Femur Pelvis HIP JOINT Femoral Head in Acetabulum Acetabular

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Femur Pelvis HIP JOINT Femoral Head in Acetabulum Acetabular

Anatomy of the Hip Joint Overview The hip joint is one of the largest weight-bearing HIP JOINT joints in the body. This ball-and-socket joint allows the leg to move and rotate while keeping the body Femoral head in stable and balanced. Let's take a closer look at the acetabulum main parts of the hip joint's anatomy. Pelvis Bones Two bones meet at the hip joint, the femur and the pelvis. The femur, commonly called the "thighbone," is the longest and heaviest bone of the body. At the top of the femur, positioned on the femoral neck, is the femoral head. This is the "ball" of the hip joint. The other part of the joint – the Femur "socket" – is found in the pelvis. The pelvis is a bone made of three sections: the ilium, the ischium and the pubis. The socket is located where these three sections fuse. The proper name of the socket is the "acetabulum." The head of the femur fits tightly into this cup-shaped cavity. Articular Cartilage The femoral head and the acetabulum are covered Acetabular with a layer of articular cartilage. This tough, smooth tissue protects the bones. It allows them to labrum glide smoothly against each other as the ball moves in the socket. Soft Tissues Several soft tissue structures work together to hold the femoral head securely in place. The acetabulum is surrounded by a ring of cartilage called the "acetabular labrum." This deepens the socket and helps keep the ball from slipping out of alignment. It also acts as a shock absorber. The ligament of the head of the femur anchors the ball to the socket. And the entire joint is wrapped within three large femoral ligaments. Conclusion The hip joints are versatile joints. They support your body while allowing you to perform a wide range of Femoral activities. Because the hip joints bear such a heavy load, they are vulnerable to injury and to ligaments osteoarthritis. www.viewmedica.com © 2015 Swarm Interactive. Unauthorized duplication is strictly forbidden..

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment Using 'Iliac Pillar' Screw for Isolated
European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (2019) 45:213–219 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1046-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Minimally invasive surgical treatment using ‘iliac pillar’ screw for isolated iliac wing fractures in geriatric patients: a new challenge Weon‑Yoo Kim1,2 · Se‑Won Lee1,3 · Ki‑Won Kim1,3 · Soon‑Yong Kwon1,4 · Yeon‑Ho Choi5 Received: 1 May 2018 / Accepted: 29 October 2018 / Published online: 1 November 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract Purpose There have been no prior case series of isolated iliac wing fracture (IIWF) due to low-energy trauma in geriatric patients in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of IIWF in geriatric patients, and to pre- sent a case series of IIWF in geriatric patients who underwent our minimally invasive screw fixation technique named ‘iliac pillar screw fixation’. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed six geriatric patients over 65 years old who had isolated iliac wing fracture treated with minimally invasive screw fixation technique between January 2006 and April 2016. Results Six geriatric patients received iliac pillar screw fixation for acute IIWFs. The incidence of IIWFs was approximately 3.5% of geriatric patients with any pelvic bone fractures. The main fracture line exists in common; it extends from a point between the anterosuperior iliac spine and the anteroinferior iliac spine to a point located at the dorsal 1/3 of the iliac crest whether fracture was comminuted or not. Regarding the Koval walking ability, patients who underwent iliac pillar screw fixation technique tended to regain their pre-injury walking including one patient in a previously bedridden state.
[Show full text]
Blount, Anteversion and Torsion: What's It All About?
