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Home , Clavelina minuta, Cliopsidae, Haliotis, Kurtzia, Lophopanopeus bellus, Mediaster aequalis

Index Alcyonidium gelatinosum, 262,267; Angulosasscus tenuis, 158,175 A. mammilatum, 262; Anisodoris, 90; A. lentiginosa, 120; Numbers in bold type refer to A. parasiticum, 262; A. nobilis, 120 illustrations A. pedunculatum, 262; A. duplex, Anobothrus gracilis, 74 262; A. mytili, 262,264; Anomiidae, 133 , 109 A. polyoum, 262 Anomura, 184: Anomuran Abarenicola claparedi oceanica, 49; Alcyoniina Suborder, 19 megalopa, 184,198; Anomuran A. pacifica, 49; A. vagabunda Alcyonium spp., 19 zoea, 190 oceanica, 49 Alderia, 90; A. modesta, 105,119 Anthoarcuata graceae, 11 Abietinaria spp., 17 Alderina brevispina, 262 Anthopleura arternisia, 19; Acanella sp., 19 Alderinidae Family, 262 A. elegantissima, 13,18-20; Acanthina, 89 Aldisa, 90; A. cooperi, 120; A. xanthogrammica, 19,21 Acanthinephyra curtirostris, 183; A. sanguinea, 120 Anthoptilidae Family, 19 A. hispidus, 184 Aldisidae, 90 Anthoptilum grandiflorum, 19 Acanthochito~dae,153 Algaophenia spp., 17 Anthothela pacifica, 19 Acanthochitonina, 152,153 Alia, 89 Anthothelidae Family, 14,19 Acanthodoris, 90; A. brunnea, 120; Allia ramosa, 54 Anthozoa , 13,18-22 A. hudsoni, 120; A. nanaimoensis, Allocentrotus fragilis, 273,279 Antinoe, 63 120; A. rhodoceras, 120 Allopora petrograpta, 17; A. porphyra, Antinoella, 63 Acanthogorgiidae Family, 19 17; A. uenusta, 17; A. uerrilli, 17 Antipatharia Order, 19 Acarnus erithacus, 11 Alpheidae Family, 182,196 Antipathes sp., 19 Acila castrensis, 132,139 Alteration of generations, 13 AntipatKidae Family, 19 Acmaea, 89 Aluania, 89 Antipathina Suborder, 19 Acmaeidae, 89 Amage anops, 74 Antiplanes, 89; A. perversa, 102; Acorn worms, 293-95 Amblysyllis lineata uar. alba, 66; A. uoyi, 102 Acotylea Suborder, 26 Amblysyllis sp., 66 Antomedusae, 17 Acrocimdae Family, 68 Ammochares, 55 Aphrodita japonica, 55; A. longipalpa, Acrocirrus heterochaetus, 42 Ammotypane aulogaster, 53 55; A. magellanica, 55; A. parua, 55; Acteocina, 89 Ampharete acutifrons, 74; A. refulgida, 55 Acteonidae Family, 103 A. finmarchica, 74; A. goesigoesi, Aphroditidae Family, 48,55 Acteonidae, 89 74; A. arctica, 74; A. grubei, 74; Apidium nordamanni, 301 Actiniaria Order, 15,20-22 A. gagarae, 74 Apistobranchidae Family, 69 Actiniidae Family, 19 Ampharetidae Family, 74 Apistobranchus ornatus, 69 Actinocyclidae, 90 Amphiblastula larvae, 6,7 , 302; A. arenatum, 302; Actinostolidae Family, 19 Amphicteis gunneri floridus, 75; A. californicum, 302; A. glabrum, Actinotroch larvae, 253 A. mucronata, 74; 302; A. propinquum, 302; Actinotrocha A, 257; Actinotrocha B, A. scaphobranchiata, 74 A. solidum, 302; Aplidium sp., 302 256; Actinotrocha D, 254,257,258 Amphictene auricoma, 75; A. moorei, Suborder, 302 Actinula, 16 75 Aplysia, 90; A. californica, 106,119 Adalaria, 90; Adalaria sp., 120 Amphinomida Order, 48 Aplysiidae, 90 Adocia, 9; A. gellindra, 11 Arnphinomidae Family, 45,48 Aplysilla, 8; A. ?glacialis,12 Adula californiensis, 132; Amphiodia occidentalis, 274; Aplysillidae Family, 12 A. diegensis, 132; A. falcata, 132 A. urtica, 274 Aplysiopsis enteromorphae, 106,119 Aedicira pacifica, 54 Amphioplus macraspis, 274; Apodida Order, 274 Aegires, 90,98; A. albopunctatus, 96, A. strongyloplax, 274 Apomatus geniculatus, 67; A. timsi, 120; A. punctilucens, 98 Amphipholis pugetana, 274; 67 Aeolidia, 90; A. papillosa, 121 A. squamata, 274 Arabella iricolor, 51 Aeolidiidae, 90 Amphisamytha bioculata, 74 Arabellidae Family, 51 Aequorea victoria, 17 Amphissa, 89 Arachnidiidae Family, 262 Aequoreidae Family, 17 Amphitrite, 76; A. cirrata, 76; , 89 Aetea sp., 262 A. scionides dux, 76; A. palmata, 76 Archidistoma aggregatum, 301; Aeteidae Family, 262 Amphoriscidae Family, 9 A. molle, 302; A. psammion, 302 Agalmidae Family, 17 Anaata brepha, 11; A. spongigartina, Archidorididae, 90 Aglaja, 89,104 11 Archidoris, 90; A. montereyensis, 120; Aglajid opisthobranch, 103 Anaitides groenlandica, 60,61; A. odhneri, 120 Aglajidae, 89 A. hartmanae, 60; A. medipapillata, Arcoida, 132 Aglaophe~idaeFamily, 17 60; A. mucosa, 60,6262; Arctonoefragilis, 63; A. pulchra, 63, Agriodesma saxicola, 135 A. multiseriata, 60; A. williamsi, 60, A. uittata, 63 Akentrogonida, 175 62 Arenicola pusilla, 49; A. claparedi, 49; Akentrogonidae, 175 Anaspidea, 119 A. marina, 49 Alaskan Gaper, 148 Anaspidean opisthobranch, 106 Arenicolidae Family, 48,49 Alciopa reynaudi, 55 Anatoma, 89 Argeia pugettensis, 178 Alciopidae Family, 47,55 Anchinoe, 9 Arginula, 89 Alciopina tenuis, 55 Anchinoidae Family, 11 Argis levior, 182; A. alaskensis, 182 Alcyonacea Order, 19 Ancistrolepis, 89 Arhynchite pugettensis, 86 Alcyonaria Subclass, 19 Ancistrosyllis aff. groenlandica, 63 Aricia michaelseni, 54 Alcyoniddae Family, 19 Ancula, 90; A. pacifica, 120 Aricidea, 54; A. wassi, 54 AlcyoNdiidae Family, 262 Ancystrosyllis, 62,63 Armandia bioculata, 53; A. brevis, 53 Index -

Armina, 90; A. californica, 121 Bankia sctacea, 135, 139,140,144 Buskia nitens, 262 Arminidae, 90 Barleeia, 89 Buskiidae Family, 262 Arndtanchora sp., 11 Barleeidae, 89 Byglides macmlepida, 63 Artacama coniferi, 76 , 157-Ti: development, Bythotiara huntsmani, 17 Artacamella hancocki, 76 157-59; identification, 159-64; Arthophryxus beringanus, 178 local , 158; morphology, Caberea bo yi, 262; C. ellisi, 262 Articulata Class, 269-70 157-59; parasitic, 158,174-76 Cadlina, 90: C. pauomaculnta, 120; Asabellides lineata, 74; A. sibrica, 75 Barnea subtruncata, 135 C. luteomarginata, 120; C. modesta, Asbestopluma occidentalls, 11 Basket stars, 288 120 callosa, 300, 301; A. ceretodes, Bathybembix, 89 Cadulus aberrans, 154; C. californicus, 300; A. mentula, 299; A. paratropa, Batillaria, 89 154; C. tolmiei, 154 298,300,302; A. prunum, 300 Bentheogennema borealis, 182; Caecid prosobranchs, 105 , 296-303 B. burkenroadi, 182 Caecidae, 89 Ascidian tadpole larva, 296-303 Bergstroemia, 61 , 89,111 Ascidians, 296-303: development, Beringius, 89 Calappidae Family, 185 297-98; identification, 298-303; Berthella, 90: B. californica, 96,119 Calastacus stilirostris, 184 life cycle, 296; reproduction, 287- Betaeus harrimani, 182; B. setosus, Calcarea Class, 5,7,8,9 98; solitary, 301-2; tadpole larvae 182 Calcaronea, 9 296-303 Bicellariella ciliata, 265 Calcigorgia spiculifera, 19 Ascidiidae Family, 300,301 Bicellariellidae Family, 262 Calinaticina, 89 Asclerocheilus beringianus, 53 Bicidium aequoreae, 19 Callianassa. See Neotrypaea Aspidochirotida Order, 273 Bicrisia edwardsiana, 261 Callianassidae Family, 184,196,215 Aspidosiphon sp., 81 Biemna rhadia, 11 Callianopsis investigatoris, 184; Assiminea, 89 Biemnidae Family, 11 C. goniophthalma, 184 Assimineidae, 89 Bimeria spp., 17 Callioplanidae Family, 27 Astarte compacta, 133; A. esquimalti, Bipinnariae larvae, 281 Calliostoma, 89, 108 133; A. undata, 133 Bittium, 89, 109 Callistochiton crassicostatus, 153 Astartidae, 133 Bivalves, 131-51: development, 131, Callistochitonidae, 153 Asterina rniniata, 273,281 136; identification, 137,138; Callogorgia kinoshitae, 19 Asteroid key, 284 periclymna larvae, 137,139; Callopora armata, 262; Asteroidea Class, 281-84 reproduction, 131,136; veliger C. circumclathrata, 262; Astraea, 89 larvae, 139 C. corniculifera, 262; C. horrida, Asychis disparidentata, 50 Bocardiella hamata, 70 262; C. lineata, 262 Atelecyclidae Family, 185 Boccardia, 70: B. californica, 70; Callyspongia, 9 Athecanephria Order, 86,87 B. columbiana, 70; B. polybranchia, Calocaris quinqueseriatus, 184 Athecata Suborder, 17 70; B. proboscidea, 70; B. uncata, 70 Caluopora occidentalis, 262 Atlanta peroni, 113 Boccardiella hamata, 70,72 Calycella spp., 17 Atlantia, 89 Bolitaena diaphana, 155,156 Calycophorae Suborder, 17 Atlantid heteropod, 113 Boltenia uillosa, 299,300 Calycopsidae Family, 17 , 89 Bonelliidae Family, 86 Calyptraeidae, 89,105,109 Aulactinia incubans, 15,19 Bonelloinea Order, 86 Campanularia spp., 17 Auricularia larva, 282,285 Bonneviella spp., 17 Campanulariidae Family, 17 Autolytus uarius, 66; A. cornutus, 66; Bonneviellidae Family, 17 Campanulinidae Family, 17 A. prismaticus, 66; Autolytus sp., Bopyridae, 178 Cancellaria, 89 66 Bopyroides hippolytes, 178 Cancellaridae, 112 Axiidae Family, 184,186 Boreohydndae Family, 17 Cancellariidae, 89 Axinella sp., 11 Botylloides leachi, 301; Botrylloides Cancer gracilis, 185,198,236; Axinellida Order, 11 sp., 302 C. antennarius, 185, 198, 237; Axinellidae Family, 11 Botyllus sp., 302 C. branneri (gibbosulus), 185; Axinopsida serricata, 133; A. uiridis, Bougainuillia spp., 17 C. magister, 185,198,237; 133 Bougainvilliidae Family, 17 C. oregonensis, 185,198,237; Axiopsis spinulicnuda, 184 Bowerbankia gracilis, 262,265,267 C. productus, 185,198,238 Axiothella, 50: A. rubrocincta, 50 Brachiolaria, 282; brachiolaria Cancridae Family, 185,193,198, Axocielita originalis, 11 lawae, 282 235-38 Brachiopoda Phylum, 269-71 Cancridae zoeae, 235 Balanoglossus clavigerus, 295 Brachyura, 185; B. megalopae, 197; Capitella capitata, 49,50 Balanomorpha, 158,165-72 B. zoea, 191 Capitellida Order, 49-50 Balanus balanus, 158,162,169; Branchiomaldane uincenti, 49; Capitellidae Family, 48-50 B. crenatus, 158,162,167; B. simplex, 49 Carcinus maenas, 186,200,246,247, B. glandula, 158,162,166,167,168; Brarosccus callosus, 158,175 248 B. improuisus, 158,162,165,166; Brisaster latifrons, 273,275,278 Cardiidae, 133 B. nubilus, 158,162,168,169; Brittle stars, 287-89 Cardiomya californica, 135; B. rostratus, 158 , 260-68 C. oldroydi, 135; C. pectinata, 135; Balcis, 89 Buccinidae, 89 C. planetica, 135 Balnophyllia elegans, 15,20 Buccinium, 89 Carditidae, 133 Balthica Macoma, 145 Bugula californica, 262; B. cucllifera, Caridea, 182,197 Balticina californica, 19; 262; B. flabellata, 262,265,266; Caridean zoea, 184 B. septentrionalis, 19 B. pacifica, 262; B. pugeti, 262; Carinaria, 89 B. plumosa, 265; B. simplex, 266 304 lderitification Guide to Larval Marine Invet-tebrates of the Pacific Northwest -

Carinariid heteropods, 113 Chitonina, 153 Clistosccus paguri, 158,175 , 89 Chitons, 152-54 Clistrosaccidae, 175 Cayophyllia alaskensis, 19,20; Chlamys behringiana, 132; C. hastata, Clymenella torquata, 50 C. smithi, 18-20 132; C. rubida, 132 Clypeasteroida Order, 273 Caryophylliidae Family, 19 Chloeia entypa, 48; C. pinnata, 48 Clytia spp., 17 Caryophylliina Order, 19 Chone gracilis, 67; Cnemidocarpa finmarkiensis, 300 Catriona, 90: C. columbiana, 121; C. infundibuliformis, 67, 68; : development, 13-15; C. rickettsi, 121 C. magna, 67; C. minuta, 67; Phylum, 13-23; reproduction, 13- Caulibugula californica, 262; C. mollis, 67; C. ecaudata, 67; 15 C. ciliata, 262; C. occidentalis, 262 C. teres, 67 Cnidarian planulae, 6 Caulleriella alata, 69; C. gracilis, 70; Chorilia longipes, 185 Codonellina cribriformis, 263 C. hamata, 69; C. raclis, 69 Choristida Order, 11 Coelenterata, 13-24 Cauloramphus brunea, 262; Chromodorididae, 90 Coelomate worms, 85-87 C. echinus, 262; C. spiniferum, 262 Chrysogorgiidae Family, 19 Coelosphaera, 9 Cavolinia, 90, 116 Chrysopetalidae Family, 46,55 Colletosia radiata, 262 Cavoliniid thecosomatous Chrysopetalidae, 55 Columbellidae, 89,112 pteropods, 97,116,117 Chysopetalum, 55; C. debile, 55 Colus, 89 Cavoliniidae, 90 Chthamalus dalli, 158,162,163,172; Compsomyax subdiaphana, 134 Cellaria diffusa, 262; C. mandibulata, C. fissus, 172 Conchocele bisecta, 133 262 Ciaperoecia californica, 261; C. major, Conopeum reticulum, 262,264 Cellariidae Family, 262 261 Cooperella subdiaphana, 134 Cellepora pumicosa, 262; Cellepora Ciocalyptus penicillus, 11 Cooperellidae, 134 sp., 262 intestinalis, 299,300, 301 Copepoda, 159 Celleporidae Family, 262 Cionidae Family, 300 Copidozoum protectum, 262; Cephalaspidea, 119 Circeis amoricana, 68; C. spirillum, C. tenuirostre, 262 Cephalaspidean optisthobranch, 68,69; C. spirillum, 68 Corallimorpharia Order, 19 98,104 Cirratulidae Family, 45,69 Corallimorphidae Family, 19 Cephalopoda, 154-56 Cirratus cirratus cingulatus, 70; Corallimorphus sp., 19 Ceramaster articus, 273; C. cirratus cirratus, 70; C. robustus, Corals, 13,14 C. patagonicus, 273 70; C. spectabilis, 70 Corambe, 90 Ceratonereis paucidentata, 59 Cirriformia spirabranchia, 70 Corambidae, 90 Ceratostoma, 89 Cirripedia, 157-77 Corbiculafiuminea, 134,136,140, Cerberilla, 90 Cirrophorus lyra, 54 143,144 Ceriantharia Order, 15,19,20 Cistenides breuicoma, 75; Corbiculidae, 134 Cerianthidae Family, 18,19 C.granulata, 75 Cordagalma cordiformis, 17 Ceriantipatharia Subclass, 19 Cladocarpus spp., 17 Cordylophora caspia, 17 Cerithiidae, 89,109 Cladonema californicum, 17 Corella, 301: C. inflata, 298,300,301; Cerithiopsidae, 89,110 Cladonematidae Family, 17 C. willmeriana, 300 Cerithiopsis, 89 Clams, 131-51: Alaskan Gaper, 148; Corellidae Family, 300 Cestoda Class, 26 Asiatic Freshwater, 144; Butter, Corolla, 90: C. spectabilis, 107 Cestoplana sp., 27 147; Little Gaper, 145; Soft-shell, Coronate larvae, 260,265-67 Cestoplanidae Family, 27 145-46 Coymorpha sp., 17 Chaetopleura apiculata, 152; Clathriidae Family, 11 Corymorphidae Family, 17 C. gemma, 153 Clathrina, 8: C. blanca, 9; C. coriacea, Corynactis californica, 19 Chaetopleuridae, 153 9; Clathrina sp., 9 Coyne sp., 17 Chaetopteridae Family, 46,69 Clathrinidae Family, 9 Corynidae Family, 17 Chaetopteridae, 69 Clathromangelia, 89 Cossura modica, 50 Chaetopterus variopedatus, 69 Clauelina huntsmani, 302; Cossurida Order, 50 Chaetozone berkeleyorum, 70; C. lepadiformis, 301; Clauelina sp., Cossuridae Family, 50 C. sefosa, 69 302 Costazia costazia, 263; C. robertsoniae, Chalinula, 9 Family, 302 263; C. uentricosa, 263 Chama arcam, 133 Clavidae Family, 17 Cotylea Suborder, 26 Chamidae, 133 Clavoporidae Family, 262 : Black-clawed, 248; Brackish- Chamylla, 90 Clauularia moresbii, 19; Clauularia Water, 249; Butterfly, 221-22; Chapperiella condylata, 262; C. patula, SPP., 19 Dungeness, 237; Flat Porcelain, 262 Clavulariidae Family, 19 234; Flattop, 234; Graceful, 236; Chapperiellidae Family, 262 Clinocardium blandum, 133; Graceful Decorator, 243-44; Cheilonereis cyclurus, 59 C. californiense, 133; C,cliatum, Green, 246,247,248; Hermit, 218, Cheilopora praelonga, 263 133; C.fucanum, 133; C. nuttalli, 219; Lined Shore, 241-42; , Cheiloporinidae Family, 263 133 244-45; Pacific Rock, 236; Pacific Chelonaplysilla polygraphis, 12 Clio, 90, 116 Sand, 219-20; Pubescent Chelophyes appendiculata, 17 Cliona 8,90; C. ?argus, 11; C. ?celata, Porcelain, 234; Purple Shore, 240; Chelyosoma, 301: C. columbianum, 11; C. limacina, 99, 120; C. lobatta, Pygmy Rock, 237; Red Rock, 238; 300; C. productum, 300,301 11; C. ?warreni, 11 Rhinoceros, 222; Shore, 246,247, Chionoecetes bairdi, 185,199,242-43; Clionidae Family, 11 248; Striped Shore, 241-42; C. angulatus, 185 Clionidae, 90 Tanner, 242-43; Thick-Clawed Chitinopoma, 68; C. groenlandica, 68 , 90 Porcelain, 234; Turtle, 221-22; Chitonia, 152,153 Cliopsis, 90 Yellow Shore, 240 Index -

