INDEX of TAXA INDEX of TAXA abjornseni, Fritillaria 226 altarium, Amaroucium 95 abjornseni, Polyandrocarpa 180 altarium, Aplidium 95 abjornseni, Polycarpa 180 Althoffia 232 abradata, Pyura 156, 164 Althoffia tumida 232 abranchiata, Styeloides 193 aluta, Stolonica 182 Abyssascidia vasculosa 127 Amaroucium 95 abyssorum, Megalocercus 232 Amaroucium aequalisiphonalis 116 acanthifera, Microcosmus 159 Amaroucium altarium 95 aciculus, Leptoclinides 50 Amaroucium anomalum 113 aclara, Ascidia 129 Amaroucium argus 101 acroporum, Aplidium 95 Amaroucium crateriferum 97 acuatum, Pseudodistoma 110 Amaroucium distomoides 79 aculeata, Ascidia 131 Amaroucium proliferum 95 aculeata, Cnemidocarpa 185 Amaroucium protectans 92 Adagnesia 124 Amaroucium ritteri 100 Adagnesia charcoti 124 Amaroucium rotundatum 120 Adagnesia opaca 124 amboinensis, Ritteriella 215 Adagnesia venusta 124 amboinensis, Salpa 215 aenigmatica, Ascidia 143 amiculum, Trididemnum 67 aequale, Ecteinascidia 139 amorphatum, Aplidium 96 aequalisiphonalis, Amaroucium 116 Amphicarpa 182 affinis, Ascidia 131 Amphicarpa elongata 183 affinis, Cyclosalpa 211 Amphicarpa meridiana 182 affinis, Salpa 211 Amphicarpa nodula 183 africana, Perophora 141 amphora, Cnemidocarpa 185 africana, Salpa 216 amplexa, Clavelina 24 agglutinans, Microcosmus 162 amplum, Eudistoma 87 aggregata, Cynthia 182 amplus, Polycitor 87 agitata, Metandrocarpa 179 ampulloides, Molgula 151 agnata, Stolonica 182 amygala, Fritillaria 226 Agnesia 124 Anadistoma 110 Agnesia capensis 124 Anadistoma attenuatum 110 Agnesia glaciata 122, 24 anaematum, Eudistoma 87 Agnesia himeboja 124 anceps, Botrylloides 173 Agnesia krausei 124 anceps, Sarcobotrylloides 173 Agnesia sabulosa 124 angolanum, Eudistoma 87 Agnezia 124 angolanum, Polycitor (Eudistoma) Agnezia glaciata 124 paesslerioides 87 AGNEZIIDAE 122 angularis, Fritillaria 225 AGNEZIINAE 124 angustum, Synoicum 104 agriculum, Lissoclinum 55 annulus, Polycitor 90 albamaculatus, Leptoclinides 50 anoi, Didemnum 43 albanyensis, Pyura 165 anomalum, Amaroucium 113 albicans, Appendicularia 233 antarctica, Corella 135 albicans, Botrylloides 173 antipoda, Ctenicella 157 albicans, Oikopleura 233 antipodus, Claudenus 157 albida, Ascidia 131 Anurella 151 albidum grande, Leptoclinum 39 Anurella bleizi 151 albidum, Morchellium 101 aperta, Ascidia 127 albomarginata, Styela 192 Aplidie cerebriforme 81 albopunctatum, Didemnum 36 Aplidie pedunculatum 81, 82 Alcyonium 175 Aplidiopsis 94 Alcyonium borlasii 176 Aplidiopsis confluata 94 Alcyonium schlosseri 175, 176 Aplidiopsis mammillata 95 alingulum, Polysyncraton 61 Aplidiopsis sabulosa 95 allongata, Fritillaria borealis 225 Aplidium 95

271 INDEX of TAXA

Aplidium acroporum 95 Aplidium vitreum 94 Aplidium altarium 95 Appendicularia albicans 233 Aplidium amorphatum 96 Appendicularia longicauda 232, 234 Aplidium arboratum 101 appendiculata, Molgula 151 Aplidium australiense 96 Apsteinia 213 Aplidium australiensis 96 arabica, Phallusia 132 Aplidium bacculum 96 arafurensis, Clavelina 25 Aplidium brevilarvacium 96 arafurensis, Clavelina (Synclavella) 25 Aplidium caelestis 96 arafurensis, Polysyncraton 61 Aplidium clivosum 96 arancium, Didemnum 36 Aplidium congregatum 96 aratore, Didemnum 36 Aplidium coniferum 96 arboratum, Aplidium 101 Aplidium controversum 99 archaia, Ascidia 127 Aplidium crateriferum 97 Archiascidia 113 Aplidium depressum 97 Archiascidia neapolitana 113 Aplidium digitatum 96 Archidistoma richeri 114 Aplidium directum 97 Archidistoma rubripunctum 114 Aplidium distaplium 97 arcticus, Hexacrobylus 147 Aplidium elatum 97 arcuata, Cynthia 198 Aplidium filiforme 97 arenaceum, Macroclinum 104 Aplidium fluorescum 97 arenaceum, Synoicum 104 Aplidium foliorum 99 arenaceus, Polycitor 89 Aplidium gastrolineatum 97 Arenadiplosoma 48 Aplidium gelasinum 97 Arenadiplosoma migrans 48 Aplidium geminatum 98 areniferus, Dumus 116 Aplidium griseum 98 arenosa, Cynthia 164 Aplidium grisiatum 98 arenosa, Molgula 150 Aplidium incubatum 98 arenosa, Oxycorynia 113 Aplidium inflorescens 98 arenosa, Pycnoclavella 113 Aplidium jacksoni 98 arenosa, Pyura 164 Aplidium latusexitus 101 arenosa, Symplegma 183 Aplidium lenticulum 98 areolata, Placentela 108 Aplidium lobatum 95 areolatum, Condominium 108 Aplidium lodix 98 areolatum, Trididemnum 67 Aplidium longithorax 98 argentata, Polycarpa 189 Aplidium lunacratum 98 argentata, Styela 189 Aplidium macrolobatum 99 argus, Amaroucium 101 Aplidium magnilarvum 99 armata, Herdmania 160 Aplidium minisculum 99 artus, Fritillaria 225 Aplidium multilineatum 99 arvum, Polysyncraton 61 Aplidium multiplicatum 99 Asajirus 147 Aplidium opacum 99 Asajirus indicus 147 Aplidium ornatum 99 Ascidea manhattensis 153 Aplidium paralineatum 99 Ascidea sabulosa 154 Aplidium parastigmaticum 99 Ascidia 127 Aplidium parvum 100 Ascidia aclara 129 Aplidium petrosum 100 Ascidia aculeata 131 Aplidium pronum 100 Ascidia aenigmatica 143 Aplidium pseudobesum 96 Ascidia affinis 131 Aplidium ritteri 100 Ascidia albida 131 Aplidium robustum 100 Ascidia aperta 127 Aplidium rosarium 100 Ascidia archaia 127 Aplidium rubricollum 100 Ascidia aspersa 130 Aplidium solidum 100 Ascidia aurata 189 Aplidium tabascum 101 Ascidia aurora 144 Aplidium triggsense 101 Ascidia austera 127 Aplidium triggsensis 101 Ascidia australis 164 Aplidium uteute 101 Ascidia bisulca 130 Aplidium verrucosum 176 Ascidia canaliculata 130

272 INDEX of TAXA

Ascidia canina 21 Ascidia scaevola 129 Ascidia capillata 127 Ascidia solomonensis 129 Ascidia challengeri 127 Ascidia sordida 131 Ascidia charcoti 127 Ascidia spinifera 167 Ascidia corrugata 21 Ascidia succida 144 Ascidia cristata 130 Ascidia sulcatus 161 Ascidia cylindracea 144 Ascidia sydneiensis 129 Ascidia decepta 125, 128 Ascidia tenella 22 Ascidia diaphanaea 21 Ascidia thompsoni 130 Ascidia diplozoon 130 Ascidia tinctor 195 Ascidia dispar 128 Ascidia translucida 129 Ascidia divisa 130 Ascidia trianularis 131 Ascidia donnani 130 Ascidia truncata 131 Ascidia dorsalis 129 Ascidia tumulus 144, 151 Ascidia elliptica 131 Ascidia virens 21 Ascidia empheres 128 Ascidia virescens 21 Ascidia expansa 131 Ascidia viridiscens 21 Ascidia gemmata 128 Ascidia (Pachychlaena) obesa 132 Ascidia glabra 128 Ascidia (Pachychlaena) oblonga 131, 132 Ascidia granosa 143 Ascidie spinosa 168 Ascidia incerta 130 Ascidiella 130 Ascidia intestinalis 21 Ascidiella aspersa 130 Ascidia kreagra 128 ASCIDIIDAE 125 Ascidia lapidosa 143 ascidioides, Styela 193 Ascidia latesiphonica 128 Ascidiopsis 127 Ascidia lepadiformis 24 Ascidiopsis complanata 127 Ascidia liberata 128 Ascopera 151 Ascidia limosa 130 Ascopera gigantea 151 Ascidia lovenii 196 Ascopera nana 153 Ascidia malaca australiensis 128 Askonides 50 Ascidia mammillata 131 Askonides coelenteratus 50, 51 Ascidia membranosa 21 Askonides imperfectus 53 Ascidia mentula 127 aspera, Pyura 167 Ascidia mikrenterica 143 aspersa, Ascidia 130 Ascidia minuta 131 aspersa, Ascidiella 130 Ascidia munda 129 Astellium 47 Ascidia nerea 129 Astellium spongiforme 47 Ascidia normanni 131 asterix, Didemnum 36 Ascidia obliqua 127 Asterocarpa 185 Ascidia occidentalis 129 Asterocarpa humilis 185 Ascidia ocellata 21 Astropera 151 Ascidia opalina 131 Astropera sabulosa 151 Ascidia pandora 133 astrum, Didemnum 36 Ascidia parallelogramma 135 asymmetrica, Ritterella 116 Ascidia parasamea 129 asymmetron, Tethyum (Styela) 185 Ascidia patula 130 Atapozoa 80 Ascidia pedunculata 131 Atapozoa marshi 80 Ascidia pellucida 131 Atapozoa marshii 80 Ascidia phallusioides 132 Atapozoa mirabilis 78 Ascidia plicata 197 atlanticum, Pyrosoma 205, 207 Ascidia polytrema 133 Atopogaster 104 Ascidia prolata 129 Atopogaster aurantiaca 120 Ascidia pulchella 22 Atopogaster gigantea 104 Ascidia pustulosa 131 Atopogaster tropicum 106 Ascidia pyriformis 130 atopogaster, Synoicum 104 Ascidia reticulata 144 Atriolum 34 Ascidia rhabdophora 127 Atriolum bucinum 34 Ascidia rustica 159 Atriolum eversum 34 Ascidia scabra 130 Atriolum glauerti 34

273 INDEX of TAXA

Atriolum lilium 35 BATHOCHORDAEINAE 231 Atriolum marinense 35 Bathochordaeus 231 Atriolum robustum 34, 35 Bathochordaeus charon 231 Atriolum tubiporum 35 Bathyascidia 127 atropunctatum, Diplosoma 48 baudinensis, Clavelina 25 attenuatum, Anadistoma 110 bellissima, Stomozoa 119 attollens, Polycarpa 193 benedeni, Corella 135 aucklandica, Cnemidocarpa 185 benthica, Pyrosoma 207 aucklandicus, Cystodytes 85 bermudiensis, Styela partita 196 aurantia, Pycnoclavella 113 bicolor, Didemnum 36 aurantiaca, Atopogaster 120 biconvolutus, Microcosmus 162 aurata clavata, Polycarpa 190 bicornis, Fritillaria 227 aurata, Ascidia 189 biforis, Polycarpa 190 aurata, Polycarpa 189 biforis, Styela 190 aurea, Sigillinaria 110 biglutinum, Didemnum 36 aureum, Eudistoma 87 Biphora 215 aureum, Lissoclinum 55 Biphora depressa 215 aureum, Pseudodistoma 110 Biphora tricuspidata 215 aurilucens, Pycnoclavella 113 birostrata, Salpa 216 aurita, Polycarpa 190 bisectatum, Didemnum 37 aurita, Styela 190 bistratum, Didemnum 56 aurolineatus, Botryllus 176 bistratum, Lissoclinum 56 aurora, Ascidia 144 bisulca, Ascidia 130 austera, Ascidia 127 bitunicatus, Microcosmus 161 australe, Pseudodistoma 111 bivittatus, Botryllus 176 australiense, Aplidium 96 bleizi, Anurella 151 australiensis, Aplidium 96 boloniense, Botrylloides 174 australiensis, Ascidia malaca 128 Boltenia australiensis 167 australiensis, Boltenia 167 Boltenia tuberculata 168 australiensis, Distaplia 76 boltenina, Perophora 140 australiensis, Polyandrocarpa 180 borealis allongata, Fritillaria 225 australiensis, Protoholozoa 79 borealis crassa, Fritillaria 226 australiensis, Stomozoa 118, 119 borealis intermedia, Fritillaria 225 australis parvispinatus, Pyura 164 borealis mediterranea, Fritillaria 225 australis, Ascidia 164 borealis sargassi, Fritillaria 225 australis, Clavelina 25 borealis, Clavelina 24 australis, Euherdmania 108 borealis, Fritillaria 224 australis, Julinia 76 borlasii, Alcyonium 176 australis, Microcosmus 161 botryllifera, Pandocia (Polycarpa) 190 australis, Microcosmus exasperatus 163 BOTRYLLINAE 173 australis, Monniotus 108 Botryllocarpa 178 australis, Oculinaria 179, 180 Botryllocarpa elongata 178 australis, Pyura 164 Botrylloides 173 australis, Sigillina 79, 80 Botrylloides albicans 173 australis, Stereoclavella 25 Botrylloides anceps 173 australis, Stolonica 182 Botrylloides boloniense 174 Botrylloides clavelina 174 bacculum, Aplidium 96 Botrylloides cyanescens 174 badium, Lissoclinum 56 Botrylloides firmus 173 badius, Botryllus 177 Botrylloides fulgurale 174 bahraini, Symplegma 183 Botrylloides insigne 174 bakeri, Cyclosalpa 211 Botrylloides leachii 173 banneri, Trididemnum 67 Botrylloides leptum 174 barbarica, Phallusia 132 Botrylloides nigrum magnicoecum 173 barbaris, Styela 196 Botrylloides parvulus 174 barbata, Cnemidocarpa 186 Botrylloides perspicuum 175 bassi, Polycarpa 192 Botrylloides perspicuus 175 batemani, Molgula 153 Botrylloides prostratum 174 bathamae, Molgula 153 Botrylloides purpureum 174

