Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Clypeasteroida: Scutellina) John M
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Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY OF THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION AT WOODS HOLE, MASSACHUSETTS. THE ECHINODERMS OE THE WOODS HOLE REGION. BY HUBERT LYMAN CLARK, Professor of Biology Olivet College .. , F. C. B. 1902—35 545 G’G-HTEMrS. Page. Echinoidea: Page. Introduction 547-550 Key to the species 562 Key to the classes 551 Arbacia punctlilata 563 Asteroidea: Strongylocentrotus drbbachiensis 563 Key to the species 552 Echinaiachnius parma 564 Asterias forbesi 552 Mellita pentapora 565 Asterias vulgaris 553 Holothurioidea: Asterias tenera 554 Key to the species 566 Asterias austera 555 Cucumaria frondosa 566 Cribrella sanguinolenta 555 Cucumaria plulcherrkna 567 Solaster endeca 556 Thyone briareus 567 Ophiuroidea: Thyone scabra 568 Key to the species 558 Thyone unisemita 569 Ophiura brevi&pina 558 Caudina arenata 569 Ophioglypha robusta 558 Trocliostoma oolitieum 570 Ophiopholis aculeata 559 Synapta inhaerens 571 Amphipholi.s squamata 560 Synapta roseola 571 _ Gorgonocephalus agassizii , 561 Bibliography 572-574 546 THE ECHINODERMS OF THE WOODS HOLE REGION. By HUBERT LYMAN CLARK, Professor of Biology , Olivet College. As used in this report, the Woods Hole region includes that part of I he New England coast easily accessible in one-day excursions by steamer from the U. S. Fish Commission station at Woods Hole, Mass. The northern point of Cape Cod is the limit in one direction, and New London, Conn., is the opposite extreme. Seaward the region would naturally extend to about the 100- fathom line, but for the purposes of this report the 50-fathom line has been taken as the limit, the reason for this being that as the Gulf Stream is approached we meet with an echinodcrm fauna so totally different from that along shore that the two have little in common. -
Preliminary Mass-Balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center December 2013 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. The NMFS-AFSC Technical Memorandum series of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center continues the NMFS-F/NWC series established in 1970 by the Northwest Fisheries Center. The NMFS-NWFSC series is currently used by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center. This document should be cited as follows: Whitehouse, G. A. 2013. A preliminary mass-balance food web model of the eastern Chukchi Sea. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-262, 162 p. Reference in this document to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse1,2 1Alaska Fisheries Science Center 7600 Sand Point Way N.E. Seattle WA 98115 2Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean University of Washington Box 354925 Seattle WA 98195 www.afsc.noaa.gov U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Penny. S. Pritzker, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. -
Assessment of Red King Crabs Following Offshore Placer Gold Mining in Norton Sound
Assessment of Red King Crabs Following Offshore Placer Gold Mining in Norton Sound Stephen C. Jewett Reprinted from the Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin Vol. 6 No. 1, Summer 1999 The Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin can found on the World Wide Web at URL: http://www.state.ak.us/adfg/geninfo/pubs/afrb/afrbhome.htm . Alaska Fishery Research Bulletin 6(1):1–18. 1999. Articles Copyright © 1999 by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game Assessment of Red King Crabs Following Offshore Placer Gold Mining in Norton Sound Stephen C. Jewett ABSTRACT: In a 4-year study I assessed impacts of offshore placer gold mining on adult red king crabs Paralithodes camtschaticus in the northeastern Bering Sea near Nome, Alaska. From June to October 1986– 1990, nearshore mining with a bucket-line dredge to depths of 9 to 20 m removed 1.5 km2 and about 5.5 × 106 m3 of substrate. Crabs were offshore of the study area when mining occurred but were in the mining vicinity during the ice-covered months of March and April, which was the primary time data on crab abundance and prey were obtained. Comparisons between mined and unmined stations revealed that mining had a negligible effect on crabs. Crab catches, size, sex, quantity, and contribution of most prey groups in stomachs were similar between mined and unmined areas. However, a few ROV observations indicated that crab abundance was lower in mined areas. Also, plants (mainly eelgrass Zostera marina) and hydroids, which accumulated in mining depressions, were more common in crab stomachs from mined areas. -
Variation in Growth Pattern in the Sand Dollar, Echinarachnius Parma, (Lamarck)
