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The Air Force in Facts and Figures

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The Air Force in Facts and Figures The Air Force in Facts and Figures ■ 2010 USAF Almanac Structure of the Force How the Air Force Is Organized There is considerable variation in Most Air Force units fall under a major nizational unit. USAF groups its power how the major commands and sub- command, which has broad functional projection and support forces into 10 ordinate units of the Air Force are responsibilities. Major commands may AEF “buckets of capability” operating organized. This overview describes be divided into numbered air forces. in five pairs. both the typical organization chain The fundamental unit of the working Initially, combat air forces (CAF) and USAF’s Air and Space Expedi- Air Force is the wing. An objective deployed for a 90-day AEF rotation, tionary Force. wing contains an operations group, with mobility air forces (MAF) and The Department of Defense (DOD) which includes aircrews, intelligence low-density, high-demand (LD/HD) is a Cabinet agency headed by the units, and others; a maintenance forces operating on longer deployments Secretary of Defense. It was created group, which includes maintenance as needed. In 2004, USAF went to a in 1947 to consolidate pre-existing squadrons; a mission support group, basic 120-day rotation, while LD/HD military agencies—the War Department which includes such functions as civil forces normally deployed for 180 days. and the Navy Department. Subordinate engineers, logistics readiness, and (USAF’s LD/HD forces, including battle to DOD are the three military depart- security forces; and a medical group. management, battlefield airmen, and ments (Army, Navy, and Air Force), Most airmen are assigned to a reconnaissance assets, are in near each headed by a civilian Secretary. squadron, which may comprise sev- constant use and rotate more frequently The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) eral flights. than most CAF and MAF elements.) constitute the corporate military leader- In addition to these units, there are In 2009, USAF began arraying its ship of DOD. The Chairman and vice others, including centers, field operating airmen in Tempo Bands with differ- chairman of the JCS serve full-time in agencies, and direct reporting units. ent deployment-to-dwell ratios. For their positions. The service Chiefs are instance, Tempo Band A, which serves the military heads of their respective Air and Space Expeditionary Force as the baseline group predominantly services, although JCS responsibilities To relieve chronic optempo problems for CAF forces, deploys for 120 days take precedence. stemming from back-to-back deploy- with a 1:4 ratio—four months deployed The Department of the Air Force ments and operations, the Air Force to 16 months dwell time. Tempo Bands B is headed by the Secretary of the Air developed an expeditionary concept through E operate on 180-day rotations, Force, who is supported by a staff initially called the Expeditionary Aero- each with its own deploy-to-dwell ratio: called the Secretariat. The Chief of space Force. The term EAF has since B at 1:4, C at 1:3, D at 1:2, and E at 1:1. Staff, USAF, heads the Air Staff, and the been supplanted by the term Air and Thus, an airman in Band C, for instance, military heads of the major commands Space Expeditionary Force (AEF). The would have a six-month deployment fol- report to the Chief of Staff. term AEF also refers to a basic orga- lowed by 18 months dwell time. ■ Current Air Force Leaders Date in Position Secretary of the Air Force Michael B. Donley Oct. 17, 2008 Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Norton A. Schwartz Aug. 12, 2008 Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force CMSAF James A. Roy June 30, 2009 36 AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2010 The Nation’s Air Arm and Its Early Leaders Designation Commander (at highest rank) Dates of Service Aeronautical Division, US Signal Corps Chief, Aeronautical Division Aug. 1, 1907-July 18, 1914 Capt. Charles deForest Chandler Aug. 1, 1907-June 30, 1910 Capt. Arthur S. Cowan July 1, 1910-June 19, 1911 Capt. Charles deForest Chandler June 20, 1911-Sept. 9, 1913 Maj. Samuel Reber Sept. 10, 1913-July 17, 1914 Aviation Section, US Signal Corps Chief, Aviation Section July 18, 1914-May 20, 1918 Lt. Col. Samuel Reber July 18, 1914-May 5, 1916 Lt. Col. George O. Squier May 20, 1916-Feb. 19, 1917 Lt. Col. John B. Bennet Feb. 19, 1917-June 30, 1917 Maj. Benjamin D. Foulois June 30, 1917-Nov. 12, 1917 Brig. Gen. Arthur