . EC-’121photo mission I’__.....___ ,., , .

TAB 5

AGENCYASSIGNMENTS

‘+----oF- ~w-afwwwwswwwww3 ., . P9m9qFm .- ---- . .

RADIOLOGICAL SUR\’EYP14N FOR THE NOI?II!EF;:;’ARSHALLISLANDS

ACIXCY ASSIGL?!E:;IS

A. Department of Interior (DOI )

1. Grants authority ~or the conduct of the Northern P ~rshalls

Radiological Survey to the Department of Energy.

2. Assures that the Trust Territory and Marshal? Ijla lds

Administrations and other appropriate agencies o r organizations

are aware of the responsibilities and guidel ,nes o’ the survey.

B. Department of Defense (DOD)

The Department of Defense has designated the Departrrienl of the

Navy as the executive agent for the coordination and e>ecution

of the responsibilities in rendering the required 10gistical

support to the Department of Energy.

c. Department of Energy (DOE)

1. Responsible for the conduct of the technical progral to

assess the radiological condition of the ic!entified atolls

and environment.

2. Prepare a final report on the radiological cond itior of

the atolls and their environment. ,’ .4 . MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN

DEPARTMENT OF THE tJAVY DEPARTMENT OF EtiERGY AND DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Subj : Logistics support for an Aerial Radiologi ,1 Survey

of the Northern Marshall Islands

Ref: (a) Memorandum of Agreement between Comma ,er, Military Sealift command and Commander, Pacifi Missile Test

Center dated 13 Sept/1977/20 Ott 1971

(b) COMSCPAC/COWMTC RIS Operations Orde~ J02-YR

1. \BACKGROUND. In June 1977, the Secretary of

designated the Department of the Navy (DON) as I

Agent for the coordination and execution of DOD

for rendering logistics support to an Aerial Rac

of the Northern Marshall Islands with the under

costs incurred by Navy are to be on a reimbursa~

technical direction of the survey will be the r

of the Department of Energy (DOE). Funds have

by the Congress to the Deparhent of the Interi

reimbursement of the logistics support that wil

2. PARTIES TO THE AGREEMENT.

a. Department of the Navy, represented by ie Chief

Naval Operations (OP-04).

. . # .

“. . “..

Operations b. Department of Energy, represented by Neva office, Las Vegas, Nevada (~oo] c the Office c. Depar~ent of the Interior, represented b A of Territorial Affairs (OTA/DOI).

‘cement (MOA) 3. TERMS OF THE AGREEMENT. This Memorandm of A ,tory of the will become effective when signed by the last sig the completion parties to the MOA and will remain in effect unti

of the subject project. .ogical Survey a. For cost purposes, completion of the Radj ; (TAGM-8) to is construed to include return of the USNS WHEEL: ion of .phase- its assigned CONUS West Coast homeport and complf , as may be down to Reduced Operating Status (ROS), or earlit other arties tO determined by the DON and agreed to by the

, $ this MOA. y intended b. DON will receive timely notification of hat would change in the conduct of the Radiological Survey duly amended significantly alter the scope of this original o \ MOA . ,greement of c. This MOA may be terminated by the mutual ;ten notice all three pa’rtiesto the MOA~ ‘r ‘pon 30 ‘ays m

by any single party to the other two parties. :eed to by d. This FIOA may be modified or amended as z

the several parties to the MOA.

il Survey 4. CONCEPT OF OFE~TIONS. The Aerial Iladiolog~ Sses. The will be conducted k two separate and distinct ] ——...— — .- — .—

.

Navy Project Manager for coordination and exec~ m of DOD

responsibilities for rendering logistics suppo] Lo this

survey is Commander, Pacific Missile Test Cent[ Pt. Mugu,

California. a. PHASE I. Initially, a photographic SU: y of eleven’

(11) atolls and two (2) islands in the Northen ~rshall Islands will be accomplished utilizing a DON E( 21 aircraft.

