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Some Western American Cenozoic Gastropods of the Genus Nassarius

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Some Western American Cenozoic Gastropods of the Genus Nassarius Some Western American Cenozoic Gastropods of the Genus Nassarius GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 503-B Some Western American Cenozoic Gastropods of the Genus Nassarius By W. 0. ADDICOTT CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 503-B Pacific coast nassariids, usiful in biostratigraphic correlation of upper Cenozoic formations, are reviewed and classified subgenerically. One new subgenus is described, and one is newly named UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. -Geological Survey Library has cataloged this publication as follows: Addicott, Warren 0., 1930- Some western American Cenozoic gastropods of the genus Na.s-8arius, by W. 0. Addicott. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1965. 24 p. plates. 30 em. ( U.'S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 503-B) Contributions to paleontology. Bibliography : p. 19-21. 1. Gastropoda, Fossil. 2. Paleontology-Cenozoic. 3. Paleon­ tology-The West. I. Title. (Series) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 35 cents CONTENTS Page Page Abstract __________________________________________ _ B1 Systematic paleontology-Continued Introduction ______________________________________ _ 1 Subgenus Catilon Addicott, n. subgen _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B 11 Acknowledgments __________________________________ _ 2 Key to some western American Tertiary species Systematic paleontology ____________________________ _ 2 of Catilon________________________________ 11 Genus Nassarius DumeriL ______________________ _ 3 N assarius ( Catilon) churchi (Hertlein) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 Key to some fossil western American subgenera N assarius ( Catilon) arnoldi (Anderson) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 of N assarius ____________________________ _ 3 Nassarius (Catilon) smooti Addicott, n. sp______ 13 Subgenus Demondia Addicott, n. name ___________ _ 3 N assarius (Catilon?) antiselli (Anderson and Key to some western American species of Martin) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 Demondia _______________________________ _ 3 N assarius (Catilon) pabloensis (Clark)_________ 13 Nassarius (Demondia) californianus (Conrad) __ _ 3 N assarius ( Catilon) stocki Kanakoff _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 N assarius (Demondia) lincolnensis (Anderson Nassarius (Catilon) andersoni (Weaver)________ 14 and Martin) ____________________________ _ 5 N assarius ( Catilon) hamlini (Arnold)__________ 15 Subgenus Caesia H. and A. Adams _______________ _ 5 Nassarius (Catilon?) salinasensis Addicott, n. sp_ 15 Key to some western American species of Caesia_ 5 N assarius ( Catilon) hildegardae Kanakoff_______ 16 Nassarius (Caesia) grammatus (Dall) _________ _ 6 Nassarius (Catilon) iniquus (Stewart)_________ 16 Nassarius (Caesia) moranianus (Martin) ______ _ 8 Subgenus?_____________________________________ 16 N assarius ( Caesia) coalingensis (Arnold) ______ _ 9 N assarius ocoyanus (Anderson and Martin)____ 16 N assarius ( Caesia) whitneyi (Trask) __________ _ 9 Locality descriptions________________________________ 17 N assarius ( Caesia) delosi (Woodring) _________ _ 10 References_________________________________________ 19 N assarius ( Caesia) rhinetes Berry ____________ _ 10 Index_____________________________________________ 23 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates follow index] PLATE 1. Late Cenozoic species of Demondia and Caesia. 2. Late Cenozoic species of Caesia. 3. Late Cenozoic species of Catilon, Caesia, and subgenus?. Page FIGURE 1. Stratigraphic occurrence and possible evolution of species of Caesia___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ B7 III CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY SOME WESTERN AMERICAN CENOZOIC GASTROPODS OF THE GENUS NASSAR/US By w. 0. AnDICOTI' ABSTRACT molluscan asse1nblages from central California.. Two The gastropod genus N assarius, characteristic .of late Ceno­ nassariids that characterize many of these assmnblages, zoic molluscan faunas of the Pacific Coast ~states, is among the N. californianus (Conrad) and N. grammatu8 (Dall), most useful molluscan taxa for stratigraphic correlation of ma­ appeared to be diagnostic of Pliocene strata. Yet their rine Tertiary ·and Quaternary formations of western North actual stratigraphic ranges were obscured because of America. It first appeared in California during the early Miocene and by middle Miocene time had diversified into at the identification of the species under other names and least three supraspecific groups, defined on apertural morphol­ the use of N. california:nus for a number of Pliocene to ogy. These