Blount, Anteversion and Torsion: What’s it all about? Arthur B. Meyers, MD Assistant Professor of Radiology Children’s Hospital of WisConsin/ MediCal College of WisConsin Disclosures • Author for Amirsys/Elsevier, reCeiving royalGes Lower Extremity Alignment in Children • Lower extremity rotaGon – Femoral version / Gbial torsion – Normal values & CliniCal indiCaGons – Imaging • Blount disease – Physiologic bowing – Blount disease Lower Extremity RotaGonal Alignment Primarily determined by: 1. Femoral version 2. Tibial torsion 3. PosiGon of the foot Rosenfeld SB. Approach to the Child with in-toeing. Up-to-date. 2/2014 Lower Extremity RotaGonal Alignment Primarily determined by: 1. Femoral version 2. Tibial torsion 3. PosiGon of the foot Rosenfeld SB. Approach to the Child with in-toeing. Up-to-date. 2/2014 Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long axis of the femur (posterior Condylar axis of the distal femur) Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long axis of the femur (posterior Condylar axis of the distal femur) Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long axis of the femur (posterior Condylar axis of the distal femur) Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long axis of the femur (posterior Condylar axis of the distal femur) Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long axis of the femur (posterior Condylar axis of the distal femur) Femoral Version The rotaGon of the femoral neCk in relaGon to the long
[Show full text]
Arthroscopic and Open Anatomy of the Hip 11
CHAPTER Arthroscopic and o'pen Anatomy of the Hip Michael B. Gerhardt, Kartik Logishetty, Morteza lV1eftah, and Anil S. Ranawat INTRODUCTION movements that they induce at the joint: 1) flexors; 2) extensors; 3) abductors; 4) adductors; 5) external rotators; and 6) interI12 I The hip joint is defined by the articulation between the head rotators. Although some muscles have dual roles, their primary of the femur and the aeetahulum of the pelvis. It is covered by functions define their group placem(:)nt, and they all have ullique :l large soft-tissue envelope and a complex array of neurovascu- neurovascular supplies (TIt ble 2-1). lar and musculotendinous structures. The joint's morphology The vascular supply of tbe hip stems from the external and anu orientation are complex, and there are wide anatomi c varia- internal iLiac ancries. An understanding of the course of these tions seen among individuals. The joint's deep location makes vessels is critical fo r ,lVo iding catasu"ophic vascular injury. fn both arthroscopic and open access challenging. To avoid iatro- addition, the blood supply to the fel11()ra l head is vulnerahle to genic injury while establishing functional and efficient access, both traumatic and iatrogenic injury; the disruption of this sup- the hip surgeon should possess a sound ana tomic knowledge of ply can result in avascular necrosis (Figure 2-2). the hip. T he human "hip" can be subdivided into three categories: I) the superficial surface anatomy; 2) the deep femoroacetabu- la r Joint and capsule; and 3) the associated structures, including the muscles, nerves, and vasculature, all of which directly affeet HIP MUSCULATURE its function.
[Show full text]
Elbow Checklist
Workbook Musculoskeletal Ultrasound September 26, 2013 Shoulder Checklist Long biceps tendon Patient position: Facing the examiner Shoulder in slight medial rotation; elbow in flexion and supination Plane/ region: Transverse (axial): from a) intraarticular portion to b) myotendinous junction (at level of the pectoralis major tendon). What you will see: Long head of the biceps tendon Supraspinatus tendon Transverse humeral ligament Subscapularis tendon Lesser tuberosity Greater tuberosity Short head of the biceps Long head of the biceps (musculotendinous junction) Humeral shaft Pectoralis major tendon Plane/ region: Logitudinal (sagittal): What you will see: Long head of biceps; fibrillar structure Lesser tuberosity Long head of the biceps tendon Notes: Subscapularis muscle and tendon Patient position: Facing the examiner Shoulder in lateral rotation; elbow in flexion/ supination Plane/ region: longitudinal (axial): full vertical width of tendon. What you will see: Subscapularis muscle, tendon, and insertion Supraspinatus tendon Coracoid process Deltoid Greater tuberosity Lesser tuberosity Notes: Do passive medial/ lateral rotation while examining Plane/ region: Transverse (sagittal): What you will see: Lesser tuberosity Fascicles of subscapularis tendon Supraspinatus tendon Patient position: Lateral to examiner Shoulder in extension and medial rotation Hand on ipsilateral buttock Plane/ region: Longitudinal (oblique sagittal) Identify the intra-articular portion of biceps LH in the transverse plane; then
[Show full text]
Compiled for Lower Limb
