s£ ,

~rcgreologital ~nstifutt of ~mtrira.

NINTH ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE MANAGING COMMITTEE

OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT .

( Bitb tbe hteports of

CHARLES WALDSTEIN, PH.D., LITT.D., L.H.D., Director, AND S. STANHOPE ORRI.S, PH.D., L.H.D., Annual Director.

J

CAMBRIDGE : JOHN WILSON AND SON. mnillttSit!! :@tess. ~ttgreologiral ~nstitutt of ~mtrira.

NINTH ANNUAL REPORT

O F THE

lVIAN AGING COMMITTEE

OF TH E

AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS.

Bitb tbe ltrports of

C HARLES WALDSTEIN, Pn.D., L ITT.D., L.H.D., D in rtor, A N D S. STANHOPE ORRI S, Pn.D., L.H.D., Auuunl Dh·rrtor.

CAMBRIDGE: JOHN WILSON . AND SON. l'llni'oersitg '@rtss. 1890. AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS. ( ... --- ;il:J!lanaging (!i;ommittee.

1889-90.

A THOMAS D. SEYMOUR (Chairman), Yale University, New Haven, . { Conn. H. M. BAIRD, University of the City of , New York c, y. I. T. BECKWITH, Trinity College, Hartford, Conn.

FRANCIS BROWN, Union Theological Seminary, 1200 Park Ave ., . J\lliss A. C. CHAPIN, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass. MARTIN L. D'OoGE, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. HENRY DRISLER, Columbia College, 48 West 46th St., New York City. 0. M. FER NALD, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass. A. F. FLEET, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo. BASIL L. GILDERSLEEVE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

I WILLIAM W. GoODW IN, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. I ' WILLIAM G. HALE, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. J ALBERT HARKN ESS, Brown University, Providence, R. I. WILLIA.VI A. LAMBERTON, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. !\Irss ABBY LEAC H, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. (ex officio : President of the Arch

* Died Apr il 16, 189:J.

I ) 4 AMERI CAN SCHOOL A T ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. 5

AUGUSTUS C. MERRIAM (Chairman of Committee on Publicatio11s), Columbia Coll ege, 640 Madison Ave., New York City. 119irrction of tbr .School. CHARLES ELIOT NORTO~, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. S. STANHOPE ORRIS (ex o/.ficio: Annual Director of the School), Col­ 1882-1883. lege of New Jersey, Princeton, N.J. Director: WILLIAM WATSON GooDWIN, Ph. D., LL.D., D. C. L., Eliot FRANCIS W. PALFREY,* 255 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Professor of Greek Literature in Harvard University. BERNAD01TE PERRIN, Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. 1883-1884. FREDERIC J. DE PEYSTER (Treasurer), 7 East 42d St., New York City. D irector: LEWIS R. PACKARD, Ph. D., Hillhouse Professor of Greek in Yale University. WILLIAM M. SLOANE, College of New Jersey, Princeton, N.J. FITzGERALD TISDALL, College of the City of New York, New York City. 1884-1885. J AMES C. VAN BENSCHOTEN, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. Director: }AMES CooKE VAN BENSCHOTEN, LL.D., Seney Professor CHARLES WALDSTEIN (ex o/.ficio: Director of the School), Cambridge, of the Greek Language and Literature in Wesleyan University. . 1885-1886. WILLIAM R. WARE, School of Mines, Columbia College, New York City. D irector: FREDERIC DE FoREST ALLEN, Ph. D., Professor of Classical JoHN WILLIAMS WHITE, H arvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Philology in Harvard University

1886-1887. D irector: MARTIN L. D'OOGE, Ph. D., LL.D., Professor of Greek in the University of Michigan. J.Exccutibr (!tommittre. 1887-1888. 1889-90. D irector : Au GUSTUS C. MERR IAM, Ph. D., Professor of Greek Archre­ THOMAS D. SEYMOUR ( Clzairman) . ology and Epigraphy in Columbia College. WILLIAM w. GOODWIN. 1888-1889. THOMAS W. LUDLOW (Secretary). D irector: CHARLES WALDSTEIN, Ph. D., Litt. D., L. H. D., Reader 111 CHARLES ELIOT NORTON. Archreology at the Universi ty of Cambridge, England. FREDERIC J. DE PEYSTER (Treasurer). A nnual D irector : FRANK BrGELOW TARBELL, Ph. D., Instructor 111 WILI.!Al\'I R. WARE. H arvard University.

* Died December 5, r889. 1889-1890. D irector: CHARLES WALDSTEIN, Ph. D., Litt. D., L. H. D. Annual D irector: S. STANHOPE ORRIS, Ph. D., L. H. D., Ewing Pro­ fessor of the Greek Language and Literature in the College of New Jersey. NiNTH ANNUAL REPORZ: 7 6 AME RICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS.

Q!:o ,opetating (!];ollegess. .Stubents:>.* 1889-90.