274 INDEX of TAXA

Botrylloides pusilla 174 caboti, Salpa 218 Botrylloides radiata 173 caelatum, Trididemnum 67 Botrylloides ramulosa 174 caelestis, Aplidium 96 Botrylloides rotifera 173 caelestis, Leptoclinides 50 Botrylloides rubrum 173 caerulea, Sigillina 80 Botrylloides saccus 175 Caesira 151 Botrylloides sparsa 174 Caesira cooperi 152 Botrylloides translucidum 174 Caesira ficus 152 Botrylloides tyreum 174 Caesira hupferi 159 Botrylloides vinosa 174 Caesira parasitica 154 botryllopsis, Diandrocarpa 183 Caesira pellucida 150 Botryllus 175 caesium, Didemnum 37 Botryllus aurolineatus 176 calamus, Polycitor 91 Botryllus badius 177 calendula, Botryllus 176 calificiforme, Leptoclinum 49 Botryllus bivittatus 176 caliginosum, Lissoclinum 56 Botryllus calendula 176 callensis, Chevreulius 135, 136 Botryllus calyculatus 177 calvata, Molgula 152 Botryllus castaneus 176 calycis, Lissoclinum 56 Botryllus communis 177 calyculatus, Botryllus 177 Botryllus firmus 173 campila, Fritillaria 226 Botryllus gemmeus 176 canaliculata, Ascidia 130 Botryllus gouldii 176 candens, Pseudodistoma 109, 111 Botryllus gracilis 177 candidum, Didemnum 35, 37 Botryllus leachii 173 canina, Ascidia 21 Botryllus marionis 176 canopoides, Styela 196 Botryllus miniatus 177 canopus, Cynthia 195, 196 Botryllus minutus 176 canopus, Styela 196 Botryllus morio 176 capensis, Agnesia 124 Botryllus polycyclus 176 capillata, Ascidia 127 Botryllus pruinosus 176 capricornia, Polycarpa 193 Botryllus purpureus 175 captiosa, Styela 193 Botryllus rubens 176 carduus, Leptoclinides 50 Botryllus rubigo 176 carnosa, Stolonica 182 Botryllus schlosseri 176 carnosum, Eudistoma 87 Botryllus smaragdus 176 castaneus, Botryllus 176 Botryllus stellatus 175, 176 castellatum, Synoicum 104 Botryllus stewartensis 177 cataphracta, Cynthia 168 Botryllus tuberatus 177 catillum, Polysyncraton 61 Botryllus violaceus 176 cavernosa, Sycozoa 81 Botryllus violatinctus 176 cavernosus, Leptoclinides 51 Botryllus virescens 176 centripetens, Nephtheis 27 bowerbanki, Synoicum 104 cerasus, Polycitor 91 cerea, Styela 185 bradleyi, Pyura 168 cerebriforme, Aplidie 81 brakenhielmi, Diandrocarpa 184 cerebriformis, Cynthia 168 brakenhielmi, Symplegma 184 cerebriformis, Sycozoa 81 brandi, Leptoclinides 50 cereum, Pseudodistoma 110 brevicauda, Sycozoa 81 ceylonensis, Cystodytes 85 brevicollis, Fritillaria 225 ceylonica, Rhabdocynthia 161 Brevicollus 85 ceylonicum, Rhodosoma 136 Brevicollus tuberatus 85 challengeri, Ascidia 127 brevigastra, Stolonica 182 chamissonis, Cyclosalpa 211 brevilarvacium, Aplidium 96 chamissonis, Oikopleura 232 Brooksia 213 charcoti, Adagnesia 124 Brooksia rostrata 213 charcoti, Ascidia 127 buccinum, Synoicum 104 charon, Bathochordaeus 231 bucinum, Atriolum 34 chartaceum, Didemnum 37 bulbatum, Eudistoma 87 Chevreulius 135

275 INDEX of TAXA

Chevreulius callensis 135, 136 Clavelina oblonga 24 chilensis, Pyura 163 Clavelina oliva 26 chinensis, Cnemidocarpa 190 Clavelina ostrearium 26 chinensis, Polycarpa 190 Clavelina pseudobaudinensis 26 Chondrostachys 24 Clavelina robusta 26 Chondrostachys macdonaldi 24, 25 Clavelina sigillaria 113 Chorizocarpa 178 Clavelina (Synclavella) arafurensis 25 Chorizocarpa guttata 178 clavelina, Botrylloides 174 Chorizocarpa michaelseni 178 CLAVELINIDAE 23 Chorizocarpa sydneyensis 178 claviforme, Protopolyclinum 29 Chorizocormus 181 claviformis, Colella 113 Chorizocormus leucophaeus 178 claviformis, Euclavella 113 Chorizocormus reticulatus 181 claviformis, Herdmania 73 Chorizocormus subfuscus 178 claviformis, Pseudodiazona 29 Chorizocormus sydneyensis 178 clavum, Didemnum 37 chrysanthemum, Synoicum 104 clinides, Trididemnum 67 cicar, Thalia 217 Clitella 35 cilicium, Didemnum 37 Clitella nutricula 35 Ciona 21 Clitellum nutricola 35 Ciona fascicularis 22 Clitellum nutricula 35 Ciona indica 29 clivosum, Aplidium 96 Ciona intestinalis 20, 21 Cnemidocarpa 185 Ciona robusta 22 Cnemidocarpa aculeata 185 Ciona (Pleurociona) edwardsi 22 Cnemidocarpa amphora 185 CIONIDAE 20 Cnemidocarpa aucklandica 185 circes, Polycitor 91 Cnemidocarpa barbata 186 Circinalium 95 Cnemidocarpa chinensis 190 Circinalium concrescens 95 Cnemidocarpa completa 186 circulum, Polysyncraton 61 Cnemidocarpa fissa 186 circumarata, Styela 190 Cnemidocarpa floccosa 186 cirrhosa, Dubreuillia 217, 218 Cnemidocarpa hartogi 186 citrum, Synoicum 104 Cnemidocarpa intestinata 186 claudaria, Fritillaria 225 Cnemidocarpa irene 186 Claudenus 157 Cnemidocarpa irma 186 Claudenus antipodus 157 Cnemidocarpa legalli 186 claudicans squamiger, Microcosmus 163 Cnemidocarpa lobata 187 clava, Fritillaria 225 Cnemidocarpa longata 187 clava, Polyclinum 120 Cnemidocarpa oligocarpa 187 clava, Styela 197 Cnemidocarpa pedata 187 clavata, Perophora 140 Cnemidocarpa personata 187 clavata, Polycarpa 190 Cnemidocarpa posthuma 187 clavata, Polycarpa aurata 190 Cnemidocarpa radicosa 188 clavatum, Lissoclinum 56 Cnemidocarpa robinsoni 185 Clavelina 24 Cnemidocarpa stolonifera 188 Clavelina amplexa 24 Cnemidocarpa tribranchiata 188 Clavelina arafurensis 25 Cnemidocarpa tripartita 188 Clavelina australis 25 Cnemidocarpa valborgi 186 Clavelina baudinensis 25 coactum, Lissoclinum 56 Clavelina borealis 24 coalitus, Microcosmus 168 Clavelina cylindrica 25 coalitus, Polycitor 78 Clavelina dagysa 25 coccinea, Goodsiria 181 Clavelina dentatosiphonis 73 coelenteratus, Askonides 50, 51 Clavelina diminuta 114 coelenteratus, Leptoclinides 51 Clavelina fecunda 23, 25 coerulea, Salpa 215 Clavelina meridionalis 25 coerulescens, Salpa 213 Clavelina mirabilis 26 Colella 81 Clavelina moluccensis 26 Colella claviformis 113 Clavelina nigra 26 Colella cyanea 80 Clavelina nodula 114 Colella elongata 88

276 INDEX of TAXA

Colella incerta 81 CORELLIDAE 134 Colella moebiusi 79 corelloides, Phallusia 127 Colella perrieri 82 coriaceum, Tethyum 159 Colella plicata 81 corium, Didemnum 38 Colella pulchra 82 cornuta, Ritterella 117 Colella ramulosa 82 cornutogastra, Oikopleura 233 Colella tenuicaulis 82 coronaria, Polycitorella 86 Colella thomsoni 27 coronarium, Eucoelium 86 Colella umbellata 82 coronatum, Pseudodistoma 111 colemani, Polyandrocarpa 180 corrugata, Ascidia 21 Collela murrayi 82 costata, Salpa 219 columna, Polycitor 91 crassa, Ecteinascidia 29 comitus, Leptoclinides 51 crassa, Fritillaria borealis 226 communis, Botryllus 177 crassa, Rhopalaea 28, 29 compacta, Ritterella 117 crassacapitata, Pyura 165 compactus, Leptoclinides 51 crater, Macroclinum 103 complanata, Ascidiopsis 127 crateriferum, Amaroucium 97 complanata, Cynthia 160 crateriferum, Aplidium 97 complanata, Molgula 151 crescente, Didemnum 38 complanata, Rhabdocynthia 160 cretaceum, Leptoclinum 37 complanatum, Polyclinum 120 cretaceus, Cystodites 85 completa, Cnemidocarpa 186 crinitistellata, Cynthia 159 complexum, Didemnum 37 cristata, Ascidia 130 complexus, Leptoclinides 51 cristatum, Trididemnum 67 concavitum, Synoicum 105 cryptocarpa, Styela 192 concavum, Lissoclinum 57, 58 crystallinum, Trididemnum 70 conchilega, Pandocia 189 crystallinus, Polycitor 90 conchylium, Lissoclinum 57 Ctenicella 151, 157 concrescens, Circinalium 95 Ctenicella antipoda 157 Condominium 108 Ctenicella mortenseni 154 Condominium areolatum 108 Ctenyura 157 confirmatus, Leptoclinides 51 Ctenyura intermedia 157 confluata, Aplidiopsis 94 Ctenyura tetraplexa 158 confoederata, Pegea 214 Ctenyura tortuosa 158 confoederata, Salpa 214 cuculliferum, Diplosomoides 61 confragosa, Pyura 165 cuculliferum, Polysyncraton 61 congregatum, Aplidium 96 cucurbitus, Leptoclinides 51 coniferum, Aplidium 96 Culeolus 158 constellatus, Leptoclinides 51 Culeolus herdmani 158 constrictum, Eudistoma 87 Culeolus littoralis 166 contecta, Polycarpa 190 Culeolus murrayi 158 contecta, Styela 190 curvata, Herdmania momus 160 contorta, Herdmania 160 curvigona, Pyura 165 controversum, Aplidium 99 curvus, Microcosmus 161 cooperi, Caesira 152 cuscina, Distaplia 76 cophocerca, Oikopleura 233 cuspidatus, Leptoclinides 51 cophocerca, Oikopleura (Vexillaria) 233 cuspidis, Distaplia 77 coralliforme, Didemnum 38 cyanea, Colella 80 corbis, Polyclinum 103 cyanea, Sigillina 80 cordiformis, Salpa 217 cyanescens, Botrylloides 174 Corella 135 Cyathocormus 81 Corella antarctica 135 Cyathocormus mirabilis 81 Corella benedeni 135 cyclops, Trididemnum 67 Corella dohrni 135 Cyclosalpa 211 Corella eumyota 135 Cyclosalpa affinis 211 Corella novarae 135 Cyclosalpa bakeri 211 Corella valentinae 135 Cyclosalpa chamissonis 211 Corellascidia 135 Cyclosalpa floridana 211 Corellascidia herdmani 135, 136 Cyclosalpa pinnata sewelli 211

277 INDEX of TAXA

Cyclosalpa polae 211 Cystodytes draschii 85 Cyclosalpa sewelli 211 Cystodytes hapu 86 (Cyclosalpa) retracta, Salpa 215 Cystodytes perspicuus 85 CYCLOSALPINAE 211 Cystodytes philippinensis 86 cygnuus, Didemnum 38 Cystodytes ramosus 86 cylindracea, Ascidia 144 Cystodytes tasmanensis 59 cylindrica, Clavelina 25 Cystodytes violaceus 85 cylindrica, Holozoa 76 cylindrica, Iasis 213 dagysa, Clavelina 25 cylindrica, Redikorzevia 196 dagysa, Podoclavella 25 cylindrica, Salpa 213 dakarensis, Gamaster 150 cylindricum, Polyclinum 25 dalli, Eugyrioides 154 Cynthia aggregata 182 decepta, Ascidia 125, 128 Cynthia arcuata 198 decipiens, Polycarpa 191 Cynthia arenosa 164 decoratus, Leptoclinides 52 Cynthia canopus 195, 196 deerrata, Distoma 78 Cynthia cataphracta 168 deerratum, Hypodistoma 78 Cynthia cerebriformis 168 delectum, Didemnum 38 Cynthia complanata 160 dellachiajei, Cystodytes 85 Cynthia crinitistellata 159 dellachiajei, Distoma 85 Cynthia dione 151 democratica flagellifera, Salpa 218 Cynthia dumosa 158 democratica, Salpa 217 Cynthia fissa 165 democratica, Thalia 217 Cynthia gangelion 165 Dendroclavella 24 Cynthia gibbosa 166 Dendroclavella elegans 24 Cynthia glutinans 150 Dendrodoa gregaria 185 Cynthia grandis 160 dentatosiphonis, Clavelina 73 Cynthia hispida 158 dentatosiphonis, Euherdmania 73 Cynthia irregularis 166 dentatum, Polysyncraton 61 Cynthia jacatrensis 164 denticulatum, Doliolum 203, 204 Cynthia japonica 167 depressa, Biphora 215 Cynthia laevissima 198 depressa, Dictyostyela 181 Cynthia molguloides 166 depressum, Aplidium 97 Cynthia momus 160 detorta, Podoclavella 113 Cynthia multiradicata 168 detorta, Pycnoclavella 113 Cynthia pallida 161 diafana, Fritillaria 225 Cynthia papietensis 160 Diandrocarpa 183 Cynthia praeputialis 168 Diandrocarpa botryllopsis 183 Cynthia pupa 163 Diandrocarpa brakenhielmi 184 Cynthia sabulosa 198 diaphanaea, Ascidia 21 Cynthia sacciformis 167 diaphanis, Ecteinascidia 138 Cynthia sanderi 167 Diazona picta 24 Cynthia solanoides 198 DIAZONIDAE 28 Cynthia spinifera 159 Dictyostyela 181 Cynthia stellifera 196 Dictyostyela depressa 181 Cynthia stolonifera 168 DIDEMNIDAE 31 Cynthia stubenrauchi 164 Didemnium styliferum 78 Cynthia tessellata 163 Didemnnum fragile 39 Cynthiopsis 164 Didemnoides 35 Cynthiopsis valdivia 164 Didemnoides patella 58 Cynthiopsis valdiviae 168 Didemnoides resinaceum 35 Cystingia 151 Didemnoides sulcatum 58 Cystingia griffithsi 151 Didemnoides ternatanum 58 Cystodites cretaceus 85 Didemnopsis 66 Cystodites durus 85 Didemnopsis jolense 68 Cystodytes 85 Didemnum 31, 35 Cystodytes aucklandicus 85 Didemnum albopunctatum 36 Cystodytes ceylonensis 85 Didemnum anoi 43 Cystodytes dellachiajei 85 Didemnum arancium 36

