DOCSLIB.ORG

VOLUME I Brief Oepartment of Fisheries and Oceans Brief

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
VOLUME I Brief Oepartment of Fisheries and Oceans Brief Oepartment of Fisheries and Oceans Brief Submitted to The Royal Commission on Seals and the Sealing Industry in Canada VOLUME I VOLUME I Brief VOLUMES II-V Appendices May 1985 016989 TABLE or CONTENTS Page INTRIDUCTION ............ ............................... 1 SECTION 1 - THE ATLANTIC SEAL HUNT 1.1 General Description •••••••...•••••••••..••.. 2 1.2 Management of the Seal Hunt ••••••••••••••••• 3 1.2.1 Policy.......... ..... ... .... ..... 3 1.2_.2 The Process .••••••••••••.•...••.••••• 4 1.2.3 Population Assessment - harp seals.... 6 1.2.4 Management Measures - harp seals ••••• 7 1.2.5 PopUlation Assessments - hooded seals. 12 1.2.6 Management Measures - hooded seals ••• 15 1.3 Humane Killing Issue ...••.•.•.•......•..•.•• 18 1.4 The Committee on Seals and Sealing •••••••••• 19 1.5 Regulations.. .. 20 1.6 Sealer Training ...... ...................... 35 1.7 Public Information ............................... 35 1.8 Access to the Seal Hunt ....... 10 .................. .. 36 1.9 The Canada/Norway Sealing Commission ••••••• 39 1.10 International Issues ..•.•....•..•....•.••... 40 1.10.1 Import Bans ..................................... 40 1 .10.2 EEC Ban ........................................ 42 1.10.3 Fish Boycott Campaign •••••••••••••••• 45 1.10.4 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species •••••••••••• 47 -i- TABLE IF CONTENTS (Continued) Page 1 .11 Economics .......................... ""........................................ 50 1 .11 .. 1 History ............................................................ 50 1.11.2 Economic Aspects - Primary Industry.. 53 1.11.3 Economic Aspects - Secondary Industry. 58 1.11.4 Seal Pelt Exports •••••••••••••••••••• 63 1.11.5 Secondary Processing 65 1.11.6 Economic Impact •.....••.••..........• 67 1.11.7 Manufacture of Sealskin Products ••••• 69 1.12 Marketing ...................................................................... 70 1.12.1 The Market for Seal Fur and Leather.. 70 1.12.2 Market Characteristics ••••••••••••••• 71 1.12.3 Recent Developments •••••••••••••••••• 72 1.12.4 Current Market Conditions •••••••••••• 73 1.12.5 Market Outlook .............................................. 74 SECTION 2 - GREY AND HARBOUR SEALS •••••••••••••••••• 76 2.1 Grey Seal Popu~ation ••.••••••••••••.•••••• 76 2.2 Harbour Seal Population ••••••••••••••••••• 77 2.3 Seals Competing with Man for Food ••••••••• 77 2.4 Seal worm in Seals ...•..••..•...••.••••.••• 78 2.5 Seal worm in Fish ............ ".................................... .. 78 2.6 Bounty Program ..................................................... .. 81 2.7 Cull Program .............. .. .......................................... .. 82 2.8 Research Activities ••...•••••.........•..• 83 -ii- TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page SECTION 3 - PACIFIC COAST SEALS •••••••••••••••••••••• 86 . 3".1 Harbour Seal .............. "................................................. 86 J.2 Northern Elephant Seal .......................................... .. 87 3.3 Northern fur Seal ...................................................... 81 3.4 Steller Sea Lion ...................................................... .. 89 3.5 California Sea Lion .................................................. 90 SECTION 4 - SEALS AND SEALING IN CANADA'S NORTHERN AND ARCTIC REGIONS 91 4.1 Introduction.. .... ...... .. .. ...... .. ...... ...... .. .. .. ...... .. .. .. .. .. ...... 91 4.2 Distribution and Abundance of Arctic and Northern Seals •••••••••••••••••••••.••••• 93 4 .. 2 .. 1 Ringed Seal .................................................... 94 4.2.2 Harp Seal........................................................ 96 4.2.3 Bearded Seal......................... 97 4.2.4 Harbour and Hooded Seal.............. 97 4.3 Importance of Seals and Sealing in the North. 99 4.3.1 Seal Harvest ................................................ 99 4.3.2 Commercial Sealing .•.••••.•.......•.. 100 4.3.3 Domestic Use of Seals .•.••••••••••••• 103 SECTION 5 - HARP SEAL ENERGETICS, FOOD CONSUMPTION AND INTERACTIONS WITH FISHERIES ••.••• 112 5.1 Introduction. •• • . ••. .. • •• •• . • . ... 112 5.2 Feeding and Migration ••••.••.•••.•..•.•••••• 112 5.3 Effects of Increase in Population on the Ene rgy 8udget .•••..•....•.•.•••.•.... 113 5.4 Summary... ..•.•...•.......• ..•.. .•..•....... 