Kalmár Ádám – Results of the Joint Operations
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Act Cciii of 2011 on the Elections of Members Of
Strasbourg, 15 March 2012 CDL-REF(2012)003 Opinion No. 662 / 2012 Engl. only EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) ACT CCIII OF 2011 ON THE ELECTIONS OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT OF HUNGARY This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-REF(2012)003 - 2 - The Parliament - relying on Hungary’s legislative traditions based on popular representation; - guaranteeing that in Hungary the source of public power shall be the people, which shall pri- marily exercise its power through its elected representatives in elections which shall ensure the free expression of the will of voters; - ensuring the right of voters to universal and equal suffrage as well as to direct and secret bal- lot; - considering that political parties shall contribute to creating and expressing the will of the peo- ple; - recognising that the nationalities living in Hungary shall be constituent parts of the State and shall have the right ensured by the Fundamental Law to take part in the work of Parliament; - guaranteeing furthermore that Hungarian citizens living beyond the borders of Hungary shall be a part of the political community; in order to enforce the Fundamental Law, pursuant to Article XXIII, Subsections (1), (4) and (6), and to Article 2, Subsections (1) and (2) of the Fundamental Law, hereby passes the following Act on the substantive rules for the elections of Hungary’s Members of Parliament: 1. Interpretive provisions Section 1 For the purposes of this Act: Residence: the residence defined by the Act on the Registration of the Personal Data and Resi- dence of Citizens; in the case of citizens without residence, their current addresses. -
S. Transdanubia Action Plan, by Pécs-Baranya, HU
Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) contribution to Cultural and Creative Tourism (CCT) in Europe Action Plan for South Transdanubia, Hungary ChamMap of partnerber of are Commercea / Partner info and Industry of Pécs- Baranya May 2021 Cultural and Creative Industries contribution to Cultural and Creative Tourism in Europe _________________________ © Cult-CreaTE Project Partnership and Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Pécs-Baranya, Hungary This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Cult-CreaTE Project Management and Coordination Unit and the respective partner: Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Pécs-Baranya Citation: Interreg Europe Project Cult-CreaTE Action Plan Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Pécs- Baranya, Hungary The Cult-CreaTE Project Communications unit would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this action plan as a source, sent to e-mail: [email protected] Disclaimer This document has been prepared with the financial support of Interreg Europe 2014-2020 interregional cooperation programme. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Pécs-Baranya and in no way reflect the views of the Cult-CreaTE partnership, the European Union institutions, nor the Managing Authority of the Programme. Any reliance or action taken based on the information, materials and techniques described within this document are the responsibility of the user. -
AMAZON of EUROPE BIKE TRAIL Output 3.1 Socio-Economic Analysis of Tourism Potentials
AMAZON OF EUROPE BIKE TRAIL Output 3.1 Socio-economic analysis of tourism potentials Project co-funded by the European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) DTP2-002-2.2 AOE BIKE TRAIL Project co-funded by the European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) Project AoE Bike Trail, DTP2-002-2.2 Work package: WP3: Product development Output Output 3.1 Socio-economic analysis of tourism potentials Authors Anja Krajnik, Urška Dolinar, Tatjana Marn Institution Iskriva, Institute for Development of Local Potentials Date April 2019 Project co-funded by the European Union funds (ERDF, IPA) Acknowledgment We would like to thank all participants who actively contributed with their inputs and comments during preparation of the Socio-economic analysis of tourism potentials of the Amazon of Europe area: Municipality of Velika Polana (Damijan Jaklin, Nina Lebar) WWF Austria (Stefanie Edelmüller, Arno Mohl) Trail Angels (Günter Mussnig, Rudi Trinko) Tourism Association Bad Radkersburg (Belinda Schagerl-Poandl, Christian Contola) Tourism Board Međimurje (Petra Murković, Iva Vurušić Mađarić, Rudi Grula) Public instituton for nature protection of Virovitca-Podravina County (Tatjana Arnold Sabo, Sabina Hranic, Antun Damjan) Public Institution County Development Agency of Osijek-Baranja County (Adela Sadiković, Ivana Kišćinal) Koprivnica Križevci County (Vladimir Šadek, Emilija Cvelber, Snježana Babok Grgić) WWF Adria (Ivana Korn Varga, Ana Kuzmanić, Lana Jurić) West-Pannon RDA Ltd. (Ádám Bolyós, Máté Deák, Tibor Polgár, Bejczy Delinke) Balaton-felvidéki Natonal Park Directorate (Csaba -
