Ordering the Cisgender
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Inconsistent Legal Treatment of Unwanted Sexual Advances: a Study of the Homosexual Advance Defense, Street Harassment, and Sexual Harassment in the Workplace
Inconsistent Legal Treatment of Unwanted Sexual Advances: A Study of the Homosexual Advance Defense, Street Harassment, and Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Kavita B. Ramakrishnant ABSTRACT In this Article, I contend that unwanted sexual advances on men are treated differently under the law than are unwanted sexual advances on women. I com- pare the legal conceptualization and redress of two of the most common types of unwanted sexual advances faced by women-street harassment and sexual ha- rassment in the workplace-with the legal treatment of unwanted sexual ad- vances on men as seen through the homosexual advance defense. I argue that the law recognizes certain advances on men as inappropriate enough to deserve legal recognition in the form of mitigation of murder charges while factually indistin- guishable advances on women are not even considered severe enough to rise to the level of a legally cognizable claim. Unwanted sexual advances on men do not receive the same level of scruti- ny as unwanted sexual advances on women. First, unwanted advances on men are often conclusively presumed to be unwanted and worthy of legal recognition, whereas unwanted advances on women are more rigorously subjected to a host of procedural and doctrinal barriers. Further, while one nonviolent same-sex ad- vance on a man may be sufficient to demonstrate provocation, there is currently no legal remedy that adequately addresses a nonviolent same-sex advance on a woman. Thus, a woman may not receive legal recognition for experiencing the t J.D., UCLA School of Law, 2009. B.A. University of Pennsylvania, 2004. -
Homophobia and Transphobia Illumination Project Curriculum
Homophobia and Transphobia Illumination Project Curriculum Andrew S. Forshee, Ph.D., Early Education & Family Studies Portland Community College Portland, Oregon INTRODUCTION Homophobia and transphobia are complicated topics that touch on core identity issues. Most people tend to conflate sexual orientation with gender identity, thus confusing two social distinctions. Understanding the differences between these concepts provides an opportunity to build personal knowledge, enhance skills in allyship, and effect positive social change. GROUND RULES (1015 minutes) Materials: chart paper, markers, tape. Due to the nature of the topic area, it is essential to develop ground rules for each student to follow. Ask students to offer some rules for participation in the postperformance workshop (i.e., what would help them participate to their fullest). Attempt to obtain a group consensus before adopting them as the official “social contract” of the group. Useful guidelines include the following (Bonner Curriculum, 2009; Hardiman, Jackson, & Griffin, 2007): Respect each viewpoint, opinion, and experience. Use “I” statements – avoid speaking in generalities. The conversations in the class are confidential (do not share information outside of class). Set own boundaries for sharing. Share air time. Listen respectfully. No blaming or scapegoating. Focus on own learning. Reference to PCC Student Rights and Responsibilities: http://www.pcc.edu/about/policy/studentrights/studentrights.pdf DEFINING THE CONCEPTS (see Appendix A for specific exercise) An active “toolkit” of terminology helps support the ongoing dialogue, questioning, and understanding about issues of homophobia and transphobia. Clear definitions also provide a context and platform for discussion. Homophobia: a psychological term originally developed by Weinberg (1973) to define an irrational hatred, anxiety, and or fear of homosexuality. -
Trans* Politics and the Feminist Project: Revisiting the Politics of Recognition to Resolve Impasses
Politics and Governance (ISSN: 2183–2463) 2020, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 312–320 DOI: 10.17645/pag.v8i3.2825 Article Trans* Politics and the Feminist Project: Revisiting the Politics of Recognition to Resolve Impasses Zara Saeidzadeh * and Sofia Strid Department of Gender Studies, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; E-Mails: [email protected] (Z.S.), [email protected] (S.S.) * Corresponding author Submitted: 24 January 2020 | Accepted: 7 August 2020 | Published: 18 September 2020 Abstract The debates on, in, and between feminist and trans* movements have been politically intense at best and aggressively hostile at worst. The key contestations have revolved around three issues: First, the question of who constitutes a woman; second, what constitute feminist interests; and third, how trans* politics intersects with feminist politics. Despite decades of debates and scholarship, these impasses remain unbroken. In this article, our aim is to work out a way through these impasses. We argue that all three types of contestations are deeply invested in notions of identity, and therefore dealt with in an identitarian way. This has not been constructive in resolving the antagonistic relationship between the trans* movement and feminism. We aim to disentangle the antagonism within anti-trans* feminist politics on the one hand, and trans* politics’ responses to that antagonism on the other. In so doing, we argue for a politics of status-based recognition (drawing on Fraser, 2000a, 2000b) instead of identity-based recognition, highlighting individuals’ specific needs in soci- ety rather than women’s common interests (drawing on Jónasdóttir, 1991), and conceptualising the intersections of the trans* movement and feminism as mutually shaping rather than as trans* as additive to the feminist project (drawing on Walby, 2007, and Walby, Armstrong, and Strid, 2012). -
