Appendix 9.2 Plant Species Recorded Within the Assessment Area

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Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Alopecurus aequalis herb native common (2) - ++ Alpinia hainanensis perennial herb native very common - ++ Alpinia oblongifolia perennial herb native common - ++ Alpinia zerumbet perennial herb exotic cultivated - ++ Alternanthera perennial herb exotic common (2) - ++ philoxeroides Alternanthera sessilis perennial herb native common (2) - ++ ++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Agricultural Area Storm Water Fishponds Mudflat / Native/ Developed Distribution in Protection Village / Drain / Natural Modified and Coastal Scientific Name Growth Form Exotic to Area / Plantation Grassland Shrubland Woodland Marsh Mangrove Hong Kong (1) Status Orchard Recreational Watercourse Watercourse Mitigation Water Hong Kong Wasteland Dry Wet Pond Ponds Body Amaranthus tricolor herb exotic - - ++ Amaranthus viridis herb native very common - +++ + + ++ ++ Annona squamosa tree exotic - - + +++ + + Apium graveolens herb exotic - - + very common; Apluda mutica perennial herb native - ++ ++ + +++ common (2) Aporusa dioica tree native very common - + ++ ++++ Listed under Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap. 586); Aquilaria sinensis tree native common "Class II" in List of + + ++ Wild Plant under State Protection; "Vulnerable" in China Plant Red Data Book; "Vulnerable" in IUCN Red List Araucaria heterophylla tree exotic - - ++ ++ Archidendron clypearia tree native common - ++ + ++ Archidendron lucidum tree native common - + + Archontophoenix tree palm exotic - - ++ alexandrae Ardisia crenata shrub native common - ++ ++ Ardisia punctata herb native common - + Ardisia quinquegona shrub native common - ++ +++ Artocarpus heterophyllus tree exotic common - ++ +++ ++ ++ Asparagus climbing herb native common - ++ ++ cochinchinensis Aster subulatus perennial herb exotic common (2) - ++ ++ + Averrhoa carambola small tree exotic cultivated; common - ++ ++++ + + + Avicennia marina tree native common - ++ perennial Axonopus compressus procumbent exotic common - +++ ++++ herb shrub or small Baeckea frutescens native very common - ++++ tree Bambusa spp. bamboo - - - + clumped tree Bambusa ventricosa native - - + bamboo Bambusa vulgaris bamboo exotic - - ++ ++ Bauhinia x blakeana tree or shrub native - - ++++ ++ +++ + Bauhinia championii climber: vine native common - +++ ++ + Bauhinia glauca climber: vine native very common - ++ ++ Bauhinia variegata tree - common - ++++ +++ + ++ Benincasa hispida herbaceous vine exotic - - + Berchemia racemosa climbing shrub native common - + Beta vulgaris herb exotic cultivated - + Bidens alba herb exotic very common - ++++ ++++ +++ ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ +++ ++ Bidens pilosa herb exotic very common - ++ Bischofia javanica tree native common - ++ Blechnum orientale herb native very common - ++ + ++ +++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Brachiaria mutica herb exotic common (2) - ++ ++ ++++ +++ +++ + ++ Brassica oleracea herb exotic cultivated - +++ Brassica chinensis biennial herb exotic - - +++ Brassica juncea - - - - + Brassica oleracea herb exotic cultivated - ++ Brassica parachinensis biennial herb exotic - - + Brassica pekinensis biennial herb exotic - - + Breynia fruticosa shrub native very common - + ++ ++ shrub or small Bridelia tomentosa native very common - +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ +++ ++ tree Broussonetia papyrifera tree native very common - ++++ ++ ++ Bryophyllum pinnatum herb exotic common - + Caesalpinia bonduc climber: vine native restricted - + Calliandra shrub exotic common - +++ ++ haematocephala Callicarpa