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Summer 1964 VARIATION IN GROWTH PATTERN IN THE SAND DOLLAR, ECHINARACHNIUS PARMA, (LAMARCK) PRASERT LOHAVANIJAYA University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation LOHAVANIJAYA, PRASERT, "VARIATION IN GROWTH PATTERN IN THE SAND DOLLAR, ECHINARACHNIUS PARMA, (LAMARCK)" (1964). Doctoral Dissertations. 2339. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/2339 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 65-950 microfilmed exactly as received LOHAVANIJAYA, Prasert, 1935- VARIATION IN GROWTH PATTERN IN THE SAND DOLLAR, ECHJNARACHNIUS PARMA, (LAMARCK). University of New Hampshire, Ph.D., 1964 Zoology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan VARIATION IN GROWTH PATTERN IN THE SAND DOLLAR, EC’HINARACHNIUS PARMA, (LAMARCK) BY PRASERT LOHAVANUAYA B. Sc. , (Honors), Chulalongkorn University, 1959 M.S., University of New Hampshire, 1961 A THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate School Department of Zoology June, 1964 This thesis has been examined and approved. May 2 2, 1 964. Date An Abstract of VARIATION IN GROWTH PATTERN IN THE SAND DOLLAR, ECHINARACHNIUS PARMA, (LAMARCK) This study deals with Echinarachnius parma, the common sand dollar of the New England coast. Some problems concerning taxonomy and classification of this species are considered. -
Short-Term Repeatability in the Self-Righting Behaviour of a Cold
Journal of the Marine Roll, right, repeat: short-term repeatability in Biological Association of the United Kingdom the self-righting behaviour of a cold-water sea cucumber cambridge.org/mbi Jeff C. Clements1,* , Ellen Schagerström2,3 , Sam Dupont2, Fredrik Jutfelt1 and Kirti Ramesh2 Original Article 1Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; 2Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sven Lovén Centre for Cite this article: Clements JC, Schagerström Marine Infrastructure – Kristineberg, Kristineberg 566, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden and 3Swedish Mariculture E, Dupont S, Jutfelt F, Ramesh K (2020). Roll, right, repeat: short-term repeatability in the Research Centre (SWEMARC), University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 463, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden self-righting behaviour of a cold-water sea cucumber. Journal of the Marine Biological Abstract Association of the United Kingdom 1–6. https:// doi.org/10.1017/S0025315419001218 For many benthic marine invertebrates, inversion (being turned upside-down) is a common event that can increase vulnerability to predation, desiccation and unwanted spatial transport, Received: 15 August 2019 and requires behavioural ‘self-righting’ to correct. While self-righting behaviour has been Revised: 9 December 2019 – Accepted: 18 December 2019 studied for more than a century, the repeatability (R) the portion of behavioural variance due to inter-individual differences – of this trait is not well understood. Heritability and Key words: the evolution of animal behaviour rely on behavioural repeatability. Here, we examined the behavioural repeatability; Echinodermata; self-righting technique of a cold-water holothurid, Parastichopus tremulus, and assessed the epibenthic; Holothuriidae; predator avoidance; repeatability of this behaviour. -
A Phylogenomic Resolution of the Sea Urchin Tree of Life
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/430595; this version posted September 29, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. A phylogenomic resolution of the sea urchin tree of life Nicolás Mongiardino Koch ([email protected]) – Corresponding author Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA Simon E. Coppard ([email protected]) Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton NY, USA. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Harilaos A. Lessios ([email protected]) Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Derek E. G. Briggs ([email protected]) Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA. Rich Mooi ([email protected]) Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco CA, USA. Greg W. Rouse ([email protected]) Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/430595; this version posted September 29, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract Background: Echinoidea is a clade of marine animals including sea urchins, heart urchins, sand dollars and sea biscuits. -
Spinochrome Identification and Quantification in Pacific Sea Urchin
