India’s Evolving Cooperation with Space Agencies in Europe
Imtiaz Ali Khan Counsellor (Space) & ISRO Technical Liaison ESPI Evening event Officer, 1 February, 2017 Embassy of India, Paris Vienna, Austria Outline of presentation
Facets of Indian Space Programme
Objectives of International Cooperation
Cooperation through multi-lateral fora
UN treaties and Space policy
Space Cooperation with Europe
Scope of Activities
Some specific examples
Potential areas for future cooperation The Facets of Indian Space programme
(1962 INCOSPAR; • Initiated in 1960’s – Space 1969 ISRO; 1972 - Space Commission & – Exploration DOS) Space • 3 National committees coordinate Satellite Navigation Commerce space system establishment and applications: • INSAT Coordination Committee (ICC) Advanced Planning Committee on National Satellite • Communicat Space Natural Resources Management System ions Systems (PC-NNRMS) • Advisory Committee for Space Sciences (ADCOS) Earth Launch Vehicles • Completed 137 missions (54LV + 80SC) Observation
• US$ 1.1 Billion budget Space • 35 satellites in orbit Applications • Launched 74 satellites from 21 countries VISION Harness space technology for national development, while pursuing space science research and planetary exploration Objectives of International Cooperation • Share the expertise for meeting the National needs • Prepare for Scientific and technological challenges • Enable an environment for sustainable and peaceful uses of outer space • Assistance to other developing countries • Addressing global concerns • Strengthening the political relations and mutual trust
Declaration on climate change
…. While respecting international treaties and guidelines Cooperation through multi-lateral fora • India is a founding member of UNCOPUOS • UNISPACE - Dr Vikram Sarabhai, Prof. Yashpal, Prof U.R.Rao • Joined the Hague Code of Conduct and MTCR in 2016 • Active member of IADC, CGMS, CEOS, GEO, ICG, ISECG, South Asian satellite IAF, IAA, IISL, COSPAR, BRICS and International Charter • Regional cooperation – APRSAF, Sentinel Asia, ASEAN space cooperation, Weather observation network, South Asian satellite • Signatory to all UN treaties on space
UN/India Workshop UN Treaties and Space policy
• Outer Space treaty – Signed in 1967 and ratified in 1982 • Rescue agreement and Liability Convention – Accession in 1979 • Registration Convention – Accession in 1982 • Moon Agreement – Signature in 1982 Toulouse Space Show
• Indian space programme is a civilian initiative with major emphasis on societal and developmental aspects. • Satcom Policy 2000, Remote sensing data policy 2011 • Industry Participation Policy 2001 and other policies Bengaluru Space • Formulation of National Space Act – In progress Expo
Evolution of cooperation with Europe
2010s 1960s
BILATERALAGREEEMENTS Bulgaria, ESA, EUMETSAT, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, UK, Ukraine
2000s
1970s
1980s 1990s Space Cooperation with Europe
• Long standing, reliable, mutually beneficial and time tested • Multi-dimensional – Scientific, Industrial, Capacity building • Main partners – CNES, EUMETSAT, DLR, ESA, ASI, UKSA... • Large focus on earth observation and applications • Commercial launches by Arianespace/PSLV
Drawing from Evolution Complementary European expertise partnership HYLAS satellite (2010)
APPLE satellite (1981) SARAL satellite (2013) Scope of activities (1/2)
Activity Achieved/ On-going
Joint missions • France (Megha-Tropiques, SARAL)
Payload • UK, Germany, Sweden, Bulgaria accommodation (Chandrayaan-1)
• Germany (MEOSS, MOS)
• Italy (ROSA) Megha-Tropiques Ground station • Svalbard (Norway) support • Tromso (Norway)
Sharing of Earth • Europe/EUMETSAT (Meteorogical & observation data Oceanographic data)
• Europe (Resourcesat-2) Tromso station Scope of activities (2/2)
EO experiments • Germany (Airborne Campaign)
• France (Ka-band propagation)
Capacity Building • UN affiliated CSSTEAP • Indian Institute of Remote Sensing DMC3 SSTL, UK Disaster • International Charter, UNSPIDER, Management COSPAR-SARSAT Support