kochiana shrub native common - ++ ++ Callicarpa spp. shrub - - - + Callistemon viminalis tree exotic - - ++ Canna indica herb exotic - - +++ + Capsella bursa-pastoris biennial herb native common - + Carallia brachiata tree native common - + Carica papaya tree exotic - - + ++++ ++++ Caryota maxima tree palm exotic - - +++ +++ ++ ++ Senna alata shrub exotic common - + Senna siamea tree exotic common - ++ ++ Senna surattensis shrub exotic common - +++ ++ Cassytha filiformis climber native very common - ++ +++ Castanopsis fissa tree native common - ++ + Casuarina equisetifolia tree exotic - - +++ + +++ +++ Catharanthus roseus herb exotic common - + ++ Cayratia corniculata herbaceous vine native common - ++ ++ Celosia argentea herb native very common - + Celtis sinensis tree native common - +++ + + +++ + ++++ ++++ + procumbent very common; Centella asiatica native - + + + ++ herb common (2) Centotheca lappacea perennial herb native common - ++ ++ Cerbera manghas tree native common - + Chloris barbata herb native very common - +++ ++ + ++ + Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Listed under Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap. 586); Cibotium barometz large herb native common + "Category II" in Wild Plant under State protection; Rare and Precious Plants of Hong Kong: Vulnerable tree or large Cinnamomum burmannii native - - +++ +++ + ++ shrub Cinnamomum camphora large tree native common - + ++ ++ Citrus limonia small tree exotic - - + Citrus limonia small tree exotic planted - ++ Citrus maxima tree exotic widely planted - + ++ + Citrus reticulata tree exotic - - ++ ++ Citrus sinensis tree exotic common - ++ ++ + Clausena lansium small tree exotic common - ++ ++++ + ++ Clerodendrum fortunatum shrub native common - ++ Codiaeum variegatum shrub exotic - - + + + Colocasia esculenta herb exotic common (2) - ++ ++ +++ common; very Commelina diffusa herb native - + + +++ ++ common (2) Commelina spp. herb - - - ++ ++ Conyza canadensis herb exotic very common - +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ ++ perennial Cordyline fruticosa exotic - - + shrubby herb Coriandrum sativum herb exotic - - + ++ + Cratoxylum tree or shrub native very common - ++ ++ +++ cochinchinense Crinum asiaticum var. herb native restricted - + sinicum Crotalaria pallida herb exotic common - ++ Cucumis sativus herbaceous vine exotic - - + Cuscuta chinensis parasitic herb native common - ++ +++ ++ ++ ++ common; very Cyclosorus interruptus herb native - + ++ common (2) Cyclosorus parasiticus herb native very common - +++ + ++ Cynodon dactylon perennial herb native very common - ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + +++ Cyperus involucratus herb exotic restricted - ++ + ++ ++ + common; Cyperus malaccensis herb native - ++ uncommon (2) Cyperus rotundus herb native very common - ++ + Cyperus spp. herb - - - ++ + ++ Cyrtococcum patens herb native very common - ++ + Dactyloctenium herb native common - ++ aegyptium Daphniphyllum calycinum tree native common - ++ ++ Datura metel shrub native common - + Daucus carota var. sativa perennial herb exotic - - + Delonix regia tree exotic - - ++++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Agricultural Area Storm Water Fishponds Mudflat / Native/ Developed Distribution in Protection Village / Drain / Natural Modified and Coastal Scientific Name Growth Form Exotic to Area / Plantation Grassland Shrubland Woodland Marsh Mangrove Hong Kong (1) Status Orchard Recreational Watercourse Watercourse Mitigation Water Hong Kong Wasteland Dry Wet Pond Ponds Body Dendrotrophe varians woody vine native common - ++ ++ + Desmos chinensis woody vine native common - ++ Dianella ensifolia herb native very common - ++ +++ +++ Dicranopteris pedata