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Chiang Rai Tea in 2019, the Production Area of Tea in Chiang
Chiang Rai Tea In 2019, the production area of tea in Chiang Rai Province is 84,118 rais, harvesting area of 80,043 rai and average yield (fresh tea leaves) that farmers can harvest are 1,063 kilograms per rai. The total yield is 85,104 tons. The major tea production areas in Chiang Rai Provice are Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Fah Luang District, Mae Suai District, Mueang Chiang Rai District, Thoeng District, Phan District and Mae Lao District. Map showing the major tea plantation areas in Chiang Rai Province MaeSaiDiMae Sai strictDistrict Mae Fa Luang District Chiang Saen District Mae Chan District Chiang Doi Luang Khong District District Wiang Chiang Wiang Rung District Kaen District Phaya Muang Chiang Rai District Wiang Chai Mengrai District District Mae Lao District Mae Suai District Thoeng District Phan District Pa Daet District Wiang Pa Pao District Tea production of Chiang Rai Province in 2019 (Source : Chiang Rai Provincial Agricultural Extension Office) Plantation Harvesting Average Yield of Yield of Fresh No. District Area Area Fresh Tea Leaves Tea Leaves (rai) (rai) (kilogram/rai) (ton) 1 Mueang Chiang Rai 3,706 3,146 1,050 3,303 2 Mae Suai 21,883 21,720 1,050 22,806 3 Wiang Pa Pao 30,959 30,929 970 30,001 4 Mae Fa Luang 26,354 23,032 1,200 27,638 5 Thoeng 121 121 900 109 6 Phan 265 265 1,100 292 7 Mae Lao 830 830 1,150 955 Total 84,118 80,043 1,063 85,104 Tea that are grown in Chiang Rai Province are divided into 2 varieties: 1. -
The Study on the Development of the Participatory Management Of
The Study on the Development of the Participatory Management of Occupational Group that Affects the Sustainable Development of Mae Chan Tai Community, Mae Suai District, Chiang Rai Province กำรศึกษำแนวทำงพัฒนำกำรบริหำรจัดกำรกลุ่มอำชีพอย่ำงมีส่วนร่วมที่ส่งผลต่อกำรพัฒนำ อย่ำงยั่งยืนของชุมชนแม่จันใต้ อ�ำเภอแม่สรวย จังหวัดเชียงรำย Sutheemon Chongesiriroj1 and Chanchai Bunchapatanasakda2 สุธีมนต์ ทรงศิริโรจน์1 และ ชาญชัย บัญชาพัฒนาศักดา2 1Doctor of Business Administration Program, Shinawatra University 1หลักสูตรบริหารธุรกิจดุษฎีบัณฑิต มหาวิทยาลัยชินวัตร 2School of Management, Shinawatra University 2คณะการจัดการ มหาวิทยาลัยชินวัตร Received: February 7, 2019 Revised: March 13, 2019 Accepted: March 13, 2019 Abstract This research is a mixed methods research on both qualitative and quantitative research which aims to study the participatory management of the occupational group and the potential development guidelines, which can bring the knowledge to develop the management pattern and the strategies for promoting the community sustainable development. Sample consisted of 36 households. The research found out that the management of the occupational group (POSDCoRB) in overall is in high level. Anyway, in each aspect, it was found that the opinions with the highest level towards the budgeting and the other aspects were rated as high level such as staffing, reporting, directing, planning, organizing, and coordinating respectively. The guidelines for the participatory development of the occupational group that affecting the potential sustainable development -
Association of Environmental Factors and High HFMD Occurrence In
Laor et al. BMC Public Health (2020) 20:1829 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09905-w RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand Pussadee Laor1* , Tawatchai Apidechkul1,2*, Siriyaporn Khunthason1,2, Vivat Keawdounglek1, Suntorn Sudsandee1, Krailak Fakkaew1 and Weerayuth Siriratruengsuk1 Abstract Background: The major population vulnerable to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is children aged less than 5 years, particularly those who are cared for at day care centers (DCCs). This study aimed to assess the associations of environmental and sanitation factors with high HFMD occurrence rates in DCCs of northern Thailand. Methods: A case-control study was used to gather information from caregivers and local government administrative officers. DCCs in areas with high and low HFMD occurrence rates were the settings for this study. A validated questionnaire was used to collect environmental and sanitation information from the DCCs. In-depth interviews were used to collect information from selected participants who were working at DCCs and from local government administrative officers on the HFMD capacity and prevention and control strategies in DCCs. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between many environmental factors and HFMD at the α = 0.05 significance level while the content analysis was used to extract information from the interviews. Results: Two variables were found to be associated with a high rate of HFMD occurrence: the number of sinks available in restrooms and the DCC size. Children attending DCCs that did not meet the standard in terms of the number of sinks in restrooms had a greater chance of contracting HFMD than children who were attending DCCs that met the standard (AOR = 4.21; 95% CI = 1.13–15.04). -
Thanapiriya Public Company Limited (TNP)