Updated: December, 9th, 2020 MSI ANATOMY LAB: STRUCTURE LIST Lower Extremity Lower Extremity Osteology Hip bone Tibia • Greater sciatic notch • Medial condyle • Lesser sciatic notch • Lateral condyle • Obturator foramen • Tibial plateau • Acetabulum o Medial tibial plateau o Lunate surface o Lateral tibial plateau o Acetabular notch o Intercondylar eminence • Ischiopubic ramus o Anterior intercondylar area o Posterior intercondylar area Pubic bone (pubis) • Pectineal line • Tibial tuberosity • Pubic tubercle • Medial malleolus • Body • Superior pubic ramus Patella • Inferior pubic ramus Fibula Ischium • Head • Body • Neck • Ramus • Lateral malleolus • Ischial tuberosity • Ischial spine Foot • Calcaneus Ilium o Calcaneal tuberosity • Iliac fossa o Sustentaculum tali (talar shelf) • Anterior superior iliac spine • Anterior inferior iliac spine • Talus o Head • Posterior superior iliac spine o Neck • Posterior inferior iliac spine • Arcuate line • Navicular • Iliac crest • Cuboid • Body • Cuneiforms: medial, intermediate, and lateral Femur • Metatarsals 1-5 • Greater trochanter • Phalanges 1-5 • Lesser trochanter o Proximal • Head o Middle • Neck o Distal • Linea aspera • L • Lateral condyle • L • Intercondylar fossa (notch) • L • Medial condyle • L • Lateral epicondyle • L • Medial epicondyle • L • Adductor tubercle • L • L • L • L • 1 Updated: December, 9th, 2020 Lab 3: Anterior and Medial Thigh Anterior Thigh Medial thigh General Structures Muscles • Fascia lata • Adductor longus m. • Anterior compartment • Adductor brevis m. • Medial compartment • Adductor magnus m. • Great saphenous vein o Adductor hiatus • Femoral sheath o Compartments and contents • Pectineus m. o Femoral canal and ring • Gracilis m. Muscles & Associated Tendons Nerves • Tensor fasciae lata • Obturator nerve • Iliotibial tract (band) • Femoral triangle: Boundaries Vessels o Inguinal ligament • Obturator artery o Sartorius m. • Femoral artery o Adductor longus m.
[Show full text]
Intracapsular Femoral Neck Fractures—A Surgical Management Algorithm
medicina Review Intracapsular Femoral Neck Fractures—A Surgical Management Algorithm James W. A. Fletcher 1,2,* , Christoph Sommer 3, Henrik Eckardt 4, Matthias Knobe 5 , Boyko Gueorguiev 1 and Karl Stoffel 4 1 AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland; [email protected] 2 Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK 3 Cantonal Hospital Graubünden, 7000 Chur, Switzerland; [email protected] 4 University Hospital Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland; [email protected] (H.E.); [email protected] (K.S.) 5 Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Background and Objectives: Femoral neck fractures are common and constitute one of the largest healthcare burdens of the modern age. Fractures within the joint capsule (intracapsular) provide a specific surgical challenge due to the difficulty in predicting rates of bony union and whether the blood supply to the femoral head has been disrupted in a way that would lead to avascular necrosis. Most femoral neck fractures are treated surgically, aiming to maintain mobility, whilst reducing pain and complications associated with prolonged bedrest. Materials and Methods: We performed a narrative review of intracapsular hip fracture management, highlighting the latest advancements in fixation techniques, generating an evidence-based algorithm for their management. Results: Multiple different fracture configurations are encountered within the category of intracapsular Citation: Fletcher, J.W.A.; Sommer, hip fractures, with each pattern having different optimal surgical strategies. Additionally, these C.; Eckardt, H.; Knobe, M.; Gueorguiev, B.; Stoffel, K. injuries typically occur in patients where further procedures due to operative complications are Intracapsular Femoral Neck associated with a considerable increase in mortality, highlighting the need for choosing the correct Fractures—A Surgical Management index operation.
[Show full text]
Surgical Approaches to Fractures of the Acetabulum and Pelvis Joel M
Surgical Approaches to Fractures of the Acetabulum and Pelvis Joel M. Matta, M.D. Sponsored by Mizuho OSI APPROACHES TO THE The table will also stably position the ACETABULUM limb in a number of different positions. No one surgical approach is applicable for all acetabulum fractures. KOCHER-LANGENBECK After examination of the plain films as well as the CT scan the surgeon should APPROACH be knowledgeable of the precise anatomy of the fracture he or she is The Kocher-Langenbeck approach is dealing with. A surgical approach will primarily an approach to the posterior be selected with the expectation that column of the Acetabulum. There is the entire reduction and fixation can excellent exposure of the be performed through the surgical retroacetabular surface from the approach. A precise knowledge of the ischial tuberosity to the inferior portion capabilities of each surgical approach of the iliac wing. The quadrilateral is also necessary. In order to maximize surface is accessible by palpation the capabilities of each surgical through the greater or lesser sciatic approach it is advantageous to operate notch. A less effective though often the patient on the PROfx® Pelvic very useful approach to the anterior Reconstruction Orthopedic Fracture column is available by manipulation Table which can apply traction in a through the greater sciatic notch or by distal and/or lateral direction during intra-articular manipulation through the operation. the Acetabulum (Figure 1). Figure 2. Fractures operated through the Kocher-Langenbeck approach. Figure 3. Positioning of the patient on the PROfx® surgical table for operations through the Kocher-Lagenbeck approach.