herb native very common - + +++ ++++ ++ restricted but widely Dimocarpus longan tree exotic - +++ ++++ ++ + ++ cultivated (1) Dioscorea spp. - - - - + ++ Diospyros morrisiana tree native very common - + Dracaena fragrans shrub exotic - - ++ Duchesnea indica perennial herb native restricted - + Dypsis lutescens tree exotic very common - + Eichhornia crassipes floating herb exotic common (2) - + + Elephantopus scaber perennial herb native common - ++ ++ Elephantopus perennial herb native common - ++ ++ tomentosus Eleusine indica herb native very common - +++ +++ ++ ++ ++ Eleutherococcus climbing shrub native restricted - + trifoliatus Embelia laeta climber: vine native very common - + Emilia sonchifolia herb native very common - + ++ + + ++ tall climbing Epipremnum aureum exotic - - ++ +++ + plant Eremochloa ciliaris herb native very common - ++ Eriobotrya japonica small tree exotic cultivated - ++ +++ + Erythrina speciosa small tree exotic - - + Eucalyptus citriodora tree exotic cultivated - +++ +++ + Eucalyptus robusta tree exotic cultivated - ++ ++ Eucalyptus spp. tree exotic cultivated; common - ++++ + Eucalyptus torelliana tree exotic cultivated - +++ +++ Praxelis clematidea perennial herb exotic very common - +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ Euphorbia hirta herb exotic - - ++++ ++++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ Euphorbia milii shrub exotic cultivated - ++ Euphorbia pulcherrima shrub exotic common - ++ Euphorbia thymifolia herb native common - ++ ++ ++ Eurya chinensis shrub native very common - + + shrub or small Eurya nitida native very common - ++ + tree Ficus benjamina tree exotic common, cultivated - ++ Ficus elastica tree exotic cultivated - +++ ++ ++ + shrub or small Ficus hirta native common - + ++ ++ +++ tree shrub or small Ficus hispida native very common - +++ +++ +++ ++ +++ ++++ ++++ ++ tree Ficus microcarpa tree native common - ++ +++ ++ ++ climbing woody Ficus pumila native very common - + ++ + vine restricted; widely Ficus religiosa tree exotic - + planted Ficus subpisocarpa tree native common - + Ficus variegata shrub native common - + + ++ Ficus virens tree native common - ++ + + + ++ Fragaria ananassa perennial herb exotic - - + Gardenia jasminoides shrub native common - + Glochidion eriocarpum shrub native very common - ++ IUCN Red List: Gnetum luofuense woody vine native very common + ++ Near Threatened Gordonia axillaris shrub native common - ++ ++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Lagerstroemia speciosa large tree exotic - - ++ ++ Lantana camara shrub exotic very common - ++++ +++ + + ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ +++ ++ Lantana montevidensis shrub exotic - - + Leersia hexandra perennial herb native common (2) - + + ++ floating small Lemna minor native common (2) - ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + herb very common; Lepidosperma chinense herb native - +++ ++ common (2) Leucaena leucocephala small tree exotic common - ++++ +++ ++ ++++ ++ + ++ small tree or Ligustrum sinense native common - +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ shrub Liquidambar formosana tree native common - +++ ++ + Liriope spicata perennial herb native very common - ++ +++ ++ restricted but widely Litchi chinensis tree exotic - ++++ + + ++ planted shrub or small Litsea cubeba native common - + +++ tree Litsea glutinosa tree native very common - ++ + +++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Melastoma sanguineum shrub native common - +++ Melia azedarach tree exotic common - +++ ++ + ++ + ++ ++ shrub or small Melicope pteleifolia native common - ++ ++ + tree Michelia x alba tree exotic widely planted - ++ +++ shrub or small Microcos nervosa native common - +++ +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ tree Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Agricultural Area Storm Water Fishponds Mudflat / Native/ Developed Distribution in Protection Village / Drain / Natural Modified and Coastal Scientific Name Growth Form Exotic to Area / Plantation Grassland Shrubland Woodland Marsh Mangrove Hong Kong (1) Status Orchard Recreational Watercourse Watercourse Mitigation Water Hong Kong Wasteland Dry Wet Pond Ponds Body perennial very common; Microstegium ciliatum procumbent native - + ++ ++ + +++ ++ common (2) herb Mikania micrantha climbing herb exotic very common - +++ ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ + ++ ++ ++ Mimosa pudica herb exotic very common - +++ ++ ++ Miscanthus floridulus perennial herb native common - + +++ Miscanthus sinensis perennial herb native very common - + + + ++ +++ ++++ ++ Monstera deliciosa climbing shrub exotic - - ++ Morus alba tree or shrub native common - ++ +++ + ++ Murraya paniculata small tree exotic common - ++ ++ Musa x paradisiaca perennial herb exotic - - ++ ++ ++ + +++ Mussaenda erosa climbing shrub native common - +++ +++ Mussaenda pubescens climbing Shrub native very common - ++ Nasturtium officinale aquatic herb exotic - - +++ Nerium oleander large shrub exotic common - ++ very common; Neyraudia reynaudiana perennial herb native - ++ ++ + + ++ +++ ++ ++ ++ +++ common (2) Ocimum basilicum herb native - - ++ ++ ++ Oncidium sphacelatum herb - - - ++ ++ Origanum majorana herb exotic - - + Osmanthus fragrans tree or shrub exotic - - ++ ++++ Oxalis corniculata perennial herb native very common - +++ ++++ ++ ++ +++ +++ Oxalis debilis perennial herb exotic common - ++++ ++++ +++ +++ ++++ +++ ++ Paederia scandens climber: vine native very common - ++ ++ ++ ++ + Paeonia spp. - - - - + + very common; Panicum brevifolium herb native - + common (2) Panicum maximum perennial herb exotic very common - +++ + + ++ ++ ++ +++ +++ +++ Panicum repens perennial herb native very common (2) - ++ ++ Paraixeris denticulata biennial herb native common - + Parthenocissus dalzielii woody vine exotic - - +++ Paspalum conjugatum perennial herb exotic common - +++ Paspalum orbiculare herb native - - + Paspalum paspaloides herb native - - ++ Passiflora foetida herbaceous vine exotic very common - + Listed under Forests and Pavetta hongkongensis tree or shrub native common Countryside + Ordinance (Cap. 96) Peltophorum tree exotic cultivated + pterocarpum - Pennisetum perennial herb native common - +++ +++ ++ + ++ alopecuroides Pennisetum polystachion herb exotic very common - ++ +++ Phoenix hanceana tree palm native common - ++ very common; Phragmites australis perennial herb native - ++ + common (2) Phyllanthus shrub native very common - + +++ ++ cochinchinensis Phyllanthus emblica tree or shrub native very common - ++ Phyllanthus reticulatus climber native common - + Phyllanthus urinaria herb native common - + + Pinus elliottii tree exotic common - +++ + Pinus massoniana tree native common +++ + Pinus spp. - - - - ++ + ++ Pisum sativum climbing herb exotic - - ++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa shrub native very common - + + ++++ + shrub or small Rhus chinensis native common - + +++ ++ tree shrub or small Rhus hypoleuca native common - ++ ++ ++ tree shrub or small Rhus succedanea native common - + + + ++ ++ tree Rhynchelytrum repens herb exotic very common - +++ ++ +++ ++ ++ Ricinus communis shrub exotic restricted - ++ ++ +++ + Rosa rugosa Thunb. shrub exotic - - +