114 REfERENCES APPENDICES • (see Volumes II-V) -iii- -1- INTRODUCTION: The Department of Fisheries · and Oceans of Canada is responsible for a wide range of activities which include fisheries management and research in coastal and inland waters; fisheries economic. development and marketing; international fisheries negotiBt.ions; oceanographic research; hydrographic surveying and charting; and the development and administration of fishing and recreational harbours. The main legislative base for the Department is the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Act, which established the Department in April 1979; and the Fisheries Act, which was enacted in 1867 in accordance with the responsibility for "sea-coast and inland fisheries" placed on the Federal Government by Section 91( 1 Z) of the Constitution Act, 1867. The Minister of Fisheries and Oceans is responsible to Parliament for administration of the laws relevant to Canada's fisheries, including the Seal Protection Regulations (C.R.C. 1978 c833 and amendments thereto) made under the Fisheries Act. This brief is intended to provide the Commission with information related to seals and sealing in Canadian waters. Emphasis had been placed on the activities of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans with respect to the management of these resources. Detailed discussion and background on some aspects of seals and sealing, such as the biology of seals, and the early history of the seal fisheries, have not been included in this brief as this information is available in publications produced elsewhere. Although the major portion of the material presented herein relates to the annual hunt for harp and hooded seals that takes place off the coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland (the Front) and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, sections dealing with grey seals, seals on the Pacific coast, and the harvesting of seals in the Arctic, are also included. As the brief represents a compilation of material for examination by the Commission, rather than a defence of the Department's past policies and actions, we have attempted, as far as possible, to present factual information rather than interpretation. -2- SECTION 1 - THE ATLANTIC SEAL HUNT General Description The annual hunt for harp and hooded seals takes place off the coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland (the Front) and in the Gulf. of St. Lawrence, principally around. the Magdalen Islands. The hunt, which has focused to a greater . extent on harp seals because of easieI' accessibility and greater abundance, involves licenced "landsmen" who go sealing on . foot or from small open boats or long!iners and, except for the 1984 arid · 1985 hUnts, offshore sealers operating from large vessels built to withstand heavy ice. In addition, and an a much smaller scale, there has been a hunt for harp seals on the Upper North Shore of the St. Lawrence, centered at Les Escoumins and Godbout and net fisheries along the Lower North Shore and the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador. Offshore sealing began in Newfoundland during the early 1800's and developed rapidly from about 80,000 pelts in 1805 to more than 280,000 in 1819; from 1830-1839 the average Newfoundland take exceeded 450,000 pelts including a peak catch of 687,000 in 1831. The average harvest remained around 450,00 pelts until the 1860's when it dropped to about 310,000 pelts, remaining around that level until World War I. From 1920-1939 the Newfoundland hunt produced an average of 150,000 pelts declining to about 35,000 during World War II. The above figures refer only to the catch of Newfoundland vessels and as such do not include seals taken by landsmen in the Gulf nor those taken by aboriginals in Northern Canada and Labrador. In 1946 Norway re-entered the fishery after making small catches in 1938 and 1939. Total harvest from the Gulf and Front rose from negligible levels during World War II to an average of 283,000 pelts in 1951-1960, and 280,000 during 1961-1970, peaking at more than 400,000 in both 1951 and 1956. During the 1970's quota regulations reduced the average take to 150,000 animals. Previous to the 1930's commmercial sealing was for oil and leather, which resulted in a concentration of hunting effort on the fat whitecoats. Refinements of processing techniques for furs changed the emphasis on pelt preferences to some extent, resulting in an increased proportion of bedlammers and adults in the catches during the 1950's and 1960's. Subsequently, regulations protecting whelping females and shortened hunting seasons reversed this trend such that, until 1983, the bulk of -3- the harvest of harp and hooded seals consisted of whitecoats (harp seal pups 3 to 10 days old, before their first moult) and bluebacks (hooded seal pups up to 1 year old). Due to lack of markets, there has been no commercial whitecoat or blueback harvest since 1982 and the number of large vessels participating in the hunt has declined from eight in 1982 to three in 1983 and none .in 1984 or 1985. Norwegian large vessels have not participated since 1982. Traditionally, the net fisheries on the Qu~bec North Shore, Labrador end Newfoundland have, for a number of communities, provided the major means to capture seals during their annual migrations. Recent trends, however, indicate
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The History and Practice of Bark Tanning in Newfoundland and Labrador
