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The Study on the Development of the Participatory Management Of The Study on the Development of the Participatory Management of Occupational Group that Affects the Sustainable Development of Mae Chan Tai Community, Mae Suai District, Chiang Rai Province กำรศึกษำแนวทำงพัฒนำกำรบริหำรจัดกำรกลุ่มอำชีพอย่ำงมีส่วนร่วมที่ส่งผลต่อกำรพัฒนำ อย่ำงยั่งยืนของชุมชนแม่จันใต้ อ�ำเภอแม่สรวย จังหวัดเชียงรำย Sutheemon Chongesiriroj1 and Chanchai Bunchapatanasakda2 สุธีมนต์ ทรงศิริโรจน์1 และ ชาญชัย บัญชาพัฒนาศักดา2 1Doctor of Business Administration Program, Shinawatra University 1หลักสูตรบริหารธุรกิจดุษฎีบัณฑิต มหาวิทยาลัยชินวัตร 2School of Management, Shinawatra University 2คณะการจัดการ มหาวิทยาลัยชินวัตร Received: February 7, 2019 Revised: March 13, 2019 Accepted: March 13, 2019 Abstract This research is a mixed methods research on both qualitative and quantitative research which aims to study the participatory management of the occupational group and the potential development guidelines, which can bring the knowledge to develop the management pattern and the strategies for promoting the community sustainable development. Sample consisted of 36 households. The research found out that the management of the occupational group (POSDCoRB) in overall is in high level. Anyway, in each aspect, it was found that the opinions with the highest level towards the budgeting and the other aspects were rated as high level such as staffing, reporting, directing, planning, organizing, and coordinating respectively. The guidelines for the participatory development of the occupational group that affecting the potential sustainable development should focus on (1) Create the processes and patterns of the occupational group development, which focus on the partici pation and the use of the learning process as the development strategies (2) Transfer the knowledge by applying in order to improve the occupational group management process for the most benefit that can help each other to create the strength in the future. Keywords: Development of Occupational Group, Sustainable Development, Mae Chan Tai Community บทคัดย่อ การศึกษาวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยแบบผสมผสานระหว่างวิจัยเชิงปริมาณและเชิงคุณภาพ เพื่อศึกษาการพัฒนาการ จัดการกลุ่มอาชีพอย่างมีส่วนร่วม อันสามารถน�ามาซึ่งการพัฒนารูปแบบการจัดการและการส่งเสริมการพัฒนาชุมชนอย่าง EAU HERITAGE JOURNAL 194 Social Science and Humanity Vol. 10 No. 2 May-August 2020 ยั่งยืน กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ เกษตรกรชุมชนแม่จันใต้ อ�าเภอแม่สรวย จังหวัดเชียงราย จ�านวน 36 ครัวเรือน ผลการวิจัยพบ ว่า ระดับความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับการบริหารจัดการกลุ่มอาชีพ (POSDCoRB) อยู่ในระดับมาก โดยแต่ละรายด้าน พบว่าด้าน การจัดงบประมาณ มีความคิดเห็นในระดับมากที่สุด ด้านการจัดบุคคลท�างาน (Staffing) ด้านการรายงาน (Reporting) ด้านการอ�านวยการ (Directing) ด้านการวางแผน (Planning) ด้านการจัดองค์กร (Organizing) และด้านการประสาน งาน (Coordinating) มีความคิดเห็นในระดับมาก ส่วนการพัฒนาการจัดการกลุ่มอาชีพอย่างมีส่วนร่วมที่ส่งผลต่อการ พัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืนควรมุ่งเน้น (1) การสร้างกระบวนการและรูปแบบการพัฒนากลุ่มอาชีพ มุ่งเน้นการมีส่วนร่วมและใช้ กระบวนการเรียนรู้เป็นยุทธศาสตร์การพัฒนา (2) การถ่ายทอดองค์ความรู้โดยน�าไปใช้ในปรับปรุงกระบวนการจัดการ กลุ่มอาชีพอย่างมีส่วนร่วมให้เกิดประโยชน์อย่างคุ้มค่าจนสามารถเกื้อกูลกันในการสร้างเข้มแข็งในอนาคต ค�ำส�ำคัญ: การพัฒนากลุ่มอาชีพ, การพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน, ชุมชนแม่จันใต้ Introduction In 2017, Thailand has started the 12th The government sectors should emphasize on National Economic and Social Development Plan the quality development of Thai people and Thai (2017-2021), which the government sector must society, people have the opportunity to access the help to promote and support the community resources and get the benefit from the economic to use their existing social capital and bring the and social development, including creating the benefits to help building the self-reliant economy economic opportunities base on the knowledge, in the community. The relevant agencies should technology, innovation, and creativity on the more realize the importance of developing basis of the production and consumption that the local wisdom or Thai wisdom, which is the are environmentally friendly under the principle development of sufficiency economy of development of mission areas and the parti policy according to the royal initiative, com cipation of all sectors in Thai society. All mentioned munity strengthening policy, as well as the go development and opportunities will lead to the vernment policies that focus on developing the peo development for the sustainable happiness of ple-centered organization. To establish the Thai society in accordance with the philosophy of important strategy is to strengthen the com sufficiency economy, as well as speeding up the munity, support the local and