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VT Module6 Lineage Text Major Schools of Tibetan Buddhism
THE MAJOR SCHOOLS OF TIBETAN BUDDHISM By Pema Khandro A BIRD’S EYE VIEW 1. NYINGMA LINEAGE a. Pema Khandro’s lineage. Literally means: ancient school or old school. Nyingmapas rely on the old tantras or the original interpretation of Tantra as it was given from Padmasambhava. b. Founded in 8th century by Padmasambhava, an Indian Yogi who synthesized the teachings of the Indian MahaSiddhas, the Buddhist Tantras, and Dzogchen. He gave this teaching (known as Vajrayana) in Tibet. c. Systemizes Buddhist philosophy and practice into 9 Yanas. The Inner Tantras (what Pema Khandro Rinpoche teaches primarily) are the last three. d. It is not a centralized hierarchy like the Sarma (new translation schools), which have a figure head similar to the Pope. Instead, the Nyingma tradition is de-centralized, with every Lama is the head of their own sangha. There are many different lineages within the Nyingma. e. A major characteristic of the Nyingma tradition is the emphasis in the Tibetan Yogi tradition – the Ngakpa tradition. However, once the Sarma translations set the tone for monasticism in Tibet, the Nyingmas also developed a monastic and institutionalized segment of the tradition. But many Nyingmas are Ngakpas or non-monastic practitioners. f. A major characteristic of the Nyingma tradition is that it is characterized by treasure revelations (gterma). These are visionary revelations of updated communications of the Vajrayana teachings. Ultimately treasure revelations are the same dharma principles but spoken in new ways, at new times and new places to new people. Because of these each treasure tradition is unique, this is the major reason behind the diversity within the Nyingma. -
The Tulku System in Tibetan Buddhism: Its Reliability, Orthodoxy and Social Impacts
The Tulku System in Tibetan Buddhism: Its Reliability, Orthodoxy and Social Impacts By Ramin Etesami A thesis submitted to the graduate school in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the International Buddhist College, Thailand March, 20 Abstract The Tulku institution is a unique characteristic of Tibetan Buddhism with a central role in this tradition, to the extent that it is present in almost every aspect of Tibet’s culture and tradition. However, despite this central role and the scope and diversity of the socio-religious aspects of the institution, only a few studies have so far been conducted to shed light on it. On the other hand, an aura of sacredness; distorted pictures projected by the media and film industries;political propaganda and misinformation; and tendencies to follow a pattern of cult behavior; have made the Tulku institution a highly controversial topic for research; and consequently, an objective study of the institution based on a critical approach is difficult. The current research is an attempt to comprehensively examine different dimensions of the Tulku tradition with an emphasis on the issue of its orthodoxy with respect to the core doctrines of Buddhism and the social implications of the practice. In this research, extreme caution has been practiced to firstly, avoid any kind of bias rooted in faith and belief; and secondly, to follow a scientific methodology in reviewing evidence and scriptures related to the research topic. Through a comprehensive study of historical accounts, core Buddhist texts and hagiographic literature, this study has found that while the basic Buddhist doctrines allow the possibility for a Buddhist teacher or an advanced practitioner to “return back to accomplish his tasks, the lack of any historical precedence which can be viewed as a typical example of the practice in early Buddhism makes the issue of its orthodoxy equivocal and relative. -
Longchenpa-You Are the Eyes of the World
Wafee up to find out that ^bu A r e t h e you are the eyes of the world, Wake now, discover that you are the song Eyes of t h e W ) r l d Ûiat the mom-irí brings. Longchenpa Translated hy Kennard Upman and Merrill Peterson under the inspiration of Namkhai Norbu Snow Lion Publications Ithaca, NY USA 30 The Jewel Ship The Teaching 31 calling the ultimate content of what you are, which is atemporal and ness of being and the forms of the six sages, who are the magical does not come into being, you should visualize a deep blue Hürri dimension appearing for the benefit of the world.40 While vajra emanating light rays. These symbolize the non-duality of the nature breathing recite the mantra Ôm Áh Hunt for as long as you are able.41 of one's own mind and body. This light, through its vast matrix of Then everything vanishes into the supreme ordering principle of rays, purifies all that presents itself internally or externally within the universe; while residing in the realm that is essenceless, recite the subject-object dichotomy. Thereby all that presents itself is seen Ah countless times. After that, having said "May all the phenome- as the gods and goddesses in the highest realm. na of samsara and nirvana be liberated into the primordial sphere," In that realm visualize yourself as a deep blue Vajra-being with you may rise. This is a highly esoteric and most excellent exercise. one mouth and two hands, bedecked with silks and jewels, and By training in this visualization for a fortnight, from the realm seated in the heroic posture of such a being. -
Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa's Great Perfection Philosophy of Action
Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa's Great Perfection Philosophy of Action The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40050138 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa’s Great Perfection Philosophy of Action A dissertation presented by Adam S. Lobel to The Committee on the Study of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of The Study of Religion Harvard University Cambridge, MA April 2018! ! © 2018, Adam S. Lobel All rights reserved $$!! Advisor: Janet Gyatso Author: Adam S. Lobel Allowing Spontaneity: Practice, Theory, and Ethical Cultivation in Longchenpa’s Great Perfection Philosophy of Action Abstract This is a study of the philosophy of practical action in the Great Perfection poetry and spiritual exercises of the fourteenth century Tibetan author, Longchen Rabjampa Drime Ozer (klong chen rab 'byams pa dri med 'od zer 1308-1364). I inquire into his claim that practices may be completely spontaneous, uncaused, and effortless and what this claim might reveal about the conditions of possibility for action. Although I am interested in how Longchenpa understands spontaneous practices, I also question whether the very categories of practice and theory are useful for interpreting his writings. -
Biographies of Dzogchen Masters ~
~ Biographies of Dzogchen Masters ~ Jigme Lingpa: A Guide to His Works It is hard to overstate the importance of Jigme Lingpa to the Nyingma tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. This itinerant yogi, along with Rongzom Mahapandita, Longchenpa, and-later-Mipham Rinpoche, are like four pillars of the tradition. He is considered the incarnation of both the great master Vimalamitra and the Dharma king Trisong Detsen. After becoming a monk, he had a vision of Mañjuśrīmitra which caused him to change his monks robes for the white shawl and long hair of a yogi. In his late twenties, he began a long retreat during which he experienced visions and discovered termas. A subsequent retreat a few years later was the container for multiple visions of Longchenpa, the result of which was the Longchen Nyingthig tradition of terma texts, sadhanas, prayers, and instructions. What many consider the best source for understanding Jigme Lingpa's relevance, and his milieu is Tulku Thondup Rinpoche's Masters of Meditation and Miracles: Lives of the Great Buddhist Masters of India and Tibet. While the biographical coverage of him only comprises about 18 pages, this work provides the clearest scope of the overall world of Jigme Lingpa, his line of incarnations, and the tradition and branches of teachings that stem from him. Here is Tulku Thondup Rinpoche's account of his revelation of the Longchen Nyingtik. "At twenty-eight, he discovered the extraordinary revelation of the Longchen Nyingthig cycle, the teachings of the Dharmakāya and Guru Rinpoche, as mind ter. In the evening of the twenty-fifth day of the tenth month of the Fire Ox year of the thirteenth Rabjung cycle (1757), he went to bed with an unbearable devotion to Guru Rinpoche in his heart; a stream of tears of sadness continuously wet his face because he was not 1 in Guru Rinpoche's presence, and unceasing words of prayers kept singing in his breath. -
The Mirror 7 March 1991
MARCH, 1991 ISSUE N° 7 FIRST YEAR The principle in Dzog-chen is the Mirror: THEMIRR R we should look at it THE INTERNATIONAL NEWSPAPER OF THE DZOGCHEN COMMUNITY to discover ourselves Founded by NAMKHAI NORBU RINPOCHE KALACHAKRA initiation A message to to be given by Dzog-chen His Holiness the Dalai Lama Community The Kalachakra initiation in New York will be the most outstanding event of the Year both in regard to culture, The Dzog-chen Community is the age-old rituals of religion, and the unchanged the base for developing tradition of the teaching of wisdom and selfrealization. His Holiness' teachings will be preceded by five days of knowledge, not structures of teachings on the Nature of Mind given by preeminent lamas from each of the five Tibetan religious traditions: power. Venerable Lopon Tenzin Namdhak, Bon tradition Venerable Trulshik Rinpoche, Nyingma tradition A speech in Tashigar, Argentina, by Venerable Tenga Rinpoche, Kagyu tradition Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche Kyabje Sakya Trizin Rinpoche, Sakya tradition Venerable Tara Rinpoche, Gelug tradition The Dzog-chen Community is not meant to be a This year has been nominated The Year of Tibet to promote hierarchy. If there were some official centers gover understanding and appreciation of a unique culture and ning other, secondary centers, we know that would tradition of many thousands of years. The events of the Year be contrary to the principle of the Dzog-chen Com wil Ibegin officially in April with the opening of an exhibition munity. But sometimes people do not understand of the Tibetan art: "Wisdom and Compassion: The Sacred Art the principle. -