    Heritage NL Fieldnotes Series, 007, June 2020 The History and Practice of Bark Tanning in Newfoundland and Labrador [email protected] -- Heritage NL -- PO Box 5171, St. John’s, NL, Canada, A1C 5V5 By Katie Crane and Dale Gilbert Jarvis, Heritage NL Introduction In June 2017, Bell Island native, craft producer, and maker Clare Fowler appeared on Heritage NL’s Living Heritage Podcast to talk about her work, which focuses on the use of seal fur and seal leather. In the course of the conversation, she brought up the topic of seal skin leather boots, and the use of birch bark in tanning the leather. Regarding sealskin boots, she noted: They have such a historical and cultural significance on the Northern Peninsula. So many people have used them and they were just like a necessity of life. They're absolutely beautiful and stunning but not too many people are making them anymore and not too many people are doing the birch bark processing. I know a number of people who are experimenting with it but we were only able to track down one gentleman who was actually still doing it on somewhat of a small scale because the demand for it was lessening over time. The tradition of bark tanning and the use of bark mixtures for the preservation of textiles has a long history in Newfoundland and Labrador. This article traces the linguistic history of the verb form of the word bark, the use of bark as a preservative ​ ​ and colourant, describes the process involved in the creation of tanned materials in CRANE and JARVIS.
    [Show full text]
  • FURS: GENERAL INFORMATION by Elizabeth R
    2 Revised U. So DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Letter March 10 National Bureau of Standards Circular 1964 Washington, D. C. 20234 LCSSS FURS: GENERAL INFORMATION by Elizabeth R. Hosterman CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION 2 2. KINDS OF FURS: CHARACTERISTICS AND GEOGRAPHICAL 3 SOURCES 2.1 Rodent Family 4 (a) Water rodents 4 (b) Land rodents 4 2.2 Weasel Family 5 2.3 Cat Family 7 2.4 Dog Family S (a) Foxes 3 (b) Wolves a 2.5 Hoofed Animals 9 2.6 Bear-Raccoon Group 10 2.7 Miscellaneous 10 3. FUR MANUFACTURING 10 3.1 Curing and Dressing 10 3.2 Drying and Staking 11 3.3 Dyeing 13 4. SELECTION OF FURS BY CONSUMERS 15 4.1 Cost 15 4 . Use and Durability 16 4.3 Where To Buy 16 4.4 Labels 17 4.5 Workmanship IS 4.6 Quality 19 4.7 Genuine or Simulated 19 4.3 Fit, Style, and Color 19 5. CARE OF FURS 20 5.1 Home and Wearing Care 20 5.2 Storage Care 21 5.3 Cleaning of Furs 21 6. GLOSSARY OF TERMS 22 7 » BIBLIOGRAPHY 23 2 1. INTRODUCTION Both leather dressing and fur dressing have an origin which may be regarded as identical and which date back to a hazy period of antiquity. Ancient man killed animals in order to obtain food. The animals also furnished a skin which, after undergoing certain treatments, could be used as a covering for the body. Man had to, and did, find some means of preventing decay in a more or less permanent fashion.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dukes County Intelligencer, Fall 2010
    Journal of History of Martha’s Vineyard and the Elizabeth Islands THE DUKES COUNTY INTELLIGENCER VOL. 52, NO. 1 FALL 2010 WRECK & RESCUE: The Mertie B. Crowley by HERBERT R. WARD INVENTIVE ISLANDERS U.S. Patent Records Tell A Tale of Creativity by CHRIS BAER PLUS: Student Essays: Early Vineyard Medicine This advertisement for Luxemoor leather products, produced in Vineyard Haven, appeared in the 1905 edition of The Craftsman. Wrote the magazine: “‘Luxemoor’ leather is a genuine article of unquestioned artistic merit History on Main Street combined with exclusive decorative effects which cannot be obtained elsewhere.” (See story, page 15) The Remarkable Polly Hill From the Executive Director Membership Dues Student ..........................................$25 Following in the footsteps of the late Ann Allen (see below), the Individual .....................................$55 Museum has opened these pages to welcome the papers of students (Does not include spouse) assigned to research Island history. Family ...........................................$75 This is the second edition featuring student work and we are hopeful Sustaining ...................................$125 that this new tradition will become a fixture in the growing collaboration Patron .......................................$250 between the Museum and the Martha’s Vineyard Public Schools. Benefactor ..................................$500 One of the objectives of the Museum is to strengthen our relationship President’s Circle .....................$1000 with the schools, to have a more active participation in curriculum Memberships are development, and to be a greater resource for all grades and subjects. The tax deductible. Museum’s collections are an unparalleled asset to scholars of all ages and For more information on membership educational levels, and we especially enjoy having the youngest scholars levels and benefits, please visit delve into our archives.