Crangon alba, 182; C. alaskensis, 182; Cymakra, 89 Diaulula, 90: D. sandiegensis, 120 C.franciscorum, 182; C. handi, 182; Cymatiidae, 89,107 Dictyoceratida, 10 C. nigricauda, 182; C. stylirostris, Cymbulia peroni, 107 Dictyociona asodes, 11 182 Cymbuliidae, 90 Didemnidae Family, 302 Crangonidae, 182,196 Cyphonautes larvae, 260,263-65 albidum, 301; Crania, 271: C. californica, 269,270 Cyrpid: 159,163; key to Cyprids, D. carnulentum, 302 Craniella villosa, 11; C. spinosa, 11 163-64 Dimophyes arctica, 17 Craniopsis, 89 Cystodytes dellechiajei, 301; Diodora, 89 Crassicardia crassidens, 133 C. lobatus, 302 Diogenidae Family, 184,195,201, Crassostrea, 133: C. gigas, 133,140, Cytididae Family, 261 202,218 142,144; C. virginica, 133,140, Diopatra cuprea, 52; D. ornata, 52 142,144 Dac ydium pacificum, 132 Diphasia spp., 17 Crenella decussata, 132 Dajidae, 178 Family, 17 Crepidula, 89: C. adunca, 105,109 Dakaria dawsoni, 263; D. ordinata, Diplodonta impolita, 133; D. orbellus, Crepipatella, 89 263; D. pristina, 263 133 Creseis, 90: C. virgula, 116 , 181-252:development, Diplosoma listerianum, 301 Cresiella producta, 261 181,186,187; keys megalopae, Dirona, 90: D. albolineata, 121; Cribrilina annulata, 262; C. corbicula, 197-203; keys zoeae, 192-97; keys D. aurantia, 121; D. picta, 121 262; C. radiata, 262 zoeae vs megalopae, 192; life Dironidae, 90 Cribrilinidae Family, 262 cycle, 187; morphology, 187-88; Discocytis canadensis, 261 Cribrinopsis fernaldi, 15,19; reproduction, 181,186,187 Discodorididae, 90 C. williamsi, 19 Decapodid, 187 Discurria, 89 Crimora, 90: C. coneja, 120 Delectopecten randolphi, 132; Disoma multisetosum, 74 Crinoid, 288,289 D. vancouverensis, 132 Disporella fimbriata, 261; D. hispida, Crinoidea Class, 274,289-90 Demonax media, 67,68 261; D. separata, 261 Crisia eburnea, 261; C. elongata, 261; Demospongiae Class, 5,8 Dissoconch, 137 C. occidentalis, 261; C. operculata, Dendraster excentricus, 273, 278 Distaplia rosea, 301 261; C. pugeti, 261; C. serrulata, Dendrobeania cuwirostrata, 262; Distaplia occidentalis, 297,302; 261 D. laxa, 262; D. lichenoides, 262; D. smithi, 302 Crisidia cornuta, 261 D. longispinosa, 262; D. muwayana, Distylia rugosa, 67 Crisiidae Family, 261 262 Dodecaceria choncharum, 70; Crossaster borealis, 273 Dendrobranchiata, 182 D. fewkesi, 70; D. fistulicola, 70 Crucigera irregularis, 67; Dendroceratida Order, 8,12 Doliolaria larvae, 285,286,289 C. zygophora, 67 Dendrochirotida Order, 273 Doridacean nudibranch, 98 Cyptobranchia, 89 Dendrochiton flectens, 153; Doridella, 90: D. steinbergae, 108, 120 Cyptochiton stelleri, 152,153 D. semiliratus, 153 Dowillea, 51: D. atlantica, 51; Cyptolaria spp., 17 Dendrodoa abbotti, 300; D. moniloceras, 51; Cyptolithodes sitchensis, 184; D. grossularia, 299 D. pseudorubrovittata, 51; C. typicus, 184,221-22 Dendrogaster sp., 158 D. rudolphi, 51 Cyptomya californica, 134 Dendronotacean nudibranch, 107 Dowilledae Family, 45,51 Cryptoniscus larva, 178,179 Dendronotidae Family, 114 Doyporella alcicornis, 262 Cryptosula pallasiana, 263 Dendronotidae, 90 Doto, 90: D. amyra, 107,108, 120; Ctenodrilida Order, 51 Dendronotus, 90: D. albopunctatus, Doto form B, 120; D. kya, 120 Ctenodrilidae Family, 51 120; D. diversicolor, 120; Dotoidea, 90 Ctenodrilus serratus, 51 D. frondosus, 120; D. iris, 120; Drilonereis falcata, 51; D. filum, 51 Ctmatiidae, 110 D. subramosus, 120 Dynamenn spp., 17 Cubozoa Class, 13 Dendrophylliidae Family, 19 Dysidea fragilis, 11 Cucumaria fallax, 274; C. lubrica, 274; Dendrophylliina Suborder, 19 Dysideidae Family, 11 C. miniata, 274; C. piperata, 274; Dendropoma, 89 C. pseudocurata, 274,285; Dentaliida, 154 Echinodermata, 272-91: collecting, Cucumaria sp., 286 Dentaliidae, 154 276-77; development, 272-76; Cultellidae, 134 Dentalium, 154,155: D. agassizi, 154; local species, 273-74; morphology, Cumanotidae, 90 D. pretiosum, 154; D. rectius, 154 278-90; observing, 276-77; Cumanotus, 90: C. fernaldi, 121 Dermasterias imbricata, 273 reproduction, 272-76 Cumingia californica, 134 Desmophyes annectens, 17 Echinoid key, 280-81 Cup corals, 14 Desmophyllum cristagalli, 19 Echinoida Order, 273 Cuspidariidae, 135 Desmoxyidae Family, 11 Echinoidea Class, 278-81 Cuthona, 90: C. abronia, 121; Dexiospira, 68 Echinoplutei, 278: larvae, 278 C. albocrusta, 121; C. cocoachroma, D-hinge stage, 137,138 Echinopluteus, 278 121; C. divae, 121; C. fulgens, 121; Diacria, 90, 116 Echinospira la~ae,97 C. lagunae, 121 Diaperoecia californica, 261; Phylum, 85 Cuvierina, 90,116 D. intermedia, 261; D. johnstoni, Ech'iuridae Family, 85-86 Cyathoceras qunylei, 19 261; D. obelium, 261 Echiuroinea Order, 85-86 Cyclichnidae, 89 Diaphana, 89,104: D. californica, 119 Echiurus echiurus subsp. Alaskanus, Cyclocardia crebricostata, 133; Diaphanidae, 89 86 C. ventricosa, 133 Diaphorodoris, 90: D. lirulatocauda, Ectyomyxilla parasitica, 11 Cylichna, 89 120 Edwardsia sipunculoides, 19 Cylichnidae Family, 104 Diastoporidae Family, 261 Edwardsiidae Family, 10 itification Guide to Larval Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest

Ehlersia cornuta, 66 Eunice kobiensis, 52; E. segregata, 52; Forcepia ?japonica, 11 Eirenidae Family, 17 E. ualens, 52 Forcipulatida Order, 273 Electra crustulenta, 262,264,265; Eunicida Order, 51 Freemania litoricola, 27 E. pilosa, 264 Eunicidae, 51 Fulifascigera fasciculata, 261 Electridae Family, 262 Eunoe barbata, 63; E. nodosa, 63; Funiculina parkeri, 19 Ellisina leuata, 262 E. oerstedi, 63; E. senta, 63 Funiculinidae Family, 19 Elysia, 90: E. hedgpethi, 119 Eupentacta pseudoquinquesemita, 274; Fusinidae, 89 Elysidae, 90 E. quinquesemita, 274,286 Fusinus, 89 Emerita analoga, 184, 194,219-220 Euphrosine bicirrata, 48; E. hortensis, Fusitriton, 89: E oregonensis, 110 Enipo, 63: E. cirrata, 63 48 Enterocoelous, 293-95 Euphrosinidae Family, 48 Gadilida, 154 Enterogona Order, 302 Euphysa ruthae, 17; Euphysa spp., 17 Gadilidae, 153 Entempneusta Class, 293 Euphysidae Family, 17 Galathealinum brachiosum, 87 Enteroxenos, 89: E. parastichopoli, 117 Eupolymnia crescentis, 76; Galatheidae Family, 184,195 Entoconchid prosobranch, 117 E. , 76 Galeommatidae, 133 Entoconchidae, 89 Eurylepta aurantiaca, 27; E. leoparda, Gari californica, 134 Entodesma pictum, 135 27 Garveia annulata, 17; G. groenlandica, Entoniscidae, 178 Euryleptidae Family, 27 17 Ephesia, 65 Eu ystomella bilabiata, 263 : Class, 88-130; Ephesiella, 65 Eurystomellidae Family, 263 classification, 89; Families, 89-90; Epiactis fernaldi, 15; E. prolifera, 15; Eusergestes similis, 182 genera, 89-90; identification, 94- E. ritteri, 15 Eusyllis assimilis, 66; E. blomstrandi, 95; illustration sources, 123; key, Epicaridea, 178; larvae, 178 66 96-i17; larval form, 91; Epistomiidae Family, 262 Euthecoscome pteropods, 116 morphology, 88-91 Epitoniidae, 89,110 Eutonina indicans, 17 Gastropteridae, 89 Epitonium, 89 Euzonus mucronata, 53; E. williamsi, Gastropteron,89,104: G. pacificurn, Epizoanthidae Family, 19 53 98,103,104,119 Epizoanthus scotinus, 15,19,20 Evasterias troschelii, 273 Gattyana, 63 Errinopora pourtalesii, 17 Exilioidea, 89 Geitodoris, 90: G. heathi, 120 Esperiopsidae Family, 11 Exogone gemmifera, 66; E. lourei, 66; Gemelliporella inflata, 263 Eteone bistriata, 60; E. californica, 60; E. naidina, 66; E. uniformis, 66; Genetyllis, 61 E. longa, 60,61,62; E. maculata, 60; E. uerugera, 66 Gennadas incertas, 182; E. pacifica, 60; E. spitsbergensis uar. G. propinquus, 182; G. tinayrei, 182 pacifica, 60 Fabia subquadrata, 186,199,244-45 Geodia mesotriaena, 11 Eualus auinus, 182; E. barbatus, 182; Fabricia brunnea, 67; F. dubia, 67; Geodiidae Family, 11 E. berkeleyorum, 182; E. biunguis, F. oregonia, 67; F. sabella, 67 Geodinella robusta, 11 182; E. fabricii, 182; E. lineatus, Fabriciola berkeleyi, 67; F. pacifica, 67; Gersemia rubiformis, 19 182; E. macrophthalmus, 182; F. sabella, 67 Glans carpenteri, 1333 E. suckleyi, 183,204 Facelinidae, 90 Glaucothoe, 187 Eubranchidae, 90,114 False Angel Wing, 147 Gleba sp., 107 Eubranchus, 90: E. olivaceus, 121; Fartulum, 89 Glycera americana, 56; G. capitata, 56, E. rustyus, 121 Fauveliopsida Order, 52 57; G. conuoluta, 56,57; Euchone analis, 67; E. barnardi, 67; Fauveliopsidae Family, 52 G. gigantea, 56; G. nana, 56; E. incolor, 67; E. rosea, 67; E. sp.cf. Fauueliopsis armata, 63 G. oxycephala, 56; G. robusta, 56; hancocki, 67; E. trisegmentata, 67 Feather stars, 289 G. tenuis, 56; G. tesselata, 56 Euclymene, 50: E. reticulata, 67 Fenestrulina malusii, 263 Glyceridae Family, 45,55,56 Eudendriidae Family, 17 Filellum spp., 17 Glycinde armigera, 57; G. picta, 