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Preface Patrick Besha, Editor Alexander Macdonald, Editor in The
EARLY DRAFT - NASAWATCH.COM/SPACEREF.COM Preface Patrick Besha, Editor Alexander MacDonald, Editor In the next decade, NASA will seek to expand humanity’s presence in space beyond the International Space Station in low-Earth orbit to a new habitation platform orbiting the moon. By the late 2020’s, astronauts will live and work far deeper in space than ever before. The push to cis-lunar orbit is part of a stepping-stone approach to extend our reach to Mars and beyond. This decision to explore ever farther destinations is a familiar pattern in the history of American space exploration. Another major pattern with historical precedent is the transition from public sector exploration to private sector commercialization. After the government has developed and demonstrated a capability in space, whether it be space-based communications or remote sensing, the private sector has realized its market potential. As new companies establish a presence, the government withdraws from the market. In 2015, we are once again at a critical stage in the development of space. The most successful long-term human habitation in space, orbiting the Earth continuously since 1998, is the International Space Station. Currently at the apex of its capabilities and the pinnacle of state-of-the-art space systems, it was developed through the investments and labors of over a dozen nations and is regularly re-supplied by cargo delivery services. Its occupants include six astronauts and numerous other organisms from Earth’s ecosystems from bacteria to plants to rats. Research is conducted on the spacecraft from hundreds of organizations worldwide ranging from academic institutions to large industrial companies and from high-tech start-ups to high-school science classes. -
Project Number: JMW-USC1
Project Number: JMW-USC1 Department of Social Science and Policy Studies THE FUTURE OF UNMANNED SPACE: A SPECULATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COMMERCIAL MARKET An Interactive Qualifying Project Report: Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by ______________________________ Peter Brayshaw ______________________________ Brooks Farnham ______________________________ Jon Leslie December 16, 2004 _____________________________ ________________________________ Professor John M. Wilkes, Advisor Professor Peter Campisano, Co-Advisor Abstract: This report is one of many which deal with the unmanned space race. It is a prediction of who will have the greatest competitive advantage in the commercial market over the next 25 years, based on historical analogy. Background information on Russia, China, Japan, the United States and the European Space Agency, including the launch vehicles and launch services each provides, is covered. The new prospect of space platforms is also investigated. 2 Table of Contents Abstract: ...................................................................................................... 2 Table of Contents ......................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................. 5 Literature Review ...................................................................................... 5 Project -
Contingency Shuttle Crew Support (Cscs)/Rescue Flight Resource Book
CSCS/Rescue Flight Resource Book JSC-62900 CONTINGENCY SHUTTLE CREW SUPPORT (CSCS)/RESCUE FLIGHT RESOURCE BOOK OVERVIEW 1 Mission Operations CSCS 2 Directorate RESCUE 3 FLIGHT DA8/Flight Director Office Final July 12, 2005 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas FINAL 07/12/05 2-i Verify this is the correct version before using. CSCS/Rescue Flight Resource Book JSC-62900 CONTINGENCY SHUTTLE CREW SUPPORT (CSCS)/RESCUE FLIGHT RESOURCE BOOK FINAL JULY 12, 2005 PREFACE This document, dated May 24, 2005, is the Basic version of the Contingency Shuttle Crew Support (CSCS)/Rescue Flight Resource Book. It is requested that any organization having comments, questions, or suggestions concerning this document should contact DA8/Book Manager, Flight Director Office, Building 4 North, Room 3039. This is a limited distribution and controlled document and is not to be reproduced without the written approval of the Chief, Flight Director Office, mail code DA8, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058. FINAL 07/12/05 2-ii Verify this is the correct version before using. CSCS/Rescue Flight Resource Book JSC-62900 1.0 - OVERVIEW Section 1.0 is the overview of the entire Contingency Shuttle Crew Support (CSCS)/Rescue Flight Resource Book. FINAL 07/12/05 2-iii Verify this is the correct version before using. CSCS/Rescue Flight Resource Book JSC-62900 This page intentionally blank. FINAL 07/12/05 2-iv Verify this is the correct version before using. CSCS/Rescue Flight Resource Book JSC-62900 2.0 - CONTINGENCY SHUTTLE CREW SUPPORT (CSCS) 2.1 Procedures Overview.......................................................................................................2-1 2.1.1 ................................................................................ -