Cp-Cajp-Inf 166-12 Eng.Pdf
PERMANENT COUNCIL OF THE OEA/Ser.G ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES CP/CAAP-INF. 166/12 23 April 2012 COMMITTEE ON JURIDICAL AND POLITICAL AFFAIRS Original: Spanish SEXUAL ORIENTATION, GENDER IDENTITY, AND GENDER EXPRESSION: KEY TERMS AND STANDARDS [Study prepared by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights "IACHR" pursuant to resolution AG/RES 2653 (XLI-O/11): Human Rights, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity] INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS COMISIÓN INTERAMERICANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS COMISSÃO INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS COMISSION INTERAMÉRICAINE DES DROITS DE L’HOMME ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES WASHINGTON, D.C. 2 0 0 0 6 U.S.A. April 23, 2012 Re: Delivery of the study entitled “Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Gender Expression: Key Terms and Standards” Excellency: I have the honor to address Your Excellency on behalf of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) and to attach the document entitled Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Gender Expression: Key Terms and Standards, which will be available in English and Spanish. This paper was prepared at the request of the OAS General Assembly, which, in resolution AG/RES. 2653 (XLI-O/11), asked the IACHR to prepare a study on “the legal implications and conceptual and terminological developments as regards sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression.” The IACHR remains at your disposal for any explanation or further details you may require. Accept, Excellency, renewed assurances of my highest consideration. Mario López Garelli on behalf of the Executive Secretary Her Excellency Ambassador María Isabel Salvador Permanent Representative of Ecuador Chair of the Committee on Juridical and Political Affairs Organization of American States Attachment SEXUAL ORIENTATION, GENDER IDENTITY AND GENDER EXPRESSION: SOME TERMINOLOGY AND RELEVANT STANDARDS I. -
Testimony-Of-Thomas-Ude-Mazzoni-Center.Pdf
LEGAL SERVICES Telephone: (215) 563-0657 Facsimile: (610) 200-5540 [email protected] June 28, 2021 By email to [email protected] Pennsylvania Senate Democratic Caucus Policy Committee Sen. Katie Muth, Policy Chairwoman Re PA Senate Democratic Caucus Policy Committee Hearing: Barriers in Pennsylvania for the Transgender Community Testimony of Thomas W. Ude, Jr., Esq., Mazzoni Center Dear Senators: Thank you for the opportunity to discuss barriers in Pennsylvania for members of the transgender community to legally change their name and gender. I am submitting this written testimony to supplement the comprehensive memorandum and testimony submitted by Dechert LLP from Mazzoni Center and several other organizations. Mazzoni Center is a Philadelphia nonprofit organization whose mission is provide quality comprehensive health and wellness services in an LGBTQ-focused environment, while preserving the dignity and improving the quality of life of the individuals we serve. Our services include comprehensive primary and preventive care and a range of other services specifically for transgender, gender non-binary and gender expansive individuals. I direct our legal services program, which provides direct legal services to, and advocacy on behalf of, low-income LGBTQ individuals in a range of areas. Each year, more than half of the requests for assistance we receive – hundreds each year – are from transgender, nonbinary, and gender-expansive people seeking help with the name change process, with changing gender- markers on identification, or both. Our resources limit our capacity to provide direct representation outside of Philadelphia, but individuals and attorneys contact us for information or assistance on these issues from all throughout Pennsylvania; in the past decade, we have been contacted for by people in 57 of Pennsylvania’s 67 counties. -
QTGNC Resistance, Neoliberalism, and Social Memory
Bio: Che Gossett is a graduate student in the History Department at the University of Pennsylvania, interested black, queer and transgender liberationist history as well as the politics of mourning, resistance and survival. My paper focuses on the memorialization of Stonewall through the 2009 “Rainbow Pilgrimage" campaign and the ways in which it serves to preserve and construct social memory. I am interested in the ways in which inclusion is mobilized as a technology of governance and domination, enclosing radical spaces and dreams into the fold of the state, while failing to address the needs of the communities out from which those acts of resistance and desires emerged. Finally, I plan to explore the affective responses to Stonewall and Compton's Café uprisings and how the monumentalization of sites of resistance coincides with teleological narratives in which queer insurrection and trauma are seen as vestiges of the past. A close reading of the Rainbow campaign’s description of the “event” of the Stonewall riots raises questions about the politics of memory and memorialization; the archive and history. In Archive Fever Derrida analyzes the violence of the archive, or “archival violence” that imposes a structuring law and order upon memory, domesticating and institutionalizing history, while also homogenizing and flattening its topography of difference and heterogeneity. It is thus, in this domiciliation, in this house arrest, that archives take place…In an archive, there should not be absolute dissociation, any heterogeneity or secret which could separate ( secernere) , or partition, in an absolute manner. The archontic principle of the archive is also a principle of consignation, that is, of gathering together. -
Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Trans Persons
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD TRANS PERSONS HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY By Rachel E. Kooy A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts In Counseling Psychology December, 2010 KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARD TRANS PERSONS HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY By Rachel E. Kooy Approved by the Master’s Thesis Committee: Emily Sommerman, Psy.D., Major Professor Date Christopher Aberson, Ph.D., Committee Member Date Gregg Gold, Ph.D., Committee Member Date Emily Sommerman, Psy.D., Graduate Coordinator Date Jená Burges, Dean for Research and Graduate Studies Date ABSTRACT Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Trans Persons Rachel Kooy Beginning in the late 1980s, after Transsexualism was added to the DSM-III, research on issues relating to trans persons (a term that encompasses people who identify as transgendered, transsexual, or as any other significant form of deviation from gender norms) is still relatively new. However, over the past few decades researchers have found that trans persons are at a higher risk for abuse and alienation from the public, including physical and verbal victimization, as well as sexual assault (Clements-Nolle, Marx, & Katz, 2006; Lombardi, 2001; Denny, Green, & Cole, 2007). The current study aimed to measure attitudes towards trans persons and discover possible safeguards against transphobia and discrimination. Using 126 Humboldt State University students, the current study examined attitudes toward trans persons using the Transphobia Scale and Attitudes Toward Transsexualism National Survey. (Landén & Innala, 2000; Nagoshi, Adams, Terrell, Hill, Brzuzy, & Nagoshi, 2008). Unlike previous research using the Transphobia Scale, participants in the study were significantly less transphobic, and men and women did not differ in their levels of transphobia. -
LGBTQ+ Glossary of Terms
LGBTQ+ Glossary of Terms This glossary is offered as a starting point for discussion. Language is dynamic, continually growing and changing. This is particularly true with the language we use to identify ourselves. We should strive to ensure that our language does not demean, exclude or offend, by respectfully allowing others to self-identify and by mirroring those terms and identities. Ally: A person who does not identify with a group, but still advocates for that group's rights. Aromantic: In its broadest meaning, this umbrella term encompasses anyone who has a low or absent romantic attraction or interest in romantic activity. Sexual relationships may be desired. Asexual: In its broadest meaning, this umbrella term encompasses anyone who has a low or absent sexual attraction or interest in sexual activity. Intimate romantic/affectional relationships may be desired. Biphobia: Negative feelings, attitudes, actions, or behaviors against people who are, or are perceived to be, bisexual or pansexual. It may also be a fear of one's own bisexual or pansexual attractions. Bisexual: A person who is sexually and/or romantically attracted to men and women. Cisgender: Someone who is comfortable with the gender they were assigned at birth. The state of not being transgender. Cissexism: The systems of advantages bestowed on people who are cisgender. It can also be the assumption that all people are, or should be, cisgender. Crossdresser: A cisgender person who dresses in clothing deemed inappropriate by society for the gender assigned them at birth. The purpose is usually emotional comfort or erotic fulfillment. Drag King & Drag Queen: A person who cross-dresses as a means of performance or entertainment. -
TRANSFEMINISM Elia A.G. Arfini
TRANSFEMINISM Elia A.G. Arfini THE ENTANGLEMENTS BETWEEN queer, trans and feminist com- plicate the investigation of transfeminism and its genealogies, with particular attention to the continental dimension. Transfeminism is understood here not as a monolithic theoretical concept but rather as a field of practices and discourses, cultures and desires, struggles, and locations. The European, and Southern-European in particular, expres- sion of the field is certainly less codified then its Anglo-American counterpart, yet we argue it is precisely its blurriness, situated and anti- institutional character that allows transfeminism to be a useful keyword to queer the 2020s. Transfeminism is a keyword indeed, an instance of the many iterations of trans as a troubling agent. “Trans-” is the “evil twin” (Stryker 2004) of many academic areas of inquiry and political cultures, less definitive then “post-,” it nonetheless indicate a displace- ment, a pressure on boundaries, an expansive move (Stryker et al. 2008). Transgender, in particular, invites us to confront nothing less than the limits of our desires and the gender binary infrastructure that sustains them. The term transfeminism is also marked by a capacity to be situat- ed and very specific to the conditions of its emergence and use ( Bettcher and Stryker 2016). On the one hand, in the Anglophone area, transfeminism is under- stood as a political standpoint of inclusion of trans women into the lib- eration struggles of all women. In this sense, transfeminism is mainly aimed at the participation of trans women into feminism and their lambda nordica 4/2019–1/2020 © The authors. Published by Föreningen Lambda Nordica under the CC BY-ND license. -