Rosmarinus officinalis herb - - - + Roystonea regia tree exotic widely planted - ++ Rubus parvifolius climbing shrub native common - +++ +++ Rubus reflexus climbing shrub native very common - ++ ++ ++ ++ Saccharum officinarum perennial herb exotic cultivated - ++ Sageretia thea shrub native very common - ++ ++ Salix babylonica tree exotic common - +++ Sansevieria trifasciata perennial herb exotic - - +++ +++ + + Sapindus saponaria tree native common - ++ Sapium discolor tree native very common - ++ ++ ++ Sapium sebiferum tree native common - + + + ++ Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Agricultural Area Storm Water Fishponds Mudflat / Native/ Developed Distribution in Protection Village / Drain / Natural Modified and Coastal Scientific Name Growth Form Exotic to Area / Plantation Grassland Shrubland Woodland Marsh Mangrove Hong Kong (1) Status Orchard Recreational Watercourse Watercourse Mitigation Water Hong Kong Wasteland Dry Wet Pond Ponds Body Sarcandra glabra shrub native very common - ++ Sauropus spatulifolius shrub exotic - - ++ Schefflera actinophylla tree exotic - - + Schefflera arboricola shrub exotic - - +++ Schefflera heptaphylla tree native very common - ++ ++ ++ ++ ++++ Schima superba tree native common - ++ ++ Selaginella spp. herb - - - ++ + Senecio scandens perennial herb native common - + + + Sesbania cannabina herb exotic common - ++ + +++ Smilax china climbing shrub native very common - + +++ +++ Smilax corbularia climbing shrub native Common - + ++ Smilax glabra climbing shrub native very common - ++ ++ Solanum americanum herb exotic very common - ++ ++ + + Solanum mammosum erect herb exotic - - + ++ herb or Solanum melongena exotic cultivated - ++ subshrub Solanum nigrum herb native common - ++ ++ Solanum torvum shrub exotic common - ++ + ++ climbing Solena amplexicaulis native very common - + + ++ herbaceous vine Sonchus oleraceus herb exotic very common - ++ +++ shrub or small Sonneratia apetala exotic - - + tree Spathodea campanulata tree exotic - - +++ +++ + Stachytarpheta herb exotic common - + jamaicensis Stephania longa climber: vine native common - +++ ++ ++ semi-deciduous Sterculia lanceolata native very common - ++ ++ + ++ ++ + ++ + ++++ tree Strophanthus divaricatus woody vine native common - ++ +++ +++ Strychnos angustiflora woody vine native common - + Styrax suberifolius tree native common - + Swietenia mahagoni tree exotic cultivated - ++ Syngonium podophyllum herb exotic - - ++ + + shrub or small Syzygium buxifolium native common - + tree Syzygium jambos tree exotic common - +++ +++ ++ +++ + ++ Syzygium levinei tree native common - + + ++ Terminalia catappa tree exotic widely cultivated - +++ Tetracera asiatica woody vine native very common - +++ +++ Tetradium glabrifolium tree native common - + + shrub or small Thevetia peruviana exotic - - +++ ++ tree Thuja orientalis tree exotic - - + + Toddalia asiatica climbing shrub native restricted - ++ Trema orientalis small tree native common - + ++ + + Trema tomentosa shrub native common - + ++ Tropaeolum majus perennial herb exotic - - ++ ++ + slender woody Tylophora ovata native common - ++ vine Uraria crinita subshrub native common - + +++ ++ woody climbing Uvaria macrophylla native common - ++ + ++ +++ shrub Vernonia cinerea herb native very common - ++ ++ + + + shrub or small Viburnum odoratissimum native very common - + ++ tree Appendix 9.2: Plant Species Recorded within the Assessment Area

Note: (1) Corlett, R., Xing, F., Ng, S. C., Chau, L., Wong, L. (2000). Hong Kong Vascular Plants: Distribution and Status. Memoirs of the Hong Kong Natural History Society. 23:1-3. (2) Yip, Y., Yip, K. L., Liu, K. U., Ngar Y. N., Lai, C. C. (2010). A Floristic Survey of Marshes in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Biodiversity. Issue No. 19. (3) This species was planted at the roadside plantation area and it was not considered as species of conservation importance. Species of conservation importance are in bold type face.