56; Eudendrium spp., 17 Filicrisia franciscana, 261; G. polygnatha, 57 Eudistoma illotum, 301; E geniculata, 261 Glycymerididae, 132 E. purpuropunctatum, 302; Fiona, 90: F. pinnata, 121 Glycymeris corteziana, 132; E. ritteri, 302 Fionidae Family, 114 G. subobsoleta, 132 Eudistylia abbreviata, 67; E. plumosa, Fionidae, 90 Golfingia elongata, 81; 67; E. polymorpha, 67; E. tenella, 67; Fissurellidae, 89 G. margaritacea, 80; G. minuta, 81; E. uancouveri, 67 Flabelliderma commensalis, 51 G. misakiana, 81; G. pugettensis, 80, Euherdmania clauiformis, 301,302, Flabelligera affinis, 53; 81; G. uulgaris, 81 303 F. infundibularis, 53 Golfingiidae Family, 80 Eulaeospira, 68 Flabelligerida Order, 52-53 Goniada brunnea, 56 Eulalia aviculiseta, 61; E. bilineata, Flabelligeridae Family, 52 Goniadidae Family, 45,56,57 60; E. levicornuta, 60; Flabellina, 90: F. fusca, 121; Goniodorididae, 90 E. nigrimaculata, 61; F. trilineata, 121 Gonionemus uertens, 17 E. quadrioculata,61; E. sanguinea, Flabellinidae, 90 Gonothyraea spp., l6,17 61,62; E. uiridis, 61, 62 Flatworms, 26 Gorgonocephalus eucnemis, 274 Eulima, 89 Florometra serratissima, 274,289 Gotte's larvae, 26,27 Eulimidae Family, 110 Flustrellidra corniculata, 262; Grammaria spp., 17 Eulimidae, 89 E hispida, 264 Grantia comoxensis, 9; G. compressa, Eumastia sitiens, 11 Flustrellidridae Family, 262 7,9 Eumida, 61 Foersteria spp., 17 Grantiidae Family, 9 Euniccidae Family, 45,46,51 Fondiporidae Family, 261 Granulina, 89 Index

Grapsidae Family, 185,193,200, Hemichordata Phylum, 293-95 Homalopoma, 89 238-242 Hemigrapsus nudus, 185,200,240; Homoscleromorphida Order, 11 Gymnolaematea, 261-63,262 H. oregonensis, 185,200,241 Hopkinsia, 90: H. rosacea 120 Gymnomorph slugs, 89 Hemioniscidae, 178 Hormathiidae Family, 19 Gyrnnomorpha, 89,90 Hemioniscus balani, 178 Humilaria kennerlyi, 134 Gymnosomata, 120 Hemipenaeus spinidorsalis, 183 Hybocodotl, 16: H. prolifer, 17 Gymnosomatous pteropods, 97,99, Hem~podusborealis, 56,57 Hyboscoler pacificus, 53 116 Hemithiris psittacea, 269 Hydractinia, 17: H. aggregata, 17; Gyptis, 57: G. arenisola glabra, 57 Henleya oldroydi, 153 H. laevispina, 17; Hydractinia sp., Henricia spp., 273,283 17 Hadromerida Order, 8,11 Heptabrachia ctenophora, 87 Hydractiniidae Family, 17 Halcampa cypta, 19; Heptacarpus breuirostris, 183; Hydrallmania spp., 17 H. decemtentaculata, 18,19,21 H. camtschaticus, 183; H. carinatus, Hydrocorals, 13,17 Halcampidae Family, 19 183; H. decorus, 183; H. flexus, 183; Hydrodendron spp., 17 Halcampoides purpurea, 19 H. herdmani, 183; H. kincaidi, 183; Hydroida Order, 13,17 Halcampoididae Family, 19 H. littoralis, 183; H. moseri, 183; Hydroids, 13 Haleciidae Family, 17 H. paludicola, 183; H. pictus, 183; Hydromedusae, 16 Halecium spp., 17 H. pugettensis, 183; H. sitchensis, Class, 13,17 Halichondria, 8, 10,ll: 183; H. stimpsoni, 183; H. taylori, Hymedesanisochela rayae, 11 H. bowerbanki, 11; H. melanadocia, 183; H. tenuissimus, 183 Hymedesmiidae Family, 11 10; H. mwrei, 8; H. panicea, 11 Hermadion truncata, 63 Hymedesmio spp., 11 Halichondriida Order, 8,10,11 Hermaea, 90; H. uancouuerensis, 119 Hymenamphiastra cyancypta, 11 Halichondriidae Family, 11 Hermaeid sacoglossan Hymenanchora sp., 11 Haliclona 8,9: H.?ecbasis, 11; opisthobranch, 106 Hymendecyon lyoni, 11 H.?permollis, I1 Hermaeidae, 90 Hymeniacidon, 10: H.?perleve, 11; Haliclonidae Family, 11 Herrnissenda, 90; H. crassicornis, 121 H. sinapium, 11; Hymeniacidon sp., Halimedusidae Family, 17 Hesionidae Family, 48,57 11; H. ungodon, 11 Haliotidae, 89 Hesperonoe adventor, 63; Hymenodora acanthitelsonis, 183; Haliotids, 109 H. complanata, 63 H. frontalis, 183; H. glacialis, 183 Haliotis, 109 Hesperophyllum, 61 Haliplanella lineata, 19 Heterobranchia Subclass, 89 Idanthyrsus armatus, 75; Haliplanellidae Family, 19 Heteromastus filobranchus, 49; I. ornamentatus, 75 Halisarca, 8: H. sacra, 12 H. filiformis, 50 Immergentiidae Family, 262 Halisarcidae Family, 12 Heteropoda, 89,105 Immergetia sp., 262 Hallaxa, 90: H. chani, 120 Heteropora alaskensis, 261; H. magna, Inarticulata Class, 270-71 Halmedusa typus, 17 261; H. pacifica, 261 lone cornuta, I78 Halochondria spp., 11 Heteroporidae Family, 261 lothia, 89 Haloclavidae Family, 19 Heterostrophic shell growth, 102, lschnochiton abyssicola, 153; Halocynthia, 301: H. aurantium, 300; 103,104 I. interstinctus, 153; 1. trifidus, 153 H. igaboja, 300 Hexactinellida Class, 5 Ischnochitonidae, 153 Haloscoloplos, 53,54 Hexadella sp., 12 Iselica, 89 Halosydna brevisetosa, 63,64 Hiatella arctica, 135,140,142,145 Fididae Family, 19 Hamacanthidae Family, 11 Hiatellidae, 135 Isocirrus longiceps, 50 Hamigera ?lundbecki, 11 Higginsia sp., 11 , 178-89 Haminaea, 89,104 Hincksina alba, 262; H. pallida, 262 Haminoeidae, 89 Hincksinidae Family, 262 Janolus, 90: 1. fuscus, 121 Hanleyidae, 153 Hinnites gigantea, 132 Janthina, 89 Haplogaster grebnitzkii, 184 Hippasteria spinosa, 273 Janthinidae, 89,110 Haplosclerida Order, 9,10,11 Hippidae Family, 184,194,219 Janura rugata, 70 Haploscoloplos alaskensis, 54; Hippodiplosia insculpta, 263,265, Jellyfish, 13 H. pugettensis, 53 266; H. reticulato-punctata, 263 Jones amaknakensis, 11 Haplosyllis spongicola, 66 Hippolyte clarki, 183 Harmothoe extenuata, 63,64,65; Hippolytidae Family, 182,197,204 Kaburakia excelsa, 27 H. fragilis, 63; H. hartmanae, 63; Hippomonauella longirostrata, 263 Katharina tunicata, 153 H. imbricata, 63, 64,65; Hipponicidae, 89 Kellia suborbicularl, 133, 136,142, H. lunulata, 63, 64,65; Hipponix, 89 143,145 H. multisetosa, 63; H. pellucelytris, Hippoporella nitescens, 263 Kelliidae, 133 63; H. rarispina, 63; H. tenebricosa, Hippoporinidae Family, 263 Kentrogonida, 175 63; H. triannulata, 63 Hippothoa diuaricata, 262; H. hyalina, Keyhole limpets, 89 Harrimania, 293-95 263 Kophobelemnidae Family, 19 Harrimaniidae Family, 293 Hippothoidae Family, 262 Kophobelemnon affine, 19; Hataia pawn, 17 Hobsonia florida, 75 K. biflorum, 19; K. hispidum, 19 Hauelockia benti, 274 Holaxonia Suborder, 19 Kurtzia, 89 Heart urchin, 278 Holoph yxus alaskensis, 178 Kurtziella, 89 Hebella spp., 17 Holoplocamia, 9 Helicoptilum rigidum, 19 Holoporella brunnea, 263 Lacerna fistulata, 263 Hemectyon hyle, 11 Holothuroid key, 287 Lacuna, 89 Hemiarthrus abdominalis, 178 Holothuroidea Class, 273,285-87 Lacunid larvae, 111 Idemtification Guide to Larval Marine Invctrtebrates ofthe Pacific Northwest -

Lacunidae, 89,111 Leucosoleniidae Family, 9 Maldane robusta, 50; M. sarsi, 50 Laeospira, 68 Lichenopora novae-zelandiae,261; Maldanella harai, 50 Laevidomus, 171 L. verrucaria, 261 Maldanidae Family, 50 Lafoea spp., 17 Lichenoporidae Family, 261 Malmgrenia, 63: M. nigralba, 63 Lafoeidae Family, 17 Limacina, 90: L. helicina, 103, 104, Margarites, 89; M. pupillus, 103 Lagenipora punctulata, 263; 120 Marginellidae, 89 L. socialis, 263 Limacinidae, 90 Marphysa stylobranchiata, 51 Lngisca, 63 Limatula subauriculata, 132 Marseniid prosobranchs, 97,115 Laila, 90: L. cockerelli, 120 Limidae, 132 Marseniidae, 89 Lamellaria, 89 Limnomedusae Suborder, 17 Marsenina, 89 Lamellibranchs, 131-51 Limoida, 132 Marseniopsis, 89 Lamellisabella coronata, 87; L. zachsi, Limpets, 89 aequalis, 273, 283 87 Lingula, 270,271 Mediomastuf californiensis, 50 Langerhansia, 66 Liponema brmicornis, 19 Megacrenella columbiana, 133 Lanice chonchilega, 76 Liponematidae Family, 19 Megalomma splendida, 67 Laodiceidae Family, 17 Liriopsidae, 178 Megalopa, 187,188 Laonice cirrata, 70,72 Liriopsis pygmaea, 178 Melampidae, 90 Laqueus californianus, 269 Lirularia, 89 Melanochlamys, 104: M. diomedea, Lamaceans, 298 Lissocrangon stylirostris, 182 103,119 Lasaea subviridis, 133 Lissodendoryx, 9; L. firma, 11; Melibe, 90: M. leonina, 107,120 Lasaeidae, 133 Lissodendoyx sp., 11 Melibe leonina, 107 Latrunculia sp., 11 Lithodes couesi, 184 Melinna cristata, 