I. Dade Nov. 12, 1917-Feb. 27, 1918 Col. Lawrence Brown Feb. 27, 1918-May 20, 1918 Division of Military Aeronautics, Secre- tary of War May 20, 1918-May 24, 1918 Director of Military Aeronautics May 20, 1918-August 1918 Maj. Gen. William L. Kenly (Kept same title three months into absorption by Air Service) Army Air Service May 24, 1918-July 2, 1926 Director of Air Service Aug. 28, 1918-Nov. 27, 1918 John D. Ryan Jan. 2, 1919-June 4, 1920 Maj. Gen. Charles T. Menoher Chief of Air Service June 4, 1920-Oct. 4, 1921 Maj. Gen. Charles T. Menoher Oct. 5, 1921-July 2, 1926 Maj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick Army Air Corps July 2, 1926-Sept. 18, 1947a Chief of Air Corps July 2, 1926-Dec. 13, 1927 Maj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick Dec. 14, 1927-Dec. 19, 1931 Maj. Gen. James E. Fechet Dec. 20, 1931-Dec. 21, 1935 Maj. Gen. Benjamin D. Foulois Dec. 22, 1935-Sept. 21, 1938 Maj. Gen. Oscar Westover Sept. 29, 1938-June 20, 1941 Maj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold Army Air Forces June 20, 1941-Sept. 18, 1947 Chief, Army Air Forces June 20, 1941-March 9, 1942 Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold Commanding General, AAF March 9, 1942-Feb. 9, 1946 Gen. of the Army Henry H. Arnold Feb. 9, 1946-Sept. 26, 1947 Gen. Carl A. Spaatz United States Air Force Sept. 18, 1947 The title General of the Army for Henry H. Arnold was changed to General of the Air Force by an act of Congress May 7, 1949. The position of Chief of Staff was established by a DOD-approved Army-Air Force Transfer Order issued Sept. 28, 1947. aThe Army Air Corps became a subordinate element of the Army Air Forces June 20, 1941. Since the Army Air Corps had been established by statute in 1926, its disestablish ment required an act of Congress, which did not take place until 1947. Between March 9, 1942, and Sept. 18, 1947, the Army Air Corps continued to exist as a combatant arm, and personnel of the Army Air Forces were still assigned to the Army Air Corps. AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2010 37 USAF Leaders Through the Years Secretaries of the Air Force USAF Vice Chiefs of Staff Stuart Symington Sept. 18, 1947 April 24, 1950 Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg Oct. 10, 1947 April 28, 1948 Thomas K. Finletter April 24, 1950 Jan. 20, 1953 Gen. Muir S. Fairchild May 27, 1948 March 17, 1950 Harold E. Talbott Feb. 4, 1953 Aug. 13, 1955 Lt. Gen. Lauris Norstad (acting) May 22, 1950 Oct. 9, 1950 Donald A. Quarles Aug. 15, 1955 April 30, 1957 Gen. Nathan F. Twining Oct. 10, 1950 June 29, 1953 James H. Douglas Jr. May 1, 1957 Dec. 10, 1959 Gen. Thomas D. White June 30, 1953 June 30, 1957 Dudley C. Sharp Dec. 11, 1959 Jan. 20, 1961 Gen. Curtis E. LeMay July 1, 1957 June 30, 1961 Eugene M. Zuckert Jan. 24, 1961 Sept. 30, 1965 Gen. Frederic H. Smith Jr. July 1, 1961 June 30, 1962 Harold Brown Oct. 1, 1965 Feb. 15, 1969 Gen. Willliam F. McKee July 1, 1962 July 31, 1964 Robert C. Seamans Jr. Feb. 15, 1969 May 14, 1973 Gen. John P. McConnell Aug. 1, 1964 Jan. 31, 1965 John L. McLucas (acting) May 15, 1973 July 18, 1973 Gen. William H. Blanchard Feb. 19, 1965 May 31, 1966 John L. McLucas July 18, 1973 Nov. 23, 1975 Lt. Gen. Hewitt T. Wheless (acting) June 13, 1966 July 31, 1966 James W. Plummer (acting) Nov. 24, 1975 Jan. 1, 1976 Gen. Bruce K. Holloway Aug. 1, 1966 July 31, 1968 Thomas C. Reed Jan. 2, 1976 April 6, 1977 Gen. John D. Ryan Aug. 1, 1968 July 31, 1969 John C. Stetson April 6, 1977 May 18, 1979 Gen. John C. Meyer Aug. 1, 1969 April 30, 1972 Hans Mark (acting) May 18, 1979 July 26, 1979 Gen. Horace M. Wade May 1, 1972 Oct. 31, 1973 Hans Mark July 26, 1979 Feb. 9, 1981 Gen. Richard H. Ellis Nov. 1, 1973 Aug. 18, 1975 Verne Orr Feb. 9, 1981 Nov. 30, 1985 Gen. William V. McBride Sept. 1, 1975 March 31, 1978 Russell A. Rourke Dec. 9, 1985 April 7, 1986 Gen. Lew Allen Jr. April 1, 1978 June 30, 1978 Edward C. Aldridge Jr. (acting) April 8, 1986 June 8, 1986 Gen. James A. Hill July 1, 1978 Feb. 29, 1980 Edward C. Aldridge Jr. June 9, 1986 Dec. 16, 1988 Gen. Robert C. Mathis March 1, 1980 May 31, 1982 James F. McGovern (acting) Dec. 16, 1988 April 29, 1989 Gen. Jerome F. O’Malley June 1, 1982 Oct. 5, 1983 John J. Welch Jr. (acting) April 29, 1989 May 21, 1989 Gen. Lawrence A. Skantze Oct. 6, 1983 July 31, 1984 Donald B. Rice May 22, 1989 Jan. 20, 1993 Gen. Larry D. Welch Aug. 1, 1984 July 31, 1985 Michael B. Donley (acting) Jan. 20, 1993 July 13, 1993 Gen. John L. Piotrowski Aug. 1, 1985 Jan. 31, 1987 Gen. Merrill A. McPeak (acting) July 14, 1993 Aug.
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