Cross-Border Bike Project, and Entitled for Funding in the IPA Hungary-Croatia Cross-Border Cooperation Program
Hungary-Croatia IPA Cross-border Co-operation Programme 2007-2013 PROJECT PARTNER: HUNGARY-CROATIA IPA CROSS-BORDER PÉCS URBAN CO-OPERATION PROGRAM 2007-2013 DEVELOPMENT COMPANY Cross -border Bike Project BICYCLE TOURISM HUHR/1101/1.2.2/1004 Development of Pécs- Osijek-Antunovac- Ivanovac biking route 1 Contents 1.Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 3 2. The description of the project ............................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Aims .............................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2. Expected results, the position of the project in the International Bicycle Network ................... 8 3. Bicycle tourism .................................................................................................................................. 11 3.1. Bicycle and tourism worldwide .................................................................................................. 11 3.2. Bicycle tourism along the borders .............................................................................................. 15 3.3. Cycling and tourism within the framework of the IPA projects ................................................. 17 3.4. Bicycle and tourism in Baranya and Pécs .................................................................................. 19 3.5. -
Place Names in Romani and Bayash Communities in Hungary1
ONOMÀSTICA 6 (2020): 191-215 | RECEPCIÓ 27.10.2019 | ACCEPTACIÓ 15.1.2020 Place names in Romani and Bayash communities in Hungary1 Mátyás Rosenberg Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [email protected] Gábor Mikesy Lechner Knowledge Centre [email protected] Andrea Bölcskei Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary [email protected] Abstract: Research into Romani and Bayash toponyms in Hungary lags significantly behind the study of the place names of other minorities, a fact attributable to the only relatively recent appearance of Romani Studies and a number of other historical factors. Among the latter, it should be borne in mind that Romani and Bayash communities only became the dominant populations in certain areas of Hungary in the last few decades and that the standard written versions of the Romani and Bayash linguistic varieties are still being formed. This study describes the main features of the ethnic and linguistic divisions of the Roma communities in Hungary; the problems of Romani and Bayash literacy; and initial attempts at collecting Romani and Bayash toponyms in the country. Although an elaborate, widely used system of Romani and Bayash settlement names exists, the collection and analysis of the microtoponyms is hindered by the fact that the settlement of the Roma population is only a fairly recent event and that the communities have not typically been involved in agriculture, an occupation much more closely associated with the use of these names. This paper provides, for the first time, a summary of the results of several toponymic field studies conducted in Hungary’s Romani and Bayash communities. -
PROFECY – Processes, Features and Cycles of Inner Peripheries in Europe
PROFECY – Processes, Features and Cycles of Inner Peripheries in Europe (Inner Peripheries: National territories facing challenges of access to basic services of general interest) Applied Research Final Report Annex 12 Case Study Report Tamási járás (Hungary) Version 07/12/2017 This report is one of the deliverables of the PROFECY project. This Applied Research Project is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Katalin Kovács, Gergely Tagai, MTA KRTK (Hungary) Krisztina Magócs, Lechner Knowledge Center (Hungary) Advisory Group Project Support Team: Barbara Acreman and Zaira Piazza (Italy), Eedi Sepp (Estonia), Zsolt Szokolai, European Commission. ESPON EGTC: Marjan van Herwijnen (Project Expert), Laurent Frideres (HoU E&O), Ilona Raugze (Director), Piera Petruzzi (Outreach), Johannes Kiersch (Financial Expert). Acknowledgements Annamária Uzzoli, MTA KRTK (Hungary), Anna Hamar, MTA KRTK (Hungary) Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2017 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. -
Land Reform and the Hungarian Peasantry C. 1700-1848