278 INDEX of TAXA

Didemnum aratore 36 Didemnum multispirale 43 Didemnum asterix 36 Didemnum mutabile 43 Didemnum astrum 36 Didemnum nambucciensis 43 Didemnum bicolor 36 Didemnum nekozita 43 Didemnum biglutinum 36 Didemnum oblitum 43 Didemnum bisectatum 37 Didemnum ossium 43 Didemnum bistratum 56 Didemnum parancium 43 Didemnum caesium 37 Didemnum parau 44 Didemnum candidum 35, 37 Didemnum patulum 44 Didemnum chartaceum 37 Didemnum pecten 44 Didemnum cilicium 37 Didemnum pellucidum 44 Didemnum clavum 37 Didemnum perplexum 44 Didemnum complexum 37 Didemnum plebium 44 Didemnum coralliforme 38 Didemnum poecilomorpha 44 Didemnum corium 38 Didemnum precocinum 44 Didemnum crescente 38 Didemnum productum 46 Didemnum cygnuus 38 Didemnum proliferum 39 Didemnum delectum 38 Didemnum psammatode 45 Didemnum dispersum 68 Didemnum pseudodiplosoma 69 Didemnum diversum 38 Didemnum ramosum 70 Didemnum domesticum 38 Didemnum reticulatum 40 Didemnum dorotubu 45 Didemnum roberti 45 Didemnum effusium 38 Didemnum rota 45 Didemnum elongatum 38 Didemnum rottnesti 120 Didemnum etiolum 38 Didemnum savignii 70 Didemnum fibriae 39 Didemnum scopi 45 Didemnum flavoviride 39 Didemnum sibogae 70 Didemnum fragile 39 Didemnum sordidum 45 Didemnum fragum 39 Didemnum spadix 45 Didemnum fucatum 39 Didemnum spongioides 45 Didemnum fuscum 39 Didemnum spumante 45 Didemnum gottschaldti 56 Didemnum spumosum 46 Didemnum grande 39 Didemnum stragulum 46 Didemnum granulatum 40 Didemnum sucosum 46 Didemnum guttatum 40 Didemnum sycon 42 Didemnum herba 40 Didemnum tabulatum 46 Didemnum hiopaa 40 Didemnum tenebricosum 70 Didemnum inarmata 66 Didemnum ternerratum 46 Didemnum incanum 40 Didemnum theca 46 Didemnum inveteratum 40 Didemnum timorensis 60 Didemnum jedanense 40 Didemnum tonga 46 Didemnum jucundum 41 Didemnum tumulatum 46 Didemnum lacertosum 41 Didemnum turritum 42 Didemnum leopardus 41 Didemnum usitatum 47 Didemnum levitas 41 Didemnum uturoa 47 Didemnum lillipution 41 Didemnum vahatuio 47 Didemnum linatum 41 Didemnum verdantum 47 Didemnum lissoclinum 41 Didemnum vesperi 47 Didemnum macrosiphonium 41 Didemnum via 47 Didemnum madeleinae 41 Didemnum viride 47 Didemnum maeandrium 58 Didemnum viscosum 47 Didemnum makropnous 40 Didemnum voeltzkowi 60 Didemnum mantile 42 Didemnum vulgare 47 Didemnum membranaceum 42 Didemnum yolky 37 Didemnum microthoracicum 42 Didemnum (Polysyncratum) magnetae 63 Didemnum minisculum 42 diegensis, Megalocercus 235 Didemnum molle 42 digitata, Euherdmania 72, 73 Didemnum monile 42 digitatum, Aplidium 96 Didemnum moseleyi 43 digonas, Sorbera 148

279 INDEX of TAXA diminuta, Clavelina 114 Distaplia pallida 77 diminuta, Pycnoclavella 114 Distaplia prolifera 77 dioica, Oikopleura 233 Distaplia racemosa 77 dione, Cynthia 151 Distaplia regina 77 Dipleurosoma 207 Distaplia retinaculata 78 Dipleurosoma ellipticum 207 Distaplia stylifera 74, 78 Diplosoma 47 Distaplia tokioka 78 Diplosoma atropunctatum 48 Distaplia tokiokai 78 Diplosoma fecundum 48 Distaplia turboensis 78 Diplosoma ferrugeum 49 Distaplia violetta 78 Diplosoma lacteum 48 Distaplia viridis 78 Diplosoma listerianum 48 Distaplia yezoensis 76 Diplosoma macdonaldi 48 distaplium, Aplidium 97 Diplosoma mitsukurii 48 distincta, Paracynthia 164 Diplosoma okai 48 Distoma 86 Diplosoma pavonia 50 Distoma deerrata 78 Diplosoma pizoni 48 Distoma dellachiajei 85 Diplosoma pseudoleptoclinum 35 Distoma glareosa 90 Diplosoma rayneri 47, 48 Distoma laysani 88 Diplosoma simile 49 Distoma parva 89 Diplosoma translucidum 49 Distoma rubrum 86, 87 Diplosoma velatum 49 distomoides, Amaroucium 79 Diplosoma versicolor 49 distomoides, Hypsistozoa 79 Diplosoma virens 49 Distomus diptychos 182 Diplosoma viride 49 diversa, Molgula 152 Diplosomoides 35 diversum, Didemnum 38 Diplosomoides cuculliferum 61 diversum, Lissoclinum 57 Diplosomoides molle 35, 42 divisa, Ascidia 130 Diplosomoides ostrearium 58 doderleini, Polycarpa 194 Diplosomoides triangulum 60 dohrni, Corella 135 Diplosomoides tropicum 58 dolichosoma, Salpa 212 diplozoon, Ascidia 130 Dolioletta 204 diptycha, Stolonica 182 Dolioletta gegenbauri 204 diptychos, Distomus 182 Doliolum 204 directa, Polycarpa 191 Doliolum denticulatum 203, 204 directum, Aplidium 97 Doliolum gegenbauri 204 discogona, Molgula 154 Doliolum tritonis 204 discoides, Polysyncraton 61 domesticum, Didemnum 38 discolor, Polycitor 87 donnani, Ascidia 130 discrepans, Leptoclinum 67 dorotubu, Didemnum 45 discrepans, Trididemnum 67 dorsalis, Ascidia 129 dispar, Ascidia 128 draschii, Cystodytes 85 dispar, Ritterella 117 draschii, Microcosmus 160 dispara, Fritillaria 227 draschii, Pyura gibbosa 166 dispersum, Didemnum 68 draschii, Pyura pachydermatina 166 dispersum, Trididemnum 68 dromide, Polysyncraton 62 distans, Microcosmus 161 dubia, Distaplia 76 Distaplia 76 dubium, Leptobotrylloides 76 Distaplia australiensis 76 dubium, Polysyncraton 52 Distaplia cuscina 76 dubius kingi, Leptoclinides 53 Distaplia cuspidis 77 dubius, Leptoclinides 52 Distaplia dubia 76 Dubreuillia 217 Distaplia fasmeriana 79 Dubreuillia cirrhosa 217, 218 Distaplia florida 77 dumosa, Cynthia 158 Distaplia imaii 77 dumosa, Halocynthia 158 Distaplia japonica 76 Dumus 116 Distaplia magnilarva 76 Dumus areniferus 116 Distaplia mikropnoa 77 duploplicata, Stolonica 182 Distaplia muriella 77 dura, Goodsiria 179

280 INDEX of TAXA durabile, Lissoclinum 57 espevaerense, Sarcobotrylloides 174 durum, Synoicum 106 esther, Styela 186 durus, Cystodites 85 Eteinascidia hornelli 139 durus, Leptoclinides 52 etheridgii, Styela 188 etiolum, Didemnum 38 eboreum, Eudistoma 88 Euclavella 113 echinatum, Polysyncraton 61 Euclavella claviformis 113 Echinoclinum 55 Eucoelium 86 Echinoclinum pacificense 58 Eucoelium coronarium 86 Echinoclinum philippinense 60 Eucoelium hospitiolum 86 Echinoclinum verrilli 55 Eucoelium orientalis 86 echinus, Leptoclinides 52 Eudistoma 83, 86 Ecteinascidia 138 Eudistoma amplum 87 Ecteinascidia aequale 139 Eudistoma anaematum 87 Ecteinascidia crassa 29 Eudistoma angolanum 87 Ecteinascidia diaphanis 138 Eudistoma aureum 87 Ecteinascidia flora 139 Eudistoma bulbatum 87 Ecteinascidia formosana 141 Eudistoma carnosum 87 Ecteinascidia fusca 29 Eudistoma constrictum 87 Ecteinascidia hataii 138 Eudistoma eboreum 88 Ecteinascidia imperfecta 139 Eudistoma elongatum 88 Ecteinascidia koumaci 138, 139 Eudistoma fantasiana 80 Ecteinascidia maxima 139 Eudistoma gilboviride 88 Ecteinascidia multiclathrata 141 Eudistoma glaucum 88 Ecteinascidia ndouae 139 Eudistoma globosum 88 Ecteinascidia nexa 139 Eudistoma gracilum 88 Ecteinascidia remanea 139 Eudistoma incubitum 88 Ecteinascidia rubricollis 138, 139 Eudistoma laysani 88 Ecteinascidia sluiteri 140 Eudistoma maculosum 89 Ecteinascidia thurstoni 140 Eudistoma malum 89 Ecteinascidia tokaraensis 139 Eudistoma microlarvum 89 Ecteinascidia turbinata 138 Eudistoma muscosum 90 Ecteinascidia vitta 140 Eudistoma ovatum 89 Ecteinascidia (Rhopalopsis) solida 29 Eudistoma pratulum 89 Ectorchis 159 Eudistoma purpureum 89 edwardsi, Ciona (Pleurociona) 22 Eudistoma pyriforme 89 effusium, Didemnum 38 Eudistoma reginum 89 elata, Polycarpa 189, 198 Eudistoma rigida 88 elatum, Aplidium 97 Eudistoma sabulosum 90 elegans, Dendroclavella 24 Eudistoma sluiteri 90 elegans, Fragarium 95 Eudistoma snakabri 87 elegans, Pyrosoma 207 Eudistoma superlatum 90 elliptica, Ascidia 131 Eudistoma tigrum 90 ellipticum, Dipleurosoma 207 Eudistoma tumidum 90 ellistoni, Molgula 152 Eudistoma viridis 81 ellistoni, Placentela 108 Eudistoma vulgare 89 elongata, Amphicarpa 183 (Eudistoma) paesslerioides angolanum, elongata, Botryllocarpa 178 Polycitor 87 elongata, Colella 88 Eugyra 150 elongata, Plurella 142, 143 Eugyra flabelligona 155 elongata, Pycnoclavella 114 Eugyra mammillata 150 elongata, Pyura 165 Eugyra millimetra 150 elongata, Salpa 213 Eugyra molguloides 150 elongatum, Didemnum 38 Eugyra moretonensis 150 elongatum, Eudistoma 88 eugyriodes, Molgula 152 emergens, Polycitor 91 Eugyrioides 150 empheres, Ascidia 128 Eugyrioides dalli 154 erectum, Synoicum 105 Eugyriopsis 151 erinaceus, Leptoclinides 52 Eugyropsis intermedia 151

281 INDEX of TAXA

Euherdmania 73 flammeum, Polysyncraton 62 Euherdmania australis 108 flava, Polycarpa 191 Euherdmania dentatosiphonis 73 flavoviride, Didemnum 39 Euherdmania digitata 72, 73 flavum, Parascidia 95 Euherdmania translucida 73 floccosa, Cnemidocarpa 186 EUHERDMANIIDAE 72 floccosa, Styela 186 eumyota, Corella 135 flora, Ecteinascidia 139 eunuchus, Hexacrobylus 147 florida, Distaplia 77 Euritteria 152 floridana, Cyclosalpa 211 Eurycercus pellucidus 224, 227 floridana, Salpa 211 Eusynstyela 179 fluorescum, Aplidium 97 Eusynstyela grandis 179 flynni, Halocynthia 199 Eusynstyela latericius 179 foliorum, Aplidium 99 (Eusynstyela) imthurni, Gynandrocarpa 179 forbesi, Molgula 152 eversum, Atriolum 34 Forbesia 163 exasperatus australis, Microcosmus 163 formica, Fritillaria 226 exasperatus, Microcosmus 161, 162 formosa, Hartmeyeria 159 excelsior, Pyrosoma 208 formosana, Ecteinascidia 141 exigua, Molgula 154 forskalii, Salpa 216 exigua, Pareugyrioides 154 Fragarium 95 exigua, Polyzoa 181 Fragarium elegans 95 exigua, Styela 198 fragile, Didemnnum 39 exiguus, Leptoclinides 52 fragile, Didemnum 39 Exostoma 92 fragile, Psammaplidium 100 expansa, Ascidia 131 fragum, Didemnum 39 fraudax, Fritillaria 226 fristedti, Polycarpa 194 faciformis, Nephtheis 27 Fritillaria 224 faeroensis, Leptoclinides 50 Fritillaria abjornseni 226 fantasiana, Eudistoma 80 Fritillaria amygala 226 fantasiana, Sigillina 80 Fritillaria angularis 225 farrago, Trididemnum 68 Fritillaria artus 225 fascicularis, Ciona 22 Fritillaria bicornis 227 fascicularis, Nephtheis 27 Fritillaria borealis 224 fascicularis, Oxycorynia 27 Fritillaria borealis allongata 225 fasmeriana, Distaplia 79 Fritillaria borealis crassa 226 fecunda, Clavelina 23, 25 Fritillaria borealis intermedia 225 fecunda, Podoclavella 25 Fritillaria borealis mediterranea 225 fecundum, Diplosoma 48 Fritillaria borealis sargassi 225 femoralis, Salpa 214 Fritillaria brevicollis 225 ferrugeum, Diplosoma 49 Fritillaria campila 226 ferruginea, Salpa 214 Fritillaria claudaria 225 fertilis, Fritillaria 227 Fritillaria clava 225 fertilis, Tectillaria 227 Fritillaria diafana 225 fibriae, Didemnum 39 Fritillaria dispara 227 fibrosa, Glandula 189 Fritillaria fertilis 227 ficus, Caesira 152 Fritillaria formica 226 ficus, Molgula 152 Fritillaria fraudax 226 filiforme, Aplidium 97 Fritillaria gigas 225 fimbriae, Herdmania 160 Fritillaria haplostoma 226 fimbriatum, Leptoclinum 120 Fritillaria inverta 227 firmus, Botrylloides 173 Fritillaria juncea 225 firmus, Botryllus 173 Fritillaria lohmanni 226 fissa, Cnemidocarpa 186 Fritillaria macrotrachela 227 fissa, Cynthia 165 Fritillaria megachile 226 fissa, Pyura 165 Fritillaria nitida 225 flabelligona, Eugyra 155 Fritillaria pellucida 227 flabellum, Vexillaria 232, 233 Fritillaria plana 225 flagellifera, Salpa democratica 218 Fritillaria pulchrituda 225

