Observations of German Viticulture

GregGreg JohnsJohns TheThe OhioOhio StateState UniversityUniversity // OARDCOARDC AshtabulaAshtabula AgriculturalAgricultural ResearchResearch StationStation KingsvilleKingsville The Group

„ Under the direction of the Ohio Grape Industries Committee „ Organized by Deutsches Weininstitute „ Attended by 20+ representatives ‹ ODA Director & Mrs. Dailey ‹ OGIC Mike Widner ‹ OSU reps. Todd Steiner & Greg Johns ‹ Ohio (and Pa) Winegrowers / Winemakers ‹ Wine Distributor ‹ Kerry Brady, our guide ‹ Others Itinerary

„ March 26 „ March 29

‹ Mosel ‹ Mittelrhein & Nahe

‹ Join group - Koblenz „ March 30

„ March 27 ‹ Rheingau

‹ Educational sessions „ March 31

‹ Lower Mosel ‹ Rheinhessen „ March 28 „ April 1

‹ ProWein - Dusseldorf ‹ Depart Observations of the German Winegrowing Industry „ German wine educational sessions ‹ German Wine Academy „ ProWein - Industry event ‹ Showcase of wines from around the world ‹ Emphasis on German wines „ Tour winegrowing regions ‹ Vineyards ‹ Wineries ‹ Geisenheim Research Center German Wine Academy Deutsches Weininstitute

„ EducationEducation -- GermanGerman StyleStyle

‹ WinegrowingWinegrowing RegionsRegions

 RegionalRegional IdentityIdentity

‹ LabelingLabeling

‹ Types/stylesTypes/styles

‹ WineWine LawsLaws

‹ TastingsTastings ProWein German Winegrowing Regions German Wine Regions % white vs. red

„ Rheinhessen „ 68%White 32%Red „ Pfalz „ 60% 40% „ Baden „ 57% 43% „ Wurttemberg „ 30% 70%*** „ Mosel-Saar-Ruwer „ 91% 9% „ Franken „ 83% 17% „ Nahe „ 75% 25% „ Rheingau „ 84% 16% „ Saale-Unstrut „ 75% 25% „ Ahr „ 12% 88%*** „ Mittelrhein „ 86% 14% „ Hessische Bergstrasse „ 82% 18% „ Sachsen „ 83% 17% German Wine Statistics

„ Riesling 20% „ Spatburgunder (P.noir) 11.1% „ Muller-Thurgau 14.7% „ Dornfelder 8% „ Silvaner 5.5% „ Portugieser 4.8% „ Kerner 4.5% „ Trollinger 2.5% „ Rulander (P.gris) 3.7% „ Schwartzriesling(P.meunier) „ Weissburgunder(P.blanc)3.1% 2.4% „ Bacchus 2.3% „ Regent 2% „ Scheurebe 1.9% „ Lemberger 1.5% „ Gutedel 1.1% „ Chardonnay 0.9% „ Elbling 0.6%

„ Total 64% „ Total 36% Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes

‹ Some 70 degrees „ Moselle - Mosel

‹ Saar & Ruwer „ Luxembourg Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes ‹ Some 70 degrees „ Slate soils predominate ‹ Upper (south) / Shell Limestone ‹ Middle / sand and gravel on plains with Devonian slate slopes ‹ Lower (north) / clayish slate „ Riesling, Muller-Thurgau, Spatburgunder (P,noir), White Elbling, an ancient variety Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes ‹ Some 70 degrees „ Stake and bow training on very steep slopes „ Trellised when possible ‹ Pendelbogen ‹ Flashbogen Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Winegrowing history since Roman times! Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes ‹ Some 70 degrees „ Slate soils predominate ‹ Upper (south) / Shell Limestone ‹ Middle / sand and gravel on plains with Devonian slate slopes ‹ Sand and gravel in some areas ‹ Lower (north) / clayish slate Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes

‹ Some 70 degrees „ Economics

‹ Abandoned vineyards „ 29.000 acres in 80’s to 20,000 today Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes

‹ SomeSome 7070 degreesdegrees „ Riesling is king

‹ 57% vineyard area „ M-S-R Regionally

‹ 92% white

‹ 8% red Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes ‹ Some 70 degrees „ Heymann Lowenstein ‹ Unique slate types ‹ Impart qualities to the wine „ “The Riesling vine is the medium which takes the soil to the glass.” Mosel - Saar - Ruwer

„ Steep slopes

‹ Some 70 degrees „ Specialized equipment used to move equipment and grapes up and down slopes Ahr

„ SteepSteep terracedterraced slopesslopes „ VolcanicVolcanic slateslate soilssoils „ RedRed winewine regionregion „ 1,3001,300 acresacres Ahr

„ VolcanicVolcanic slateslate soilssoils „ LoessLoess onon lesserlesser slopedsloped sitessites „ RedRed winewine regionregion Ahr

„ RedRed winewine regionregion

‹ 88%88% redred „ SpatburgunderSpatburgunder,, DornfelderDornfelder,, FruhburgunderFruhburgunder „ WhitesWhites 12%12%

‹ RieslingRiesling 7%7% Mittelrhein

„ SteepSteep terracedterraced slopesslopes

‹ KoblenzKoblenz toto BingenBingen „ ClayishClayish slateslate soilssoils andand GraywackeGraywacke (dirty(dirty sandstone)sandstone) „ AbandonedAbandoned vineyardsvineyards Mittelrhein

„ 1,2231,223 acresacres „ SteepSteep terracedterraced slopesslopes „ ClayishClayish slateslate soilssoils „ WhiteWhite 86%86% RedRed 14%14% „ RieslingRiesling 68%68% „ SpatburgunderSpatburgunder 8%8% „ RegentRegent Mittelrhein

„ Common vineyard implement ‹ Lowered down slope ‹ Winched up ‹ (Includes a rider!) Mittelrhein

„ Steep slate terraced slopes „ Terrace area is down 5,000 acres to 1,000 due to economics „ 12 to 20 acre farms ‹ 405 hours per vineyard acre hand labor ‹ Polish labor common  Pruning  Canopy  Harvest Nahe

„ Rolling „ Diverse soils ‹ Volcanic ‹ Sandstone ‹ Clay ‹ Limestone ‹ Slate „ 10,400 acres „ White 75% Red 25% „ Riesling… and others Rheingau

„ FlatFlat toto rollingrolling topographytopography toto veryvery steepsteep slopesslopes „ DiverseDiverse soilssoils Rheingau

„ Flat to rolling topography „ Diverse soils „ 7,800 acres „ White 84% red 16% „ Riesling is king at 78% „ Spatburgunder queen 13% „ Schloss Johannesburg „ Assmanhousen Rheingau

„ Geisenheim Research Center „ Vineyard Museum „ Viticulture & Enology „ Institutes of Chemistry, Economics, Grape Breeding and Horticulture „ Sustainable „ Researchers are consultants to industry Rheinhessen

„ Gently rolling hills „ 64,000 acres „ White 71% red 29% „ Varied soils ‹ Sand, limestone, red slaty-sandy clay ‹ Fertile „ Mueller-Thurgau is king at 17% „ Silvaner, Portugieser, Kerner, Spatburgunder, Scheurebe, Bacchus, etc.