This platform has been specially configured to ceive DOE-

provided high resolution and infra-red capable meras, plus additional peripheral support equipment.

(1) Phase I will be accomplished uncle he operational direction of the Prnject Ylnager (CO.MPMTC),in cordance with the technical direction and advice of the on-s DOE repre-

sentative and the terms of this MOA.

(2) COMPMTC will promulgate an appro~ ~te Operations

Order for the accomplishment of the Phase I mj Lon.

b. PHASE II. Utilizing data gathered frc) the foregoing 1 photographic survey, an Aerial Radiological t rey of eleven

(11) atolls and two (2) islands will be COnduc 1 by means of

SH-3G helicopters equipped with DOE-provided : Lation detectior,

and recording instrumentation. The helicopte: Fill normally

operate from USNS WHEELING (TAGX-8), a base s srt ship which tics support. will, in addition, provide a %-iderange of lo’

Flying relatively precise tracks at specified titudes and . air speeds, data collected will reduce result in

●

3 * & I ..

,

the radiological documentation and characteriz~ ion of the ‘n . eleven [11) atolls and two (2) islands in the I rthern Marshalls, for later use as deemed appropriate y DOE and DOI in on-going rehabilitation and resettlement programs,

“(l) Operations of’USNS WHEELIIJG (TAGM. ) will generally be in accordance with reference (a) a ~ this MOA. Should there be a conflict as a result of.condu king oper- ations in accordance with these two source docu ants, the provisions of reference (a) will apply while c1 reification and resolution is sought by the Project Manager

(2) The project Manager will promulgat an appro- priate Operations Order in support of this MOA, ;ubject.to

to approval by cognizant major DON operational mmanders .-.. ; ~ (COMSCpAC and COMNAVAIRPAC). J

5. SCOPE OF THE AGREEMENT.

a. This MOA will apply to all DON, DOE and 101 resources

assigned by the several parties to prepare for, :ndertake anti

complete the Aerial Radiological Survey of the 1 lrthern Mar-

shall Islands. For the purposes of more precis[ y def~ni.ng

the dimensions of the logistics support package he DON

anticipates providing to DOE, and to facilitate stablishing

accurate cost estimates for planning purposes, 1 is MOA will be bounded as outlined herein.

b. Phase I of survey operations will consis of aerial

photographic missions of areas of interest to b~ defined by ., . ] i

4 — —.. -— . ..— .

DOE . This phase will be limited to 300 EC-121 fl ~ht hours

including transits to and from the survey site. c* Phase II of the survey will be accomplish 1 by deploy-

ing the designated base support ship, USNS WHEELI’ ; (TAGM-8), with embarked SH-3G helicopter detachment, techni L1 and suppcrt l~rent plan is personnel to the Northern Marshall Islands. The to limit USNS WHEELING (TAGM-8) to 77 days on sta ion and 57 days in transit including transits to port for 10 istics

replenistient and reprovisioning or some reasonab 2 combination thereof. While on station, a twelve-hour workin~ ~ay is agresd to, recognizing the resulting additional overttic costs . The

ited tO.556 Iladiological Survey as planned will be further lj

total flight hours for khe assigned SH-3G helico~ ers including

those flight hours provided for predeplopent trz ning, tzar.s- ,eradminis- porting personnel and equipment ashore and for o< trative purposes as required. Upward adjustment: to the fore- .re formal going limitations amounting to over 10% will req amendment of the MOA.

d. Appendix I is an overview of the three ( series (A, Ltute Phase 11 B and C) of radiological missions that will cons ~dule for the of the survey. At Appendix II is a framework sc

complete survey (phases I and II) c

DON, DOE an DOI resources 6. SURVZY TASK GROUP ORGANIZATION. al Survey will dedicated to the accomplistient of the Radiologi be organized into a Survey Task Group as follows .

