Dilip Meshram, Nikunj Pathak, Satish Sawale, Viji John, Dr. G.K. Khadse, Dr. Pawan Labhasetwar

Water Technology and Management Division CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, -440020

General Outline

Salient Features of Water Supply Scheme for City

 Sampling and analysis at field

Water Quality Standards

Physicochemical Water quality

 Microbial Water Quality

Risks of Contamination of Water

Conclusions

Acknowledgements Salient Features of Water Supply Scheme for Amravati City

Location of Amravati city : 77045” E 20055” N Population of Amravati city: 0.65 million Maintenance of scheme: Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP) Scheme commissioned year: 1990 Supply of treated water in 20 hours : 78 MLD Per capita supply of water (in LPCD) : 120 Continuity of water supply (in hours per day): 4-5 Number of operation zones: 16 Presently adopted approach to water supply: 24x7 Water Supply System Description

Source of Amravati water supply scheme: Upper Wardha Dam Storage capacity of the Source: 614.8 mcm Water Treatment Plant Master Balancing Reservoir Elevated Service Reservoirs Sampling and analysis at field DRINKING WATER QUALITY STANDARDS Key parameters Units BIS 10500-2012 Standards for Drinking(Desirable Limit) pH - 6.5 to 8.5 Total alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/L 200

Total hardness as CaCO3 mg/L 200

Calcium as Ca mg/L 75

Magnesium as Mg mg/L 30

Total dissolved solids mg/L 500

Chloride as Cl- mg/L 250

— Sulphate as SO4 mg/L 200

- Nitrate as NO3 mg/L 45

Fluoride as F- mg/L 1

Free residual chlorine mg/L 0.2

Water Quality based on Physicochemical Parameters

Water Quality at Source and WTP

200 184 175 180 170

160 140 Reservoir 140 132 124 120

100 Inlet of 80 Treatment Plant 60

40 33.6 32 32 MBR 22 19.419.4 17.5 16 20 20 13.8 9.6 10.8 4.7 1.1 3 0.240.2 0.19 0 Total Calcium as Magnesium Total Chloride as Sulphate as Nitrate as Fluoride as Alkalinity as Ca2+ as Mg2+ Dissolved Cl- SO42- NO3- F- CaCO3 Solids Microbial water quality

Bacteriological water quality in distribution system 20 0.5 18 17 0.45 0.45 0.42 16 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.37 0.37 0.35

12 0.3 0.29

TC 0.25 0.22

CFU/100mL 8 FC 0.2

Free Cl 0.15 4 4 0.1 0.1 2 2 0.05 0 0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 Saturna Saturna Wadali Wadali Nagpuri Nagpuri Arjun Arjun Sai Nagar Sai Nagar ESR Tail end ESR Tail end Gate ESR Gate Tail Nagar Nagar ESR Tail end end ESR Tail end Bacteriological water quality at 24x7 supply zones

2

1.5

1 Free chlorine (ppm) 0.5 TC (CFU/100 mL)

0 Arjun Nagar ESR Arjun Nagar Tail end Sainagar ESR Sainagar Tail end Risks of contamination of water

Conclusions

No significant change in physico-chemical parameters

32% samples tested positive for bacteriological contamination

Reasons for water contamination- back suction through leakages, damages, defective joints in the supply lines, unhygienic condition at consumer ends Acknowledgements

CSIR-National Enviromental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI), Nagpur,

 The University of Oklahoma, USA THANK YOU