Satellite Laser Ranging Tracking Through the Years 5,400 (1) G SWARM (3 Satellites) GP-B 1,510 (1) G KOMPSAT-5 Carey Noll 760 (1) G IRNSS (Mult

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GFZ-1 ERS-2 Meteor-2-21/Fizeau RESURS-01-3 TiPS ADEOS-1 Zeia GFO-1 WESTPAC Sunsat CHAMP STARSHINE-3 LRE Jason-1 Meteor-3M Envisat GRACE ADEOS-2 ICESat LARETS Re ector GFZ-1 Re ector

Year 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 G ICESat-2 GLONASS D G Sentinel-3B 3046 D G Jason-3 D G Sentinel-3A SpinSat Satellite Laser Ranging Tracking Through the Years 5,400 (1) G SWARM (3 satellites) GP-B 1,510 (1) G KOMPSAT-5 Carey Noll 760 (1) G IRNSS (mult. sats.) 140 (1) STPSat-2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD, USA OICETS Year 155 (1) STSAT-2C GPS-36 MSTI-2 6,660 (2) D G SARAL 155 (1) ZY-3

22,200 (2) LARES GIOVE-A 14,900 (3) G Galileo (mult. sats.) Satellites equipped with retrore ectors 12,950 (2) D R HY-2A have been tracked by laser systems since 20 (3) Radioastron Meteor-3-6/PRARE 1964. Satellite laser ranging supports a 1,670 (4) G QZS-1 ALOS variety of geodetic, earth sensing, 15,800 (4) G TanDEM-X navigation, and space science applications. GPS-35 20,200 (4) D G CryoSat-2

This poster will show the history of satellite ANDE-RR Active 585 (1) G PROBA-2 laser ranging from the late 1960’s through 10,255 (4) the present and will include BLITS retro-equipped satellites on the horizon. 720 (1) ANDE-Castor 315 (1) ANDE-Pollux Stella Satellite Type: R LRO-LR Geodetic 4,120 (5) G GOCE

Earth Sensing ANDE-RR Passive 165 (1) G SOHLA Navigation 58,050 (6) D G Jason-2 Space Science 3,610 (4) G GIOVE-B Satellite Co-Location: 25,100 (7) G TerraSAR-X 10,900 (7) G COMPASS (mult. sats.) G GNSS Receiver 780 (3) D DORIS Beacon ETS-8

P PRARE Instrument 665 (1) ANDE-RR Passive ETS-8 TOPEX LAGEOS-2 Co-Located Instrument Failure 450 (1) ANDE-RR Active 110 (1) R ALOS 5,020 (8) G GIOVE-A Tracking Restrictions: COMPASS R Restricted 525 (3) OICETS 3,170 (2) G R GP-B Data: 47,800 (11) LARETS # Number of Passes (start–Oct. 2014) 9,360 (7) G R ICESat LRO-LR GOCE SOHLA Jason-2 GIOVE-B TerraSAR-X () Number of Years Tracked by SLR 175 (1) ADEOS-2 60,330 (12) D

Etalon-2 ERS-1 Envisat 38,300 (12) G GRACE-B 38,4550 (12) G GRACE-A Satellite Name Satellite 3,730 (5) Re ector 1,810 (4) G Meteor-3M

Etalon-1 89,385 (12) D G Jason-1 80 (1) LRE Start of the ILRS 50 (2) Today STARSHINE-3 17,575 (10) G CHAMP 1,810 (2) SUNSAT Ajisai 5,615 (10) WESTPAC 46,340 (11) G GFO-1 150 (1) ZEIA 760 (1) ADEOS-1 1,855 (2) TIPS

LAGEOS-1 2,035 (3) RESURS 4,840 (3) Meteor-2-21/FIZEAU 85,990 (18) G ERS-2 5,230 (4) GFZ-1 173,200 (21) G GLONASS (mult. sats.)

GEOS-3 40 (1) MSTI-2 NESSt2 Blits STSat-2A ANDE 11,900 (21) G GPS-36 6,395 (2) P Meteor-3/PRARE 10,100 (20) G GPS-35 101,500 (21) Stella 154,500 (22) LAGEOS-2 109,765 (14) D G

Starlette TOPEX 26,640 (10) P ERS-1 32,300 (25) Etalon-2 34,100 (25) Etalon-1 238,000 (28) Ajisai Moon 228,200 (38) LAGEOS-1 2,225 (3) 2,225 (2) GEOS-3 PROBA-2 192,230 (38) Year Starlette 1969 7,400 (46) Moon (5 arrays) 2,655 (1) DIADEM-1D

DIADEM-1D 2,435 (1) DIADEM-1C CryoSat-2 1965 105,320 (28) Beacon-C 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Year DIADEM-1C TanDEM-X Beacon-C

Beacon-C ICESat-2 Jason-3 Sentinel-3 SpinSat SWARM KOMPSAT-5 IRNSS-1A SARAL STSat-2C LARES ZY-3 Galileo HY-2A RadioAstron STPSat-2 QZS-1 TanDEM-X Photos from ILRS website and courtesy of NASA, AFRL, AVISO, Ball Aerospace, CNES, EOS, ESA, GFZ, S. Grahn, IPIE, ISRO, JAXA, KAIST, KARI, Lavochkin Association, NOAA, NRL, SHAO, Stanford University, Stellenbosch University, USNO 10/22/2014