Queer Censorship in US LGBTQ+ Movements Since World War II
History in the Making Volume 13 Article 6 January 2020 A Different Kind of Closet: Queer Censorship in U.S. LGBTQ+ Movements since World War II James Martin CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies Commons Recommended Citation Martin, James (2020) "A Different Kind of Closet: Queer Censorship in U.S. LGBTQ+ Movements since World War II," History in the Making: Vol. 13 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol13/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Different Kind of Closet: Queer Censorship in U.S. LGBTQ+ Movements since World War II By James Martin Abstract: Since World War II, there has been an increased visibility of LGBTQ+ communities in the United States; however, this visibility has noticeably focused on “types” of queer people – mainly white, middle class, cisgender gays and lesbians. History remembers the 1969 Stonewall Inn riots as the catalyst that launched the movement for gay rights and brought forth a new fight for civil and social justice. This paper analyzes the restrictions, within LGBTQ+ communities, that have been placed on transpersons and gender nonconforming people before and after Stonewall. While the riots at the Stonewall Inn were demonstrative of a fight ready to be fought, there were many factors that contributed to the push for gay rights. -
Heterosexual / Cisgender Privilege Discussion
Heterosexual / Cisgender Privilege Skit – Let’s turn it around. John (sitting at the comp) Jane‐ Hi honey, what are you doing? John‐ I am researching our vacation next month to make sure it’s a safe place for straight people Jane‐ Oh Ok… I am going to watch my fav. TV show. One of the few shows that acknowledges straight people as regular everyday people + shows us in a positive light. John‐ So you are not still mad about last night? Jane‐ Well you know I worry about our safety when you try to hold my hand in public John‐ I know. I should not have done that. Thank goodness those people just called us disgusting perverts + walked away. Jane‐ Yes, now all we have to deal with is our cis‐gender daughter’s teacher who won’t allow her to use the girl’s restroom. Discussion: What is the point of this skit? A fun way to point out heterosexual or cisgender privilege. What are some of the privileges that were pointed out in this skit? Issues of safety, negative representation in the media, transgender restroom issues, myths about being a sexual deviant. Some people get hung up on the word privilege. Another way to look at it is things straight cisgender people don’t have to put up with or consider in their daily lives. Can you think of other heterosexual/cisgender privileges? . Marriage is recognized everywhere . Represented in history thoroughly and accurately . Can adopt children without additional problems . Not denied housing, insurance, healthcare, credit, employment . Don’t experience closet anxiety . -
Ethical Trans-Feminism: Berlin's Transgender Individuals' Narratives As Contributions to Ethics of Vegetarian Eco- Feminism
ETHICAL TRANS-FEMINISM: BERLIN’S TRANSGENDER INDIVIDUALS’ NARRATIVES AS CONTRIBUTIONS TO ETHICS OF VEGETARIAN ECO- FEMINISMS By Anja Koletnik Submitted to Central European University Department of Gender Studies In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Gender Studies Supervisor: Assistant Professor Eszter Timár CEU eTD Collection Second Reader: Professor Allaine Cerwonka Budapest, Hungary 2014 Abstract This thesis will explore multi-directional ethical and political implications of meat non- consumption and cisgender non-conformity. My argument will present how applying transgender as an analytical category to vegetarian eco-feminisms, can be contributive in expanding ethical and political solidarity within feminist projects, which apply gender identity politics to their conceptualizations and argumentations. I will outline the potential to transcend usages of gender identity politics upon a cisnormative canon of vegetarian eco-feminisms lead by Carol J. Adams’ The Sexual Politics of Meat (1990). Adams’s canon of vegetarian eco-feminisms appropriates diet as a central resource of their political projects, which contest speciesism and cis-sexism. Like Adams’ canon, my analysis will consider diet as always having political connotations and implications, both for individuals and their embodiments, within broader socio-political realms. Alongside diet, transgender as an analytical category will be employed within analysis, due to its potential of exposing how genders as social categories and constructs are re-formed. My analysis will be based on narrative interviews, which will explore the multi-directional ethical and political implications of meat non-consumption and cisgender non-conformity among members of Berlin’s transgender / cisgender non-conforming and meat non-consuming subcultures.