75; M. denticulata, Latrunculiidae Family, 11 Lithodidae Family, 184,195,221-22 75 Laxosuberites sp., 11 Lithophaga plumula, 132 Membranipora membranacea, 262, Leanira calcis, 65 Lithopoma, 89 264 Lebbeus schrencki, 183; L. Littorina, 89 Membraniporidae Family, 262 washingtonianus, 183; L. Littorinidae, 89,111 Merriamum oxeota, 11 groenlandicus, 183,204,205 Loimia medusa, 76 Mesochaetopterus taylori, 69 Lebrunia, 15 Lopadorhynchidae Family, 45,46, Mesocrangon munitella, 182 Leitoscoloplos elongatus, 53,54; 58 Mesogastropoda, 89 L. panamensis, 54 Lopadorhyncus uncinatus, 58; Metacrangon acclivis, 182; Lensia baryi, 17; L. , 17 L. varius, 58 M. munita, 182; M. spinosissima, Lepadomorpha, 158,173-74 Lophelia californica, 19 182; M. variabilis, 182 Lepas anatifera, 158,173; Lopholithodes foraminatus, 184; Metandrocarpa dura, 300; M. taylori, L. fascicularis, 158; L. hilli, 158; L, mandtii, 184 299,300 L. pacifica, 158; Lepas spp., 164 Lophon chelifer, 11; L. piceus, 11 Metridiidae Family, 19 Lepeta, 89 Lophopanopeus bellus, 186,199; Metridium senile, 15,19; Metridium Lepetidae, 89 L. bellus bellus, 186,248; L. bellus spp., 18,19,21 Lepidasthenia longicirrata, 63 diegensis, 186 Micranellum, 89 Lepidochitona cinereus, 152; Lottia, 89 Microciona, 9; M. coccinea, 8; L. dentiens, 153; L. fernaldi, 153; Lottidae, 89 M. microjoanna, 11; M. primitiva, L. hartwegii, 153 , 158,175 11; M. prolifern, 11 Lepidochitonidae, 153 Lucina tenuisculpta, 133 Microglyphis, 89 Lepidonotus caekorus, 63; Ludnidae, 133 Micronereis bodegae, 59; L. squamatus, 63,64,65 Lucinoma annulata, 133 M. nanaimoensis, 59,60; Lepidopleurina, 153 Luidia foliata, 273, 281 M. variegata, 59 Lepidopleurus asellus, 152 Lumbrineridae Family, 45,46,52 Microniscus, 178 Lepidozona cooperid, 153; Lumbrineris afJ. abyssicola, 52; Microporella californica, 262; L. mertensii, 153; L. retiporosa, 153; L. bifurcata, 52; L. bricirrita, 52; M. ciliata, 262; M. coriacea, 262; L. scabricostata, 153; L. willetti, 153 L. californiensis, 52; L. cruzensis, M. setifonnia, 262; M. umbonata, Lepraliella bispina, 263 52; L. japonica, 52; L. latreilli, 52; 262; M. vibraculifera, 262 , 273 L. zonata, 52 Micmporellidae Family, 263 Leptochiton nexus, 153; L.rugatus, Lyocyma ffuctuosa, 134 Microporidae Family, 262 153 Lyonsia californica, 135 Microporina borealis, 262 Leptochitonidae, 153 Lyonsiidae, 135 Micrura wilsoni, 30 Leptomedusae, 17 Lyrula hippocrepis, 262 Mimulus foliatus, 185 Leptoplana vesiculata, 27 Lysippe annectens, 75 Minuspio cirrifern, 70 Leptoplanidae Family, 27 Miontodiscus prolongatus, 133 Leptosynapta clarki, 274; L. roxtona, Macoma calottensis, 134; Mitella polymerus, 158 274; L. transgressor, 274 M. eliminata, 134; M. nasuta, 134; Mitrella, 89 Leucandra heathi, 9; L. pyriformis, 9; M. secta, 134; M. yoldiformis, 134; Mitrocoma spp., 17 L. taylori, 9; L. ?levis, 9 M. balthica, 134,140,145 Mitrocornella spp., 17 Leucckartiara spp., 17 Mactra californica, 133 Mitrocomidae Family, 17 Leucilla nuttingi, 9 Mactridae, 133 Modiolus modiolus, 132,140,142, Leucopsila stylifera, 9 Madreporia, 19 145; M. rectus, 132 Leucosolenia eleanor, 9; L. nautilia, 9; Magelona sp., 70 Molgula citrina, 299; M. cooperi, 300; Leucosolenia spp., 9; L. variabilis, 8 Magelonidae Family, 45,70 M. manhattensis, 300; M. oregonia, Leucosoleniida Order, 9 Majidae Family, 185,194,198,199, 300; M. pgetiensis, 300; 200,242-44 Index -

M. occidentalis, 301; M. pacifica, Natica, 89 Notophyllum imbricatum, 60; 300 Naticidae, 89,113 N. tectum, 60 Molgulidae Family, 300,301 Nauplius, 157,159,160: key, 162-63; Notoplana atomata, 27; N. celeris, 27; Molpadia intermedia, 274 key stages, 161-62; larva, 186; N. inquieta, 27; N. inquilina, 27; Molpadiida Order, 274 stages, 161 N. longastyletta, 27; N. natans, 27; Monobrachium parasiticum, 17 Neanthes, 58 N. rupicola, 27; N. rupicola Monogtenea Class, 27 Nellobia eusoma, 86 rupicola, 27; N. sanjuania, 27 Montaculidae, 132 Nematostella uectensis, 19 Notoproctus pacificus, 50 Mooreonuphis stigmatis, 52 Nemertea, 28-38: development, 28- Notopygos labiatus,48 Mopalia ciliata, 153; M. cirrata, 153; 30; identification, 29; Notostomus japonicus, 183 M. cithara, 153; M. egretta, 153; reproduction, 28-29 , 89 M. hindsii, 153; M. imporcata, 153; Nemertopsis gracilis, 30 Nucellidae, 89 M. lamior, 153; M. lignosa, 152, Nemocardium centrifilosum, 133 Nucula delphinodonta, 139; 153; M. muscosa, 153; M. Neoamphitrite robusta, 76 N. proxima, 139; N. tenuis, 132 phorminx, 153; M. porifera, 153; Neocrangon abyssorum, 182; Nuculana cellutita, 132; N. hamata, M. sinuata, 153; M. spectabilis, 153; N. communis, 182; N. resima, 182 132; N. minuta, 132 M. swanii, 153 Neoesperiopsis digita, 11; Nuculanidae, 132 Mopaliidae, 153 N. infunibula, 11; N. rigida, 11; Nuculidae, 132 Mucronella uentricosa, 263 N. uancouuernensis,I1 Nuculoida, 132,136 atlantica, 17 , 89 Nudibranchia: Aeolidacea, 114, Miiller's larva, 26,27 Neoleanira areolata, 65 121; Arminacea, 121; Munida quadrispina, 184 Neoleprea spiralis, 76 Dendronotacea, 96,120; Munidion pawum, 178 Neoloricata, 153 Doridacea, 120 Munidopsis quadrats, 184 Neopygospio laminifera,71 Nuttallina californica, 153 Muricidae, 89,112 Neotrypaea californiensis, 184,215- Nynantheae Suborder, 19 Mursia gaudichaudi, 185 16; N. gigas, 184 Musculista senhousia, 132 Neoturris spp., 17 Obelia bidentata, 17; 0.dichotoma, Musculus discors, 132; M. niger, 132; Nephtheidae Family, 19 17; 0.geniculata, 17 M. taylori, 132 Nephtyidae Family, 45,58 Ocenebra, 89 Mussel: Blue, 146; Northern Horse, Nephtys assignis, 58; N. caeca, 58; Ococorallia, 19 145 N. caecoides, 58; N. californiensis, Octopoda, 154-56 Mya arenaria, 134,140,142,145,146; 58; N. cornuta cornuta, 58; Octopodidae, 154 M. truncata, 134 N. cornuta franciscana, 58; Octopus dofleini, 154,155,156; Mycale, 8,9: M. adhaerens, 11; N. discors, 58; N. ferruginea, 58; 0.leioderma, 154,155; M. bamfieldense, 11; N. longosetosa, 58; N. paradoxa, 58; 0. rubescens, 154,155,156 M. bellabellensis, 11; M. hispida, 11; N. punctata, 58; N. rickettsi, 58; Odontogena borealis, 133 M. macilenta, 8; M.?toporoki, 11; N. schmitti, 58 Odontosyllis pawa, 66; 0.phosphorea, M. macginitiei, 11; M. richardsoni, 8 Neptunea, 89 66; 0.phosphorea uar. Mycalecarmia lobata, 11 Neptunidae, 89 nanaimoensis,66 Mycalidae Family, 11 Nereidae Family, 46,58,59 Odostomia, 89 Myidae, 134 Nereis brandti, 59; N. callaona, 59; Oedignathus inermis, 184 Myoida, 134 N. diuersicolor, 59; N. eakini, 59; Oenopota,89: 0.leuidensis, 112 Myoisophagos, 32: M. sanguineus, 30, N. grubei, 59; N. japonica, 59; Oerstedia dorsalis, 30,31 32 N. lighti, 59; N. limnicola,59,60; sp., 298 Myriochele oculata, 55; M. heeri, 55 N. mediator, 59; N. natans, 59; Oligobrachia dogieli, 86; 0. webbi, 86 Myriozoidae Family, 263 N. neoneanthes, 59; N. pelagica, 59, Olindiasidae Family, 17 Myriozoum coarctatum, 263; 60; N. procera, 59; N. uexillosa, 59; Oliuella, 89 M. subgracile, 263; M. tenue, 263 N. uirens, 59, 60; N. zonata, 59 Olivellidae, 112 Mysella tumida, 133 Nerine, 71 Olividae, 89 Mysotella, 90 Netastoma rostrata, 135 Onchidella,90 Mytilidae, 132 Neverita, 89 Onchidiidae, 90 Mytilimeria nuttalli, 135 Nicomache lurnbricalis, 50; Onchidorididae, 90 Mytiloida, 132 N. personata, 50 Onchidoris, 90: 0.bilamellata, 120; Mytilus californianus, 132,146; Nico~~moniloceras, 59 0.muricata, 120 M. trossulus (edulis),132,140,142, Ninoe gemmea, 52 Oncoscolex, 53 146 Nitidiscala, 89; N. tincta, 110 Oncousoecia ouoidea, 261 Myxicola aesthetica, 67; Nolella stipata, 262 Oncousoeciidae Family, 261 M. infundibulum, 67 North Atlantic Lepton, 145 Onoba, 89 Myxilla behringensis, 11; M. lacunosa, Notaspidea, 119 Onuphidae Family, 46,52 11 Notaspidean heterobranchs, 104 Onuphis, 52: 0.longibranchiata, 52 Myxillidae Family, I1 Notaspidean opisthobranchs, 96,98 Opalia, 89 Nothria, 52: N. abyssalis, 52; Ophelia borealis, 53; 0.limacina, 53 Naineris berkltyorum, 54; N. cara, N. geophiliformis, 52; N. iridescens, Ophelida Order, 53 17; N. dendritica, 54; N. laeuigata, 52; N. occidentalis, 52 Ophelidae Family, 46,54 54; N. uncinata, 54 Notocirrus californiensis,51 Ophelina acuminata, 54 Nassariidae, 89,111,112 Notodorididae, 90 Ophiodermella, 89 Nassarius, 89 Notomastus balanoglossi, 50; Ophiodmmus pugettensis, 57 Natantia, 181-83 N. giganteus, 50; N. lineatus, 50; Ophiopholis aculeata, 274,289 N. magnus, 50; N. tenuis, 50 310 lderitification Guide to Larval Marine In\fertebrates of the Pacific Northwest -