9 t .

a. Project Manager. COMPMTC was designate Project Manager for the subject survey in CNO msg O1OOC Z APR ?8

and will continue in this capacity through proj :t completion,

coordinating and providing, on behalf of DON, a 1 logistics support required by DOE for the accoxnplishimentE survey objectives.

b. Aerial Photographic Task Element. The Eficer in Charge of the EC-121 aircraft detachment will r ~ort for

operational conk-ol directly to the Project Man 3er fcr the conduct of Phase I of the survey, and will func ion as t!!e primary point of contact for the DOE Technical apresentative

having technical direction responsibilities for the conduct of Phase I of the survey.

. c* Aerial Radiological Task Elenent. This will accomplish phase II of the survey utilizin

(TAGM-8), assigned helicopters and associated s and equipment.

(1) Logistics Sugpo:t Task Ccrmnander. Marked in

USNS WHEELING (TAGX-8) will be a Logistics Supp

mender (LSTC) who will function as the primary

for the DOE representative exercising technical

sibility for the conduct of Phase II of the sur ~Y“ The ‘“---J.. will have overall operational control and manag nent res?z:-

sibility for DON provided logistics support. E will channel survey logistic’s support requirer . LSTC who will then.coordinate the mutual effort of ‘be -.* 6 I .

usNs WEELING (TAGM-8), the OINC of the helicop er detachment

and the DOE survey representative. The LSTC is further de- ‘., signated as the Sponsor Designated Representati ~ (SDR) as ,

defined in reference (a). 4 (2) PMTC Technical Representative. Th Project

Manager will designate an embarked PMTC Technic, L Representative who will act as primary advisor to the LSTC on >gistics support

matters. In the event that DON does not assign i Navy Officer

to the LSTC billet, the PMTC Technical Represen Itive will

assume the functions and responsibilities of th~ LSTC/SDR. (3) Master, USNS WWEELIIIG (TAGM-8). T]T shipls Master will have absolute authority and responsibility ~or the safety of his ship and embarked personnel as prescribe

(a) while responding to the operational request: and recom~=nda-..b.- tions of the embarked LSTC/SDR.

(4) Officer in Charge, HC-I Detachment, The embarked

helicopter detachment Officer in Charge will ha~ > absolute

authority and responsibility for all matters re~

operations, particularly safety of flight, whilt responding t3 the operational requests and recommendations of :he LSTC. Operation of assigned helicopters will be in acc >rdance with

appropriate directives to be provided by the pal mt helicopter

squadron commander. Administrative control and ~rocedural

matters regarding NATOPS and maintenance remain the parent helicopter squadron commander. . .

.-. (5) Survey Project Field Director. A E employee,

embarked in USNS WHEELING, will be designated t: DOE Survey

Project Field Director (SPFD) and will have res: risibility

for on-site technical direction of the survey. e will

direct the efforts of all DOE and DOE contracto: personnel and will make requests for Navy-provided logist s support . from the LSTC. He will be responsible to the d ignated DOE Survey Project Manager (at NVOO) for the survey esults. To this end, the SPFD will develop detailed survey ork plans

in coordination through the LSTC. He shall be sponsible

for determining requirements for helo lift, sup rt ashore,

duration of stay at each location, and other re irements

affecting mission performance, all within an ag ed ovexall

resource availability. d. A diagram of organizational relations i at Appendix 111

7. EMPLOYIWENTAND OPERATION OF USNS WHEELING (

CONSCPAC, on behalf of CONSC, will operate USN:

(TAG3!-8)in accordance with reference (a), cur~ Lt directives 1 , and U.S. Navy Regulations. Sponsor/Operatoz rc !tionships

will be as defined in reference (b).

8. RADIOLOGIC7& SAFETY, HEALTiiA}JDDECONTHiIN2 ION . The DOS

will assume primary responsibility for all matl rs pertaining

to radiological safety, health and, where requ ed, radio lcgica i decontamination. a. DOE will monitor all ra~iological haza s and safety

/ , __ -,__ -,— . # ,.

and provide adequate to ensure the F )tection of

embarked personnel as prescribed in NAVMED P-5 ;5 (Radiation Health Protection Manual).

