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9782746978621.Pdf EDITION Directeurs de collection et auteurs : Dominique AUZIAS et Jean-Paul LABOURDETTE Auteurs : Nicolas KLEIN, Lise PATHE, Bienvenue Jean-Paul LABOURDETTE, Dominique AUZIAS et alter Directeur Editorial : Stéphan SZEREMETA Responsable Editorial Monde : Patrick MARINGE sur la Route Rédaction Monde : Caroline MICHELOT, Morgane VESLIN, Pierre-Yves SOUCHET et Leena BRISACQ de la Soie ! Rédaction France : François TOURNIE, Jeff BUCHE, Perrine GALAZKA et Talatah FAVREAU FABRICATION Fallait-il que la soie fasse rêver l’Occident pour que des Responsable Studio : Sophie LECHERTIER caravanes, souvent composées de plus de 5 000 hommes et assistée de Romain AUDREN de centaines de bêtes, chevaux, chameaux et yaks, se risquent Maquette et Montage : Julie BORDES, Élodie CLAVIER, Sandrine MECKING, à traverser les terres les plus hostiles de la Chine, l’Asie centrale, Delphine PAGANO et Laurie PILLOIS barrée de montagnes infranchissables, de déserts parmi les Iconographie et Cartographie : Audrey LALOY plus arides de la planète, de steppes hostiles, de températures WEB ET NUMERIQUE extrêmes été comme hiver ? Sans parler des brigands et bandes Directeur technique : Lionel CAZAUMAYOU de guerriers nomades qui hantaient la zone et étaient attirés Chef de projet et développeurs : sans cesse par ces richesses comme le papillon de nuit par la Jean-Marc REYMUND assisté de Florian FAZER, lumière. C’est pourtant bien aux confins de cette Chine et de Anthony GUYOT et Cédric MAILLOUX cette Asie centrale que va naître l’une des plus grandes voies DIRECTION COMMERCIALE de communication terrestre jamais établie entre l’Orient et Responsable Régies locales : l’Occident : la Route de la Soie. Michel GRANSEIGNE Responsable recrutement Régies locales : Une route qui, en réalité, n’a pas attendu la soie pour exister. Victor CORREIA L’Asie centrale et les oasis de Boukhara et Samarkand étaient Relation Clientèle : Vimla MEETTOO déjà des étapes connues sur la route du lapis-lazuli, venu REGIE NATIONALE : d’Afghanistan, ou sur celle du thé, de l’encens et des épices, Responsable Régie Nationale : qui partaient d’Inde pour rejoindre la Russie. Pendant près de Aurélien MILTENBERGER 2 000 ans, jusqu’à l’avènement des grandes voies maritimes au assisté de Sandra RUFFIEUX XVIe siècle, la Route de la Soie a sillonné les contrées, climats Chefs de Publicité : Caroline AUBRY, Perrine DE CARNE MARCEIN, Caroline GENTELET, et reliefs les plus hostiles, les cultures, religions, empires et Sacha GOURAND, Florian MEYBERGER, civilisations les plus diverses sur plus de 8 000 km. Il n’existe Stéphanie MORRIS, Caroline PREAU et Carla ZUNIGA en réalité pas une mais des Routes de la Soie. Un entrelacs REGIE INTERNATIONALE : d’itinéraires au long desquels arts, artisanats, langues, religions, Directrice : Karine VIROT assistée de Elise CADIOU modes de vie ont été véhiculés, se sont croisés, mélangés Chefs de Publicité : Romain COLLYER, pour former le terreau d’une civilisation toute particulière où la Camille ESMIEU et Guillaume LABOUREUR première richesse aujourd’hui est la découverte tous azimuts. Hervé KERROS Régie ROUTE De la Soie : Si la soie, les épices ou le thé empruntent aujourd’hui d’autres DIFFUSION ET PROMOTION routes, les sentiers, les villes étapes, les bazars, les steppes Directrice des Ventes : Bénédicte MOULET et les déserts sont toujours là, toujours propices à l’aventure et assistée d’Aissatou DIOP et Alicia FILANKEMBO Responsable des ventes : Jean-Pierre GHEZ aux rencontres diverses, variées, chaleureuses, de la Chine à assisté de Nathalie GONCALVES l’Occident en passant par l’Asie centrale, le Moyen et Proche- Relations Presse-Partenariats : Orient, ou encore le Caucase. Jean-Mary MARCHAL Après les marchands, les ambassadeurs, les missionnaires, ADMINISTRATION les explorateurs, les archéologues, ce sont aujourd’hui de Président : Jean-Paul LABOURDETTE nouveaux aventuriers, bien souvent des « écrivains-voyageurs », Directeur Administratif et Financier : Gérard BRODIN qui se lancent à la découverte de ces contrées parmi les plus Directrice des Ressources Humaines : méconnues du globe. On pense évidemment à l’Asie centrale Dina BOURDEAU assistée de Sandra MORAIS en premier lieu, véritable cœur battant de la prestigieuse route, et de Naommi CHOQUET fermée à l’Occident pendant trois quarts de siècle sous la chape Responsable informatique : Pascal LE GOFF de plomb communiste et qui ne s’est ouverte au tourisme que Responsable Comptabilité : Valérie DECOTTIGNIES assistée de Jeannine DEMIRDJIAN, Oumy DIOUF depuis moins de vingt ans. et Christelle MANEBARD Bienvenue sur les traces de Marco Polo et des milliers de Recouvrement : Fabien BONNAN assisté caravaniers anonymes qui établirent ce lien entre Orient et de Sandra BRIJLALL Standard : Jehanne