Brazil's Accession to the Mtcr
Wyn Q. Bowen Report: BRAZIL’S ACCESSION TO THE MTCR by Wyn Q. Bowen Wyn Q. Bowen is a Senior Research Associate of the Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. He is also a Ph.D. candidate in International Relations at the University of Birmingham and is completing a dissertation on U.S. missile nonproliferation policy during the Bush administration. n October 1995, Brazil’s membership in the Mis- the design and construction of a center from which to sile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) was ap- launch the VLS at Alcantara (CLA), in the northern proved unanimously at the regime’s 10th plenary state of Maranhao.1 The VLS was to be developed us- I 2 meeting in Bonn, Germany. Acceptance in the MTCR ing technology derived from the Sonda rocket series. was the outcome of a series of policy changes initi- The central role of the military in the MECB during ated by Brazil in early 1994 to address international the 1980s, however, cast doubt over the true nature of missile proliferation concerns. This report consid- the space program. The Brazilian Commission for Space ers the past Brazilian rocket and missile activities that Activities (COBAE), responsible for overseeing and generated these concerns and the policy changes running the MECB, was chaired by the armed forces which Brazil undertook to gain acceptance in the chief of staff.3 The prominent role of the Air Force’s MTCR. The implications of Brazil’s membership in Aerospace Technical Center (CTA) in developing the the regime are also considered, along with some of VLS also suggested the military might have other rea- the missile proliferation concerns which continue to sons for developing space launch vehicles. -
Ed Spencer 402-510-3276 for Moreinformation
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The Tubesat Launch Vehicle
TubeSat and NEPTUNE 30 Orbital Rocket Programs Personal Satellites Are GO! Interorbital Systems www.interorbital.com About Interorbital Corporation Founded in 1996 by Randa and Roderick Milliron, incorporated in 2001 Located at the Mojave Spaceport in Mojave, California 98.5% owned by R. and R. Milliron 1.5% owned by Eric Gullichsen Initial Starting Technology Pressure-fed liquid rocket engines Initial Mission Low-cost orbital and interplanetary launch vehicle development Facilities 6,000 square-foot research and development facility Two rocket engine test sites at the Mojave Spaceport Expert engineering and manufacturing team Interorbital Systems www.interorbital.com Core Technical Team Roderick Milliron: Chief Designer Lutz Kayser: Primary Technical Consultant Eric Gullichsen: Guidance and Control Gerard Auvray: Telecommunications Engineer Donald P. Bennett: Mechanical Engineer David Silsbee: Electronics Engineer Joel Kegel: Manufacturing/Engineering Tech Jacqueline Wein: Manufacturing/Engineering Tech Reinhold Ziegler: Space-Based Power Systems E. Mark Shusterman,M.D. Medical Life Support Randa Milliron: High-Temperature Composites Interorbital Systems www.interorbital.com Key Hardware Built In-House Propellant Tanks: Combining state-of-the-art composite technology with off-the-shelf aluminum liners Advanced Guidance Hardware and Software Ablative Rocket Engines and Components GPRE 0.5KNFA Rocket Engine Test Manned Space Flight Training Systems Rocket Injectors, Valves Systems, and Other Metal components Interorbital Systems www.interorbital.com Project History Pressure-Fed Rocket Engines GPRE 2.5KLMA Liquid Oxygen/Methanol Engine: Thrust = 2,500 lbs. GPRE 0.5KNFA WFNA/Furfuryl Alcohol (hypergolic): Thrust = 500 lbs. GPRE 0.5KNHXA WFNA/Turpentine (hypergolic): Thrust = 500 lbs. GPRE 3.0KNFA WFNA/Furfuryl Alcohol (hypergolic): Thrust = 3,000 lbs. -
Streng Geheim? Seit 28 Jahren Vorstandsmitglied Des GHK
Von Dr. Ferdinand Stegbauer Streng geheim? seit 28 Jahren Vorstandsmitglied des GHK sen wurde, ist OTRAG mit dem Hauptsitz ab 1981 in Münschen weiter. Die OTRAG Neu-Isenburg, Herzogstraße 61, urkund- wurde 1986 von Gesellschaftern liqui- lich erfasst. diert, wobei die OTRAG-Aktionäre Millio- nenverluste erlitten. Lutz T. Kayser ging OTRAG gründete zunächst das Subun- nach seinem Aufenthalt in Libyen in die ternehmen Stewering-OTRAG und USA, beruhigte die CIA und beteiligte baute einen eigenen Flughafen in Zaire. sich an verschiedenen Raumfahrtfirmen. Es folgte die ORAS (Otrag Range Air Ser- Im Jahr 2007 zog Lutz T. Kayser auf eine vice), die zwei Hawker Siddeley-›Argosy‹- Marshallinsel und starb am 19.11.2017 Transportmaschinen für den Transport auf Bikendrik Island, einer Insel zwischen von Material- und Raketenteilen kaufte. Neueste Quizfrage: »Welche Rakete Neu-Seeland und Hawaii. Ihn erreichte Die beiden Flugzeuge pendelten zwi- trägt den Namen des weltweit ersten pri- kein politisches Gewitter mehr. vaten Raumfahrtunternehmens mit Sitz schen München-Riem und dem von in Neu-Isenburg?