. b. DOE will assume responsibility for saf [uarding all

radioactive material stored aboard USNS WHEELI ; (TAGM-8) O;

transported in assigned helicopters and will p Iperly dispose

of such material upon completion of the skvey Iperation.

c. DOE will assume all responsibilities f ~ determining

radiological decontamination requirements and .e executior. of decontamination measures where required.

9. SU~~ORT1~G SE~\~lCES, S~PPLy s~pp~~~, ~~~~~ ATION ,

ALTERATION AND PZPAIRS will be as prescribed h ein: - a. The supporting services, supply supper Inoc?ifi-caticnr alteration and repair of USNS WHEELING (TAGM-8

defined in reference (a).

b. Supporting services, supply support, m .ification,

alteration and repair for embarked helicopters hall be

defined by the parerrthelicopter squadron comm ,der.

c. Modifications, alterations, and repair to USNS

WHEELING (TAGM-S) to prepare for deplo~ent an return to

ROS will be defined by COl”!SC/COllPMTC.

d. DON will be reimbursed by DOI for all ,rvey-related

modifications, alterations, repairs and ship p paration

costs associated with preparing t operating and basing

WHEELING (TAGM-8) down to ROS. .

. n -. z ,.- - 10. FUNDIIJG’OF LOGISTICS SUPPORT.

a. General. The net additional costs oj logistics support provided by the DON for the accomplish nent of the Aerial Radiological Survey of the Northern Mar shall Islands will be fully reimbursed from funds appropriate :d to DOI. Accordingly, such support must be tailored to :he avail- ability of these funds to avoid cost overruns. Logistics support addressed herein refers only to those : esources provided by the DON, and is exclusive of any o her resources that may be provided in support of the survey 1 Y any other agency.

b. Application of Funds and Billing. The DON w~l-1 be solely responsible for the application of DOI f Jnds to -the expenses incurred in providing DON logistics su I qport for the project. All subordinate DON elements incurrir 7 COSts that will be reimbursed by DOI funds will maintain a complete accounting thereof and will forward billings th !refcr to the Chief of Naval Operations on a monthly basis. ~o”nsclidated billings for these costs will be made monthly b ‘ the DON to the DOI on a Standard Form 1080, and accompanied by a DON notification of the cumulative application of r sources.

.

. 10 —=-’——F—— -— ~- I .

APPENDIX I

.,’ OVERVIEW OF ~DIOLOGICAL SURVEY SCEZDUI ;

DAYS 1. SURVEY SERIES A

a. Depart Kwajalein enroute 1 Ailinginae Atol J. (16 hrs transit)

b. Survey Ops 5 c. Load-out and enroute Bikini 1 (6 hrs transit)

d. Survey Ops Bikini Atoll 12

e. Load-out and enroute 1 (16 hrs transit)

f. Survey Ops Wotho Atoll 4

9* Load-out and enroute Kwajalein for 1- DOE crew change and reprovisioning

Sub-Total 25

2. SURVEY SERIES B

a. Depart Kwajalein enroute 1 (20 hrs transit)

b. Survey Ops Rongelap Atoll 7

c. Load-out and enroute Ronqerik Atoll 1 (6 hrs transit) -

d. Survey Ops 5

e. Load-out and enroute 1 (15 hrs transit)

f. Survey Ops Bikar Atoll 3

9* Load-out and enroute 1 (7 hrs transit)

he Survey Ops Utirik Atoll 4 .

\

● d .