Land Reform and the Hungarian Peasantry c. 1700-1848 Robert William Benjamin Gray UCL Thesis submitted for a PhD in History, 2009 1 I, Robert William Benjamin Gray, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 25th September 2009 2 Abstract This thesis examines the nature of lord-peasant relations in the final stages of Hungarian seigneurialism, dating roughly from 1700 to the emancipation of the peasantry in 1848. It investigates how the terms of the peasants’ relations with their lords, especially their obligations and the rights to the land they farmed, were established, both through written law and by customary practice. It also examines how the reforms of this period sought to redefine lord-peasant relations and rights to landed property. Under Maria Theresa land reform had been a means to protect the rural status quo and the livelihood of the peasantry: by the end of the 1840s it had become an integral part of a liberal reform movement aiming at the complete overhaul of Hungary’s ‘feudal’ social and economic system. In this period the status of the peasantry underpinned all attempts at reform. All reforms were claimed to be in the best interests of the peasantry, yet none stemmed from the peasants themselves. Conversely, the peasantry had means to voice their grievances through petitions and recourse to the courts, and took the opportunity provided by the reforms to reassert their rights and renegotiate the terms of their relations to their landlords. -
Elemér Boreczky, Phd, Hungary Course Description CENTRAL
Elemér Boreczky, PhD, Hungary Course description CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE ARCHEOLOGY OF CULTURE What do cultural monuments tell us about reclaiming the lost inheritance of European culture in the” less known” lands of the former Kingdom of Hungary, now integrated into the nation states of Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Austria? In an attempt to give a tentative answer to this question, the course reveals various layers of culture behind cultural monuments. It uses the frame of reference of cultural studies, especially that of regional studies, which have evolved as an independent field the former. Regional studies have also contributed to the emergence of recent interest in re-interpreting travelogues that have played a role in “re-inventing Eastern-Europe” by Western travelers 300 years after “Ungaria,” “Polonia,” Grecia,” and “Germania” had been demarcated as four of the nine political entities on the map of Europe made by Pope Pius II, the first person to think of the continent as a political-cultural entity by that name. However, by the time of the American and French Revolution, “Ungaria,” “Polonia,” and “Grecia” had been virtually erased from the map, and re-emerged as small nation states in the 19th century. Students have the opportunity to learn, and make use of, the skill of “reading the landscape” by identifying a cultural scene within a broader cultural field and find meaning in the various artifacts that capture the attention of the traveler, the reader of literature, the art movie fan, or the music lover, let alone politicians and business people with vested interests in the region. -
TOWN PRESENTATION – BÓLY Bóly Is Located in the South-Western Part of Baranya County, in the Pécs-Mohács-Villány Triangle
TOWN PRESENTATION – BÓLY Bóly is located in the south-western part of Baranya County, in the Pécs-Mohács-Villány triangle, in the heart of a fundamentally agriculture- oriented region. The innovative investment promotion policy of the municipality has created one of the first and still largest industrial parks in the county. Thanks to continuous developments – expansion of the area, utilization of renewable energy, construction of rentable halls – and favourable logistics conditions, by now the small town has developed into a micro-regional centre that attracts many industries. Transport and logistics Bóly is located between the Villány and Mecsek Mountains at the meeting point of the hilly region enclosing streams and valleys and the flat floodplain of the Danube. The fertile lands of the area are typically used for arable crop production. The transport conditions of the small town are very favourable. Pécs, the county seat, is only 30 km away: it can be reached on both road no. 57 and motorway M60. Both roads are safe and in good condition. The M60 junction is right next to the town, the expressway network can be accessed essentially in just a couple of minutes. The river port of Mohács is 15 km away, while the distance to the border crossing at Udvar and then Croatia is only 20 km. With the construction of the currently missing section of motorway M6 between Bóly and Ivándárda, and the completion of the connection leading to Osijek on the other side of the border, logistical conditions will further improve once a direct expressway connection is established with Croatia. -
Calvary of the Germans in Hungary at the End of WWII Eleonóra MATKOVITS-KRETZ National Circle from Pécs-Baranya of the Germans of Hungary