« Die richtige Antwort OTRAG errichteten Airport ›Luvua‹ (Flie- Der Regisseur Oliver Schwehm recher- lautet ›OTRAG-Rakete‹! – Hätten Sie’s gercode). Am 17.5.1977 gab es den ers- chierte seit 2014 zu OTRAG, schrieb ein gewusst? – Vermutlich nicht, obwohl ten Start einer OTRAG-Rakete in Zaire, Drehbuch und führte Regie für seinen OTRAG nie geheim war. Natürlich umgab natürlich mit dem Hoheitszeichen von Film ›Fly Rocket Fly‹ unter Einbeziehung sich OTRAG auch mit Geheimnissen, die Zaire. Am 20.5.1978 erfolgte der Start von originalen OTRAG-Filmdokumenten. nach und nach enthüllt wurden. von OTRAG 2 ebenfalls mit dem Hoheits- Ab dem 27.9.2018 lief ›Fly Rocket Fly‹ in zeichen von Zaire. -
Space Shuttle Program
Space Shuttle program The Space Shuttle Columbia seconds after engine ignition, 1981 (NASA). For the first two missions only, the external fuel tank spray-on foam insulation (SOFI) was painted white. Subsequent missions have featured an unpainted tank thus exposing the orange/rust colored foam insulation. This resulted in a weight saving of over 1,000 lb (450 kg), a savings that translated directly to added payload capacity to orbit. NASA's Space Shuttle, officially called Space Transportation System (STS), is the United States government's sole manned launch vehicle currently in service. The winged shuttle orbiter is launched vertically, carrying usually five to seven astronauts and up to about 22,700 kg (50,000 lbs) of payload into low earth orbit. When its mission is complete, it reenters the earth's atmosphere and makes an unpowered gliding horizontal landing, usually on a runway at Kennedy Space Center. The Space Shuttle orbiter was manufactured by North American Rockwell, now part of the Boeing Company. Martin Marietta (now part of Lockheed Martin) designed the external fuel tank and Morton Thiokol (now part of Alliant Techsystems (ATK)) designed the solid rocket boosters. The Shuttle is the first orbital spacecraft designed for partial reusability. It carries large payloads to various orbits, provides crew rotation for the International Space Station (ISS), and performs servicing missions. While the vehicle was designed with the capacity to recover satellites and other payloads from orbit and return them to Earth, this capacity has not been used often; it is, however, an important use of the Space Shuttle in the context of the ISS program, as only very small amounts of experimental material, hardware needing to be repaired, and trash can be returned by Soyuz. -
Preparation of Papers for AIAA Technical Conferences
DUKSUP: A Computer Program for High Thrust Launch Vehicle Trajectory Design & Optimization Spurlock, O.F.I and Williams, C. H.II NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, 44135 From the late 1960’s through 1997, the leadership of NASA’s Intermediate and Large class unmanned expendable launch vehicle projects resided at the NASA Lewis (now Glenn) Research Center (LeRC). One of LeRC’s primary responsibilities --- trajectory design and performance analysis --- was accomplished by an internally-developed analytic three dimensional computer program called DUKSUP. Because of its Calculus of Variations-based optimization routine, this code was generally more capable of finding optimal solutions than its contemporaries. A derivation of optimal control using the Calculus of Variations is summarized including transversality, intermediate, and final conditions. The two point boundary value problem is explained. A brief summary of the code’s operation is provided, including iteration via the Newton-Raphson scheme and integration of variational and motion equations via a 4th order Runge-Kutta scheme. Main subroutines are discussed. The history of the LeRC trajectory design efforts in the early 1960’s is explained within the context of supporting the Centaur upper stage program. How the code was constructed based on the operation of the Atlas/Centaur launch vehicle, the limits of the computers of that era, the limits of the computer programming languages, and the missions it supported are discussed. The vehicles DUKSUP supported (Atlas/Centaur, Titan/Centaur, and Shuttle/Centaur) are briefly described. The types of missions, including Earth orbital and interplanetary, are described. The roles of flight constraints and their impact on launch operations are detailed (such as jettisoning hardware on heating, Range Safety, ground station tracking, and elliptical parking orbits). -
Trade Studies Towards an Australian Indigenous Space Launch System