LOUIS BEY! ER (•882-83), t ADELBERT COLLEGE OF W ESTERN TRINITY COLLEGE. · U N IV ERS ITY OF THE CITY OF NEW Associate Professor _in Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N.J. RESE RVE UN IVERS ITY. YORK. WALTER RAY BRIDGMAN (•883-84), AM H ERST CO LLEGE. ( Professor in lVliami University, Oxford, Ohio. BROWN UN IVERSITY. UN IVERSITY OF 1\II CHIGAN. COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF Nt::W YORK. UN IVERSITY OF MISSOURI. CARL DARLING BUCK I •887-89), Student 111 the Umversity of Leipzig. COLLEGE OF NEW JERSEY. UN IVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. COLUMBIA COLLEGE. VASSAR COLLEGE. N. E. CROSBY (•886-87), WESLEYAN UN IV ERSITY. Instructor in th e \Vestminster School, Dobbs Ferry, N . Y. CORNELL UNI VERSITY. WELLESLEY COLLEGE. J OHN M. CROW (•882-83), DART~IOUTH CO LLEGE. Professor in Iowa College, Gri nnell, Iowa. Died Sept. 28, s8<)0· WILLIAMS COLLEGE. HARVARD UN IVERS ITY. YALE UNIVERSITY. W ILLIAM LEE CUSHING (•885-87), J OHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. Head Master of th e \V estmmster School, Dubbs Ferry, N . V. 1IORT!MER LAMSON EA RLE (•887-88), Inst ructor in Columbia Co\le1,;e, New York City.

TI-IO~ l AS H . ECKFELDT (•884-8;), i!ttus:>tees> of tbe .Scbool. Principal of the Friends' School, New Bedford, Mass. A. F. FLEET (•887-88), J AMES RUSSELL L OWELL (President). Superintendent of the Missouri Military Academy, i\ 1 exico, 1\'1 issouri. EDWARD J. LowELL ( 11·casurer) . HAROLD NORTH FOWLER (•88z-80). Professor in Phillips Academy, Exeter, N. 1-1 . Wn.. LIAM W. GooDWIN (Secretary). HENRY T. H ILDRETH (• 88s-86), MARTIN BRIMMER. Instructor in the Parish School, Boston, ~la ss.

H EN RY DRISLE' I IV. JNV!NG HUNT ( o889-9o), BASIL M. GILDERSLEEVE. Tutor in Greek, Yale Unive rsit y, New Haven, Conn . HENRY G. MARQUAND. GEORGE BENJAM IN H USS EY (•887-8R).t lnstructor in the \·Ve ~ tern Re ~e rve Academy, Hnd ~o n, Ohio. CHARLES EuoT NoRTON. FRA:-.I CIS DEMETRIUS KAL.OPOTHAKES l o888-89), fREDERIC J. DE PEYSTER. S tndent in the Universit y of P. erli n H EN RY c. POTl'ER. ' J OSEPH Mc KEEN LEWI S (o88;-Sil· WILLIAM M. SLOANE. D ied April 29, 1887. J OHN \ VILLIAMS WHITE. GONZALEZ LODGE I >888-89).! A ssociate Professor in Bryn 'i\Tawr College, Bryn Mawr, P:t. WALTER MILLER (188s-86), Student in the U niversity of Lc ip1.ig. WILLIAM J . McMURTRYI•886-87), JEI£cutibe tws. l'rofessor in Yilnkton College, Yankton, South Dakota.

J A:l iES RussELL LowELL. • The year of residence at the School is placed in a parenlhesis after the name. l1a lics indicate students of th e year J889- 90· vVILLIAM \~l . G ooDWIN. t Not present during the entire year. CHARLES E u oT NoRTON. 8 AMERiCAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. ,,

Miss EM I LY NORCROSS, ( o888-'9), Instructor in S mith Cullege, Northampton, Mass.

Miss ANN IE S. PECK ( o88; -86), 865 North Main Street, Providence, R.I. NINTfi ANNUAL REPORT DAN IEL QUI NN (I 887-89), Professor in Mt. St .l\'lary's College, Emmitsburg, Md.

J OHN CAREW ROLFE (o 888-89), Assistant P rofessor in the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. OF THE MANAGING COMMITTEE WILLIAM J. SEELYE (I 886-87), Professor in Parsons Coll ege, Ga rfi eld, Iowa . OF THE I JOHN P . SHELLEY (t889-9o), Professor in Grove Co llege, Grove Ci ty , P<1 . AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS. PAUL SH OREY (I 882-83 ), Associate P rofessor in Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa. I MISS EMILY E. SLATER (I888- 89). lnstru ctor at Science Hill, S helbyville, Kentucky. ( ] R. S ITLINGTON STERRETT (t882-83), To the Council of the Ardueologica! Institute of America:- P rofessor in the Universit y of Texas, Austin, T exas.

FRANKLIN H. TAYLOR (1882- 8.1). GENTLEMEN,- I have the honor to submit to you Tutor in Wesleyan U niversity, Middletown, Conn. the Report of the Managing Committee of the Ameri­ OLIVER J OS. THATCHER (t88 r88), Professor in Alleghany Theological Seminary, Alleghan y, Pa. can School of Classical Studies at Athens, for the year S. B. P. TROWBRIDGE (1 886- 88), from October I, I889, to October I, 1890; and also Architect, New York City.