- Information Memorandum – Thanapiriya Public Company Limited (TNP) Head Office 661 Moo. 24 Rop Wiang, Muang, Chiang Rai 57000 Tel. +66 53 756 484 Fax: +66 53 756 484 Website: www.thanapiriya.co.th Listing Date As of 18 November 2015 (Trading commencement on 18 November 2015) Listing Securities 800 million common shares with par value of 0.25 Baht per share, total value of 200 million Baht Capital As of 18 November 2015 (Trading commencement) Registered Capital; Common Shares 200 million Baht (800 million shares) Paid-up Capital; Common Shares 200 million Baht (800 million shares) Secondary Market Market Alternative of Investment (mai) Offering Price 1.75 Baht Offering Date 11 - 13 November 2015 (The Company issues common shares to the public 200 million shares) Objectives and plans for utilizing the capital increase Amount Use of proceeds Estimated timing (million Baht) 1. Financing business expansion 245.00 Within 2016 2. Retiring bank loan 70.00 Within 2015 3. Using as working capital 19.41 Within 2015 - 2016 Total 334.41 Note: The capital increase in the amount of 350.00 million Baht, deduct an expenses in the amount of 15.59 million Baht, net proceeds in the amount of 334.41 million Baht. Green Shoe Option -None- Page 1 Type of Business and Nature of Operation Thanapiriya Public Company Limited (“The Company”) is a retailer and a wholesaler of consumer goods excluding fresh food under the name “Thanapiriya”. The major revenue is from store sales and the head office sales accounted for 75 percent and 25 percent of total sales revenue respectively. -
Using Multiple Criteria Decision Makingv (Mcdm) to Location Selection for Grass Flower Warehouse in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand
USING MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION MAKINGV (MCDM) TO LOCATION SELECTION FOR GRASS FLOWER WAREHOUSE IN CHIANG RAI PROVINCE, THAILAND Martusorn Khaengkhan College of Logistics and Supply Chain ,Suansunandha Rajabhat University 111/3-5 Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Paththom,Thailand 73170 Email:[email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to select warehouse location of grass flowers in Chiang Rai province Using Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) the three method for Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method, Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). For selected of grass flowers location warehouse in Chiang Rai Province.The entrepreneurs of grass flowers trading need to increase warehouse building to meet customer satisfaction. Thus, this paper is to surveyed 7 criteria of the entrepreneurs consist of size of property, property cost, labor cost, public utility, mode of transportation, ability to access of location and distance from supplier and investigated locating in 4 districts area using conjunctive constrain method to screen the alternative consist of Mae Jan district, Mae Sai district, Chiang Saen district and Chiang Khong district were used to selection. The decisions making of location selection used by SAW, TOPSIS and AHP, the result of this paper found that Tambon Pa Sang, Mae Chan district is appropriate located for building grass flowers warehouse in Chiang Rai province. Keywords: AHP, TOPSIS, SAW, Location Selection INTRODUCTION Regarding the necessity of the inventory, entrepreneurs may not want the much inventory in the stock because of the economic liquidity and the cost of the organization. But, in terms of inefficient logistic management and range and duration of transportation management, there will have the space of time condition. -
Regional Development of the Golden and Emerald Triangle Areas: Thai Perspective
CHAPTER 6 Regional Development of the Golden and Emerald Triangle Areas: Thai Perspective Nucharee Supatn This chapter should be cited as: Supatn, Nucharee, 2012. “Regional Development of the Golden and Emerald Triangle Areas: Thai Perspective.” In Five Triangle Areas in The Greater Mekong Subregion, edited by Masami Ishida, BRC Research Report No.11, Bangkok Research Center, IDE- JETRO, Bangkok, Thailand. CHAPTER 6 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE GOLDEN AND EMERALD TRIANGLE AREAS: THAI PERSPECTIVES Nucharee Supatn INTRODUCTION Regarding international cooperation in the Greater Mekong Sub-region, two triangle areas of the three bordering countries also exist in Thailand. The first is known as the “Golden Triangle” of Myanmar, Lao PDR, and Thailand. It was known as the land of opium and the drug trade in a previous era. The second, the “Emerald Triangle,” includes areas of Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand. In addition, there is also the “Quadrangle Area” of China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Thailand which is an extension of the Golden Triangle. Though there is no border between China and Thailand, there is cooperation in trading, drug and criminal control, and also the development of regional infrastructure, especially in the North-South Economic Corridor (NSEC) and the 4th Thai-Laos Friendship Bridge which is currently under construction. Figure 1 shows the location of the two triangles. The circled area indicates the Golden Triangle, which is located in the upper-north of Thailand, whereas the Emerald Triangle is in the northeastern region of the country. However, as these two triangles are located in different regions of Thailand with different characteristics and contexts, the discussions of each region are presented separately. -