AOUMEUR Occident. Et bonnes routes… Hervé Kerros PETIT FUTE ROUTE DE LA SOIE 2015 Petit Futé a été fondé par Dominique AUZIAS. Il est édité par Les Nouvelles Editions de l’Université 18, rue des Volontaires - 75015 Paris. & 01 53 69 70 00 - Fax 01 42 73 15 24 Internet : www.petitfute.com SAS au capital de 1 000 000 E - RC PARIS B 309 769 966 Couverture : © Vyacheslav Baranov - Fotolia Impression : IMPRIMERIE CHIRAT - 42540 Saint-Just-la-Pendue Dépôt légal : 17/12/2014 ISBN : 9782746978621 Pour nous contacter par email, indiquez le nom de famille en minuscule suivi de @petitfute.com Pour le courrier des lecteurs : [email protected] Sommaire INVITATION ASIE CENTRALE AU VOYAGE ET CAUCASE Les plus de la Route de la Soie ..............7 Kirghizistan .........................................216 Idées de séjour .......................................9 Bichkek ...........................................217 Comment partir ? ..................................12 Environs de Bichkek...........................232 Krasnaïa Rechka .............................232 Burana ............................................232 DÉCOUVERTE Karakol ...........................................233 La Route de la Soie en 25 mots-clés ...28 Lac Issyk Kul ...................................239 Survol de la Route de la Soie ...............33 Route de Bichkek à Osh .....................243 Histoire ..................................................37 Tiouz-Ashuu ....................................243 Susamyr .........................................243 Population et langues ...........................47 Ala-Bel ............................................243 Religion .................................................51 Toktogul ..........................................243 Arts et culture .......................................57 Kara Kul ..........................................243 Cuisines locales ....................................73 Ouzgen ...........................................244 Jeux, loisirs et sports ...........................83 Osh .................................................244 Grandes figures de la Route de la Soie ...87 Route de Kashgar à Osh .....................249 Passe de Torugart ...........................249 Caravansérail de Tash Rabat ...........250 EXTRÊME-ORIENT Passe d’Irkhestam...........................251 Chine .....................................................92 Sary Tash ........................................251 Pékin ................................................97 Tadjikistan ..........................................252 Xi’an ...............................................126 Douchanbé .....................................256 Route de Xi’an à Dunhuang ................135 Istaravshan .....................................259 Lanzhou ..........................................135 Mug Teppe ......................................260 Dunhuang .......................................136 Khojand – Khodjent .........................260 Route nord de Dunhuang à Kashgar ...142 Route de Douchanbé à Samarkand ....262 Turpan ............................................142 Lac Iskanderkul...............................262 Kuqa ...............................................146 Lacs Margouzor ..............................262 Aksu ...............................................147 Pendjikent .......................................263 Route sud de Dunhuang À Kashgar ....148 Ouzbékistan ........................................265 Hotan ..............................................148 Tachkent .........................................266 Karghilik .........................................150 Route de Osh à Tachkent....................283 Andijan ...........................................283 Yarkand ...........................................150 Namangan ......................................285 Kashgar ..........................................151 Marguilan .......................................286 Mongolie .............................................158 Ferghana.........................................287 Route de Pékin à Oulan-Bator ............158 Rishtan ...........................................290 Saynshand ......................................158 Kokand ...........................................291 Oulan-bator ....................................161 Route de Samarkand à Boukhara .......294 Russie..................................................174 Samarkand ....................................294 Route d’Oulan-Bator à Irkoutsk ..........174 Jizzakh ...........................................309 Oulan-Oude ....................................174 Lac Aydar Kul ..................................310 Listvianka .......................................179 Nourata ...........................................310 Irkoutsk
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