[Show full text]
Acetabular Labral Tears: Resection Vs
Acetabular Labral Tears: Resection vs. Repair In the past decade, significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of non-arthritic intra-articular hip pathologies, including acetabular labral tears. Tears of the acetabular labrum have been identified as a source of hip pain and mechanical symptoms, and as a possible instigator of premature hip degeneration. Arthroscopic management of labral tears has evolved from simple resection of the torn labral portion to advanced repair techniques for tears Mara L. Schenker, MD1 associated with large bony deformities. While arthroscopic technology has evolved to allow the labrum to be repaired, Marc J. Philippon, MD2 scientific evidence demonstrating the benefits of labral repair over resection have lagged. 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA In the past decade, significant advances have quicker rate of cartilage consolidation in the 2 Steadman Philippon Research Institute, been made in the diagnosis and treatment of absence of a labrum. They further demonstrated Vail, CO non-arthritic intra-articular hip pathologies, that resection of the labrum causes the femoral including acetabular labral tears. Tears of the head to lateralize, shifting the load bearing surface acetabular labrum have been identified as a of the joint shifts to the acetabular rim, thereby source of hip pain and mechanical symptoms, causing increases in femoroacetabular contact and as a possible instigator of premature hip pressures6. Although some have suggested degeneration1. Arthroscopic management of that labral resection may lead to premature labral tears has evolved from simple resection osteoarthritis, one in vivo study failed to show the of the torn labral portion to advanced repair relationship at 24 months after labral resection7.
[Show full text]
Evaluation of Union of Neglected Femoral Neck Fractures Treated with Free Fibular Graft
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evaluation of Union of Neglected Femoral Neck Fractures Treated with Free Fibular Graft Nasir Ali, Muhammad Shahid Riaz, Muhammad Ishaque Khan, Muhammad Rafiq Sabir ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the frequency of union of neglected femoral neck fractures treated with free fibular graft. Study design Descriptive case series. Place & Department of Orthopedics Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur, from April 2009 to Duration of January 2010. study Methodology Patients of neglected femoral neck fracture (one month postinjury) were included in the study. They were operated and internal fixation was done with concellous screws and free fibular graft placed. They were followed till the evidence of radiological union. Results Out of 55 patients there were 40 males and 15 females. Ages ranged from 20 year to 50 year. The duration of injury was from 4 weeks to 6 months. Fifty patients achieved complete union while five patients developed non-union with complaint of pain. There was no wound infection and hardware failure. Conclusion Fracture reduction and internal fixation with use of free fibular graft and concellous screws for neglected femoral neck fractures is the treatment of choice. Key words Bony union, Fracture- femur, Fibular graft. INTRODUCTION: time of injury to seek medical help.7 With delay these Fractures of neck of femur are great challenge to factures usually result in non union. The rate of non orthopaedic surgeons. With increase in life union is between 10-30% for such neglected expectancy and addition of geriatric population to fractures.8,9 Delay in surgery leads to variable degree society, the frequency of fracture neck of femur is of neck absorption, proximal migration of distal increasing day by day.1 Fracture neck of femur in fragment and disuse osteoporosis.