282 INDEX of TAXA

Fritillaria ritteri 225 glabra, Ascidia 128 Fritillaria sargassi 225 glabrum, Polyclinum 102 Fritillaria tacita 226 glaciata, Agnesia 124 Fritillaria tenebra 225 glaciata, Agnezia 122, 24 Fritillaria tereta 226 Glandula 189 Fritillaria trigonis 225 Glandula fibrosa 189 Fritillaria velocita 225 glareosa, Distoma 90 Fritillaria venusta 227 glaucum, Eudistoma 88 FRITILLARIIDAE 224 glaucum, Polysyncraton 62 frustus, Leptoclinides 52 glaucus, Polycitor 88 fucatum, Didemnum 39 glauerti, Atriolum 34 fulgens, Leptoclinum 35 glauerti, Leptoclinides 34 fulgurale, Botrylloides 174 globosum, Eudistoma 88 fungiforme, Polydistoma 79 globosum, Polyclinum 91 fungiformis, Leptoclinides 53 Glossophorum 101 fungiformis, Polycarpa 191 glutinans, Cynthia 150 fungosum, Polyclinum 102 goanus, Microcosmus 162 fusca, Ecteinascidia 29 godeffroyi, Molgula 153 fuscum, Didemnum 39 godeffroyi, Tethyum (Styela) 187 fuscum, Hypurgon 45 Goniocarpa 196 fuscum, Polyclinum 120 Goodsiria 181 fuscus, Meristocarpus 151 Goodsiria coccinea 181 fusiformis, Oikopleura 233 Goodsiria dura 179 fusiformis, Salpa 215 Goodsiria lapidosa 180 gottschaldti, Didemnum 56 galaxum, Polysyncraton 62 gouldii, Botryllus 176 galei, Macroclinum hypurgon 105 gracilis, Botryllus 177 galei, Synoicum 105 gracilum, Eudistoma 88 Gamaster 150 gracilum, Pseudodistoma 111 Gamaster dakarensis 150 grande, Didemnum 39 gangelion, Cynthia 165 grande, Leptoclinum albidum 39 gangelion, Pyura 165 grandis, Cynthia 160 Gasterascidia 147 grandis, Eusynstyela 179 Gasterascidia sandersi 147 grandis, Herdmania 160 gastrolineatum, Aplidium 97 grandissima, Sigillina 80 gegenbauri, Dolioletta 204 grandistellus, Leptoclinides 53 gegenbauri, Doliolum 204 granosa, Ascidia 143 gelasinum, Aplidium 97 granosa, Microgastra 143 gelatinosa, Polycitor 91 granulatum, Didemnum 40 gelatinosum, Leptoclinum 48 gregaria, Dendrodoa 185 geminatum, Aplidium 98 griffithsi, Cystingia 151 gemmata, Ascidia 128 griseum, Aplidium 98 gemmeus, Botryllus 176 grisiatum, Aplidium 98 gibba, Salpa 214 guttata, Chorizocarpa 178 gibbosa draschii, Pyura 166 guttatum, Didemnum 40 gibbosa gibbosa, Pyura 166 Gymnocystis 151 gibbosa, Cynthia 166 Gynandrocarpa latericius 179 gibbosa, Pyura 166 Gynandrocarpa purpurea 178 gibbosa, Pyura gibbosa 166 Gynandrocarpa quadricornulis 184 gigantea, Ascopera 151 Gynandrocarpa systematica 178 gigantea, Atopogaster 104 Gynandrocarpa (Eusynstyela) imthurni 179 giganteum, Polycitor 91 gyrosa, Styela 197 giganteum, Polyclinum 91 giganteum, Pyrosoma 207 haemisphaerium, Microcosmus 162 giganteus, Polycitor 91 Halocynthia 158 gigas, Fritillaria 225 Halocynthia dumosa 158 gigas, Tetradidemnum 35 Halocynthia flynni 199 gilboviride, Eudistoma 88 Halocynthia jokoboja 167 gilboviridis, Polycitor 88 Halocynthia michaelseni 167

283 INDEX of TAXA

Halocynthia papillosa 159 humilis, Asterocarpa 185 Halocynthia sansibarica 165 humilis, Styela 185 Halocynthia vanhoeffeni 168 hupferi, Caesira 159 Haplopleura 232 hutchisoni, Perophora 140 haplostoma, Fritillaria 226 huxleyi, Megalocercus 232 hapu, Cystodytes 86 huxleyi, Oikopleura 232 hartmeyeri, Polycarpa 191 huxleyi, Pera 135, 136 Hartmeyeria 159 Hyalocynthia 164 Hartmeyeria formosa 159 Hyalocynthia histrix 164, 167 Hartmeyeria triangularis 159 Hyperiodistoma 79 hartogi, Cnemidocarpa 186 Hypodistoma 78 hataii, Ecteinascidia 138 Hypodistoma deerratum 78 Helicosalpa 212 Hypodistoma mirabile 78 Helicosalpa virgula 212 Hypsistozoa 79 helleri, Microcosmus 162 Hypsistozoa distomoides 79 hensenii, Salpa 219 Hypurgon 35 herba, Didemnum 40 Hypurgon fuscum 45 herculea, Salpa 219 hypurgon galei, Macroclinum 105 herdmani, Corellascidia 135, 136 Hypurgon skeati 35, 45 herdmani, Culeolus 158 herdmani, Microcosmus 168 ianthina, Salix 92 herdmani, Molgula 153 ianthinus, Polycitor 92 herdmani, Perophoropsis 138 Iasis 213, 216 Herdmania 160 Iasis cylindrica 213 Herdmania armata 160 Ihlea 213 Herdmania claviformis 73 Ihlea magalhanica 213 Herdmania contorta 160 imaii, Distaplia 77 Herdmania fimbriae 160 imperfecta, Ecteinascidia 139 Herdmania grandis 160 imperfectus, Askonides 53 Herdmania mentula 160 imperfectus, Leptoclinides 53 Herdmania momus 160 imthurni, Gynandrocarpa (Eusynstyela) 179 Herdmania momus curvata 160 inarmata, Didemnum 66 Herdmania pallida 161 incanum, Didemnum 40 herdmania, Ritterella 117 incanum, Leptoclinum 40 Heterotrema 95 incerta, Ascidia 130 Heterotrema sarasinorum 95 incerta, Colella 81 HEXACROBYLIDAE 146 incidata, Molgula 153 Hexacrobylus 147 inconspicua, Molgula 198 Hexacrobylus arcticus 147 incrustans, Psammaplidium 100 Hexacrobylus eunuchus 147 incrustatum, Polyclinum 102 Hexacrobylus indicus 147 incrustatum, Polyclinum neptunium 102 Hexacrobylus psammatodes 147 incubatum, Aplidium 98 Hexadactylus 147 incubitum, Eudistoma 88 Hexadactylus longitestis 147 indica, Ciona 29 Hexadactylus millari 147 indica, Metandrocarpa 179 Hexadactylus seeligeri 147 indicus, Asajirus 147 hexagona, Metcalfina 214 indicus, Hexacrobylus 147 hexagona, Salpa 214 inermum, Trididemnum 70 himeboja, Agnesia 124 inflatum, Pseudodistoma 111 hiopaa, Didemnum 40 inflorescens, Aplidium 98 hispida, Cynthia 158 infundibulum, Polysyncraton 62 histrix, Hyalocynthia 164, 167 insigne, Botrylloides 174 Holothurium zonarium 216 intercedens, Morchellium 105 Holozoa 76 intercedens, Synoicum 105 Holozoa cylindrica 76 intermedia, Ctenyura 157 HOLOZOIDAE 74 intermedia, Eugyropsis 151 Homoeodistoma omasum 108 intermedia, Fritillaria borealis 225 hornelli, Eteinascidia 139 intermedia, Oikopleura 234 hospitiolum, Eucoelium 86 intestinalis, Ascidia 21

284 INDEX of TAXA intestinalis, Ciona 20, 21 latesiphonica, Ascidia 128 intestinata, Cnemidocarpa 186 latusexitus, Aplidium 101 intestinata, Polycarpa 193 laysani, Distoma 88 intonata, Polycarpa 191 laysani, Eudistoma 88 inverta, Fritillaria 227 leachii, Botrylloides 173 investum, Synoicum 101 leachii, Botryllus 173 inveteratum, Didemnum 40 leeuwinia, Pyura 168 irene, Cnemidocarpa 186 legalli, Cnemidocarpa 186 irene, Styela 186 lenticulum, Aplidium 98 irma, Cnemidocarpa 186 leopardus, Didemnum 41 irregularis, Cynthia 166 lepadiformis, Ascidia 24 irregularis, Pyura 166 Leptobotrylloides 76, 175 isobella, Pyura 166 Leptobotrylloides dubium 76 iwayamae, Polycarpa 189 Leptoclinides 50 Leptoclinides aciculus 50 jacatrensis, Cynthia 164 Leptoclinides albamaculatus 50 jacksoni, Aplidium 98 Leptoclinides brandi 50 jacksoniana, Polycarpa 199 Leptoclinides caelestis 50 jacksonianum, Sarcobotrylloides 174 Leptoclinides carduus 50 janis, Molgula 154 Leptoclinides cavernosus 51 japonica, Cynthia 167 Leptoclinides coelenteratus 51 japonica, Distaplia 76 Leptoclinides comitus 51 japonicus, Myxobotrus 175 Leptoclinides compactus 51 jedanense, Didemnum 40 Leptoclinides complexus 51 joannae, Styela 185 Leptoclinides confirmatus 51 jokoboja, Halocynthia 167 Leptoclinides constellatus 51 jolense, Didemnopsis 68 Leptoclinides cucurbitus 51 jucundum, Didemnum 41 Leptoclinides cuspidatus 51 jugosum, Leptoclinum 62 Leptoclinides decoratus 52 jugosum, Polysyncraton 62 Leptoclinides dubius 52 julinea, Phallusia 132 Leptoclinides dubius kingi 53 Julinia 76 Leptoclinides durus 52 Julinia australis 76 Leptoclinides echinus 52 julinii, Microcosmus 160 Leptoclinides erinaceus 52 juncea, Fritillaria 225 Leptoclinides exiguus 52 Leptoclinides faeroensis 50 kapala, Polycarpa 191 Leptoclinides frustus 52 Katatropa 196 Leptoclinides fungiformis 53 Katatropa vancouverensis 196 Leptoclinides glauerti 34 kingi, Leptoclinides 53 Leptoclinides grandistellus 53 kingi, Leptoclinides dubius 53 Leptoclinides imperfectus 53 koumaci, Ecteinascidia 138, 139 Leptoclinides kingi 53 Kowalevskia 228 Leptoclinides levitatus 53 Kowalevskia tenuis 228 Leptoclinides lissus 53 KOWALEVSKIIDAE 228 Leptoclinides longicollis 53 krausei, Agnesia 124 Leptoclinides maculatus 53 kreagra, Ascidia 128 Leptoclinides magnistellus 53 kurilensis, Vannamea 196 Leptoclinides minimus 54 Leptoclinides multilobata 54 lacertosum, Didemnum 41 Leptoclinides multilobatus 54 lacteum, Diplosoma 48 Leptoclinides oscitans 51, 54 laevissima, Cynthia 198 Leptoclinides placidus 54 laneum, Lissoclinum 57 Leptoclinides prunus 54 lapidosa, Ascidia 143 Leptoclinides pulvinus 54 lapidosa, Goodsiria 180 Leptoclinides rigidus 54 lapidosa, Polyandrocarpa 180 Leptoclinides rufus 54 lapidosum, Trididemnum 68 Leptoclinides seminudus 54 latericius, Eusynstyela 179 Leptoclinides sulawesi 54 latericius, Gynandrocarpa 179 Leptoclinides tuberculatus 55