    [Show full text]
  • IS 1640 (2007): Glossary of Terms Relating to Hides, Skins and Leather [CHD 17: Leather, Tanning Materials and Allied Products]
    इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान का अधकार, जी का अधकार” “परा को छोड न 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 1640 (2007): Glossary of terms relating to hides, skins and leather [CHD 17: Leather, Tanning Materials and Allied Products] “ान $ एक न भारत का नमण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda “Invent a New India Using Knowledge” “ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी चराया नह जा सकताह ै”ै Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 1640:2007 wi,m+k WET * TT1’R$nf$% ● WwI+ll Indian Standard GLOSSARY OF TERMS RELATING TO HIDES, SKINS AND LEATHER (First Revision,) ICS 01.040.59; 59.140.20 0 BIS 2007 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 December 2007 Price Group 16 Leather Tanning Materials and Allied Products Sectional Committee, CHD 17 FOREWORD This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Leather, Tanning Materials and Allied Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicholas Hadgraft Ph.D University College London ^^^^
    English Fifteenth Century Book Structures Nicholas Hadgraft Ph.D University College London ^^^^ ELO,^DIN.. UNIY , 2 Acknowledgements It is impossible to thank all of those people who have offered help and advice over the past seven years of my research. However, I know that those who are not mentioned will understand the need for brevity. First, I would like to thank Francis Hookham who has somehow managed to organise my computer skills; there can be no doubt that without his support and advice these findings would never have reached fruition. He is also responsible for introducing me to the very exacting skills of Dr. Raymond Kelly who, at short notice, provided some critical proof reading. My understanding of book structures has grown over many years, and there are three mentors who must not go without mention. Christopher Clarkson was my tutor at West Dean College from 1987 to 1989. I am immensely grateful to Christopher for his generosity in teaching a subject of which he is the contemporary pioneer. From 1984 to 1987, I worked as the Conservation Assistant to the Parker Library whilst Dr. Nicholas Pickwoad was the Consultant, and it was during this time that I learned to appreciate book structures. Professor Raymond Page was the driving force behind the new projects in the Parker Library during the 1980s and early 1990s. He developed a vital centre of study, and actively encouraged those people working there to initiate research on the collections. I owe him a great deal for his encouragement and support. I would like to thank Cheryl who somehow managed to persuade me to complete this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Star in the Window
    This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com THE STAR IN THE WINDOW FLAG DESIGN PAT . NOV . 6 , 1917 - DU WANT A GOOD LOOK ON THE OTHER THIS WRAPPER FOR A MORE THAN 500 TITLES BEST RECENT COPY FICTION IN POPU ! .. " DITIONS . CAR IN WINT " E HIGO " e , General Manager , " Etc. saye of twenty - five , a Jerome is a submis eature , bullied by her nd harassed by her in mother . Goaded to ition , she rebels and home to enjoy inde ce . Almost the first she meets is a big | but uncouth sailor . ve story is unusual and , and so , we have the in the Window " of : rn old house on the d the star in the hearts n old people who live It is a love story which , young or old , can 8 THE STAR IN THE WINDOW THE STAR IN THE WINDOW A NOVEL BY OLIVE HIGGINS PROUTY AUTHOR OF BOBBIE , GENERAL MANAGER , THE FIFTH WHEEL , ETC. NEW YORK GROSSET & DUNLAP PUBLISHERS Copyright , 1918 , by FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY All rights reserved , including that of translation into foreign languages ΤΟ Τ . Ρ . THE STAR IN THE WINDOW CHAPTER I HESTNUT STREET led off Main at right CH angles . It shot up over a hill straight and un compromisingly , and down again on the other side . At the crest of the hill the Jerome house stood — a huge , plain , square affair painted battleship gray , and approached by three formidable flights of granite steps .