Reading the Early Biography of the Tibetan Queen Yeshe Tsogyal
Literature and the Moral Life: Reading the Early Biography of the Tibetan Queen Yeshe Tsogyal The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Angowski, Elizabeth. 2019. Literature and the Moral Life: Reading the Early Biography of the Tibetan Queen Yeshe Tsogyal. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42029522 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Literature and the Moral Life: Reading the Early Biography of the Tibetan Queen Yeshe Tsogyal A dissertation presented by Elizabeth J. Angowski to The Committee on the Study of Religion in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of The Study of Religion Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts January 24, 2019 © 2019 Elizabeth J. Angowski All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Janet Gyatso Elizabeth J. Angowski Literature and the Moral Life: Reading the Early Biography of the Tibetan Queen Yeshe Tsogyal ABSTRACT In two parts, this dissertation offers a study and readings of the Life Story of Yeshé Tsogyal, a fourteenth-century hagiography of an eighth-century woman regarded as the matron saint of Tibet. Focusing on Yeshé Tsogyal's figurations in historiographical and hagiographical literature, I situate my study of this work, likely the earliest full-length version of her life story, amid ongoing questions in the study of religion about how scholars might best view and analyze works of literature like biographies, especially when historicizing the religious figure at the center of an account proves difficult at best. -
Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 38 Number 1 Article 9 June 2018 The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism Rachel H. Pang Davidson College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation Pang, Rachel H.. 2018. The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism. HIMALAYA 38(1). Available at: https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol38/iss1/9 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Singer of Tibet: Shabkar (1781-1851), the “Inescapable Nation,” and Buddhist Universalism Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Holly Gayley and the anonymous reviewers at HIMALAYA whose excellent suggestions improved this paper in fundamental ways. Thanks is also due to the participants and audience of the “Literature from the Himalayas: Rethinking the Region, Re-imagining the Identities” panel at ANHS’s Himalayan Studies Conference in Boulder (2017) - Lama Jabb, Pushpa Raj Acharya, Ranjan Adiga, Alok Amatya, Pallabi Gupta, Anu Thapa, Kritish Rajbhandari for their sincere and lively engagement with the ideas in an earlier version of this paper that helped expand the discussion of the role of literature in articulating identities. -
Vision of Samantabhadra - the Dzokchen Anthology of Rindzin Gödem
Vision of Samantabhadra - The Dzokchen Anthology of Rindzin Gödem Katarina Sylvia Turpeinen Helsinki, Finland M.A. University of Helsinki (2003) A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Religious Studies University of Virginia May 2015 Acknowledgements When I first came to the University of Virginia as a Ph.D. student in January 2005, I had no idea what journey had just started. During the course of my research, this journey took me to rigorous intellectual study and internal transformation, as well as leading me to explore Tibet and Nepal, and to more than four years of living in Tibetan religious communities in the Indian Himalayas. During my years of dissertation research, I was fortunate to meet a great array of bright, erudite, committed, kind, humble and spiritual minds, who have not only offered their help and inspiration, but also their deeply transformative example. I am particularly grateful to three individuals for their invaluable support in my dissertation project: Professor David Germano for his brilliant and patient guidance in all the stages of my research, Taklung Tsetrul Rinpoche for his extraordinary insight and kindness in my contemplative training and Khenpo Nyima Döndrup for his friendship, untiring answers to my questions about Northern Treasures scriptures and generous guidance to Tibetan religious culture. In addition to Khenpo Nyima Döndrup, I am very grateful to have been able to study the texts of The Unimpeded Realization and The Self-Emergent Self-Arisen Primordial Purity with several other learned teachers: Khenpo Chöwang from Gonjang monastery in Sikkim, Khenpo Lha Tsering from the Nyingma Shedra in Sikkim, Khenpo Sönam Tashi from Dorjé Drak monastery in Shimla, Khenpo Chöying from the Khordong monastery in Kham and Lopön Ani Lhamo from the Namdroling monastery in Bylakuppe. -