285 INDEX of TAXA

Leptoclinides umbrosus 55 Lissoclinum multifidum 57 Leptoclinides variegatus 55 Lissoclinum nebulosum 58 Leptoclinides volvus 55 Lissoclinum ostrearium 58 Leptoclinum 35 Lissoclinum pacificense 58 Leptoclinum albidum grande 39 Lissoclinum patella 58 Leptoclinum calificiforme 49 Lissoclinum pulvinum 56 Leptoclinum cretaceum 37 Lissoclinum punctatum 59 Leptoclinum discrepans 67 Lissoclinum reginum 59 Leptoclinum fimbriatum 120 Lissoclinum roseum 59 Leptoclinum fulgens 35 Lissoclinum scopulosum 59 Leptoclinum gelatinosum 48 Lissoclinum sente 59 Leptoclinum incanum 40 Lissoclinum spongium 59 Leptoclinum jugosum 62 Lissoclinum stellatum 59 Leptoclinum listerianum 48 Lissoclinum taratara 59 Leptoclinum macrolobium 48 Lissoclinum tasmanense 59 Leptoclinum marmoratum 68 Lissoclinum tenerum 66 Leptoclinum midori 49 Lissoclinum timorense 60 Leptoclinum moseleyi 43 Lissoclinum triangulum 60 Leptoclinum patulum 44 Lissoclinum variabile 60 Leptoclinum perspicuum 49 lissoclinum, Didemnum 41 Leptoclinum psammatode 45 lissus, Leptoclinides 53 Leptoclinum simile 49 listeri, Perophora 140 Leptoclinum translucidum 49 listerianum, Diplosoma 48 Leptoclinum varium 49 listerianum, Leptoclinum 48 Leptoclinum virens 49 Lithonephyra 151 Leptoclinum viride 47 littoralis, Culeolus 166 leptum, Botrylloides 174 littoralis, Pyura 166 lessoni, Synclavella 24 lobata, Cnemidocarpa 187 leucophaeus, Chorizocormus 178 lobata, Styela 187 levitas, Didemnum 41 lobatum, Aplidium 95 levitatus, Leptoclinides 53 lobatum, Psammaplidium 100 levitum, Lissoclinum 57 lodix, Aplidium 98 liberata, Ascidia 128 lodix, Polysyncraton 62 lilium, Atriolum 35 lohmanni, Fritillaria 226 lillipution, Didemnum 41 longata, Cnemidocarpa 187 limosa, Ascidia 130 longata, Styela 187 limosum, Lissoclinum 57 longicauda, Appendicularia 232, 234 linatum, Didemnum 41 longicauda, Oikopleura 234 linere, Polysyncraton 62 longicauda, Salpa 218 Lioclinum 47 longicauda, Thalia 218 Lissamaroucium 104 longicaulis, Perophora 141 Lissamaroucium magnum 104 longicollis, Leptoclinides 53 Lissoclinum 55 longiformis, Polycarpa 192 Lissoclinum agriculum 55 longisiphonica, Polycarpa 194 Lissoclinum aureum 55 longistriatum, Synoicum 105 Lissoclinum badium 56 longitestis, Hexadactylus 147 Lissoclinum bistratum 56 longithorax, Aplidium 98 Lissoclinum caliginosum 56 longitube, Polydistoma 79 Lissoclinum calycis 56 longitubis, Phallusia 130 Lissoclinum clavatum 56 longitubis, Polycitor 79 Lissoclinum coactum 56 longitubis, Polysyncraton 62 Lissoclinum concavum 57, 58 longivascula, Molgula 153 Lissoclinum conchylium 57 lovenii, Ascidia 196 Lissoclinum diversum 57 lucilla, Polycarpa 191 Lissoclinum durabile 57 lunacratum, Aplidium 98 Lissoclinum laneum 57 luteum, Polysyncraton 63 Lissoclinum levitum 57 Lissoclinum limosum 57 macdonaldi, Chondrostachys 24, 25 Lissoclinum maculatum 57 macdonaldi, Diplosoma 48

286 INDEX of TAXA

Macrenteron 95 marsupiale, Polyclinum 102 Macrenteron ritteri 95 martensii, Molgula 153 Macroclinum 103 masuii, Pyura 167 Macroclinum arenaceum 104 maxima, Ecteinascidia 139 Macroclinum crater 103 maxima, Salpa 215, 216 Macroclinum hypurgon galei 105 meandratum, Polysyncraton 63 Macroclinum macroglossum 105 mediterranea, Fritillaria borealis 225 Macroclinum papilliferum 105 medusa, Molgula 152 macroglossum, Macroclinum 105 megachile, Fritillaria 226 macroglossum, Synoicum 105 Megalocercus 232 macrolobatum, Aplidium 99 Megalocercus abyssorum 232 macrolobium, Leptoclinum 48 Megalocercus diegensis 235 macrophyllum, Polyclinum 103 Megalocercus huxleyi 232 macrosiphonium, Didemnum 41 megastoma, Oikopleura 232 macrothorax, Rhopalaea 29 membranaceum, Didemnum 42 macrotrachela, Fritillaria 227 membranosa, Ascidia 21 maculatum, Lissoclinum 57 mentula, Ascidia 127 maculatus, Leptoclinides 53 mentula, Herdmania 160 maculosum, Eudistoma 89 meridiana, Amphicarpa 182 madagascariensis, Microcosmus 162 meridionalis, Clavelina 25 madagascariensis, Pandocia (Polycarpa) 193 meridionalis, Podoclavella 25 madeleinae, Didemnum 41 Meristocarpus 151 maeandrium, Didemnum 58 Meristocarpus fuscus 151 magalhaensis, Paessleria 86 Metandrocarpa 179 magalhanica, Ihlea 213 Metandrocarpa agitata 179 magalhanica, Salpa 213 Metandrocarpa indica 179 magnetae, Didemnum (Polysyncratum) 63 Metandrocarpa miniscula 179 magnetae, Polysyncraton 63 Metandrocarpa thilenii 179 magnicoecum, Botrylloides nigrum 173 Metcalfina 214 magnilarva, Distaplia 76 Metcalfina hexagona 214 magnilarvum, Aplidium 99 Metrocarpa 173 magnistellus, Leptoclinides 53 michaelseni, Chorizocarpa 178 magnum, Lissamaroucium 104 michaelseni, Halocynthia 167 magnum, Oikopleura 234 michaelseni, Synstyela 178 magnum, Stegosoma 234 Michaelsenia 179 makropnous, Didemnum 40 Michaelsenia tincta 179 malaca australiensis, Ascidia 128 Microcosmus 161 malayensis, Nephtheis 27 Microcosmus acanthifera 159 malmii, Oikopleura 233 Microcosmus agglutinans 162 malum, Eudistoma 89 Microcosmus australis 161 malvinensis, Molgula 153 Microcosmus biconvolutus 162 mammiculata, Styela 197 Microcosmus bitunicatus 161 mammillata, Aplidiopsis 95 Microcosmus claudicans squamiger 163 mammillata, Ascidia 131 Microcosmus coalitus 168 mammillata, Eugyra 150 Microcosmus curvus 161 mammillatum, Neodistoma 79 Microcosmus distans 161 manaarensis, Microcosmus 162 Microcosmus draschii 160 manhattensis, Ascidea 153 Microcosmus exasperatus 161, 162 manhattensis, Molgula 153 Microcosmus exasperatus australis 163 mantile, Didemnum 42 Microcosmus goanus 162 mariae, Polycitorella 86 Microcosmus haemisphaerium 162 marinense, Atriolum 35 Microcosmus helleri 162 marionis, Botryllus 176 Microcosmus herdmani 168 marmoratum, Leptoclinum 68 Microcosmus julinii 160 marmoratum, Trididemnum 68 Microcosmus madagascariensis 162 marquesana, Plurascidia 132, 133 Microcosmus manaarensis 162 marquesana, Styela 196 Microcosmus miniatus 162 marshi, Atapozoa 80 Microcosmus nichollsi 163 marshii, Atapozoa 80 Microcosmus pacificus 163

287 INDEX of TAXA

Microcosmus planus 162 Molgula ficus 152 Microcosmus propinquus 163 Molgula forbesi 152 Microcosmus pupa 163 Molgula godeffroyi 153 Microcosmus ramsayi 161 Molgula herdmani 153 Microcosmus squamiger 163 Molgula incidata 153 Microcosmus stolonifera 163 Molgula inconspicua 198 Microcosmus stoloniferus 163 Molgula janis 154 Microcosmus tuberculatus 163 Molgula longivascula 153 Microcosmus variegatus 162 Molgula malvinensis 153 Microgastra 143 Molgula manhattensis 153 Microgastra granosa 143 Molgula martensii 153 microlarvum, Eudistoma 89 Molgula medusa 152 microstoma, Oikopleura 234 Molgula minuta 152 microstoma, Salpa 217 Molgula mollis 153, 154 microthoracicum, Didemnum 42 Molgula mortenseni 154 midori, Leptoclinum 49 Molgula mortoni 153 migrans, Arenadiplosoma 48 Molgula nodosa 154 mikrenterica, Ascidia 143 Molgula oculata 151 mikropnoa, Distaplia 77 Molgula recumbens 198 millari, Hexadactylus 147 Molgula reducta 152 millari, Phallusia 132 Molgula rima 154 millepore, Polysyncraton 63 Molgula sabulosa 149, 154 millimetra, Eugyra 150 Molgula sordida 153 miniastrum, Polysyncraton 63 Molgula sphaera 154 miniatum, Trididemnum 68 Molgula spiralis 153 miniatus, Botryllus 177 Molgula sydneyensis 153, 154 miniatus, Microcosmus 162 MOLGULIDAE 149 minimus, Leptoclinides 54 Molgulidium 151 miniscula, Metandrocarpa 179 Molgulina 152 minisculum, Aplidium 99 molguloides, Cynthia 166 minisculum, Didemnum 42 molguloides, Eugyra 150 minuta, Ascidia 131 molguloides, Polycarpa 192 minuta, Molgula 152 molguloides, Pyura 166 minutus, Botryllus 176 molle, Didemnum 42 mirabile, Hypodistoma 78 molle, Diplosomoides 35, 42 mirabilis, Atapozoa 78 mollis, Molgula 153, 154 mirabilis, Clavelina 26 mollis, Polycitor 90 mirabilis, Cyathocormus 81 moluccensis, Clavelina 26 misakiense, Sarcodidemnoides 35 moluccensis, Podoclavella 26 mitrateton, Oikomicron 233 momus curvata, Herdmania 160 mitrateton, Oikomikron 232 momus, Cynthia 160 mitsukurii, Diplosoma 48 momus, Herdmania 160 mjobergi, Sigillina 80 Monandrocarpa 188 modificata, Perophora 141 Monandrocarpa plana 188 moebii, Polycarpa 195 Monandrocarpa tritonis 188 moebiusi, Colella 79 monile, Didemnum 42 Molgula 151 Monniotus 108 Molgula ampulloides 151 Monniotus australis 107, 108 Molgula appendiculata 151 Monniotus radiatus 108 Molgula arenosa 150 Monniotus ramosus 108 Molgula batemani 153 Monoandrocarpa 188 Molgula bathamae 153 Monoandrocarpa plana 188 Molgula calvata 152 Monobotryllus 181 Molgula complanata 151 Monobotryllus violacea 181 Molgula discogona 154 Monobotryllus violaceus 181 Molgula diversa 152 montanum, Polysyncraton 63 Molgula ellistoni 152 Morchellium 101 Molgula eugyriodes 152 Morchellium albidum 101 Molgula exigua 154 Morchellium intercedens 105

288 INDEX of TAXA

Morchellium pannosum 101 nigra, Sigillina 80 moretonensis, Eugyra 150 nigricans, Polycarpa 192 morio, Botryllus 176 nigrum magnicoecum, Botrylloides 173 mortenseni, Ctenicella 154 nigrum, Polyclinum 80 mortenseni, Molgula 154 nitida, Fritillaria 225 mortoni, Molgula 153 nitida, Salpa 217 moseleyi, Didemnum 43 niveum, Polysyncraton 63 moseleyi, Leptoclinum 43 nobile, Trididemnum 68 mucronata, Salpa 217 nodosa, Molgula 154 multiclathrata, Ecteinascidia 141 nodosa, Polyzoa 181 multiclathrata, Perophora 141 nodula, Amphicarpa 183 multifidum, Lissoclinum 57 nodula, Clavelina 114 multiforme, Polysyncraton 63 nodula, Stolonica 183 multilineatum, Aplidium 99 normanni, Ascidia 131 multilobata, Leptoclinides 54 nota, Polycarpa 192 multilobatus, Leptoclinides 54 novarae, Corella 135 multiplicatum, Aplidium 99 nubilum, Trididemnum 69 multiradicata, Cynthia 168 nubilus, Polycitor 91 multispirale, Didemnum 43 nudum, Polyclinum 102 multistigmata, Perophora 141 nutricola, Clitellum 35 multistigmata, Ritterella 117 nutricula, Clitella 35 multitentaculata, Salpa 219 nutricula, Clitellum 35 multitentaculata, Traustedtia 219 nutrix, Styela 189 munda, Ascidia 129 muriella, Distaplia 77 obeliscum, Polycitor 91 murrayi, Collela 82 obeliscus, Polycitor 91 murrayi, Culeolus 158 obesa, Ascidia (Pachychlaena) 132 murrayi, Stomozoa 119 obesa, Phallusia 132 murrayi, Sycozoa 82 obesa, Pyura 165 muscosum, Eudistoma 90 obliqua, Ascidia 127 mutabile, Didemnum 43 oblitum, Didemnum 43 mutilans, Polycarpa 193 oblonga, Ascidia (Pachychlaena) 131, 132 Myxobotrus 175 oblonga, Clavelina 24 Myxobotrus japonicus 175 obscura, Polycarpa 192 obscurum, Synoicum 105 nambucciensis, Didemnum 43 occidentalis, Ascidia 129 namei, Perophora 141 oceania, Symplegma 184 nana, Ascopera 153 oceanum, Polysyncraton 63 navicula, Pyura 166 ocellata, Ascidia 21 ndouae, Ecteinascidia 139 octophora, Salpa 214 neapolitana, Archiascidia 113 oculata, Molgula 151 neapolitana, Rhopalaea 29 Oculinaria 179 nebulosa, Polycarpa 198 Oculinaria australis 179, 180 nebulosum, Lissoclinum 58 Oikomicron mitrateton 233 nekozita, Didemnum 43 Oikomikron 232 nemorus, Parabotryllus 175, 177 Oikomikron mitrateton 232 Neodistoma 79 Oikopleura 232 Neodistoma mammillatum 79 Oikopleura albicans 233 Nephtheis 26 Oikopleura chamissonis 232 Nephtheis centripetens 27 Oikopleura cophocerca 233 Nephtheis faciformis 27 Oikopleura cornutogastra 233 Nephtheis fascicularis 27 Oikopleura dioica 233 Nephtheis malayensis 27 Oikopleura fusiformis 233 neptunium incrustatum, Polyclinum 102 Oikopleura huxleyi 232 nerea, Ascidia 129 Oikopleura intermedia 234 nexa, Ecteinascidia 139 Oikopleura longicauda 234 nichollsi, Microcosmus 163 Oikopleura magnum 234 nigra, Clavelina 26 Oikopleura malmii 233 nigra, Phallusia 131 Oikopleura megastoma 232