[Show full text]
Acetabular Labral Tears with Underlying Chondromalacia: a Possible Association with High-Level Running
Acetabular Labral Tears With Underlying Chondromalacia: A Possible Association With High-Level Running Carlos A. Guanche, M.D., and Robby S. Sikka, B.A. Purpose: The use of hip arthroscopy has helped delineate intra-articular pathology and has enabled clinicians to further elucidate the factors responsible for injuries, such as running. The subtle development of degenerative changes may be a result of repetitive impact loading associated with this sport. This study presents a population of runners with common pathologic acetabular changes. Type of Study: Case series. Methods: Eight high-level runners with an average age of 36 years (range, 19 to 45 years) were seen for complaints of increasing hip pain with running without any history of macrotrauma. All of the patients had either run several marathons (4), were triathletes (1), Olympic middle distance runners (1), or had run more than 10 miles per week for longer than 5 years (2). Plain radiographic analysis revealed no degenerative changes and an average center-edge (CE) angle of 36.7° (range, 28° to 44°). Results: All patients underwent hip arthroscopy with labral debridement. In 6 patients (75%), a chondral injury of the acetabular cartilage underlying the labral tear was noted. In addition, 3 patients had ligamentum teres disruptions. Conclusions: It is possible that the development of these tears is the result of subtle instability, which may be exacerbated by running, eventually leading to labral tearing and possible ligamentum teres disruption. While perhaps con- currently, subtle acetabular dysplasia may play a role. Although this study does not conﬁrm an association between running and the development of labral tears or chondral lesions in the hip, it certainly questions whether there is an injury pattern common to this population, a “runner’s hip.” Level of Evidence: Level IV.
[Show full text]
Arthrodiastasis for Treatment of Avascular Necrosis of Lesser Metatarsal Heads
QUICK START GUIDE QUICK START GUIDE (THIS SIDEBAR WILL NOT PRINT) Arthrodiastasis for Treatment of Avascular Necrosis of Lesser Metatarsal Heads (THIS SIDEBAR WILL NOT PRINT) This PowerPoint template produces a 42”x90" presentation poster. You can use it to create your research poster by placing your title, subtitle, text, tables, charts and How to change the template colors photos. You can change the overall template color theme by clicking on the COLORS Stephanie Wu, DPM¹, Jones Thomas, DPM², Hummira Abawi, DPM, FACFAS³ dropdown menu under the DESIGN tab. You can see a tutorial here: We provide a series of online tutorials that will guide you through the poster design ¹ PGY-1, VA Maryland Healthcare System and Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics https://www.posterpresentations.com/how-to-change-the-research-poster-template-colors.h process and answer your poster production questions. For complete template tml tutorials, go online to PosterPresentations.com and click on the HELP DESK tab. ² PGY-2, VA Maryland Healthcare System and Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics You can also manually change the color of individual elements by going to VIEW > ³ Assistant Director, VA Maryland Healthcare System and Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics To print your poster using our same-day professional printing service, go online to SLIDE MASTER. On the left side of your screen select the background master where PosterPresentations.com and click on "Order your poster". you can change the template background, column sizes, etc. After you finish working on the SLIDE MASTER, it is important that you go to VIEW > NORMAL to continue working on your poster.
[Show full text]
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Surgical Technique Free
This is an enhanced PDF from The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery The PDF of the article you requested follows this cover page. Free Vascularized Fibular Grafting for the Treatment of Postcollapse Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Surgical Technique J. Mack Aldridge, III, Keith R. Berend, Eunice E. Gunneson and James R. Urbaniak J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:87-101. This information is current as of August 9, 2009 Reprints and Permissions Click here to order reprints or request permission to use material from this article, or locate the article citation on jbjs.org and click on the [Reprints and Permissions] link. Publisher Information The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 20 Pickering Street, Needham, MA 02492-3157 www.jbjs.org COPYRIGHT © 2004 BY THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY, INCORPORATED Free Vascularized Fibular Grafting for the Treatment of Postcollapse Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Surgical Technique By J. Mack Aldridge III, MD, Keith R. Berend, MD, Eunice E. Gunneson, PA-C, and James R. Urbaniak, MD Investigation performed at Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina The original scientific article in which the surgical technique was presented was published in JBJS Vol. 85-A, pp. 987-993, June 2003 SURGICAL TECHNIQUE ABSTRACT Overview In its early stages, free vascularized fibular grafting of the femoral BACKGROUND: head required two teams of surgeons and an operative time of six Osteonecrosis of the femoral hours or more. Today, thanks in large part to the development of tech- head, a disease primarily affect- nical shortcuts, customized instrumentation, and an operative sup- ing young adults, is often associ- port staff familiar with the nuances of the surgery, free vascularized ated with collapse of the articular fibular grafting of the femoral head can easily be performed in be- surface and subsequent arthro- tween two and one-half and three hours, with two surgeons and one sis.
[Show full text]