1 Contrasting Tsongkhapa and Longchenpa: Buddhist Diversity As a Resource for Comparative Theology John Makransky, Phd, Boston
Contrasting Tsongkhapa and Longchenpa: Buddhist Diversity as a Resource for Comparative Theology John Makransky, PhD, Boston College, May 2018 What often renders interreligious dialogue unproductive is the tendency for dialogue partners to essentialize their traditions, as if each were a uniform entity, e.g. “Buddhism says this; Christianity says that.” Dr. Perry Schmidt-Leukel argues that when we investigate the diversity of views in each religion on fundamental theological subjects, we find differences within each religion comparable to the kinds of differences we find between different religions. Schmidt-Leukel’s fractal theory of religions thus de-emphasizes uniformity by highlighting the tremendous internal diversity found in each religion.1 This means when we notice areas of doctrinal tension in one religion that generate competing intra-religious views of fundamental theological subjects, we may be discovering a resource to inform analogous doctrinal tensions equally fundamental in other religions. Buddhist thinkers have diverse, competing understandings of their doctrines, which can be seen to correspond to analogous doctrinal tensions in other religions. In this essay, I will discuss contrasting ways of relating human beings to ultimate reality in several areas of Buddhist reflection, focusing on Tibetan Buddhism as example. I will focus on two major figures of fourteenth to fifteenth century Tibet, Tsongkhapa (1357-1419) and Longchen Rabjampa (1308-1364) who share basic doctrinal themes of Buddhism, yet differ considerably in -
Translating the Words of the Buddha I Contents
Buddhist Literary Heritage Project Conference Proceedings Alex Trisoglio, Khyentse Foundation March 2009 March 2009 | Translating the Words of the Buddha i Contents Resolutions & Pledges Group Discussion ................................................................ 43 Breakout Groups on Community of Translators and Training Translators ..................................................... 46 Conference Resolutions............................................................ ii Jigme Khyentse Rinpoche.................................................. 50 Pledges ..................................................................................... iii Dzigar Kongtrül Rinpoche ................................................. 52 1. Introduction and Welcome 4. Leadership, Organisation, Next Steps Welcome: Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche................................... 1 Leadership ........................................................................... 54 Message from HH the 14th Dalai Lama (letter) ..................... 1 Organisational Structure ..................................................... 58 Remarks from HH Sakya Trizin (letter) ................................. 2 Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche Accepts Leadership Role . 60 Message from the late HH Mindrolling Trichen (letter) ....... 3 Message from Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche (video) .............. 61 Message from HH the 17th Karmapa (letter) ........................ 3 Tulku Pema Wangyal Rinpoche ........................................ 64 Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche ................................................ -
In Praise of Dependent Origination
The Commentary on Lama Tsongkhapa’s In Praise of Dependent Origination prepared from Khenpo Sodargye’s oral teaching in 2010 Wisdom & Compassion Dharma University For Internal Use Only The Commentary on In Praise of Dependent Origination based on Khenpo Sodargye’s oral teaching in 2010 TaBle of Contents A1. Opening .................................................................................................................................................... 6 B1. Title ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 B2. Homage ................................................................................................................................................ 6 C1. Homage in General ........................................................................................................................... 6 C2. Homage in Particular ........................................................................................................................ 6 A2. Main Text .................................................................................................................................................. 8 B1. Praise the Buddha for Teaching the Theory of Dependent Origination ................................................. 8 C1. The Seeing of Dependent Origination Can Eradicate the Root of Samsara ....................................... 8 C2. The Path of Dependent Origination Is the Essence of the Dharma ................................................