DAYS SURVEY SERIES B continued

i. Survey Ops Taka Atoll 2

i Load-out and enroute Kwajalein for DOE crew change and reprovisioning _&

, Sub-Total 26

3. SURVEY SERIES C

a. Depart Kw’ajaleinenroute (12 hrs transit) 1 b. Survey Ops Ailuk 6 c. Load-out and enroute Mejit Island (3 hrs transit)

d. Survey Ops Mejit Island 1 e. Load-out and enroute (6 hrs transit) 1- f. Survey Ops JerrtoIsland

9* Load-out and enroute Li.kiep Atoll (3 hrs transit) h. Survey Ops 7 i. Load-out and enroute (2 days transit) 2

j. Survey Ops Ujelang Atoll 5 k. Load-out and enroute Enewetak (16 hrs transit) 1

Sub-Total 26 4. SURVEY SU~.~.l\Ry

a. Series A 25 b. Series B 26 c. Series c . 26 . Total Survey Days “77

2 ●

—. .4 .

APPENDIX II

AERIAL RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY NORTHERN MARSHALL ISLANDS

FRAMEWORK SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETS SURVEY

1. PHASE I: EC-121 Photographic Survey

a. 24 July - 24 Sept 1978

2. PHASE II: Radiological Survey utilizing us: ) WHEELING

(TAGM-8) and three (3) SH-3G helicopters:

DATE (S) EVENT

a. 10 Apr 23 May 1978 Phase Up of WHE .ING (ROS to FC:

b. 24 May 04 Jun Preparations fo Overhaul

c. 05 Jun 03 Aug Shipyard ~verha .

d. 04 Aug 06 Sept Pre-deployment >rkup; Prepare for Ove seas Ma-vement

e. 07 Sept Deploy from Por Hueneme; enroute Pearl

f. 12 Sept Iwrive Pearl; L 3istics

9* 14 Sept Depart Pearl; e route Kwajaleir.

h. 20 Sept Arrive Kwajalei ;“Logistics; Disembark 1 SH- 2 and 10-nan HC-1 Det; Embax DOE Survey Party; Equipmer checkout

i. . 22 Sept Depart Kwajalei for Survey Series A; 25 da s ; Disembark i 16 Ott Arrive Kwajalei DOE Survey Part

k. 16 Ott Depart Kwajalei enroute Guam

1. 23 Ott Arrive Guam; r~ uel and reprovision .

● ““———T -‘-- -if) 4 .

. , . . APPENDIx II

AERIAL RADIOLOGIC~ SURVEY I NORTHERN ffiRSHALL ISLANDS FRAMEWORX SCHEDULE FOR COMPLETE SURV Y

DATE (S) EVENT . In. 25 Ott Depart Guam; en:oute Kwajaiein

n. 31 Ott Arrive Kwajalei] ; Embark DOE Survey Party

o. 31 Ott Depart Kwajaleil for Survey Series B; 26 da~s

P* 26 NOV Arrive Kwajaleix ; Disembark DOE Survey Part~

q= 26 NOV Depart Kwajaleir ; enroute Guam r. Dec 02 Arrive Guam; rej Jel and - reprovision

s. 04 Dec Depart Guam; enz >ute Kwa]alein

t. 10 Dec Depart Kwajaleir for Survey Series C; 26 da~ s

u. OS Jan 1979 Arrive Kwajaleir ; Disembark DOE Survey Party

v. 05 Jan Depart Kwa]aleir :“enroute Pearl

w. 11 Jan Arrive Pearl; Lc ~istics

x. 12 Jan Depart Pearl; er :oute Port Hueneme

Y“ 18 Jan Arrive Port Huen Phasedown

z. 02 Feb WHEELING returne i to ROS

. .