Ophiopluteus, 288,289: larvae 288, P. ochotensis, 185,204; P. quaylei, Pectinidae, 132 289 185; P. samuelis, 185; P. setosus, Pedivelige, 137,138 Ophiopteris papillosa, 274 185; Pagurus sp. C,224,227,231, Pelagobia longicirrata, 58 Ophiura leptoctenia, 274; 0.lutkeni, 232; Pagurus sp. I, 224,227,231; Pelagodiscus atlanticus, 271 274; 0.sarsi, 274 Pagurus sp. J, 229,232; l? tanneri, Pelagosphera: larvae, 80-81; stage, Ophiurida Order, 274 185; P. turgidus, 184,202,218,219; 80-81 Ophiuroidea Class, 274,287-89 P. ulreyi, 184 Pelecypods, 131-51 Ophiuroids, 274,287-89 Palaeonemertea Order, 28-31 Pelonia corrugata, 297 Ophlitaspongia, 8,9: 0.pennata, 11; Paleanotus bellis, 55, 56; Peltogaster, 175: l? boschmae, 158, 0.seriata, 8 P. chysolepis, 55; P. occidentale, 55 175; P. gracilis, 158, 175; P. paguri, , 89: Anaspidea, Palio zosterae, 120 158,175 90; Cephalaspidea, 89; Pandalidae Family, 183,197,205 Peltogastridae, 175 Gymnosomata, 90; Notaspidea, Pandalopsis ampala, 183; P. dispar, Penaeidae Family, 182,196 90; Nudibranchia, Aeolidacea, 90; 183,205,206 Penares cortius, 11 Nudibranchia, Arminacea, 90; Pandalus borealis, 183,207; P. danae, Penetrantia sp., 262 Nudibranchia, Dendronotacea, 183,208; P. eous (borealis), 207; Penetrantiidae Family, 262 90; Nudibranchia, Doridacea, 90; P. gurneyi, 183; P. jordani, 183,209, Penitella conradi, 135; P. gabbii, 135; Sacoglossa, 90; Thecosomata, 210; P. platyceros, 183,211,212; P. penita, 135; P. turnerae, 135 Euthecosomata, 90; Thecosomata, P. stenolepis, 183, 214,215; Pennatula phosphorea, 19 Pseudothecosomata, 90 P. tridens, 183; Pennalulacea Order, 15,19 Opisthobranchs comparative data, Pandeidae Family, 17 Pematulidae Family, 19 11a22 Pandora bilirata, 135; J? filosa, 135; Pentamera lissoplaca, 274; Oplophoridae Family, 183 P. glacialis, 135; P. punctata, 135; P. populifera, 274; Orbinia, 53 P. wardiana, 135 P. pseudocalciegera, 274; Orbiniida Order, 53-54 Pandoridae, 135 P. trachyplaca, 274 Orbiniidae Family, 46,53 Panomya chrysis, 135 Pereonites, 179 Oregonia bifurca, 185; 0.gracilis, Panope abrupta, 135 Periclymma larva, 137,139 186,198,243-244 Paracaudina chilensis, 274,286 Perigonimus spp., 17 Orina sp., 11 Paracornulum, 9 Perinereis monterea, 58 Oriopsis gracilis, 67 Paracrangon echinata, 182 Periwinkles, 89 Orthasterias koehleri, 273 Paractinostola faeculenta, 18,19 Perophora annectens, 300; P. listeri, Orthopagurus minimus, 184; Paracyathus stearnsi, 19 299 0.schmitti, 203 Paradexiospira violacea, 68; P. vitrea, Perophoridae Family, 300 Orthopyxis spp., 17 68 Petalidium subspinosum, 182 Oscarella, 8 Paragorgia pacifica, 19 Petricola carditoides, 134; P. Osteoida Order, 132 Paragrogiidae Family, 19 pholadifomis, 134,140,147 Ostracods, 159 Paralomis multispina, 184; P. verrilli, Petricolidae, 135 Ostrea conchaphilia, 133; 0. lurida, 184 Petrolisthes, 201: l? cinctipes, 185, 133,140,143,147 Paranaitis, 61 202,234; l? eriomerus, 185,201, Ostreidae, 133 Paranemertes peregrina, 30 235 Ostreoida, 132 Paraonidae Family, 54 Petrosiida Order, 11 Ovatella, 90 Paraonis, 54; P. ivanovi 54 Petrosiidae Family, 11 Oweniafusiformis, 55 Parapaguridae Family, 185,195, Phakettia ?beringensis, 11 Oweniida Order, 54 201 Phascolion cryptus, 81; P. strombi, 81 Oweniidae Family, 46,54 Parapagurus pilosimanus, 185 Phascolopsis gouldi, 81 Oysters, 135: Eastern, 144; Giant Parapasiphae sulcatifrons, 183 Phascolosoma agassizii, 80,81, 82; Pacific, 144; Native Pacific, 147 ~araprionospiopinnata, 70,72 P. antillarum, 81; P. perlucens, 81; Parasabella, 67; P. maculata, 67 P. varians, 81 Pachastrellidae Family, 11 Parasitic barnacles, 158, 174-76 Phascolosomatidae Family, 80 Pachycerianthusfimbriatus, 15,19,20 Parasmittina collifera, 263 Pherusa inpata, 53; P. neopapillata, Pachychalina spp., 11 Paraspidosiphon fischeri, 81 53; P. papillata, 53; P. plumosa, 53 Pachycheles, 201: P. pubescens, 185, Parastennella sp., 19 Phidolopora labiata, 263 202,234; P. rudis, 185,202,235 Parastichopus californicus, 273,285; Philine, 89,104: P. auriformis, 119 Pachygrapsus crassipes, 185,194,201, P. leukothele, 273; P. paruimensis, Philinidae, 89 241-42 273; Parastichopus sp., 285,286 Philobya setosa, 132 Paguridae Family, 184,195,201, Parenchymella larvae, 6,7 Philobryidae, 132 202,203,223-32: key megalopae, Paresperella psila, 11 Phlebobranchia Suborder, 300 231-32; key zwae I, 223-24; key Pantamussium alaskensis, 132 Pholadidae, 134 zoeae II, 225; key zoeae 111,225, Pasiphaea pacifica, 183; P. tarda, 183 Pholadomyoida, 135 227; key zoeae IV, 226-231; key Pasiphaeidae Family, 183 Pholoe caeca, 65,66; l? minuta, 65; zoeal stages, 223 Patellogastropoda Order, 89,96,97, P. tuberculata, 65 Pagurus aleuticus, 184; P. amatus, 114 Pholoides aspera, 60 184; P. beringanus, 185,203; Patinopecten caurinus, 132 Pholoididae Family, 60 P. capillatus, 185; P. caurinus, 185; Peachia quinquecapitata, 18,19 Phorbas, 9,10 P. confmgosus, 185; P. cornutus, Peanut worms, 80-84 Phoronida, 253-59: early pelagic 185; P. dalli, 185; P. granosimanus, Pectinaria, 75: P. belgica, 75; stages, 258; identification, 253; 185,202; l? hemphilli, 185; P. californiensis, 75 local taxa, 257; reproduction and P. hirsutiusculus, 185,203; Pectinaridae Family, 44,75 development, 253 Phoronis architects, 254,255,256; Plocamia kaykina, 11 Primnoidae Family, 19 P. ijimai, 254; P. muelleri, 256; Plocamiidae Family, 11 Prionospio, 70: P. lighti, 71; P. pallida, 254,255; P. Plocamilla illgi, 11; P. lambei, 11 P. malmgreni, 71; P. ornata, 70; vancouverensis, 254 Plotohelmis. 55 l? steenstrupi, 71,72 Phoronopsis harmeri, 256; P. viridis, Plumularia spp., 17 Proboscidactyla flavicirrata, 17 254,256,257 Family, 17 Proboscidactylidae Family, 17 Phylactellidae Family, 263 Pluteus larvae, 275 Proboscina incrassata, 261 Phyllaplysia, 90: P. taylori, 119 Pneumoderma, 90 Proboscis, 31,32 Phyllochaetopterus prolifica, 69 , 90 Procephalothrix~iformis,31; Phyllodoce, 60: P. castanea, 61; Pneumodermopsis, 90 P. simulus, 31; P. spiralis, 30 l? polynoides, 61 Podarke, 57 Propagules, 17 Phyllodocella, 59 Podarkeopsis brevipalpa, 57 Prophyxus alascensis, 178 Phyllodocidae Family, 48,60-62 Pododesmus cepio, 133 Prosobranchia Subclass, 89 Phyllodocidae Order, 55-66 Podotuberculum hoffmanni, 11 Prosuberites sp., 11 Phyllodurus abdominalis, 178 Poecillastra rickettsi, 11 Protocapitella, 49 Phyllolithodes papillosus, 184 Poecilosclerid larvae, 11 Protodorvillea gracilis, 51; Phylloplana viridis, 27 Poecilosclerida Order, 9,10,11 P. kefersteini, 51; P. recuperata, 51 Phyla felix, 54 Pogonophora Phylum, 86-87 Protoglossidae Family, 293 Physonectae Suborder, 17 Polinices, 89: P. lewisii, 113 Protohydra leuckarti, 17 Physophora hydrostatica, 17 polymerus, 158,162,162, Protohydridae Family, 17 Physophoridae Family, 17 174 Protolaeospira eximia, 68 Pilargiidae Family, 44,62 Polybrachia canadensis, 87 Protoptilidae Family, 19 Pilargus berkeleyi, 63 Polybrachiidae Family, 87 Protothaca staminea, 134; P. tenerrina, Pileolaria langerhansi, 68; Polycera, 90: l? atra, 120 134 P. quadrangularis, 68; P. potswaldi, Polyceratidae, 90 Psammobiidae, 134 68,69 Polychaeta, 41-79: development, Psammopemma sp., 12 Pilidium larvae, 32-36: history of 41-42; morphology, 41-44; Psephidia brdi, 134; P. ovalis, 134 classification, 34-35; new reproduction, 41-42 Pseudaxinella Irosacea, 11 observations, 35-36 Polycirrus caliendrum, 76; Pseudione galacanthue, 178; P. giardi, Pinnixa eburna, 186; P. faba, 186; P. californicus, 76 178 P. littoralis, 186; P. occidentalis, 186; Polyclades, 26 Pseudoceros canadensis, 27 P. schmitti, 186; Pinnixa spp., 186, Polycladida Order, 26 Pseudocerotidae Family, 27 199; P. tubicola, 186 Polyclinidae Family, 302 Pseudochama exogyra, 133 Pinnotheres pugettensis, 186; Polydora, 71: P. alloporis, 71; Pseudochitinopoma occidentalis, 68 P. taylori, 186,246 l? armata, 71; P. brachycpphala, 71; Pseudomelatoma, 89 Family, 186,193,194, P. caeca var. mangna, 71; P. cardalia, Pseudopolydora kempi, 71,72 197-199,244-246 71; P. ciliata war. spongicola, 71; Pseudopotamilla, 67: P. reniformis, 67 Pionosyllis gigantea, 66 P. commensalis, 71, 72; P. giardi, 71; Pseudopythina compressa, 133; Pisaster brevisainus,... 