marine drugs Article Spinochrome Identification and Quantification in Pacific Sea Urchin Shells, Coelomic Fluid and Eggs Using HPLC-DAD-MS Elena A. Vasileva 1,* , Natalia P. Mishchenko 1 , Van T. T. Tran 2, Hieu M. N. Vo 2 and Sergey A. Fedoreyev 1 1 Laboratory of the Chemistry of Natural Quinonoid Compounds, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; [email protected] (N.P.M.); [email protected] (S.A.F.) 2 Nhatrang Institute of Technology Research and Application, VAST, Khanh Hoa 650000, Vietnam; [email protected] (V.T.T.T.); [email protected] (H.M.N.V.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +7-902-527-2055 Abstract: The high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array and mass spectrometric detector (HPLC-DAD-MS) method for quinonoid pigment identification and quantification in sea urchin samples was developed and validated. The composition and quantitative ratio of the quinonoid pigments of the shells of 16 species of sea urchins, collected in the temperate (Sea of Japan) and tropical (South-China Sea) climatic zones of the Pacific Ocean over several years, were studied. The compositions of the quinonoid pigments of sea urchins Maretia planulata, Scaphechinus griseus, Laganum decagonale and Phyllacanthus imperialis were studied for the first time. A study of the composition of the quinonoid pigments of the coelomic fluid of ten species of sea urchins was conducted. The composition of quinonoid pigments of Echinarachnius parma jelly-like egg membrane, of Scaphechinus mirabilis developing embryos and pluteus, was reported for the first time. -
Risk and Resilience: Variations in Magnesium in Echinoid Skeletal Calcite
Vol. 561: 1–16, 2016 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published December 15 doi: 10.3354/meps11908 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Risk and resilience: variations in magnesium in echinoid skeletal calcite Abigail M. Smith1,*, Dana E. Clark1,4, Miles D. Lamare1, David J. Winter2,5, Maria Byrne3 1Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand 2Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand 3University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia 4Present address: Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand 5Present address: Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand ABSTRACT: Echinoids have high-magnesium (Mg) calcite endoskeletons that may be vulnerable to CO2- driven ocean acidification. Amalgamated data for echinoid species from a range of environments and life-history stages allowed characterization of the factors controlling Mg content in their skeletons. Pub- lished measurements of Mg in calcite (N = 261), sup- plemented by new X-ray diffractometry data (N = 382), produced a database including 8 orders, 23 families and 73 species (~7% of the ~1000 known extant spe- cies), spanning latitudes 77° S to 72° N, and including 9 skeletal elements or life stages. Mean (± SD) skeletal carbonate mineralogy in the Echinoidea is 7.5 ± 3.23 Magnesian calcite skeletons of the New Zealand endemic wt% MgCO3 in calcite (range: 1.5−16.4 wt%, N = 643). sea urchin Evechinus choloroticus may be vulnerable to Variation in Mg within individuals was small (SD = ocean acidification. 0.4−0.9 wt% MgCO3). -
Ecomorphological and Taphonomic Gradients in Clypeasteroid
Ecomorphological and taphonomic gradients in clypeasteroid-dominated echinoid assemblages along a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelf from the early Miocene of northern Sardinia, Italy ANDREA MANCOSU and JAMES H. NEBELSICK Mancosu, A. and Nebelsick, J.H. 2017. Ecomorphological and taphonomic gradients in clypeasteroid-dominated echi- noid assemblages along a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelf from the early Miocene of northern Sardinia, Italy. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (3): 627–646. Clypeasteroid echinoids are widespread and abundant within Miocene sedimentary sequences of the Mediterranean area within both siliciclastic and carbonate deposits. Herein, three clypeasteroid-dominated echinoid assemblages from the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate succession of the Mores Formation (lower Miocene) cropping out within the Porto Torres Basin (northern Sardinia) are described. These assemblages were compared to previously described clypeasteroid-bear- ing deposits from the Miocene of northern Sardinia with the purpose of investigating their palaeoecology and taphon- omy along a shelf gradient. These goals are accomplished by various methods including (i) logging sedimentary facies, (ii) analysing the functional morphology of sea urchin skeletons, (iii) comparing the relative abundance of taxa and taphonomic features, and (iv) studying associated fauna, flora, and trace fossils. The clypeasteroid-bearing deposits differ greatly with respect to echinoid diversity, accompanying fauna and flora, sedimentological signatures, and taphonomic features. They also show variations in depositional environments and the mechanism of formation of the deposits. Three different shelf settings are distinguished: littoral, inner sublittoral, and outer sublittoral environments. Furthermore, an ecomorphological gradient along the shelf is recognized with respect to echinoid taxa and their morphologies. This gradient ranges from shallow water to a moderately deep shelf and is interpreted with respect to both abiotic and biotic factors as well as the taphonomy of the echinoid tests. -
Newsletter Number 59