2

%-l 4B6

PUBLIC INFORMATION

-. i7

FUNDING

L - SUMMARY OF COSTS

NORIHERN MARSHALLISULNDS WIO~GICAL SURVEY

TOTAL K $ (~ 78 and Ff 79)

1. AERIAL PHOTO MISSIONS AND RADIOLOGICALSURVEYS 989.1 BY EG&G (189)

2. GROUND AND SEA

TerrestrialProgr=* 477. Marine Progrm* 154. Dislocationpay and air travel 150. Shippingcosts 35. 100. Assessment F

3. CONTRACTORS

BrookhavenNational Lab (189) 78 Univ. of Washington . EnvironmentalProtectionAgency

4. CONTINGENCY at (?)%

*Min~m~ ODtion COStS

TerrestrialRange = 477K to 800K Marine Range = 1S4K to 700K Reference: LLL Letter of April 24, 1978

..:------. ✎ ● ✍

-+. ● ✎

QUESmONS AND CC14MENTS- SUMMARY OF COSTS

NORliLE~ MARSHALL ISI.ANDSIUD1OWGICAL SURVEY

1. AERIAL - None

2. GRO~ & SEA

Terrestrial

. Ground monitoring sumeys are not included. ke studies are not Soil profile samples,necessaryfor plant up includedin the minimm figure. ;luded. . Personnelsalariesare not stated as being i

Marine

. Persomel salaries are not included.

3. CON17UiC~K whether - BNL 189 received and costs shin. It is not km n for terrestrial. BNL costs are factoredinto the LLL est~tes sh red’? NO costs Is whole body countingof the No. Marshallesede are shown.

It iS f30t 189’s not available for Univ. of Wash. ,.and EPA. ,L estimates for known k+ether their costs are factored Into the ‘tTerrestrial”and ‘Tlarine”.

4. CONTINGENCY :restrial” and Since only the minimm options are listed for the ‘“ ~tionsof these ‘Marine”progr=s, the possibility exists for modif: costs in the upward direction.

Have all salary costs been included?

Have all analyticalcosts been included?

FY 1980 COSTS ~ tO continue In view of past experience,fundstill be neces Approximately3C , should be budgeted sample analysis into FY 1980. for this period. teen included? Have all costs for the final report preparation

.- . -. ✎ ✎ ●

. ,.-—..r- -.. .~-. .—

4<.

E 8

.

APPENDIX 1

FALLOUTFROM PACIFIC TESTS FALLOUT PATTERN-BMVO EVENT 1954 FALLOUTFROM PACIFICTESTS

ATOLLS IN LoCATION DATE EVENTS FALLOUT~ EWTAK 5/48 ~ AILINGINAE SANDSTONE-ZEBU BIKINI 2/54 CASTLE-BRAVO BIKINI 4/54 CASTLE-UNION BIKINI 5/54 CASTLE-YANKEE 6/58 HARDTACK-~LE BIKINI 2/54 CASTLE-B~VO BIKIN1 AILUK BIKINI 2/54 CASTLE-BRAVO 5154 BIM CASTLE-YANKEE BIKINI

ALL BIKINI EVENTS BIKINI 2/54 cAsT’LE-BRAvo BIKINI LIKIEP 5/48 ENEWETAK SANDSTONE-ZEBU RONGE~ BIKINI 2/54 - CAsTLE-B~vo BIKIN1 4/54 cAsTLE-UNIoN 5/54 CASTU-Y~EE BIKINI ENEWET~ 5/48 RONGERIK SANDSTONE-ZEBM 2/54 CASTLE-B~VO BIKINI BIKINI 4/54 CASTLE-UNION 5/54 CASTLE-YAllEE BIKINI 2/54 CASTLE-B~VO BIKINI TAKA ENEWETAK 11152 IVY-KING uJELANG ENEWETAK 5/58 HARDTACK-MAGNOLIA 2/54 CASTLE-B~VO BIKINI uTIRIK BIKINI 2/54 CASTLE-BUVO 6/58 WOTHO KARDTACK-W’LE BIKINI BIKINI 2/54 J~O ISLAND* cAsTLE-BRAvo 2/54 CASTLE-BRAvo BIKINI MEJIT WAND* d island that denote an isolat *The term “Island” is used in this case to lagoon. is not part of an atoll and does not have a 4

.

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\

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0 &

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——— cd