    [Show full text]
  • Emblem Catalog, 1958
    JUNIOR BASEBALL MEMORIAM ucoor*' BLOOD DONATION O SCHOOL FLAG PRESENTATION - v ^ ll S POPPY REHABILITATION CHILD WELFARE 8 American American American American Legion American Legion American Legion ITEM Legion Auxiliary ITEM Legion Auxiliary ITEM Legion Auxiliary Accounting Records 29 Desk — continued Outdoor Signs 28 Addresser 30 30 Flags 19 19 Outdoor Flags 18, 19 18, 19 Alarm Clocks 27 27 Paperweights 27, 29 29 Pamphlets 17,30,46 17, 46 American’s Creed Plaque 46 46 Pens 13,32 13, 32 Paper Cups, Dishes, Napkins 26 26 Arm Bands 23 23 Diamonds 10, 12 40 Paperweights Ash Trays 26, 27 43 Dishes 27,29 29 Pass Cases 32 32 Atomizer 43 China 26 26 Paper, Bond 46 Athletic Apparel 4 4 Paper 26 26 Past Officers Auto Emblems and Plates 22 22 Drapes, Panel 18 18 Badges 11 40 Baby Spoons 43 Earrings 44, 45 Buttons 10 40 Badges Emblems Cap Insignia. 23 Ceremonial 1 1 40 Auto 22 22 Cards 46 Identification 46 46 Bronze 20 20 Embroidered Titles 23 Bags, Mesh 42 Cuts, Printing 31 31 Jewelry 10,11 40, 44, 45 Ball Point Pens 13,14,32 13,14,32 Decals 22 22 Pins 10 40 Banners 16 16 Embroidered 23 Rings 12 40, 43 Bannerettes 18 18 Outdoor 28 Patriotic Plaques 46 46 Banquet Tables 25 25 Seals 22 22 Pen and Pencil Sets 13, 14, 32 13, 14, 32 Barometer 27 27 Slide Films 30 Pendants 44, 45 Baseball Perfumettes 43, 45 Flags Emblems 23 Photo Albums 42 Accessories 16 16 Medals 38 Pill Boxes 43 All Purpose Home 18 18 Shirts Placards 30 8 Banners 16 16 Plaques Tie Clasp .
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 1850-1890: the Dawn of Modern Clothing
    Chapter 1 1850-1890: The Dawn of Modern Clothing This Teacher’s Guide, compiled with the assistance of Stephanie Kramer, is designed to provide you with a summary of the key points in the development of fashion during the period/decade covered in this chapter. It also provides a concise survey of the significant designers of the time, essay and discussion questions, and further reading and research suggestions. Objective The main objective of this chapter is to study the development of fashion during the second half of the 19th century, particularly the establishment of those aspects of the fashion system that are still in place today. Fashion in this period reflected the latest developments in engineering, chemistry, and communication and witnessed development of the role of the “fashion designer.” Key Teaching Points The following teaching points have been arranged thematically and highlight the important topics that need to be covered in order to meet the main objective of the chapter. Social and Economic Background • Britain o reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901); stress on propriety and etiquette o rapid industrialization o expanding overseas empire • United States o impact of Civil War (1861-1865) on global trade o emergence as industrial power • France o reestablishment of court during Second Empire (begins 1852, ends with Franco-Prussian war 1870) o transformation of Paris into fashionable modern city • Japan o opens borders (1853-1854) o goods enter the Western market and impact Western tastes The Arts • Orientalism and Academic
    [Show full text]
  • Full Proceedings
    ICOM COMMITTEE FOR CONSERVATION Working Group no 10 Conservation of Leathercraft and Related Objects Interim Meeting on the Treatment of and Research into Leather, in Particular of Ethnographic Objects at the Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science Amsterdam 5 - 8 April 1995 1 Postprints of the fourth Interim Meeting of the ICOM Committee for Conservation Working Group 10, Conservation of Leathercraft and Related Objects, 5- 8 April 1995 in Amsterdam. Editors: P.B. Hallebeek, J.A. Mosk DTP: J.A. Mosk Word processing: S.F. Fontijn ©1997 Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage (containing the former Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Centraal Laboratorium voor Onderzoek van Voorwerpen van Kunst en Wetenschap), Amsterdam The illustrations were provided by the authors. Digital scans of photographs were made through the kind co-operation of Bas van Velzen, Amsterdam. Digital Reprint © 2014 by the ICOM-CC Working Group on Leather and Related Materials 2 Contents Preface Pieter B. Hallebeek, co-ordinator and Marion Kite, assistant co-ordinator........................................................ 5 The Transfer and Restoration of an Eighteenth Century- Gilt Leather Screen Thomas Bilson, Céline Bonnot .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Tensioning Gilded and Painted Leather: a Research Project Mariabianca Paris .......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ed 232 698 Author Title Institution Report No Pub Date Note Available from Pub Type Edrs Price Descriptors Identifiers Abstract