273; P. P. kempi japonica, 71; P. lighti, 71, P. rugifera, 133 giganteus, 273; P. ochcraceus, 273, 72; P. ligni, 71,72; P. plena, 71; Pseudosabellides, 74 282 P. pygidialis, 71; P. socialis, 71, 72; Pseudostylochus burchami, 27; Ptsta brevibranchiata, 76; P. cristata, P. spongicola, 71; P. websteri, 71,72 P. ostreophagus, 27 76; P. elongata, 76; P. fasctata, 76; Polymastia, 8: P. pacificn, 11; Pseudosuberites spp., 11 P. fimbriata, 76; P. moorei, 76; P. pachymastia, 11 Pseudothecosome pteropod, 107 P. pacifica, 76 Polymastiidae Family, 11 Psolidium bulatum, 273 Placida, 90: P. dendritica, 119 Polynoe canadensis, 63; P. gracilis, 63 Psolus chitonoides, 273,286; Placiphorella rufa, 153; P. verlata, 153 Polynoidae Family, 48,63-65 P. squamatus, 273 Plagioecia patina, 261 Polyplacophora, 152-54 tesselatus, 273,283 Plakina, 8: P. ?brachylopha, 11; Polytrochous larvae, 99 , 89; P. coronata, 105 Plakina sp., 11; P.?trilopha, 11 Porcellanidae: Family, 185,194,201, Pterotracheidae, 89; pterotracheid Plakinidae Family, 11 232-34; key to zoeae, 232-233 heteropod, 105 Planes cyaneus, 185; P. marinus, 185 Porella columbiana, 263; P. concinna, Ptilosarcus gurney;, 18,19 Planula, 14, 16,21 263; P. porifera, 263 Ptychoderidae Family, 293,295 Platyasterida Order, 273 Porifera: larvae, 6; reproduction, 5 Ptychogena spp., 17 Platyhelminthes Phylum, 26 Portunidae Family, 186,194,200, Puellina setosa, 262 Platynereis, 59 246-48 Pugettia gracilis, 186, 200; Platyodon cancellatus, 134 Portunion conformis, 178 P. producta, 186,201; P. richii, 186; Playtnereis bicanaliculata, 59,60; Postlarva, 187 Pugettia sp., 198 P. dumerili var. agassizi, 59 Potamididae, 89 Pulmonata, 89,90 Plectodon scaber, 135 Potamilla californica, 67; P. Pulsellidae, 154 Pleocyemata, 184 intermedia, 67; P. neglecta, 67; Pulsellum salishorum, 154 Pleraplysilla sp., 12 P. occelata, 67 Puncturella, 89 Pleurobranchaea californica, 96,119 Praxillella affinis war. pacifica, 50; Pycnoclavella stanleyi, 301,302 Pleurobranchia, 90 P. gracilis, 50 Pycnopodia helianthoides, 273 Pleurobranchidae, 90 Praya dubia, 17; P. reticulata, 17 Pygospio elegans, 71,72 Pleurogona Order, 300 Prayidae Family, 17 Pyramidellacea, 89 Plexauridae Family, 19 Prianos problematicus, 11 Pyramidellid: heterobranchs, 103, Pliclfusus, 89 Primnoa willeyi, 19 104; snails, 89 312 -ldenititication Guide to Larval Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest

Pyramidellidacea Superorder, 89 Scaphopoda, 154 Siliqua lucida, 134; S. patula, 134; Pyramidellidae, 89 Schistocomus hiltoni, 75 S. sloati, 134 Pyura haustor, 300; P. microcosmus, Schistorneringos longicornis, 51 Sinistrella media, 68 299; P. mirabilis, 300 Schizobranchia insignis, 67 Siphonaria, 90 Pyuridae Family, 300 Schizomauella auriculata, 263 Siphonariidae, 90 Schizoplax brandtii, 153 Siphonophora Class, 13 Radiceps sp., 19 Schizoporella cornuta, 263; S. linearis, Siphonosoma cumanense, 81; Raspailiidae Family, 11 263; S. unicornis, 263 Siphonosoma sp,, 81 Rathkea octopunctata, 17 Schizoporellidae, 263 Sipuncula, 80-84:development, 80- Rathkeidae Family, 17 Scintillona bellerophon, 133 81; identification, 81-82; Reginella furcata, 262; R. nitida, 262 Scionella japonica, 76 reproduction, 80-81 Reniera, 9; R. mollis, 11 Scissurellidae, 89 Sipunculus nudus, 81; S. polymyotus, Renilla sp., 15 Scleractinia Order, 15,19,20 81; Sipunculus sp., 81 Reptantia, 181,184-86 Scleraxonia Suborder, 19 Slipper shells, 105,108 Reteporidae Family, 263 Scleroplaxgranulata, 186 Smittina cordata, 263; S. landsboroui, Retusidae, 89,104 Scleroptilidae Family, 19 263 Rhamphidonta retifera, 133 Scleroptilum sp., 19 Smittinidae Family, 263 Rhamphostomella cellata, 263; Scolelepis acuta, 71; S. foliosa, 71; Snails: Bubble, 89; Lunged, 89; R. costata, 263; R. cuwirostrata, 263 S. squamata, 71 Moon, 113; Pyramidellid, 89; Rhinolithodes wossnessenskii, 184, Scoloplos, 53, 54: S. acmeceps, 54; Turban, 89; Tusk, 154; Vermetid, 222 S. armiger, 54 88 Rhizocaulus uerticillatus, 17 Scrobiculariidae, 134 Solariella, 89 Rhizocephala, 158,174-76 Scruparia sp., 265,267 , 273; S. stimpsoni, Rhizogeton sp., 17 Scrupocellaria californica, 262; 273 Rhodine bitorquata, 50 S. reptans, 265; S. uarians, 262 Solecurtidae, 134 Rhynchozoon tumulosum, 263 Scmpocellariidae Family, 262 Solemya reidi, 132, 136,139; Rhynocragon alata, 182 Scypha compacta, 9; S. mundula, 9; S. velum, 139 Rhysia sp., 17 S. protecta, 9; Scypha spp. 9 Solemyidae, 132 Rhysiddae Family, 17 Scyphozoa Class, 13 Solemyoida, 132,136 Rictaxis, 89; R. punctocaelatus, 119 Scyra acutifrons, 186 Solen sicarius, I34 Rissoidae, 89,111 Sea anemones, 13 Solenidae, 134 Rithropanopeus harrisii, 186,201,249 Sea cucumbers, 285-87 Solenosmilia uariabilis, 19 Ritterella aequalisiphonis,302; Sea pens, 14 Solidobalanus engbergi, 158; R. pulchra, 302; R. mbra, 301,302 Sea stars, 281-84 S. hesperius, 158,162,171 Romanchella, 68 Sea urchins, 278-81 Spat, 136 Rostanga, 90; R. pulchra, 107,120 Searlesia, 89 Spatangoida Order, 273 Rostangidae, 90 Semele rubropicta, 134 Spengelidae Family, 293 Rostaria larva, 48 Semibalanus balanoides, 158,162, Sphaerodoridae Family, 45,65 Runcina, 89; R. macfarlandi, 119 163,170,171; S. cariosus, 158, 162, Sphaerodoridium,65 Runcinidae, 89 163,167,169,179 Sphaerodoropsis biserialis, 65; Sepioidea, I55 S. minuta, 65; S. sphaerulifer, 65 Sabella, 67: S. aulaconota, 67; Septibranchida, 135 Sphaerodorum, 65: S. papillifer, 65 S. crassicornis,67 Sergestidae Family, 182, 196 Sphaeronectes gracilis, 17 Sabellaria alueola, 75, 76; Sergia tenuiremis, 182 Sphaeronectidae Family, 17 S. cementarium, 75; S. gracilis, 75 Serpula columbiana, 68; Sphaerosyllis californiensis, 66; Sabellariidae Family, 45,46,75 S. uermicularis, 68 S. hystrix, 66; S. pirifera, 66 Sabellida Order, 67-68 Serpulidae Family, 47,67-68 Sphenia ouoidea, 134 Sabellidae Family, 47,67-68 Serripes groenlandicus, 133 Spicules, 6 Saccoglossus bromophenolosus, 293; Sertularella spp., 17 Spinulosida Order, 273,283 S. horsti, 294; Saccoglossus spp., Sertularia spp., 17 Spiny Lebbeid, 204 293 Sertulariidae Family, 17 Spiofilicornis, 71,72 Sacculina carcini, 175 SessilifloraeSuborder, 19 Spiochaetopterus costarum, 69 Sacculinidae, 175 Shell coiling, 101 Spionida Order, 68-73 Sacoglossa, 119: Sacoglossan Shipworm: Common, 147; Spionidae Family, 46,70-73 opisthobranchs, 106 Feathery, 139 Spiophanes berkeleyorum, 71; Sagitella kowaleuskii, 66 Shortscale Eualid, 204 S. bombyx, 71,72; S. cirrata, 71; Salmacina dysteri uar. tribranchiata, : Bay Ghost, 215,216; Blue S. foliosa, 71, 72; S. squamata, 71, 68; S. tribranchiata, 68 Mud, 216,217; Dock, 208; Pacific 72 Sand dollars, 278-81 , 209-10; Rough Patch, 212- Spirontocaris arcuata, 183; S. holmesi, Sarcodictyon sp., 19 13; Sidestriped, 205,206; Spot, 183; S. lamellicornis, 183; Sarsia japonica, 17; Sarsia spp., 17 211-12 S. prionota, 183; S. sica, 183; Sarsonuphis elegans, 52; S. lepta, 52 Siboglinidae Family, 87 S. spina, 183; S. synderi, 183; Saxicaue, 145 Siboglinum fedotoui, 87; S. fiordicum, S. truncafa, 183 Saxidomus giganteus, 134,140,143, 86; S. pusillum, 87 Spirophorida Order, 11

