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SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18 No. 5 1999 September

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SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18 No. 5 1999 September September, 1999 SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18, No. 5 SUBJECT: Non-polychaete B’98 problem animals GUEST SPEAKER: none DATE: 18 October 1999 TIME: 9:30 a.m. to 3:30 p. m. LOCATION: City of San Diego Marine Biology Lab 4918 N. Harbor Dr. #201 San Diego, CA 92106 Two October Meetings will be held, both addressing Bight’98 problems and specimens. The first, on non-polychaete topics, in San Diego on October 18; and the second on polychaete topics at the Worm Lab at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History on October 25. Be prepared to roll up your sleeves and dig deeply into our problem taxa. We will be done shortly with sample identification, and QC re-identification will begin in earnest. OPISTHOBRANCH WORKSHOP In June of this year the International Opisthobranch Workshop was held in Menfi, Italy. Commentary on the meetings from participants and photographs taken there are available on the web as a thread in the Sea Slug Arcidae, B’98 station 2425 (Mission Bay), Forum (run by Dr. Bill Rudman) at 24 July 98, 3.7 m Image by K. Barwick http://www.austmus.gov.au/science/division/ invert/mal/forum/menfwkshp.htm. FUNDS FOR THIS PUBLICATION PROVIDED, IN PART BY THE ARCO FOUNDATION, CHEVRON, USA, AND TEXACO INC. SCAMIT Newsletter in not deemed to be valid publication for formal taxonomic purposes. September, 1999 SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18, No. 5 The abstracts of the presentations have also spine differentiations. Sieg, who is largely been made available on-line at responsible for the current familial arrangement and definitions, did not use the http://www.futuralink.it/vannarotolo. seta/spine distinctions proposed by Watling in his family definitions, and efforts to do so lead NEW LITERATURE to problems. The senior author is attempting to Nemerteans have proven to have a difficult develop a better and more consistent separation taxonomy in many ways. Not the least of these between tanaidomorph families. In the present is a basic disagreement between nemertean paper the family Paratanaidae has been specialists on which characters have meaning redefined, and the status of the others declared in separating taxa. This provides a field ripe for unsatisfactory and in urgent need of re- a molecular based approach which can be used evaluation. to either validate or refute morphologically As in a paper mentioned in the last issue the based taxonomic hypotheses. Sundberg & Saur methodology of cladistics is under continual (1998) provide just such an analysis, dealing review. Jenner (1999) and Jenner & Schram with lineids in the genera Riseriellus, Lineus, (1999) continue this trend and critically review and Micrura. The outcome of their the assumptions underlying several cladistic examination is directly applicable to local methodologies. The different results presented nemertean taxonomy as they found both by workers using different sets of assumptions “genera” Lineus and Micrura to be and different methods should hardly be polyphyletic. Our local Lineus bilineatus is one surprising. It is however a bit disappointing to of several species ascribed to the genus which see in black and white just how method are not in the same clade as the type species dependant the “objective and testable” Lineus longissimus. If this analysis is approach of cladistics can be. Instead of a final confirmed by others, lineus will require a new great truth we are presented with a series of genus or genera. We assume that the local form successively better approximations of the identified as L. bilineatus is the same as the undisputed truth as methodological problems European form of that name included in the are discovered and counteracted. As an present analysis. The authors similarly found unregenerate “traditional” morphologist I must Micrura species to be scattered between admit some satisfaction in having the clay feet several clades, but as no local species were of the cladistic god highlighted in this fashion. included in the analysis it is unclear how local I have no doubt that as the methods mature and members of the genus would be aligned. the weak or inappropriate ones are weeded out, Further analysis of a broader spectrum of the the hope of a less subjective systematic many species described in each of these genera technique will finally be realized. The authors will be required to more completely resolve the point out quite effectively that we ain’t there issue. yet, especially for phylogenetic reconstruction. Larsen & Wilson (1998) shine a similar, if The introduced seaweed Sargassum muticum morphologically based, light on some of the hit our shores in the 70’s, and rapidly spread characters currently considered as significant in along the coast. It provided a new substrate for