TRADE STUDIES TOWARDS AN AUSTRALIAN INDIGENOUS SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Engineering by Gordon P. Briggs B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc. (Astron) School of Engineering and Information Technology, University College, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy January 2010 Abstract During the project Apollo moon landings of the mid 1970s the United States of America was the pre-eminent space faring nation followed closely by only the USSR. Since that time many other nations have realised the potential of spaceflight not only for immediate financial gain in areas such as communications and earth observation but also in the strategic areas of scientific discovery, industrial development and national prestige. Australia on the other hand has resolutely refused to participate by instituting its own space program. Successive Australian governments have preferred to obtain any required space hardware or services by purchasing off-the-shelf from foreign suppliers. This policy or attitude is a matter of frustration to those sections of the Australian technical community who believe that the nation should be participating in space technology. In particular the provision of an indigenous launch vehicle that would guarantee the nation independent access to the space frontier. It would therefore appear that any launch vehicle development in Australia will be left to non- government organisations to at least define the requirements for such a vehicle and to initiate development of long-lead items for such a project. It is therefore the aim of this thesis to attempt to define some of the requirements for a nascent Australian indigenous launch vehicle system. -
Great Mambo Chicken and the Transhuman Condition
Tf Freewheel simply a tour « // o é Z oon" ‘ , c AUS Figas - 3 8 tion = ~ Conds : 8O man | S. | —§R Transhu : QO the Great Mambo Chicken and the Transhuman Condition Science Slightly Over the Edge ED REGIS A VV Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. - Reading, Massachusetts Menlo Park, California New York Don Mills, Ontario Wokingham, England Amsterdam Bonn Sydney Singapore Tokyo Madrid San Juan Paris Seoul Milan Mexico City Taipei Acknowledgmentof permissions granted to reprint previously published material appears on page 301. Manyofthe designations used by manufacturers andsellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Addison-Wesley was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters (e.g., Silly Putty). .Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Regis, Edward, 1944— Great mambo chicken and the transhuman condition : science slightly over the edge / Ed Regis. p- cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-201-09258-1 ISBN 0-201-56751-2 (pbk.) 1. Science—Miscellanea. 2. Engineering—Miscellanea. 3. Forecasting—Miscellanea. I. Title. Q173.R44 1990 500—dc20 90-382 CIP Copyright © 1990 by Ed Regis All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Text design by Joyce C. Weston Set in 11-point Galliard by DEKR Corporation, Woburn, MA - 12345678 9-MW-9594939291 Second printing, October 1990 First paperback printing, August 1991 For William Patrick Contents The Mania.. -
Commercial Orbital Transportation Services
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Commercial Orbital Transportation Services A New Era in Spaceflight NASA/SP-2014-617 Commercial Orbital Transportation Services A New Era in Spaceflight On the cover: Background photo: The terminator—the line separating the sunlit side of Earth from the side in darkness—marks the changeover between day and night on the ground. By establishing government-industry partnerships, the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program marked a change from the traditional way NASA had worked. Inset photos, right: The COTS program supported two U.S. companies in their efforts to design and build transportation systems to carry cargo to low-Earth orbit. (Top photo—Credit: SpaceX) SpaceX launched its Falcon 9 rocket on May 22, 2012, from Cape Canaveral, Florida. (Second photo) Three days later, the company successfully completed the mission that sent its Dragon spacecraft to the Station. (Third photo—Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls) Orbital Sciences Corp. sent its Antares rocket on its test flight on April 21, 2013, from a new launchpad on Virginia’s eastern shore. Later that year, the second Antares lifted off with Orbital’s cargo capsule, (Fourth photo) the Cygnus, that berthed with the ISS on September 29, 2013. Both companies successfully proved the capability to deliver cargo to the International Space Station by U.S. commercial companies and began a new era of spaceflight. ISS photo, center left: Benefiting from the success of the partnerships is the International Space Station, pictured as seen by the last Space Shuttle crew that visited the orbiting laboratory (July 19, 2011). More photos of the ISS are featured on the first pages of each chapter.