147 Siderastraea SD..' , 15 Spirorbidae Family, 47,68 Scalibregma inflaturn, 53 Sigalionidae Family, 48,65 Spirorbis, 68: S. ambilateralis, 68; Scalibregmidae Family, 53 Sixambra tentaculata, 63 S. bifurcatus, 68; S. moerchi, 68; Scalpellum columbianum, 158 d do cia, 9: S. edaphus, 11; S. racemosus, 68; S. rugatus, 68; Sigmadocia spp., 11 S. semidentatus, 68; S. uariabilis, 68 Index -

Spirularina Suborder, 19 Sycettida Order, 9 Thelepus cincinnatus, 76; T. crispus, Spisula falcata, 133 Sycettidae Family, 9 76; T. hamatus, 76; T. setosus, 76 Spongia, 10 Syhmelmis aff. klatti, 63 Themiste alutacea, 81; T. dyscrita, 80; Spongionella sp., 11 Syllidae Family, 47, 66 T. lagenifomis, 81; T. pyroides, 80, Stauronereis, 51: S. articulata, 51 Syllis, 66: S. adamantea, 66; 81 Staurophora spp., 17 S. alternata, 66; S. armillaris, 66; Thompsonia sp., 175,176 Stegopoma spp., 17 S. elongata, 66; S. heterochaeta, 66; Thoracica, 165-74 Stelletta clarella, 11 S. hyalina, 66; S. oerstedi, 66; Thoracophelia, 53 Stellettidae Family, 11 S. pulchra, 66; S. spenceri, 66; Thracia beringi, 134; T. challisiana, Stelodoyx alaskensis, 11 S. uariegata, 66 134; T. curta, 134; T. trapezoides, Stelotrochota hartmani, 11 Sylon hippolytes, 158,175 134 Stenolaemates,261 Sylonidae, 175 Thraciidae, 134 Stenoplax fallaz, 153; S. heathiana, Symplectoscyphus spp., 17 Thuiaria spp., 17 153 Synnotum aegyptiacum, 262 Thyasira barbarensis, 133; T. cygnus, Stephanauge annularis, 19 Synoicum georgianum, 301; 133; T. gouldii, 133 Stephanosella uitrea, 263 S. parfustis, 302; Synoicum sp., 302 Thyasiridae, 133 Stereogastrula larvae, 6 Syringella amphispicula, 11 Thyonicola, 89 Sternaspida Order, 74 Systellaspis braueri, 183; S. cristata, Thysanocardia nigra, 80 Sternaspidae Family, 74 183 Tiarannidae Family, 17 Sternaspis afinis, 74; S. fossor, 74; Tiaropsidium spp., 17 S. scutata, 74 Tachyynchus, 89 Tiaropsis spp., 17 Sthenelais berkeleyi, 65; S. fusca, 65; Tadpole larvae, 298-303 Tochuina, 90 S. uerruculosa, 65 Tagelus californianus, 134 Tomopteridae Family, 45,66 Stiliger, 90: S.fuscouittatus, 119 Tapes philippinarum, 134 Tomopteris caualli, 66; T. elegans, 66; Stiligeridae, 90 Taranis, 89 T. pacifica, 66; T. renata, 66; Stolidobranchia Suborder, 300,302 Tauberia gracilis, 54 T. septentrionalis, 66 Stolonifera Suborder, 19 Tealiafilina. See Urticina Topsentia disparilis, 11; T. insignis, Stomachetosella cruenta, 263; Tedania, 9: T. fragilis, 11; 153; T. lineata, 153 S. limbata, 263; S. sinuosa, 263 T. gurjanouae, 11 Tornaria larva, 294,295 Stomachetosellidae Family, 263 Tedaniidae Family, 11 Toxidocia spp., 11 Stornatopora granulata, 261 Tedanione obscurata, 11 Transenella confusa, 134; T. tantilla, Stomphia coccinea, 19; S. didemon, 19; Tegella aquilirostris, 262; T. armifera, 134 Stomphia sp., 19 262; T. robertsonae, 262 Trauisia brevis, 53; T. carnea, 53; Stone coral, 15 Tegula, 89 T. pupa, 53 Straight-hinge stage, 138 Telepsauus,69 Trauisiopsis lobifera, 66 Streblospio benedicti, 71 Tellina bodegensis, 134; T. carpenteri, Trematoda Class, 26 Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, 134; T. modesta, 134; T. nuculeoides, Tresus capax, 134, 140,148; 273; S. franciscanus, 273,278,279; 134 T. nuttalli, 134 S. purpuratus, 51,273,278,279; Tellinidae, 134 Tricellaria gracilis, 262; Strongylocentrotus sp., 278 Telmessus cheiragonus, 185 T. occidentalis,262, 266; Styela (barnhart;) claua, 300; Tenellia, 90: T. adspersa, 114, 121 T. praescuta, 262; T. ternata, 262 S. clauata, 300; S. coriacea, 300; Tenthrenodes sp., 9 Trichobranchidae Family, 76 S. gibbsii, 300; S. montereyensis, Terebellidae Family, 75-76 Trichobranchus glacialis, 76 300; S. partita, 299; Styela sp., 299; Terebellidae Order, 74-76 Trichotropididae, 89 S. truncata, 300 Terebellides stroemi, 76 Trichotropis, 89 Styelidae Family, 300,302 Terebratalia transersa, 269 Trichydra pudica, 17 Stylasterias forreri, 273 Terebratalina, 270 Trichydridae Family, 17 Stylasteridae Family, 17 Teredinidae, 135 Tricolia, 89 Stylasterina Order, 13,17 Teredo naualis, 135,140,147 Trididemnum opacum, 302; Stylatula elongata, 19 Tergipedidae, 90,114 T. strangulatum, 302 Styleroides, 53 Terrebratulina unguicula, 269 Tridonta alaskensis, 133 Stylinos sp., 11 Tethidae Family, 11 Trimusculidae, 90 Styliola, 90: S. subula, 117 Tethya, 8: T. californiana, 11 Trimusculus, 90 Stylissa stipitata, 11 Tethyidae, 90 Triopha, 90: T. catalinae, 120; Stylochidae Family, 27 TetiUidae Family, 11 T. maculata, 120 Stylochoplana chloranota, 27 Tetrastemma candidum, 30; Triticella pedicellata, 262 Stylochus, 26: S. atentaculatus, 27; T. nigrifrons, 30; T. phyllospadicola, Triticellidae Family, 262 S. tripartitus, 27 30 Tritonia, 90: T. diomedea, 120; Stylopus arndti, 11 Teuthoidea, 155 T. festiua, 120 Stylostomum album, 27; S. sanjuania, Thalassinidae, 184,197 Tritoniidae, 90 27 Thalysias lmigata, 11 Trochidae, 89 Suberites montiniger, 11; S. ?suberea, Tharyx, 60: T. multifilis, 70; Trochochaeta franciscanum, 74; 11; S. simplex, 11; Suberites sp., 11 T. multifilis uar. pantus, 70; T. multisetosa, 74 Suberitidae Family, 11 T. pamus, 70 Trochochatidae Family, 74 SubsellifloraeSuborder, 19 Thecanephria Order, 87 Trochophore larvae, 93,94 Swiftia kofoidi, 19; S. simplex, 19; Thecata Suborder, 17 Trophonia, 52 S. spauldingi, 19; S. torreyi, 19 Thecocarpus spp., 17 Trophonopsis, 89 Sycandra ?utriculus, 9 Thecosomata, 120 Trypanosyllis gemmipara, 66; T. ingens, 66 314 Identification Guide to Larval Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest

Trypetesa sp., 158 Waltonia, 270 Trypostega clauiculata, 263 Watersipora arcuata, 265 Tubilipora pulchra, 261 Weberella ?uerrucosa,11 Tubulanus capistratus, 30; Whelks, 89 T. polymorphus, 30; T. sexlineatus, Williamia, 90 30; Tubulanus sp., 31 Worms: Acorn, 293-95; Coelomate, Tubularia, 16: T. crocea, 17; 85-87; Common Ship-, 147; T. harrimani, 17; T. indiuisa, 17; Feathery Ship-, 139; Flat-, 26; T. marina, 17 Peanut, 80-84; Ribbon, 30 Tubulariidae Family, 17 Tubulipora flabellaris, 261; T. pacifica, Xanthidae Family, 186,193,199, 261; T. phalangea, 261; T. tuba; 261 201,248-49: key to zoeae, 248 Tubuliporidae Family, 261 Xenopneusta Order, 86 , 298-303 Xestospongia trindanea, 11; X. vanilla, Turbellaria Class, 26 11; X. washingtonu, 135 Turbinidae, 89 Xylophagaidae, 135 Turbonilla, 89 Turrid prosobranchs, 102 Yellow Leg Pandalid, 214-15 Turridae, 89,112 Yoldia amygdalea, 132; Y. limatula, Tumtellidae, 89,109 132, 139; Y. myalis, 132; Turritellopsis,89 Y. scissurata, 132; Y. thraciaeformis, Turtonia minuta, 133 132 Turtoniidae, 133 Yoldiidae, 132 Typhloscolecidae Family, 66 Typosyllis, 66 Zephyrinidae, 90 Zirfaea pilsb yii, 135 Ulosa, 10 Zoantharia Subclass, 19 Umbellula lindahli, 19 Zoanthidea Order, 15 Umbellulidae Family, 19 Zoanthinaria Order, 19,20 Umbo stage, 138 Zoea, 187-88 Umbonula arctica, 263 Zygherpe hyaloderma, 11 Umbonulidae Family, 263 Zygonemertes uirescens, 30 Ungulinidae, 133 Zygophylax spp., 17 , 184,196,216- 17 Upogebiidae Family, 184,196,216 Urechidae Family, 86 , 85,86 Urochordata, 298-303 Urticia crassicornis, 19,22; U. lofotensis, 19; U. pisciuora, 19; Urticia sp., 19 Urticina columbiana, 19; U.coriacea, 19; U.crassicornis, 19; U.filina, 15, 19

Valvatida Order, 273 Veliconcha, 138: Veliconcha stage, 138 Veliger, 137,139: Veliger larvae, 91, 92,93 Velutina, 89: V. plicatilis, 115; V. velutina, 115 Velutinid prosobranchs, 97 Velutinidae, 89 Veneridae, 134 Veneroida, 133 Vermetidae, 89 Vermetus, 89 Verongiida Order, 12 Verongiidae Family, 12 Vesiculariidae Family, 262 , 89,96,108 Virgularia spp., 19 Virgulariidae Family, 19 Volvulella, 89