289 INDEX of TAXA

Oikopleura microstoma 234 pallida, Distaplia 77 Oikopleura rufescens 234 pallida, Herdmania 161 Oikopleura spissa 234 pallida, Rhabdocynthia 160 Oikopleura tortugensis 234 palliolum, Polysyncraton 64 Oikopleura velifera 234 Pandocia 188 Oikopleura (Vexillaria) cophocerca 233 Pandocia conchilega 189 OIKOPLEURIDAE 229 Pandocia (Polycarpa) botryllifera 190 OIKOPLEURINAE 232 Pandocia (Polycarpa) madagascariensis 193 okai, Diplosoma 48 pandora, Ascidia 133 Okamia 179 pannosum, Morchellium 101 oligocarpa, Cnemidocarpa 187 pannosum, Sarcobotrylloides 174 oligocarpa, Styela 187 papietensis, Cynthia 160 Oligotrema 147 papietensis, Rhabdocynthia 160 Oligotrema psammites 146, 147 papillata, Polycarpa 193 olitoria, Polycarpa 193 papillata, Ritterella 117 olitoria, Styela 193 papillata, Styela 193 oliva, Clavelina 26 papilliferum, Macroclinum 105 omasum, Homoeodistoma 108 papilliferum, Synoicum 105 opaca, Adagnesia 124 papillosa, Halocynthia 159 opacum, Aplidium 99 papillosum, Tethyum 158, 159 opalina, Ascidia 131 papillosus, Schizascus 136 opuntia, Polyzoa 181 papyra, Polycarpa 194 orbicularis, Styela 196 papyrus, Polysyncraton 64 orbiculum, Polysyncraton 64 Parabotryllus 175 orbitum, Polyclinum 102 Parabotryllus nemorus 175, 177 ordinatum, Psammaplidium 98 paraclinides, Trididemnum 69 oriens, Pseudodistoma 111 paracyclops, Trididemnum 69 orientalis, Eucoelium 86 Paracynthia 164 orientalis, Perophora 141 Paracynthia distincta 164 orientalis, Polycitorella 86 Paradistoma 90 ornatum, Aplidium 99 paradoxum, Polysyncraton 60 oscitans, Leptoclinides 51, 54 paralineatum, Aplidium 99 ossium, Didemnum 43 parallelogramma, Ascidia 135 ostrearium, Clavelina 26 parancium, Didemnum 43 ostrearium, Diplosomoides 58 parasamea, Ascidia 129 ostrearium, Lissoclinum 58 Parascidia 95 ostrearium, Podoclavella 26 Parascidia flavum 95 ostreophila, Pyura 167 parasitica, Caesira 154 otuetue, Polysyncraton 64 parastigmaticum, Aplidium 99 ovata, Polycarpa 193 Paratona 189 ovatum, Eudistoma 89 parau, Didemnum 44 ovatum, Psammaplidium 89 Pareugyrioides 154 Oxycorynia 27 Pareugyrioides exigua 154 Oxycorynia arenosa 113 partita bermudiensis, Styela 196 Oxycorynia fascicularis 27 partita, Styela 196 Oxycorynia pseudobaudinensis 26 parva, Distoma 89 parvispinatus, Pyura australis 164 Pachychlaena 131 parvulus, Botrylloides 174 (Pachychlaena) obesa, Ascidia 132 parvum, Aplidium 100 (Pachychlaena) oblonga, Ascidia 131, 132 patella, Didemnoides 58 pachydermatina draschii, Pyura 166 patella, Lissoclinum 58 pacificense, Echinoclinum 58 Patridium 29 pacificense, Lissoclinum 58 Patridium pulvinatum 29 pacificus, Microcosmus 163 patula, Ascidia 130 Paessleria 86 patulum, Didemnum 44 Paessleria magalhaensis 86 patulum, Leptoclinum 44 paesslerioides angolanum, Polycitor pavementis, Styela 186 (Eudistoma) 87 pavimentum, Polysyncraton 64 pallida, Cynthia 161 pavonia, Diplosoma 50

290 INDEX of TAXA pecten, Didemnum 44 Phallusia nigra 131 pedata, Cnemidocarpa 187 Phallusia obesa 132 pedata, Polycarpa 187 Phallusia philippinensis 132 pedunculata, Ascidia 131 Phallusia polytrema 133 pedunculata, Polycarpa 194 Phallusia turcica 135, 136 pedunculata, Protoholozoa 79 Phallusioides 127 pedunculata, Ritterella 115, 117 phallusioides, Ascidia 132 pedunculata, Sycozoa 82 Phallusiopsis 131 pedunculatum, Aplidie 81, 82 phaula, Styela (Polycarpa) 193 pedunculatum, Polysyncraton 64 philippinense, Echinoclinum 60 pedunculatum, Psammaplidium 117 philippinensis, Cystodytes 86 Pegea 214 philippinensis, Phallusia 132 Pegea confoederata 214 picta, Diazona 24 pellucida, Ascidia 131 picteti, Polycarpa 194 pellucida, Caesira 150 picteti, Salpa 215 pellucida, Fritillaria 227 pigmentata, Polycarpa 194 pellucida, Pera 151 pigmentatum, Trididemnum 69 pellucidum, Didemnum 44 pilatum, Pseudodistoma 111 pellucidum, Stegosoma 234 pinguis, Styela 197 pellucidus, Eurycercus 224, 227 pinnata sewelli, Cyclosalpa 211 pellucidus, Schizascus 135, 136 pinnata, Salpa 211 Pera 151 pizoni, Diplosoma 48 Pera huxleyi 135, 136 Placentela areolata 108 Pera pellucida 151 Placentela ellistoni 108 peristroma, Polysyncraton 64 placidus, Leptoclinides 54 perlucida, Rhopalaea 29 plana, Fritillaria 225 Peroides 135 plana, Monandrocarpa 188 Perophora 140 plana, Monoandrocarpa 188 Perophora africana 141 planum, Trididemnum 69 Perophora boltenina 140 planus, Microcosmus 162 Perophora clavata 140 plebium, Didemnum 44 Perophora hutchisoni 140 plenovata, Polycarpa 194 Perophora listeri 140 (Pleurociona) edwardsi, Ciona 22 Perophora longicaulis 141 plicata, Ascidia 197 Perophora modificata 141 plicata, Colella 81 Perophora multiclathrata 141 plicata, Pyura 167 Perophora multistigmata 141 plicata, Styela 170, 197 Perophora namei 137, 141 Plurascidia 131 Perophora orientalis 141 Plurascidia marquesana 132, 133 Perophora sabulosa 141 Plurella 143 PEROPHORIDAE 137 Plurella elongata 142, 143 Perophoropsis 138 PLURELLIDAE 142 Perophoropsis herdmani 138 pneumonodes, Styela (Polycarpa) 189 perplexum, Didemnum 44 Podoclavella 24 perrieri, Colella 82 Podoclavella dagysa 25 personata, Cnemidocarpa 187 Podoclavella detorta 113 personata, Styela 187 Podoclavella fecunda 25 perspicuum, Botrylloides 175 Podoclavella meridionalis 25 perspicuum, Leptoclinum 49 Podoclavella moluccensis 26 perspicuus, Botrylloides 175 Podoclavella ostrearium 26 perspicuus, Cystodytes 85 Podoclavella procera 25 petrosum, Aplidium 100 Podocynthia 164 Phallusia 131 Podocynthia turboja 164 Phallusia arabica 132 poecilomorpha, Didemnum 44 Phallusia barbarica 132 polae, Cyclosalpa 211 Phallusia corelloides 127 Polyandrocarpa 180 Phallusia julinea 132 Polyandrocarpa abjornseni 180 Phallusia longitubis 130 Polyandrocarpa australiensis 180 Phallusia millari 132 Polyandrocarpa colemani 180

291 INDEX of TAXA

Polyandrocarpa lapidosa 180 Polycarpa sigmilineata 191 Polyandrocarpa rollandi 180 Polycarpa simplicigona 188 Polyandrocarpa simulans 180 Polycarpa sluiteri 195 Polyandrocarpa sparsa 180 Polycarpa sobria 195 Polyandrocarpa triggiensis 181 Polycarpa stephenensis 199 Polyandrocarpa watsonia 181 Polycarpa stimpsoni 198 Polycarpa 188, 189 Polycarpa stirpes 195 Polycarpa abjornseni 180 Polycarpa sulcata 189 Polycarpa argentata 189 Polycarpa thelyphanes 195 Polycarpa attollens 193 Polycarpa tinctor 195 Polycarpa aurata 189 Polycarpa tinctorella 195 Polycarpa aurata clavata 190 Polycarpa unilineata 192 Polycarpa aurita 190 Polycarpa varians 189 Polycarpa aurita,aurita, Polycarpa 170 Polycarpa viridis 195 Polycarpa bassi 192 (Polycarpa) botryllifera, Pandocia 190 Polycarpa biforis 190 (Polycarpa) madagascariensis, Pandocia 193 Polycarpa capricornia 193 (Polycarpa) phaula, Styela 193 Polycarpa chinensis 190 (Polycarpa) pneumonodes, Styela 189 Polycarpa clavata 190 Polycitor 90 Polycarpa contecta 190 Polycitor (Eudistoma) paesslerioides Polycarpa decipiens 191 angolanum 87 Polycarpa directa 191 Polycitor amplus 87 Polycarpa doderleini 194 Polycitor annulus 90 Polycarpa elata 189, 198 Polycitor arenaceus 89 Polycarpa flava 191 Polycitor calamus 91 Polycarpa fristedti 194 Polycitor cerasus 91 Polycarpa fungiformis 191 Polycitor circes 91 Polycarpa hartmeyeri 191 Polycitor coalitus 78 Polycarpa intestinata 193 Polycitor columna 91 Polycarpa intonata 191 Polycitor crystallinus 90 Polycarpa iwayamae 189 Polycitor discolor 87 Polycarpa jacksoniana 199 Polycitor emergens 91 Polycarpa kapala 191 Polycitor gelatinosa 91 Polycarpa longiformis 192 Polycitor giganteum 91 Polycarpa longisiphonica 194 Polycitor giganteus 91 Polycarpa lucilla 191 Polycitor gilboviridis 88 Polycarpa moebii 195 Polycitor glaucus 88 Polycarpa molguloides 192 Polycitor ianthinus 92 Polycarpa mutilans 193 Polycitor longitubis 79 Polycarpa nebulosa 198 Polycitor mollis 90 Polycarpa nigricans 192 Polycitor nubilus 91 Polycarpa nota 192 Polycitor obeliscum 91 Polycarpa obscura 192 Polycitor obeliscus 91 Polycarpa olitoria 193 Polycitor protectans 92 Polycarpa ovata 193 Polycitor signiferus 81 Polycarpa papillata 193 Polycitor subarborensis 92 Polycarpa papyra 194 Polycitor translucida 92 Polycarpa pedata 187 Polycitor translucidus 92 Polycarpa pedunculata 194 Polycitorella 86 Polycarpa picteti 194 Polycitorella coronaria 86 Polycarpa pigmentata 194 Polycitorella mariae 86 Polycarpa plenovata 194 Polycitorella orientalis 86 Polycarpa polyphlebodes 190 POLYCITORIDAE 83 Polycarpa procera 194 POLYCLINIDAE 93 Polycarpa radicata 194 Polyclinum 93, 101 Polycarpa reniformis 194 Polyclinum clava 120 Polycarpa rigida 194, 195 Polyclinum complanatum 120 Polycarpa sacciformis 198 Polyclinum corbis 103 Polycarpa seriata 193 Polyclinum cylindricum 25

292 INDEX of TAXA

Polyclinum fungosum 102 Polysyncraton oceanum 63 Polyclinum fuscum 120 Polysyncraton orbiculum 64 Polyclinum giganteum 91 Polysyncraton otuetue 64 Polyclinum glabrum 102 Polysyncraton palliolum 64 Polyclinum globosum 91 Polysyncraton papyrus 64 Polyclinum incrustatum 102 Polysyncraton paradoxum 60 Polyclinum macrophyllum 103 Polysyncraton pavimentum 64 Polyclinum marsupiale 102 Polysyncraton pedunculatum 64 Polyclinum neptunium incrustatum 102 Polysyncraton peristroma 64 Polyclinum nigrum 80 Polysyncraton polysystema 64 Polyclinum nudum 102 Polysyncraton pontoniae 65 Polyclinum orbitum 102 Polysyncraton pseudomagnetae 65 Polyclinum prunum 105 Polysyncraton pseudorugosum 65 Polyclinum psammiferum 102 Polysyncraton pulchrum 65 Polyclinum pute 103 Polysyncraton purou 65 Polyclinum sabulosum 101, 102 Polysyncraton regulum 65 Polyclinum saturnium 101, 102 Polysyncraton reticulum 65 Polyclinum solum 102 Polysyncraton rica 65 Polyclinum tenuatum 103 Polysyncraton robustum 65 Polyclinum terranum 103 Polysyncraton rostrum 66 Polyclinum tsutsuii 103 Polysyncraton rubitapum 66 Polyclinum vasculosum 103 Polysyncraton rufum 54 polycratica, Salpa 216 Polysyncraton rugosum 66 Polycyclus 175 Polysyncraton scobinum 66 Polycyclus renieri 175 Polysyncraton textus 66 polycyclus, Botryllus 176 Polysyncraton thallomorpha 63 Polydistoma 79 Polysyncraton turris 66 Polydistoma fungiforme 79 Polysyncraton victoriense 120 Polydistoma longitube 79 (Polysyncratum) magnetae, Didemnum 63 polyphlebodes, Polycarpa 190 polysystema, Polysyncraton 64 Polysoma testiculatum 57 polytrema, Ascidia 133 Polysyncraton 60 polytrema, Phallusia 133 Polysyncraton alingulum 61 Polyzoa 181 Polysyncraton arafurensis 61 Polyzoa exigua 181 Polysyncraton arvum 61 Polyzoa nodosa 181 Polysyncraton catillum 61 Polyzoa opuntia 181 Polysyncraton circulum 61 Polyzoa sagamiana 181 Polysyncraton cuculliferum 61 Polyzoa violacea 181 Polysyncraton dentatum 61 POLYZOINAE 178 Polysyncraton discoides 61 pontoniae, Polysyncraton 65 Polysyncraton dromide 62 posthuma, Cnemidocarpa 187 Polysyncraton dubium 52 praeputialis, Cynthia 168 Polysyncraton echinatum 61 pratulum, Eudistoma 89 Polysyncraton flammeum 62 precocinum, Didemnum 44 Polysyncraton galaxum 62 procera, Podoclavella 25 Polysyncraton glaucum 62 procera, Polycarpa 194 Polysyncraton infundibulum 62 procera, Styela 194 Polysyncraton jugosum 62 productum, Didemnum 46 Polysyncraton linere 62 prolata, Ascidia 129 Polysyncraton lodix 62 prolifera, Distaplia 77 Polysyncraton longitubis 62 prolifera, Stolonica 182 Polysyncraton luteum 63 proliferum, Amaroucium 95 Polysyncraton magnetae 63 proliferum, Didemnum 39 Polysyncraton meandratum 63 pronum, Aplidium 100 Polysyncraton millepore 63 propinquus, Microcosmus 163 Polysyncraton miniastrum 63 Propyrosoma 208 Polysyncraton montanum 63 prostratum, Botrylloides 174 Polysyncraton multiforme 63 protectans, Amaroucium 92 Polysyncraton niveum 63 protectans, Polycitor 92