Aerial Attunements and China's New Respiratory Publics
Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 6 (2020), 439-461 DOI:10.17351/ests2020.437 Breathless in Beijing: Aerial Attunements and China’s New Respiratory Publics VICTORIA NGUYEN1 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO Abstract For all of its protean and ephemeral qualities, air exerts a remarkably muscular influence on urban form and contemporary life in China. In recent years, as the breakneck speed of China’s development has altered the very chemistry of the atmosphere, the boundaries between breathing subjects and their toxic environments have become increasingly blurred. In this climate, Beijing inhabitants have sought out various modes of respiratory refuge, reorganizing the city into new spaces of atmospheric fortification. As deadly air divides Beijing into a series of protected insides and precarious outsides, life is increasingly being reoriented toward the dangers and imperatives of breathing in the Chinese city. Yet alongside the growing stratification of breathing experiences in the capital, shared exposure is also reconfiguring public life and landscapes through new solidarities and entwined fates. Engaging Beijing’s emergent respiratory publics online, behind face masks, and inside conditioned air spaces, I explore how collective exposure is galvanizing new modes of atmospheric recognition in China. Specifically, I suggest that respiratory publics make invisible threats visible by mobilizing everyday objects, practices, and social life to render air both an object of concern and a site of intervention. Ultimately, by attending to how attunements to air pollution emerge through everyday practices and quotidian habits, this article expands upon a growing body of STS scholarship investigating how social life is increasingly constituted in and through atmospheric entanglements. -
30899444.Pdf
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives Solveig Stornes ‘I want to improve myself’ Underemployed rural graduates in urban areas of China Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the M.A. degree Department of Social Anthropology, University of Bergen June 2012 1 2 ‘The Struggle of the Ants’ To be forgotten in the corner of the world Not my fault Has been buried by no means wasted I live in the cave Busy back and forth every day Do not care about other people how to say Ant small but broad minded Insists on being self Afraid of the wind I am not afraid of the wind Raindrops wet my dream Go ahead I go forward, The footprints me not ignorant Against the wind I am against the wind Way forward, although heavy I will be propped up with tentacles Rain patch of the sky Performed by: ‘the Ant Brothers’ Written by: Li Liguo and Bai Wanlong 3 4 Acknowledgements First and foremost I wish like to thank the people in Xiwang Cun who let me follow them in their daily lives and shared their experiences and life stories with me. Professor Leif O. Manger has been my supervisor, and I am deeply grateful for our inspiring discussions, commitment to my project and his support in this process. My respectful thanks go to Jon Pedersen at FAFO’s Beijing Office, who provided me with thoughtful comments and interesting inputs in Beijing. His colleague at CASTED were also very helpful providing me with critical comments and forcing me to sharpen my arguments during my fieldwork. -
Private Armies in the Early Korean Military Tradition (850-1598)
Penn History Review Volume 19 Issue 1 Fall 2011 Article 4 September 2012 Private Armies in the Early Korean Military Tradition (850-1598) Samuel Bieler University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/phr Recommended Citation Bieler, Samuel (2012) "Private Armies in the Early Korean Military Tradition (850-1598)," Penn History Review: Vol. 19 : Iss. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://repository.upenn.edu/phr/vol19/iss1/4 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/phr/vol19/iss1/4 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Early Korean Armies Private Armies in the Early Korean Military Tradition (850-1598) Samuel Bieler From 850 to 1598, private armies were a critical feature of Korean history. They buttressed the military government of the Ch’oe in the late 1100s, usurped the Koryo Dynasty to make way for the rise of the Chosen in 1392, and fought the Japanese invasion forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi during the Imjin War (1592-1598). They came from every facet of Korean society: peasant resistance forces, retainers of noble houses, and even contingents of Buddhist monks. Yet there has not been a great deal of analysis of the conditions that gave rise to private armies, nor whether in each conflict there were unique or similar conditions that lent themselves to the formation of private military forces in Korea during the different periods. Because these armies were not a constant feature of Korean history, the question of why certain eras witnessed the rise of private armies, while others did not, requires a closer examination. -