social deve country’s immunity to prepare people, society, lopment, as well as increasing the potential of com and economic system of the country to be able munity organizations, and support the learning and to adjust to support the effects of the changes expanding the network of the community (Office in the appropriate way. At the same time, it is of the National Economic and Social Development necessary to manage the 12th National Economic Board, 2016). This is how to apply the existing and Social Development Plan to get the results immunity and accelerate the country’s immunity in a practical way by the Ministry of Finance and to prepare the people, society, and economic the Office of the National Economic and Social system of the country to be able to adjust to Development Board that work together to integrate support the effects of the changes appropriately. the study of the guidelines and measurement วารสารวิชาการมหาวิทยาลัยอีสเทิร์นเอเชีย ปีที่ 10 ฉบับที่ 2 ประจ�าเดือน พฤษภาคม-สิงหาคม 2563 ฉบับสังคมศาสตร์และมนุษยศาสตร์ 195 to reduce the household debt increasing by ado these will become the initial raw materials in pting the policies or guidelines from the go order to lead to the next step. The midstream (the vernment sector to increase the income of stage of processing the product) is the process people. One approach that is used for the life deve that brings all the product (coffee beans) that lopment and increase the income for people is the get from the cultivation of the villagers to roast community enterprises, which is the business and grind (the shop has their own roasting and of the community that produce the product or grinding machines) then get the instant coffee provide the service and operated by the group of powder, and their coffee has been selected as a people that have a similar way of life and form coffee shop with the outstanding flavor by the up as a juristic person or not a juristic person Netherlands and later, they were known by the to generate the income and to be a self-reliant media from both foreign and neighbor countries’ channel as the main source of income for the media. In 2010, they were selected in Vienna, family, community, or generate the income Austria and their coffee “Akha Ama” is the only between the communities (Pongwiritthon, R. brand from Thailand that has been selected et al., 2016). by the Specialty Coffee Association of Europe The Royal Project in the community of (SCAE) to use in the World Cup Tasters Cham Ban Mae Chan Tai, Mae Suai district, Chiang Rai, pionship for three years from 2010-2012, which the is a community that has established a strong committee commenting on the identity of this group on research and development of Arabica brand’s coffee. And downstream (the final stage coffee on high ground to replace the opium culti of the business) is the process of bringing the vation of hill tribe people in the northern region product (coffee) from the coffee bean, instant under the assistance of the US Department of coffee powder, and fresh brew coffee of Akha Agriculture (USDA), which has a symbol of the Akha Ama to the consumers directly. It can be said tribe and it is the coffee shop with a full range that the coffee of the community group of Akha of management from upstream, midstream and Ama has a good process or marketing mix that downstream, which has been set the goal to solve can create the products from local wisdom, the problem for the villagers who grow coffee community expertise, including the other marketing in the village from taking advantage of the price mix, such as rewarding profits to the community, of the middlemen because the villagers lacked creating different types of marketing mix strategies of knowledge and understanding of the coffee (Pongwiritthon, R., et al., 2018). production process. The continuous business Therefore, the researcher is interested in development of Akha Ama Coffee is the model studying the participatory management of the of the successful business group, the upstream occupational group that affects the sustainable development (the initial stage of the business) development of Mae Chan Tai community, Mae is the way they produce coffee by themselves, Suai district, Chiang Rai by taking a paradigm to which the business started from selling the study the guidelines for the management of uniqueness by planning for the villagers to grow the occupational group and the strategies for Arabica coffee, set up the learning centers, and promoting the community sustainable deve experimented to plant different kinds of coffee, lopment. The researcher also would like to use EAU HERITAGE JOURNAL 196 Social Science and Humanity Vol. 10 No. 2 May-August 2020 the community in the research as the model for cultivation and there were conflicts in religion, in the body of knowledge of the group and traditions, and rituals according to the different community
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