293 INDEX of TAXA

Protobotryllus 178 pulvinum, Lissoclinum 56 Protobotryllus viridis 178 pulvinum, Pseudodistoma 111 Protoholozoa 79 pulvinus, Leptoclinides 54 Protoholozoa australiensis 79 pulvinus, Sigillina 81 Protoholozoa pedunculata 79 punctata, Salpa 213 PROTOPOLYCLINIDAE 107 punctatum, Lissoclinum 59 Protopolyclinum claviforme 29 pupa, Cynthia 163 pruinosus, Botryllus 176 pupa, Microcosmus 163 prunum, Polyclinum 105 purou, Polysyncraton 65 prunum, Synoicum 105 purpurea, Gynandrocarpa 178 prunus, Leptoclinides 54 purpureum, Botrylloides 174 Psammaplidium 95 purpureum, Eudistoma 89 Psammaplidium fragile 100 purpureus, Botryllus 175 Psammaplidium incrustans 100 purpureus, Psammobotrus 175 Psammaplidium lobatum 100 pusilla, Botrylloides 174 Psammaplidium ordinatum 98 pusillum, Trididemnum 70 Psammaplidium ovatum 89 pustulosa, Ascidia 131 Psammaplidium pedunculatum 117 pute, Polyclinum 103 Psammaplidium pyriforme 89 Pycnoclavella 112, 113 Psammaplidium solidum 100 Pycnoclavella arenosa 113 Psammaplidium spongiforme 95 Pycnoclavella aurantia 113 psammatode, Didemnum 45 Pycnoclavella aurilucens 113 psammatode, Leptoclinum 45 Pycnoclavella detorta 113 psammatodes, Hexacrobylus 147 Pycnoclavella diminuta 114 psammiferum, Polyclinum 102 Pycnoclavella elongata 114 psammites, Oligotrema 146, 147 Pycnoclavella tabella 114 Psammobotrus 175 PYCNOCLAVELLIDAE 112 Psammobotrus purpureus 175 pyramidalis, Salpa 218 pseudobaudinensis, Clavelina 26 pyriforme, Eudistoma 89 pseudobaudinensis, Oxycorynia 26 pyriforme, Psammaplidium 89 pseudobesum, Aplidium 96 pyriformis, Ascidia 130 Pseudodiazona 29 Pyrosoma 207 Pseudodiazona claviformis 29 Pyrosoma atlanticum 205, 207 Pseudodiazona sabulosa 29 Pyrosoma benthica 207 pseudodiplosoma, Didemnum 69 Pyrosoma elegans 207 pseudodiplosoma, Trididemnum 69 Pyrosoma excelsior 208 Pseudodistoma 110 Pyrosoma giganteum 207 Pseudodistoma acuatum 110 Pyrosoma rufum 207 Pseudodistoma aureum 110 Pyrosoma sedentarium 208 Pseudodistoma australe 111 Pyrosoma spinosum 208 Pseudodistoma candens 109, 111 Pyrosoma triangulum 207 Pseudodistoma cereum 110 PYROSOMATIDAE 205 Pseudodistoma coronatum 111 PYROSOMATINAE 207 Pseudodistoma gracilum 111 Pyrostremma 208 Pseudodistoma inflatum 111 Pyrostremma spinosum 208 Pseudodistoma oriens 111 PYROSTREMMATINAE 208 Pseudodistoma pilatum 111 Pyura 163 Pseudodistoma pulvinum 111 Pyura abradata 156, 164 PSEUDODISTOMIDAE 109 Pyura albanyensis 165 pseudoleptoclinum, Diplosoma 35 Pyura arenosa 164 pseudomagnetae, Polysyncraton 65 Pyura aspera 167 pseudorugosum, Polysyncraton 65 Pyura australis 164 psoloessa, Styela 189 Pyura australis parvispinatus 164 pulchella, Ascidia 22 Pyura bradleyi 168 pulchra, Colella 82 Pyura chilensis 163 pulchra, Sycozoa 82 Pyura confragosa 165 pulchrituda, Fritillaria 225 Pyura crassacapitata 165 pulchrum, Polysyncraton 65 Pyura curvigona 165 pulvinatum, Patridium 29 Pyura elongata 165

294 INDEX of TAXA

Pyura fissa 165 reginum, Eudistoma 89 Pyura gangelion 165 reginum, Lissoclinum 59 Pyura gibbosa 166 regulum, Polysyncraton 65 Pyura gibbosa draschii 166 remanea, Ecteinascidia 139 Pyura gibbosa gibbosa 166 renieri, Polycyclus 175 Pyura irregularis 166 reniformis, Polycarpa 194 Pyura isobella 166 reniformis, Styela 194 Pyura leeuwinia 168 resinaceum, Didemnoides 35 Pyura littoralis 166 reticulata, Ascidia 144 Pyura masuii 167 reticulatum, Didemnum 40 Pyura molguloides 166 reticulatum, Trididemnum 70 Pyura navicula 166 reticulatus, Chorizocormus 181 Pyura obesa 165 reticulum, Polysyncraton 65 Pyura ostreophila 167 retinaculata, Distaplia 78 Pyura pachydermatina draschii 166 retracta, Ritteriella 215 Pyura plicata 167 retracta, Salpa (Cyclosalpa) 215 Pyura rapaformis 167 Rhabdocynthia 160 Pyura robusta 165 Rhabdocynthia ceylonica 161 Pyura sacciformis 167 Rhabdocynthia complanata 160 Pyura scoresbiensis 165 Rhabdocynthia pallida 160 Pyura scortea 167 Rhabdocynthia papietensis 160 Pyura spinifera 167 Rhabdocynthia subfusca 160 Pyura spinosa 168 Rhabdocynthia tenuis 160 Pyura stolonifera 156, 168 rhabdophora, Ascidia 127 Pyura tasmanensis 169 rhinoceros, Thalia 218 Pyura tendata 166 Rhodosoma 135 Pyura tongaea 165 Rhodosoma ceylonicum 136 Pyura viarecta 169 Rhodosoma pyxis 136 PYURIDAE 156 Rhodosoma seminudum 136 Pyuropsis 164 Rhodosoma turcicum 134, 136 pyxis, Rhodosoma 136 Rhodosoma verecundum 136 Rhodozona 24 quadrata, Salpa 214 rhomboides, Salpa 218 quadricornulis, Gynandrocarpa 184 rhomboides, Thalia 218 Rhopalaea 29 racemosa, Distaplia 77 Rhopalaea crassa 28, 29 radiata, Botrylloides 173 Rhopalaea macrothorax 29 radiata, Salpa 219 Rhopalaea neapolitana 29 radiatus, Monniotus 108 Rhopalaea perlucida 29 radicata, Polycarpa 194 Rhopalaea sagamiana 29 radicosa, Cnemidocarpa 188 Rhopalaea tenuis 30 radicosa, Styela 188 Rhopalona 29 ramificata, Styela 190 Rhopalopsis 29 ramosum, Didemnum 70 Rhopalopsis tenuis 30 ramosus, Cystodytes 86 (Rhopalopsis) solida, Ecteinascidia 29 ramosus, Monniotus 108 rica, Polysyncraton 65 ramsayi, Microcosmus 161 richeri, Archidistoma 114 ramulosa, Botrylloides 174 rigida, Eudistoma 88 ramulosa, Colella 82 rigida, Polycarpa 194, 195 rapaformis, Pyura 167 rigidus, Leptoclinides 54 rayneri, Diplosoma 47, 48 rima, Molgula 154 rectangularis, Styela 196 Ritterella 116 recumbens, Molgula 198 Ritterella asymmetrica 116 Redikorzevia 196 Ritterella compacta 117 Redikorzevia cylindrica 196 Ritterella cornuta 117 reducta, Molgula 152 Ritterella dispar 117 reducta, Stolonica 183 Ritterella herdmania 117 reducta, Styela 183 Ritterella multistigmata 117 regina, Distaplia 77 Ritterella papillata 117

295 INDEX of TAXA

Ritterella pedunculata 115, 117 sagamiana, Polyzoa 181 RITTERELLIDAE 115 sagamiana, Rhopalaea 29 ritteri, Amaroucium 100 Salix 92, 268 ritteri, Aplidium 100 Salix ianthina 92 ritteri, Fritillaria 225 Salpa 215 ritteri, Macrenteron 95 Salpa (Cyclosalpa) retracta 215 Ritteriella 215 Salpa affinis 211 Ritteriella amboinensis 215 Salpa africana 216 Ritteriella retracta 215 Salpa amboinensis 215 roberti, Didemnum 45 Salpa birostrata 216 robinsoni, Cnemidocarpa 185 Salpa caboti 218 robusta, Ciona 22 Salpa coerulea 215 robusta, Clavelina 26 Salpa coerulescens 213 robusta, Pyura 165 Salpa confoederata 214 robustum, Aplidium 100 Salpa cordiformis 217 robustum, Atriolum 34, 35 Salpa costata 219 robustum, Polysyncraton 65 Salpa cylindrica 213 rollandi, Polyandrocarpa 180 Salpa democratica 217 rosarium, Aplidium 100 Salpa democratica flagellifera 218 roseum, Lissoclinum 59 Salpa dolichosoma 212 rostrata, Brooksia 213 Salpa elongata 213 rostrata, Salpa 213 Salpa femoralis 214 rostrum, Polysyncraton 66 Salpa ferruginea 214 rota, Didemnum 45 Salpa floridana 211 rotifera, Botrylloides 173 Salpa forskalii 216 rottnesti, Didemnum 120 Salpa fusiformis 215 rotundatum, Amaroucium 120 Salpa gibba 214 rubens, Botryllus 176 Salpa hensenii 219 rubigo, Botryllus 176 Salpa herculea 219 rubitapum, Polysyncraton 66 Salpa hexagona 214 rubra, Symplegma 184 Salpa longicauda 218 rubricollis, Ecteinascidia 138, 139 Salpa magalhanica 213 rubricollum, Aplidium 100 Salpa maxima 215, 216 rubripunctum, Archidistoma 114 Salpa microstoma 217 rubrum, Botrylloides 173 Salpa mucronata 217 rubrum, Distoma 86, 87 Salpa multitentaculata 219 rufescens, Oikopleura 234 Salpa nitida 217 rufum, Polysyncraton 54 Salpa octophora 214 rufum, Pyrosoma 207 Salpa picteti 215 rufus, Leptoclinides 54 Salpa pinnata 211 rugosum, Polysyncraton 66 Salpa polycratica 216 runcinata, Salpa 215 Salpa punctata 213 rustica, Ascidia 159 Salpa pyramidalis 218 Salpa quadrata 214 sabulosa, Agnesia 124 Salpa radiata 219 sabulosa, Aplidiopsis 95 Salpa rhomboides 218 sabulosa, Ascidea 154 Salpa rostrata 213 sabulosa, Astropera 151 Salpa runcinata 215 sabulosa, Cynthia 198 Salpa scutigera 214 sabulosa, Molgula 149, 154 Salpa spinosa 217 sabulosa, Perophora 141 Salpa tilesii 219 sabulosa, Pseudodiazona 29 Salpa unicuspidata 217 sabulosum, Eudistoma 90 Salpa verrucosa 219 sabulosum, Polyclinum 101, 102 Salpa virgula 212 sacciformis, Cynthia 167 Salpa vivipara 214 sacciformis, Polycarpa 198 SALPIDAE 209 sacciformis, Pyura 167 SALPINAE 213 sacculum, Synoicum 106 sanderi, Cynthia 167 saccus, Botrylloides 175 sandersi, Gasterascidia 147

296 INDEX of TAXA sansibarica, Halocynthia 165 sigmilineata, Polycarpa 191 sarasinorum, Heterotrema 95 signifera, Sigillina 81 Sarcobotrylloides 173 signiferus, Polycitor 81 Sarcobotrylloides anceps 173 simile, Diplosoma 49 Sarcobotrylloides espevaerense 174 simile, Leptoclinum 49 Sarcobotrylloides jacksonianum 174 simplicigona, Polycarpa 188 Sarcobotrylloides pannosum 174 simulans, Polyandrocarpa 180 Sarcobotrylloides superbum 173 skeati, Hypurgon 35, 45 Sarcodidemnoides 35 sluiteri, Ecteinascidia 140 Sarcodidemnoides misakiense 35 sluiteri, Eudistoma 90 sargassi, Fritillaria 225 sluiteri, Polycarpa 195 sargassi, Fritillaria borealis 225 Sluiteria 138 saturnium, Polyclinum 101, 102 smaragdus, Botryllus 176 savignii, Didemnum 70 snakabri, Eudistoma 87 savignii, Trididemnum 70 sobria, Polycarpa 195 saxeum, Synoicum 106 sobria, Styela 195 scabra, Ascidia 130 sociabile, Tethyum 21 scaevola, Ascidia 129 Soestia 216 scaevola, Styelopsis 129 Soestia zonaria 216 Schizascus 135 solanoides, Cynthia 198 Schizascus papillosus 136 solida, Ecteinascidia (Rhopalopsis) 29 Schizascus pellucidus 135, 136 solidum, Aplidium 100 schlosseri, Alcyonium 175, 176 solidum, Psammaplidium 100 schlosseri, Botryllus 176 solomonensis, Ascidia 129 scobinum, Polysyncraton 66 solum, Polyclinum 102 scopi, Didemnum 45 solvens, Styela 193 scopulosum, Lissoclinum 59 Sorbera 147 scoresbiensis, Pyura 165 Sorbera digonas 148 scortea, Pyura 167 Sorbera unigonas 147 scutigera, Salpa 214 sordida, Ascidia 131 sedens, Sycozoa 81 sordida, Molgula 153 sedentarium, Pyrosoma 208 sordidum, Didemnum 45 seeligeri, Hexadactylus 147 spadix, Didemnum 45 seiziwadai, Sycozoa 82 sparsa, Botrylloides 174 seminudum, Rhodosoma 136 sparsa, Polyandrocarpa 180 seminudus, Leptoclinides 54 speciosa, Vexillaria 233 sente, Lissoclinum 59 sphaera, Molgula 154 seriata, Polycarpa 193 spiculatum, Trididemnum 120 sewelli, Cyclosalpa 211 spinifera, Ascidia 167 sewelli, Cyclosalpa pinnata 211 spinifera, Cynthia 159 sibogae, Didemnum 70 spinifera, Pyura 167 sibogae, Trididemnum 70 spinosa, Ascidie 168 Sidneioides 103 spinosa, Pyura 168 Sidneioides tamaramae 103 spinosa, Salpa 217 Sidnyum 95 spinosum, Pyrosoma 208 Sidnyum turbinatum 95 spinosum, Pyrostremma 208 sigillaria, Clavelina 113 spiralis, Molgula 153 Sigillina 79 spissa, Oikopleura 234 Sigillina australis 79, 80 spongiforme, Astellium 47 Sigillina caerulea 80 spongiforme, Psammaplidium 95 Sigillina cyanea 80 spongioides, Didemnum 45 Sigillina fantasiana 80 spongium, Lissoclinum 59 Sigillina grandissima 80 spumante, Didemnum 45 Sigillina mjobergi 80 spumosum, Didemnum 46 Sigillina nigra 80 spumosum, Trididemnum 71 Sigillina pulvinus 81 squamiger, Microcosmus 163 Sigillina signifera 81 squamiger, Microcosmus claudicans 163 Sigillinaria aurea 110 Stegosoma 234 sigillinoides, Sycozoa 81, 82 Stegosoma magnum 234