The Palaeontology Newsletter Contents 59 Association Business 2 Palaeobiological illustrations: advert 17 News 18 Association Meetings 20 Natural History Museum: meeting advert 25 From our correspondents Skeletal Biology in evo-devo lab 26 Things ain’t what they used to be 34 Meeting a nemertean Nemesis 37 Palaeo-math 101: PCA 44 The Palaeontographical Society: advert 58 Obituaries: Stuart McKerrow 60 Georges Ubaghs 63 Mysterious Fossils 66 Meeting Reports 68 Future meetings of other bodies 80 Sylvester-Bradley Reports 93 Book Reviews 115 Discounts for PalAss members 133 Special Papers in Palaeontology no. 73 134 Palaeontologia Electronica 7,2 and 8,1 136 Palaeontology vol 48 parts 3 & 4 140 Reminder: The deadline for copy for Issue no 60 is 14th October 2005. On the Web: <http://palass.org/> ISSN: 0954-9900 Newsletter 59 2 Association Business The Palaeontological Association: Draft Annual Report for 2004 Nature of the Association. The Palaeontological Association is a Charity registered in England, Charity Number 276369. Its Governing Instrument is the Constitution adopted on 27th February 1957, amended on subsequent occasions as recorded in the Council Minutes. Trustees (Council Members) are elected by vote of the Membership at the Annual General Meeting. The contact address of the Association is c/o The Executive Officer, Dr T.J. Palmer, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, Wales, UK. Membership & subscriptions. Individual membership totalled 1,288 on 31st December 2004, an overall increase of 53 over the 2003 figure. There were 791 Ordinary Members, an increase of 36; 158 Retired Members, an increase of 18; 340 Student Members, a decrease of one; and one honorary member. -
Ecosystem Dynamics of the Pacific-Influenced Northern Bering
Progress in Oceanography Progress in Oceanography 71 (2006) 331–361 www.elsevier.com/locate/pocean Ecosystem dynamics of the Pacific-influenced Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas in the Amerasian Arctic Jacqueline M. Grebmeier a,*, Lee W. Cooper a, Howard M. Feder b, Boris I. Sirenko c a Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecology Group, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 10515 Research Dr., Building A, Suite 100, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA b Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA c Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb., 1, St.-Petersburg, 190034, Russia Abstract The shallow continental shelves and slope of the Amerasian Arctic are strongly influenced by nutrient-rich Pacific waters advected over the shelves from the northern Bering Sea into the Arctic Ocean. These high-latitude shelf systems are highly productive both as the ice melts and during the open-water period. The duration and extent of seasonal sea ice, seawater temperature and water mass structure are critical controls on water column production, organic carbon cycling and pelagic–benthic coupling. Short food chains and shallow depths are characteristic of high productivity areas in this region, so changes in lower trophic levels can impact higher trophic organisms rapidly, including pelagic- and ben- thic-feeding marine mammals and seabirds. Subsistence harvesting of many of these animals is locally important for human consumption. The vulnerability of the ecosystem to environmental change is thought to be high, particularly as sea ice extent declines and seawater warms. In this review, we focus on ecosystem dynamics in the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas, with a more limited discussion of the adjoining Pacific-influenced eastern section of the East Siberian Sea and the western section of the Beaufort Sea. -
Peronella Thesis Main Corrections FINAL
Population biology of the sand dollar, Peronella lesueuri , in Cockburn Sound, southwest Australia Sharon Yeo Sue-Yee BSc (Hons) Environmental Biology This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Murdoch University 2013 1 I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. .................................... Sharon Yeo Sue-Yee 2 Population biology of sand dollar, Peronella lesueuri , in Cockburn Sound, southwest Australia Abstract Peronella lesueuri, commonly known as the pink sand dollar, is an irregular echinoid that can be found in the sandy sediment substrates of Cockburn Sound, southwest Australia. The numbers in which they are found indicate that they are likely to be an ecologically significant species. This is the first study of the biology and ecology of this species. A survey of current spatial distribution and abundances of Peronella lesueuri populations at a range of sites within Cockburn Sound shows the presence of the sand dollars on the shallower, sandy sills that surround the Sound. P. lesueuri was notably absent from the deeper central basin of Cockburn Sound, where silt is a major component of the sediment. The population densities of P. lesueuri ranged from 0.3 to 2.5 individuals m -2 at sites no deeper than ten metres. Mean test lengths were larger at sites less than five metres in depth. Sediment grain size preference and food availability were likely factors that determined the spatial distribution of the sand dollars in Cockburn Sound.