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS SAPIENTIAE, EUROPEAN AND REGIONAL STUDIES, 7 (2015) 51–59 DOI: 10.1515/auseur-2015-0005 Calvary of the Germans in Hungary at the end of WWII Eleonóra MATKOVITS-KRETZ National Circle from Pécs-Baranya of the Germans of Hungary Abstract. The German community in Hungary suffered many blows at the end of World War II and after it, on the basis of collective guilt. Immediately after the Red Army had marched in, gathering and deportation started into the camps of the Soviet Union, primarily into forced-labour camps in Donetsk, the Caucasus, and the Ural mountains. One third of them never RETURNED4HOSELEFTBEHINDHADTOFACEFORCEDRESETTLEMENT THECONlSCATION of their properties, and other ordeals. Their history was a taboo subject until the change of the political system in 1989. Not even until our days, by the 70th anniversary of the events, has their story reached a worthy place in national and international remembrance. International collaboration, the establishment of a research institute is needed to set to rights in history the story of the ordeal of the German community after World War II, for the present and future generations. Keywords: Malenkey robot, Soviet lager, deportation, labour camp, prisoners of war, relocation, collective guilt, Swabian Holocaust, Germans from Hungary, forced migration Mission of the Association Pécs-Baranya Ethnic Circle of Germans in Hungary Our association was founded in 1991. Its main aim is the representation of interests and the research of the true history of the German national minorities. -
Examples for Hazards on Cultural Heritage Sites and Ideas for Better
International Conference Pécs, 12th September 2018 Examples for hazards on cultural heritage sites and ideas for better preparation the safeguarding of monuments of Baranya county C / District Office of Pécs/ Krisztián Szigetvári PhD – monument supervisor EXAMPLES FOR HAZARDS ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES … What can happen/what has happened? I. Natural disasters (climate change, global warming, etc.) II. Man-made disasters (artificial hazards) III. Historical and nowadays examples for the catastrophes Present situation – heritage at risk and risk management What can we do in the cultural heritage aerea? - Prevention & Maintenance - Collection of data: Documentation & Inventarization - Elaboration: Digitalization & Digital compatibility - Information-network: Sharing the database TAKING COOPERATION FORWARD 2 EXAMPLES FOR HAZARDS ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES … Natural disasters Man-made disasters (The four elements) (The human factor) 1. Fire 1. Fire-raising (arson) 2. Floodwater and tsunami 2. Flooding 3. Earthquake and erosion 3. Blowing-up (explosion) 4. Tornado and typhoon 4. Air pollution 5. Lack of maintenance 6. Ageing 7. Carelessness 8. Forgetfulness 9. War & terror etc. TAKING COOPERATION FORWARD 3 EXAMPLES FOR HAZARDS ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES … Historical examples for natural disasters TAKING COOPERATION FORWARD 4 EXAMPLES FOR HAZARDS ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES … Historical examples – the Great Flood Protection: ??? – maybe with Noah’s Ark TAKING COOPERATION FORWARD 5 EXAMPLES FOR HAZARDS ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES … Historical examples -
Hungarian Roma and Gypsy Communities Gypsy Studies
Gypsy Studies – Cigány Tanulmányok Society and Lifestyles – Hungarian Roma and Gypsy Communities Gypsy Studies – Cigány Tanulmányok 23. Forray R. Katalin, Beck Zoltán, ed. Society and Lifestyles – Hungarian Roma and Gypsy Communities University of Pécs, Faculty of Humanities, Institute of Education, Department of Romology and Sociology of Education PÉCS, 2008. This volume was published as part of the research project of Society and Lifestyles. Published by University of Pécs, Faculty of Humanities, Institute of Education, Department of Romology and Sociology of Education • 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság str. 6. • Publisher: Forray R. Katalin • Editor: Cserti Csapó Tibor • Editors: Forray R. Katalin, Beck Zoltán • Lecturer: Sári B. László • Cover art: Ofszet Hungária Kft. • Printed by Ofszet Hungária Kft. Pécs, Szabadság str. 28. • Director: Takács Imre • Printed in 100 copies • ISBN: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx • ISSN: 1586–6262 Content Katalin R. Forray – Society and Lifestyles . .7 Roma nation in the Hungarian society . 14 Research methodology and questionnaire design . .19 Pálmainé Orsós Anna – Issues of Beas language teaching and language planning in Hungary . 21 1. Gypsies in Hungary . 21 2. Gypsy languages in Hungary . 26 3. Gypsy languages in school education . 28 4. Summary . 35 Works Cited . 37 Lakatos Szilvia – Gypsy languages in Baranya County . .43 Introduction . 43 1. Gypsy language or Gypsy languages?. 45 2. The language status of the Gypsy/Roma minority . 49 3. Linguistic attitudes . 55 4. The linguistic features of the Gypsy/Roma community in the city of Pécs. 58 5. Language politics: minority language rights . 59 Summary . 61 Works Cited . 62 Aranka Varga – Gypsy children in education – inclusive school based on cooperation . .66 Introduction .