297 INDEX of TAXA

Stegosoma pellucidum 234 Styela lobata 187 stellatum, Lissoclinum 59 Styela longata 187 stellatus, Botryllus 175, 176 Styela mammiculata 197 stellifera, Cynthia 196 Styela marquesana 196 stephenensis, Polycarpa 199 Styela nutrix 189 Stereoclavella 24 Styela oligocarpa 187 Stereoclavella australis 25 Styela olitoria 193 stewartensis, Botryllus 177 Styela orbicularis 196 stimpsoni, Polycarpa 198 Styela papillata 193 stirpes, Polycarpa 195 Styela partita 196 Stolonica 182 Styela partita bermudiensis 196 Stolonica agnata 182 Styela pavementis 186 Stolonica aluta 182 Styela personata 187 Stolonica australis 182 Styela pinguis 197 Stolonica brevigastra 182 Styela plicata 170, 197 Stolonica carnosa 182 Styela procera 194 Stolonica diptycha 182 Styela psoloessa 189 Stolonica duploplicata 182 Styela radicosa 188 Stolonica nodula 183 Styela ramificata 190 Stolonica prolifera 182 Styela rectangularis 196 Stolonica reducta 183 Styela reducta 183 Stolonica styeliformis 183 Styela reniformis 194 Stolonica truncata 183 Styela sobria 195 stolonifera, Cnemidocarpa 188 Styela solvens 193 stolonifera, Cynthia 168 Styela stolonifera 188 stolonifera, Microcosmus 163 Styela thelyphanes 195 stolonifera, Pyura 156, 168 Styela variabilis 196 stolonifera, Styela 188 Styela whiteleggii 187 stoloniferus, Microcosmus 163 Styela (Polycarpa) phaula 193 Stomozoa 119 Styela (Polycarpa) pneumonodes 189 Stomozoa australiensis 118, 119 (Styela) asymmetron, Tethyum 185 Stomozoa bellissima 119 (Styela) godeffroyi, Tethyum 187 Stomozoa murrayi 119 STYELIDAE 170 STOMOZOIDAE 118 styeliformis, Stolonica 183 stragulum, Didemnum 46 STYELINAE 185 stubenrauchi, Cynthia 164 Styeloides abranchiata 193 Styela 195 Styelopsis scaevola 129 Styela albomarginata 192 stylifera, Distaplia 74, 78 Styela argentata 189 styliferum, Didemnium 78 Styela ascidioides 193 suarenum, Synoicum 106 Styela aurita 190 subarborensis, Polycitor 92 Styela barbaris 196 subfusca, Rhabdocynthia 160 Styela biforis 190 subfuscus, Chorizocormus 178 Styela canopoides 196 succida, Ascidia 144 Styela canopus 196 sucosum, Didemnum 46 Styela captiosa 193 sulawesi, Leptoclinides 54 Styela cerea 185 sulcata, Polycarpa 189 Styela circumarata 190 sulcatum, Didemnoides 58 Styela clava 197 sulcatus, Ascidia 161 Styela contecta 190 superbum, Sarcobotrylloides 173 Styela cryptocarpa 192 superlatum, Eudistoma 90 Styela esther 186 sycon, Didemnum 42 Styela etheridgii 188 Sycozoa 81 Styela exigua 198 Sycozoa brevicauda 81 Styela floccosa 186 Sycozoa cavernosa 81 Styela gyrosa 197 Sycozoa cerebriformis 81 Styela humilis 185 Sycozoa murrayi 82 Styela irene 186 Sycozoa pedunculata 82 Styela joannae 185 Sycozoa pulchra 82

298 INDEX of TAXA

Sycozoa sedens 81 Tectillaria 227 Sycozoa seiziwadai 82 Tectillaria fertilis 227 Sycozoa sigillinoides 81, 82 tectum, Trididemnum 71 Sycozoa tasmanoides 82 tegulum, Trididemnum 68 sydneiensis, Ascidia 129 tendata, Pyura 166 sydneyensis, Chorizocarpa 178 tenebra, Fritillaria 225 sydneyensis, Chorizocormus 178 tenebricosum, Didemnum 70 sydneyensis, Molgula 153, 154 tenella, Ascidia 22 symbioticum, Trididemnum 67 tenerum, Lissoclinum 66 Symplegma 183 tenuatum, Polyclinum 103 Symplegma arenosa 183 tenuicaulis, Colella 82 Symplegma bahraini 183 tenuis, Kowalevskia 228 Symplegma brakenhielmi 184 tenuis, Rhabdocynthia 160 Symplegma oceania 184 tenuis, Rhopalaea 30 Symplegma rubra 184 tenuis, Rhopalopsis 30 Symplegma teruakii 184 tereta, Fritillaria 226 Symplegma viride 183 ternatanum, Didemnoides 58 Synclavella 24 ternerratum, Didemnum 46 Synclavella lessoni 24 terranum, Polyclinum 103 (Synclavella) arafurensis, Clavelina 25 teruakii, Symplegma 184 Synoicum 103 tessellata, Cynthia 163 Synoicum angustum 104 testiculatum, Polysoma 57 Synoicum arenaceum 104 Tethyum 158 Synoicum atopogaster 104 Tethyum coriaceum 159 Synoicum bowerbanki 104 Tethyum papillosum 158, 159 Synoicum buccinum 104 Tethyum sociabile 21 Synoicum castellatum 104 Tethyum (Styela) asymmetron 185 Synoicum chrysanthemum 104 Tethyum (Styela) godeffroyi 187 Synoicum citrum 104 Tetradidemnum 35 Synoicum concavitum 105 Tetradidemnum gigas 35 Synoicum durum 106 tetraplexa, Ctenyura 158 Synoicum erectum 105 Tetrazona 90 Synoicum galei 105 textus, Polysyncraton 66 Synoicum intercedens 105 Thalia 217 Synoicum investum 101 Thalia cicar 217 Synoicum longistriatum 105 Thalia democratica 217 Synoicum macroglossum 105 Thalia longicauda 218 Synoicum obscurum 105 Thalia rhinoceros 218 Synoicum papilliferum 105 Thalia rhomboides 218 Synoicum prunum 105 thallomorpha, Polysyncraton 63 Synoicum sacculum 106 theca, Didemnum 46 Synoicum saxeum 106 thelyphanes, Polycarpa 195 Synoicum suarenum 106 thelyphanes, Styela 195 Synoicum tropicum 106 Thetys 218 Synoicum turgens 103 Thetys vagina 218, 219 Synstyela michaelseni 178 thilenii, Metandrocarpa 179 Syphonotethis 151 thompsoni, Ascidia 130 systematica, Gynandrocarpa 178 thomsoni, Colella 27 thurstoni, Ecteinascidia 140 tabascum, Aplidium 101 tigrum, Eudistoma 90 tabella, Pycnoclavella 114 tilesii, Salpa 219 tabulatum, Didemnum 46 timorense, Lissoclinum 60 tacita, Fritillaria 226 timorensis, Didemnum 60 tamaramae, Sidneioides 103 tincta, Michaelsenia 179 taratara, Lissoclinum 59 tinctor, Ascidia 195 tasmanense, Lissoclinum 59 tinctor, Polycarpa 195 tasmanensis, Cystodytes 59 tinctorella, Polycarpa 195 tasmanensis, Pyura 169 tokaraensis, Ecteinascidia 139 tasmanoides, Sycozoa 82 tokioka, Distaplia 78

299 INDEX of TAXA tokiokai, Distaplia 78 trigonis, Fritillaria 225 tomarahi, Trididemnum 71 tripartita, Cnemidocarpa 188 tonga, Didemnum 46 tritonis, Doliolum 204 tongaea, Pyura 165 tritonis, Monandrocarpa 188 tortugensis, Oikopleura 234 tropicum, Atopogaster 106 tortuosa, Ctenyura 158 tropicum, Diplosomoides 58 translucida, Ascidia 129 tropicum, Synoicum 106 translucida, Euherdmania 73 truncata, Ascidia 131 translucida, Polycitor 92 truncata, Stolonica 183 translucidum, Botrylloides 174 tsutsuii, Polyclinum 103 translucidum, Diplosoma 49 tuberatus, Botryllus 177 translucidum, Leptoclinum 49 tuberatus, Brevicollus 85 translucidus, Polycitor 92 tuberculata, Boltenia 168 Traustedtia 219 tuberculatus, Leptoclinides 55 Traustedtia multitentaculata 219 tuberculatus, Microcosmus 163 triangularis, Hartmeyeria 159 tubiporum, Atriolum 35 triangulum, Diplosomoides 60 tumida, Althoffia 232 triangulum, Lissoclinum 60 tumidum, Eudistoma 90 triangulum, Pyrosoma 207 tumulatum, Didemnum 46 trianularis, Ascidia 131 tumulus, Ascidia 144, 151 tribranchiata, Cnemidocarpa 188 turbinata, Ecteinascidia 138 tricuspidata, Biphora 215 turbinatum, Sidnyum 95 Trididemnum 66 turboensis, Distaplia 78 Trididemnum amiculum 67 turboja, Podocynthia 164 Trididemnum areolatum 67 turcica, Phallusia 135, 136 Trididemnum banneri 67 turcicum, Rhodosoma 134, 136 Trididemnum caelatum 67 turgens, Synoicum 103 Trididemnum clinides 67 turris, Polysyncraton 66 Trididemnum cristatum 67 turritum, Didemnum 42 Trididemnum crystallinum 70 tyreum, Botrylloides 174 Trididemnum cyclops 67 Trididemnum discrepans 67 umbellata, Colella 82 Trididemnum dispersum 68 umbrosus, Leptoclinides 55 Trididemnum farrago 68 unicuspidata, Salpa 217 Trididemnum inermum 70 unigonas, Sorbera 147 Trididemnum lapidosum 68 unilineata, Polycarpa 192 Trididemnum marmoratum 68 UNPLACED SPECIES 120, 144, 198 Trididemnum miniatum 68 usitatum, Didemnum 47 Trididemnum nobile 68 uteute, Aplidium 101 Trididemnum nubilum 69 uturoa, Didemnum 47 Trididemnum paraclinides 69 Trididemnum paracyclops 69 vagina, Thetys 218, 219 Trididemnum pigmentatum 69 vahatuio, Didemnum 47 Trididemnum planum 69 valborgi, Cnemidocarpa 186 Trididemnum pseudodiplosoma 69 valdivia, Cynthiopsis 164 Trididemnum pusillum 70 valdiviae, Cynthiopsis 168 Trididemnum reticulatum 70 valentinae, Corella 135 Trididemnum savignii 70 vancouverensis, Katatropa 196 Trididemnum sibogae 70 vanhoeffeni, Halocynthia 168 Trididemnum spiculatum 120 Vannamea 196 Trididemnum spumosum 71 Vannamea kurilensis 196 Trididemnum symbioticum 67 variabile, Lissoclinum 60 Trididemnum tectum 71 variabilis, Styela 196 Trididemnum tegulum 68 varians, Polycarpa 189 Trididemnum tomarahi 71 variegatus, Leptoclinides 55 Trididemnum vermiforme 69 variegatus, Microcosmus 162 triggiensis, Polyandrocarpa 181 varium, Leptoclinum 49 triggsense, Aplidium 101 vasculosa, Abyssascidia 127 triggsensis, Aplidium 101 vasculosum, Polyclinum 103

300 INDEX of TAXA velatum, Diplosoma 49 virescens, Botryllus 176 velifera, Oikopleura 234 virgula, Helicosalpa 212 velocita, Fritillaria 225 virgula, Salpa 212 venusta, Adagnesia 124 viride, Didemnum 47 venusta, Fritillaria 227 viride, Diplosoma 49 verdantum, Didemnum 47 viride, Leptoclinum 47 verecundum, Rhodosoma 136 viride, Symplegma 183 vermiforme, Trididemnum 69 viridis, Distaplia 78 verrilli, Echinoclinum 55 viridis, Eudistoma 81 verrucosa, Salpa 219 viridis, Polycarpa 195 verrucosum, Aplidium 176 viridis, Protobotryllus 178 versicolor, Diplosoma 49 viridiscens, Ascidia 21 vesperi, Didemnum 47 viscosum, Didemnum 47 Vexillaria 232 vitreum, Aplidium 94 Vexillaria flabellum 232, 233 vitta, Ecteinascidia 140 Vexillaria speciosa 233 (Vexillaria) cophocerca, Oikopleura 233 vivipara, Salpa 214 via, Didemnum 47 voeltzkowi, Didemnum 60 viarecta, Pyura 169 volvus, Leptoclinides 55 victoriense, Polysyncraton 120 vulgare, Didemnum 47 vinosa, Botrylloides 174 vulgare, Eudistoma 89 violacea, Monobotryllus 181 violacea, Polyzoa 181 watsonia, Polyandrocarpa 181 violaceus, Botryllus 176 Weelia 213 violaceus, Cystodytes 85 whiteleggii, Styela 187 violaceus, Monobotryllus 181 violatinctus, Botryllus 176 yezoensis, Distaplia 76 violetta, Distaplia 78 yolky, Didemnum 37 virens, Ascidia 21 Ypsilocarpa 185 virens, Diplosoma 49 virens, Leptoclinum 49 zonaria, Soestia 216 virescens, Ascidia 21 zonarium, Holothurium 216

301