DELFI – C3 Commercial satellite • SPOT-6, SPOT-7, INSAT/GSAT NETHERLANDS launches satellites, BIRD, AGILE, PROBA… Bilateral • ISRO-DLR Workshop (2015) meetings/workshops • Quality Workshop for ISRO at CNES (2016) GSAT-15 INDIA
SARAL Satellite with ARgos and ALtika A joint ISRO-CNES (France) Mission Launched in 2013 Payloads from CNES Over 20 Indian & 18 French Institutions Satellite Bus and Launch by ISRO participated in the Science Activities Joint Science Investigations
Payloads: AltiKa/SARAL Science Objective :
• ARGOS: Satellite based Data Collection • Ocean meso-scale variability: Sea state System (DCS) Monitoring
• ALTIKA: Altimetric measurements in Ka • Data assimilation: Sea state forecast Band • Coastal altimetry: Bathymetry, coastal ALTIKA Payload includes: upwelling & circulations • Ka-band Altimeter • Operational oceanography, • Radiometer (24/37 GHz) - for tropospheric • Inland ice sheet monitoring, correction • Light rainfall and clouds climatology • Laser Retro-reflector Array & DORIS- • Mean sea level for orbitography and system calibration • Geophysical and geological studies Megha Tropiques A joint ISRO-CNES (France) Mission Launched in 2011 Payloads: Meghatropiques Utilization • Precipitation and Cloud properties MADRAS MT Utilisation Plan addresses • 89 &157 GHz : ice particles in cloud • tops meteorology and Atmospheric • 10, 18 &37 GHz: Cloud Liquid Water and aspects (Weather & Climate) precipitation; Sea Surface Wind speed • Enhances understanding of • 23 GHz : Integrated water vapour cloud characteristics and precipitation in Tropics SAPHIR • Water vapour profile • Improved Monsoon forecasts • Six atmospheric layers up to 12 km height • 15 National Institutions and • 10 km Horizontal Resolution CNES, JAXA, NASA & ESA are SCARAB prepared to use the data (GPM) • Outgoing fluxes at TOA • 40 km Horizontal Resolution ISRO-ESA Cooperation
• Cooperative agreement in 1993, renewed in 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2016
• Areas for cooperation - Earth observation, space science and exploration
• In 2009 – Cooperation enhanced to earth science and climate studies
• Worked together on Chandrayaan-1 mission
• Commercial satellite development and launch opportunities
• Procurement activities through European industries
• ISRO looking forward to an agreement for Sentinel data reception.
• Tracking of navigation satellites.
• Last meeting between agency heads in October, 2016 and meetings at IAC
• Discussions on future exploration missions ISRO-DLR Cooperation
• Balloon flights for measuring ozone depletion – 1970s and 1980s
• Sounding rocket experiments for studying ionosphere
• Joint research and development – software, data processing
• Partnership in satellite missions BIROS satellite
• Airborne campaigns using E-SAR system
• Joint development of electronics
• Sensor calibration and satellite operations
• Modeling and simulation studies
• 10 German satellites (7 nano and 3 micro) have been launched by PSLV. Launch of EnMAP (810kg) is scheduled for 2019.
• Ground station support at Neustrelitz, Germany
• New areas identified in ISRO-DLR Workshop and HTPG meeting. ISRO-EUMETSAT Cooperation
• Signed an agreement of cooperation in 2000
• Renewed in 2003, 2008 and 2014 with enhanced scope
• Exchange real time data and products from meteorological satellites
• Met. data from ISRO – INSAT, Oceansat, Megha-Tropiques, SARAL
• Prime data processing and dissemination at Shadnagar, Hyderabad
• Alternate processing chain at EUMETSAT, Darmstadt
• Data products received in India through EUMETCAST
• INSAT-3DR data made available in 2016
• Scatsat data made available
• Regular bilateral meetings, CGMS meetings and teleconferences Potential areas for future Cooperation
• Thermal Infra-red mission • Argos payload on Oceansat satellite • RISAT-1 satellite data calibration and validation with Italy • Commercial launch of satellites • Partnership between IIST and EPFL Switzerland • Industrial collaboration with European industries • Harmonizing issues of national space legislation • Coordination on space security and sustainability • Space exploration missions • Futuristic projects – similar to ITER, CERN…