Ringen, Stein the Perfect Dictatorship, Chapter 1
Chapter 1 Leaders Th e Chinese state is not just a state; it is a party-state. Th at sets it apart. It is not a democracy, obviously, but nor is it a bog-standard dictatorship in which typically a military junta holds power with force on behalf of itself or, say, a class of landowners. A party-state is more than a one-party dictatorship. It is a system with two over- powering bureaucracies, side by side and intertwined. Th e state controls society, and the party controls the state. Th ere is a double system of control. Control is this state’s nature. If it were not for a determination to control, there would be no rationale for the double system. And once there is a party-state, the determination to control is a given. Th e double system is an awesome structure, all the more so when in the hands of able leaders. Th e current leader, Xi Jinping, the general secretary of the party, the president of the nation, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, now China’s strong and domineering leader, is using the apparatus available to him with force and determination. A big and powerful country, a strong state, an ambitious and shrewd leader—that adds up to a force to be reckoned with. Th e rest of us had better understand what is going on. Party-states are dictatorships. All the known ones in history have been dicta- torships, and the remaining ones, including China, are dictatorships.1 Communist rule in China was dictatorial before the communists were in control of all of the country, established itself as a brute dictatorship nationally in 1949, and continued to be a deadly dictatorship under Mao.2 China today is a sophisticated dictatorship in which citizens are allowed many freedoms but only up to a point. -
The Background and Development of the 1871 Korean-American Incident: a Case Study in Cultural Conflict
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 5-17-1974 The background and development of the 1871 Korean-American incident: a case study in cultural conflict Robert Ray Swartout Jr Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, Military History Commons, and the United States History Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Swartout, Robert Ray Jr, "The background and development of the 1871 Korean-American incident: a case study in cultural conflict" (1974). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 2424. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.2421 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS O:F Robert Hay Swartout, ,Jr. for the Master of Arts in History presented l\Iay 17, 197,1. Title: The Background and Development of the 1871 Korean-American Incident: A Case Study in Cultural Conflict APPROVED BY MEMBERS OF THE THESIS COMMITTEE: Berm::rd V. Burke '.Basu Dmytrys~"lyn This study is an attempt to combine the disciplines of Asian history and United States diplomatic history in analyzing the 1871 Korean-American Incident. The Incident revolves around the Low-Hodgers eA.-pedition to Korea, and the sub- sequent breakdown of peaceful negotiations into a military dash of arms. To describe the Incident as merely another example of American "im- perialism, '' or as a result of narrow-mindad Korean isolationism, is to over- simplify its causes and miss the larger implications that can be learned from it. -
TONAL VARIATION in the LUE DIALECTS of THAILAND Kanita
TONAL VARIATION IN THE (1) A1-2-3-4 (A1=A3, A2=A4), LUE DIALECTS OF comprising patterns 1 and 6; (2) A1-23-4, comprising patterns 2 and 7, THAILAND (3) A1-234, comprising patterns 3 and 8, (4) A12-34, comprising pattern 4; and 1 Kanita Chaimano (5) A123-4, comprising patterns 5 and 9. The tonal system and tone features of Abstract pattern 3/2 were found to be distributed widely in many provinces (Chiang Mai, This study analyzes the tonal variation of Lamphun, Lampang, and Nan). The tonal Lue dialects spoken in Thailand. These system and tone features of patterns 5/1 dialects are classified into groups based and 8/2 are found in Chiang Rai province; on structural differences in their tonal and those of patterns 4 and 7/1, in Chiang systems, and this classification then forms Mai province. the basis for a linguistic map of Thailand’s Lue dialects. The data were collected from Introduction 45 villages in 7 provinces in the northern part of Thailand. Three informants were According to Ruengdet Pankhuenkhat’s selected to represent each village, for a (1988) classification of the Tai language total of 135 informants participating in family, Lue has two main dialects: Lue this research. William J.Gedney’s (1972) and Yong. Some linguists identify the Lue wordlist was used to elicit tonal data. The and the Yong as belonging to a single tonal features of the dialects were ethnic group. Indeed linguistically, the analyzed using auditory information and Yong living in Thailand are of the same the personal computer programs “PRAAT, group as the Lue, but both of them call ver.4.5.12” and Microsoft Excel.