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Compiled for Lower Limb Updated: December, 9th, 2020 MSI ANATOMY LAB: STRUCTURE LIST Lower Extremity Lower Extremity Osteology Hip bone Tibia • Greater sciatic notch • Medial condyle • Lesser sciatic notch • Lateral condyle • Obturator foramen • Tibial plateau • Acetabulum o Medial tibial plateau o Lunate surface o Lateral tibial plateau o Acetabular notch o Intercondylar eminence • Ischiopubic ramus o Anterior intercondylar area o Posterior intercondylar area Pubic bone (pubis) • Pectineal line • Tibial tuberosity • Pubic tubercle • Medial malleolus • Body • Superior pubic ramus Patella • Inferior pubic ramus Fibula Ischium • Head • Body • Neck • Ramus • Lateral malleolus • Ischial tuberosity • Ischial spine Foot • Calcaneus Ilium o Calcaneal tuberosity • Iliac fossa o Sustentaculum tali (talar shelf) • Anterior superior iliac spine • Anterior inferior iliac spine • Talus o Head • Posterior superior iliac spine o Neck • Posterior inferior iliac spine • Arcuate line • Navicular • Iliac crest • Cuboid • Body • Cuneiforms: medial, intermediate, and lateral Femur • Metatarsals 1-5 • Greater trochanter • Phalanges 1-5 • Lesser trochanter o Proximal • Head o Middle • Neck o Distal • Linea aspera • L • Lateral condyle • L • Intercondylar fossa (notch) • L • Medial condyle • L • Lateral epicondyle • L • Medial epicondyle • L • Adductor tubercle • L • L • L • L • 1 Updated: December, 9th, 2020 Lab 3: Anterior and Medial Thigh Anterior Thigh Medial thigh General Structures Muscles • Fascia lata • Adductor longus m. • Anterior compartment • Adductor brevis m. • Medial compartment • Adductor magnus m. • Great saphenous vein o Adductor hiatus • Femoral sheath o Compartments and contents • Pectineus m. o Femoral canal and ring • Gracilis m. Muscles & Associated Tendons Nerves • Tensor fasciae lata • Obturator nerve • Iliotibial tract (band) • Femoral triangle: Boundaries Vessels o Inguinal ligament • Obturator artery o Sartorius m. • Femoral artery o Adductor longus m. o Iliopsoas m. Pro-sected Cadaver o Pectineus m. • Psoas major m. • Iliacus • Sartorius m. • Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (and • Iliopsoas m. (Iliacus + psoas major) cutaneous distribution) • Pectineus m. • Ilioinguinal nerve (and cutaneous • Quadriceps femoris m. distribution) o Rectus femoris m. • Genitofemoral nerve (and cutaneous o Vastus lateralis m. distribution) o Vastus medialis m. • Obturator nerve (and cutaneous o Vastus intermedius m. distribution) • Quadriceps tendon • Femoral nerve (and cutaneous • Patellar ligament distribution) Vessels Anatomical Models • Femoral artery • Femoral vein Female Somso Model • Deep (femoral) artery of the thigh • Iliacus m. • Lateral circumflex femoral artery • Obturator artery • Medial circumflex femoral artery • Oturator nerve • Perforating branches • Lumbosacral trunk • Sacral plexus Nerves • Lumbosacral plexus • Femoral n. • Saphenous n. Male Somso Model • Adductor canal (subsartorial canal or • Obturator externus m. Hunter’s canal) • Pectineus m. (cut) • Nerve to vastus medialis • Adductor longus • Adductor brevis • Gracilis • Adductor magnus 2 Updated: December, 9th, 2020 Lab 4: Gluteal Region, Posterior Thigh, and Hip Joint Gluteal Region • Short head of biceps femoris • Adductor magnus Muscles • Gluteus maximus Nerves • Gluteus medius • Sciatic nerve • Gluteus minimus o Tibial nerve • Piriformis o Common fibular nerve • Triceps Coxae o Superior gemellus • Sural nerve o Obturator internus tendon o Inferior gemellus Vessels • Small saphenous vein • Quadratus femoris muscle • Popliteal artery • Popliteal vein Ligaments and Foramina of Pelvis • Sacrotuberous ligament Hip Joint • Sacrospinous ligament Greater sciatic foramen • Transverse acetabular ligament • Lesser sciatic foramen • Acetabular labrum • Ligament of the femoral head Nerves • Fibrous Capsule of Hip Joint • Sciatic nerve • Iliofemoral ligament (Y ligament) • Superior gluteal nerve • Pubofemoral ligament • Inferior gluteal nerve • Ischiofemoral ligament • Y Vessels • Y • Superior gluteal artery • Y • Inferior gluteal artery • Y • Y Posterior Thigh • Y • Y Muscles • Y • Semitendinosus • • Semimembranosus • Long head of biceps femoris 3 Updated: December, 9th, 2020 Lab 5: Popliteal Fossa, Posterior Leg, and Knee Muscles/Tendons • Gastrocnemius Knee o Medial head o Lateral head Articular Surfaces • Articular surface of the femur • Articular cartilage of the tibial condyles • Soleus • Plantaris Menisci • Popliteus • Medial meniscus • Flexor hallucis longus • Lateral meniscus • Tibialis posterior • Flexor digitorum longus Ligaments • Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon • Transverse ligament of the knee • Patellar ligament • Anterior cruciate ligament Nerves • Posterior cruciate ligament • Tibial nerve • Medial (tibial) collateral ligament • Sural nerve • Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament • Common fibular nerve • Y • Y Vessels • Y • Posterior tibial artery • Y • Anterior tibial artery • Y • Fibular artery • Y • • Popliteal artery • Small saphenous vein Lab 7: Anterior Leg, Lateral Leg, Dorsum Foot Muscles Nerves • Tibialis anterior • Common fibular • Extensor digitorum longus • Superficial fibular nerve • Extensor hallucis longus • Deep fibular nerve • Fibularis tertius • Fibularis longus Arteries • Fibularis brevis • Anterior tibial artery • Extensor digitorum brevis • Dorsal pedis artery (dorsal artery of the • Extensor hallucis brevis foot) • Arcuate artery 4 Updated: December, 9th, 2020 Lab 6: Plantar Foot Joints Structures in tarsal tunnel • Subtalar joint • Tibialis posterior tendon • Transverse tarsal joint • Flexor digitorum longus tendon • Posterior tibial artery Layer 1of intrinsic foot muscles • Posterior tibial vein • Abductor hallucis • Tibial nerve • Abductor digiti minimi • Flexor hallucis longus tendon • Flexor digitorum brevis Nerves Layer 2 of intrinsic foot muscles: • Tibial nerve • Quadratus plantae • Medial plantar nerve • Lateral plantar nerve Layer 3 of intrinsic foot muscles • Flexor hallucis brevis Arteries • Adductor hallucis - transverse and • Posterior tibial artery oblique heads • Medial plantar artery • Flexor digiti minimi brevis • Lateral plantar artery • Y Other Structures • Y • Fibularis longus • Fibular brevis • Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon attachment • y to the calcaneal tuberosity Lab 6: Ligamentous Ankle & Foot Ligaments • Deltoid ligament (medial collateral ligament ankle) • Lateral collateral ligament (lateral ligament complex) o Anterior talofibular ligament o Calcaneofibular ligament o Posterior talofibular ligament • Plantar (spring) calcaneonavicular ligament • Long plantar ligament • Short plantar ligament 5 .
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