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 232 698 IR 050 352 AUTHOR Roberts, Matt T.; Etherington, Don TITLE Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books. A Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. REPORT NO ISBN-0-8444-0366-0 PUB DATE 82 NOTE 318p.; Photographs will not reproduce. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 (LC 1.2:864/3). PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) reference Meterials - Vocabularies/Classifications/Dictionaries (134) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Archives; Biographies; *Books; Definitions; *Preservation IDENTIFIERS *Book Binding; Rare Books ABSTRACT Intended for bookbinders and conservators oflibrary and archival material and for those workingin related fields, such as bibliography and librarianship, this dictionary contains definitions for the nomenclature of bookbindingand the conservation of archival material, illustrations ofbookbinding equipment and processes, and biographical vignettes of notable binders. Detailsof the history of bookbinding and discussionsof materials used are included, where applicable, in the definitions.In addition, definitions provide answers to questions,e.g., the best treatment for leather bindings, and useful items ofinformation, e.g., the standard sizes of paper. It is notedthat the definitions were drawn, whenever possible, from the most authoritativesources available. Sources for definitions are indicated by numberswhich refer to the 373-item bibliography included atthe
    [Show full text]
  • Fishing for Seals English.Pdf
    Maro Adjemian, Adrienne Blattel and Monica Green Labrador Basse-Côte-Nord La Tabatière Québec Mutton Bay Sept-Îles N Golfe du Saint-Laurent Terre-Neuve CANADA St-Jean Québec Nouveau- I.-P.-É. Brunswick Océan Montréal Nouvelle- É-U Écosse Atlantique “The country around is all my own much farther than you can see. No fees, no lawyers, no taxes are here. I do pretty much Introduction as I choose. My means are ample through my own industry. People have been coming to the rugged north The seal fishery ended in the 1980s, and These vessels come for sealskins, seal oil, and salmon, and shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence for nearly with it, an important part of the region’s give me in return all the necessities, and indeed comforts, 9,000 years because of its exceptionally rich culture. Seal fishing was once central to the of the life I love to follow.” marine resources. During their annual migra- economy of the Lower North Shore. Today, - Samuel Robertson, 1833 tion from the Arctic, thousands of harp seals few Canadians even know of the existence of pass by this coastline, known as the Quebec this historic industry. Despite the controversy Lower North Shore. In the 18th century, surrounding the capture of seals, this story has officials from New France began fishing seals a place alongside the cod fishery and fur trade commercially along these shores. Permanent as a significant part of Canadian history. This settlers arrived in the 19th century and a string booklet tells the largely unknown story of the of isolated villages sprang up alongside a seal fishery, part of the rich cultural heritage of large-scale seal fishing industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Hide and Skin: an Alaska Tannery Conundrum by Jeri Rubin and Irfan Ahmed1
    Hide and Skin: An Alaska Tannery Conundrum By Jeri Rubin and Irfan Ahmed1 Abstract: Kellie Olanna and Roger Nayokpuk were co-managers of Shishmaref Traditional Industries (STI), a tannery and small enterprise in the village of Shishmaref, Alaska. The village is located on Sarichef Island in the Chukchi Sea, just north of the Bering Strait and five miles from the Alaska mainland. STI custom tans furs and hides and retails tanned furs and hides as well as finished fur and hide products. STI is facing an uncertain market, an unreliable supply chain, and dated machinery that inhibits its ability to excel in its business. STI has made a decision to seek funding for new machinery and facilities expansion. In order to justify and support the decision to expand the tannery and undertake a major investment, Olanna and Nayopuk need to conduct industry and market analyses to determine the attractiveness of STI’s industry and market. After a long day at the tannery, Kellie Olanna and Roger Nayokpuk were ready to head home. The temperature had gone down to ten degrees below zero that day. They were glad Roger’s children had agreed to give them a ride. Being pulled home in a bearskin lined sled by all-terrain vehicle was definitely better than walking. On the ride home, Kellie and Roger talked about how things were going at the tannery. They were concerned. The tannery needed upgrading and demand for its products was decreasing. They wanted to help their village survive: with few ways to earn income, their subsistence-based village often struggled to generate the funds it needed.
    [Show full text]