defining families within the tanaids. They a host of small associates, mostly peracarids found, for instance that the number of uropodal but also mollusks, bryozoans, urochordates, articles in their new species was ambiguous nemerteans, etc. Viejo (1999) examines the because of partial fusion. The authors mention same algal species in northern Spain, where it that tanaid family definitions are also difficult is also introduced. She compares the biota of to apply because of problems in use of seta/ the invasive species with that of two local 2 September, 1999 SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18, No.5 seaweeds, one with similar and the other with question and provides a nice summation of the dissimilar morphologies. The local associated costs and benefits of larval production. This microfauna proved well able to colonize and greatly simplifies the decisions you out there use the invading alga, and in areas where need to make in your search for alternative macroalgae had been in low abundance, the modes of reproduction. Sargassum provided additional habitat. As Sargassum also competes with native algae for 30 AUGUST MEETING space and light, this is not an unmixed President Ron Velarde (CSDMWWD) opened blessing. In the spanish case the associates of the business meeting promptly at 9:30a.m. at the native algae proved fickle, switching to the the San Diego Marine Biology Lab. The first invader without compunction. Anecdotal order of business was scheduling meetings for observations suggest that the local situation is the next two months. We will be continuing similar, with indigenous grazers readily along the same theme with problematic switching to the introduced alga. specimens from the Bight’98 project. Invasions do not always end so happily for the Meetings for non-polychaete topics will be ecosystem involved. Ruiz et al. (1999) examine held in San Diego on September 13 and the more stressful interactions between the October 18. Meetings for polychaete topics invader and the invaded. Using the invaders of will be held at the Worm Lab at the Los Chesapeake Bay as a database, they found that Angeles County Museum of Natural History on 1 in 5 invading species had apparently had a September 27 and October 25. significant impact on the Bay ecosystem, or Sonya Foree from the City and County of San one or more of it’s components. They also Francisco joined us for the day. During the doubt that the behavior of an invader in the afternoon session, Arleen Navarret (CCSF) and Bay can be used to predict it’s effect elsewhere. Victoria Diaz and Maricarmen Necoechea, The potential differences in community (both from CICESE, Ensenada, Baja composition and function are too great between California) were also in attendance. locations to allow easy application of experience in one area to another. They also Larry Lovell reported that the Aphrodita clearly perceived non-indigenous species as project is a “go”, and he is putting out a request additional stressors to already for specimens. Larry, in conjunction with anthropogenically stressed near-shore Cheryl Brantley and Ron Velarde, will be communities. As such their impacts, if investigating and clarifying the taxonomy of negative, could be magnified by preexisting Aphrodita. He would like to get as much stress on the community from these other material as possible. It would be especially sources. useful to include wide size ranges. If you can supply specimens of Aphrodita to Larry, please Whether or not a species uses larval forms for either ship them to him at Scripps or give him a dispersal is a part of the “life-history strategy” call (858) 822-2818 to arrange transportation. of that species; what it does to insure its persistence and spread. This is not always a Larry also gave an update on the status of his single path which a species follows, as our work on the marine invertebrate collection at recently mentioned examples of poecilogony Scripps. There is a lot of re-organization and have demonstrated. The consequences, both cleaning up that is going on and still much to positive and negative, of producing larvae have be done. If anyone is interested in seeing the not often been examined from a practical point of view; in essence a cost/benefit analysis of the larval method. Pechenik (1999) reviews the 3 September, 1999 SCAMIT Newsletter Vol. 18, No. 5 collection and putting in a day to help organize Next Rick Rowe distributed a voucher sheet on a portion of the collection, please call Larry. Macrochaeta sp A. He had found this species Larry hopes to put out a projected schedule for at San Miguel Island (station 2469, 33 m the organization of various taxa. depth) and also at two ITP stations (I-34, 63 ft depth and I-7, 171 ft depth). Cheryl Brantley We then started our parade of problematic had also found this species at San Miguel polychaete specimens. Tony Phillips Island (station 2490 at 75 m depth and station (CLAEMD) handed out a voucher sheet for 2491 at 95 m depth).
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