groups, which have continued into Recent time as Recent nassariids belonging to three subgenera. At one the principal nassariid subgenera in the northeastern Pacific time N. granwnatu8 was commonly identified as N. cali­ Ocean, are: Demondia, new name for Schizopyga Conrad, 1856 fornianu8, and N. californianus presumably was iden­ (not Gravenhorst, 1829) (type: Schizopyga californiana Con­ rad); Oaesia (type: Nassa perpinguis Hinds); and Oatilon, tified as the Pleistocene to Recent species N. 1nendicu8. new subgenus (type: Nassa arnoldi Anderson). A systematic review of these and related species be­ Demondia, the smallest of the three subgenera, is first c.ame requisite to determining their actual stratigraphic represented in strata of middle Miocene age by Nassarius Un­ distribution. As a result, perhaps half of the named colnensis from the Astoria Formation of coastal Oregon and fossil species of Nas8arius were studied and compared Washington. Other taxa referable to this subgenus are: cali­ tornianus, mendicus, mendicus forma cooperi, and mendicus with these species. The resulting compilation empha­ forma indisputabilis. sized the potential usefulness of nassariids in strati­ Taxa included in the subgenus Oaesia are: whitneyi, gram­ graphic correlation of upper Cenozoic strata and thereby matns, grammatu,s n. subsp. ?, coalingensis, perpinguis, moran­ prompted expansion of the study to a general review ianus, delosi, tossatus, cerritensis, and rhinetes. An evolu­ of the known fossil western American species. tionary sequence useful in stratigraphic correlation in Cali­ fornia is formed by the species whitneyi, grammatus, and In terms of their known stratigraphic distribution moranianus. Nassarius whUneyi ranges from middle to late and an apparent evolutionary sequence within one sub­ ~Iiocene. N. gramm.atus (Dall, 1917), a poorly known species genus, the fossil nassariids can be ranked with the pec­ long treated as a synonym of N. moranianus (Martin, 1914), is tinids and turritellas as one of the more useful characteristic of Pliocene formations. It can be distinguished from the descendent late Pliocene to early Pleistocene species, molluscan genera in correlation of upper Cenozoic X. nwranianus, by its nonangulated, uniformly sculptured body strata of the Pacific coast. The genus first appeared in whorl. The modern species representing this lineage, N. fos­ southern California during the early Miocene and by satus, first appears in beds of early Pleistocene age. 1niddle Miocene time had diversified into several species Fossil species included in the subgenus Oatilon are: churchi, arnoldi, smooti, antiselli, andersoni, pabloensis, stocki, hamlini, of restricted stratigraphic distribution. The strati­ salinasensis, iniquus, and hildegardac. The subgenus first ap­ graphic utility of many of the nassariids is favored by pears in beds of early Miocene age in California. It becomes their intricate sculpture, which permits an unusual locally extinct after the PUocene but is well represented in the modern Panamic molluscan province of the tropical eastern degree of refinement in species recognition. Most Pacific Ocean. species also are sufficiently numerous, in at least a few N assarius ocoyanus, a middle Miocene species not referable collections, to give a reasonably good idea of the amount to any of the preceding subgenera, is tentatively placed in a of individual va.riation. fourth, unnamed subgenus. With but one exception-an unusual species from the INTRODUCTION middle Miocene of California., N a88ar·ius ocoyanus A review of some fossil species of N a88arirtt8 from the (Anderson and Martin) -the known fossil nassariids Pacific coast ·was undertaken as an adjunct to the iden­ from the Pacific coast can be classified in three taxo­ tification and biostratigraphic classification of Pliocene nomic units. These taxa, defined wholly on apertural B1 B2 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY 1norphology, are recognized under the following sub­ and making available several specimens for figure illus­ generic names: Denwndia, new name, Ca,esla Adams, trations. L. G. Hertlein and A. M. Keen kindly pro­ and Oatilon, new subgenus. vided access to the collections of the California A cad­ Stratigraphic allocation of collections in which nas­ emy of Sciences and Stanford University, respectively. sariids occur is based primarily upon the Pacific coast "'\V. P. Popenoe, of the University of California, Los provincial n1etazoan chronology of Weaver and others Angeles, and G. P. Kanakoff, of the Los Angeles County ( 1944). Use of the epoch names Miocene, Pliocene, Museum, furnished specimens of N as8arius for figure and Pleistocene, and subdivisions thereof, is made in a illustrations. George Hughes, of the University of provincial sense, with explicit reference to the Weaver California, Santa Barbara, loaned specimens
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