HENRY STEPHENS WASHINGTON (1888- 90).t the Reports of the Director, Dr. Charles Waldstein, JAMES R. WHEELER (t882-83), and of the Annual Director, Professor S. Stanhope Professor in the Universi ty of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Orris. ALEXANDE R M. WILCOX (t883 -84), Profe ssor in the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. During the past year the follmving persons have FRANK E. WOODRUFF ( t882-83).t Professor in Bowdoin College, Brunswick, M e. been enrolled as members of the School : - THEODORE L. WRIGHT (t886- 87), ·' - W. Irving Hunt, A. B. Yale, Soldiers' Memorial Fellow of Professor in lleloit College, Beloit, \V isconsin. Yale. John P. Shelley, A. B. Findlay. HenryS. Washington, A.M. Yale. r Of these, Mr. Washington had also been connected with the School during the previous year. Mr. John F. Gray, Harvard, Mr. Herbert D. Hale, A. B. Harvard, of the Ecole des Beaux Arts of Paris, 10 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. I I and Mr. Charles W. Washington, A. B. Yale, were ad­ for the furnishing of the building. Arrangements mitted as Special Students of the School. have been made for the beautifying of the grounds of The number of students was smaller than had been the School. All vegetation prospers in Athens with expected, three who had planned to spend the year in the aid of irrigation, and fortunately the aqueduct Athens being recalled to America by unlooked for built from Mount Pentelicus by Hadrian and Anto­ events. During part of the year Mr. Hunt and Mr. ninus Pius passes the very door of the School and fur­ Shelley only were in residence. nishes an abundant supply of water at a moderate Three members of the Managing Committee were cost. So we trust that the exterior of the School in in the spring of I 890,- Professor Goodwin, building will soon be as attractive as the interior. Professor Perrin, and Professor Ware,- besides the Professor Or: is reached Athens in August, r 889, as Rev. Professor Brooks of the University of Minnesota, \vill be seen from his Report, and from that time was Professor Hoffman of the Indiana State University, ready to extend the hospitalities and opportunities of and some other American scholars. ~he School to all who were prepared to enjoy and The visit of Professor Ware was of especial impor­ rmprove them. tance for the School. Many details of the School Dr. Waldstein arrived at Athens on December 29, building required the attention of a skilled architect, 1889, and immediately assumed the conduct of the and the grounds about it remained in nearly the same School. unkempt condition as before the house was erected. A brief account of the excavations of the School Grading needed to be done, a fence or wall to be during the year is given in the Report of the Director. raised, trees and shrubs to be planted, and grass to be ~he e~pense of these excavations was defrayed by spe­ sown. The Committee authorized the expenditure, cral grfts. The appropriation of $500 by the Council under Professor Ware's direction, of $1,250 for furni­ of the Archa:ological Institute remains untouched, to ture and the improvement of the house and grounds, be used during the coming year, together with the in addition to a special gift for this purpose of $250 by like appropriation of May, r 890. Professor Farnam of Yale. With unselfish devotion Vve have been in a state of suspense with regard to to the cause, Professor \Vare remained in Athens un­ obtaining the right to excavate on the site of Delphi. til June I 7, superintending this work. Aided by Miss The situation remains "critical, but not hopeless." vVare and Mrs. Goodwin, he afterward selected in Ger­ Perhaps before these words are printed the decision many and England articles necessary or convenient will have been made. 12 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NIN TH ANNUAL REPORT.

Two members of the Managing Committee have member of the Committee, ex officio, on his election, died during the year. in May, r 890, to the Presidency of the Archa:ological General Francis W. Palfrey, an honored soldier and Institute of America. man of letters, one of the original members of the Provost ·william Pepper, M.D., LL.D., of the U ni­ Committee, died at Cannes, December 5, r 889, in the versity of Pennsylvania, resigned his place on the fifty-ninth year of his age. . Committee at the November meeting of I889. Pro­ Professor Richard H. Mather, D. D., after a service fessor William A. Lamberton was then elected to of more than thirty years as instructor in Greek at succeed him as representative of the University of Amherst Coll ege, died on April r6, r89o, in the fifty­ Pen nsyl van ia. sixth year of his age. He entered the Committee as No volume of Papers has been issued by the School the successor of Professor Tyler, in May, r888. during the past year. Several valuable papers, how­ Professor Henry Gibbons of ~mherst College has ever, have been published in "The American Journal been elected a member of the Committee, to succeed of Archa:ology" by the Directors and members of Professor Mather as a representative of Amherst the School, -on the discoveries at Icaria, Anthedon, College. Plata:a, Thisbe, etc., and the excavations at Sicyon Professor A. F. Flee t, LL.D., of the University of and Stamata,- and the Committee on Publications Missouri, has resigned his membership of the Com­ expect to collect and publish a volume of Papers in mittee, since he leaves his professori:tl chair to become the course of 189 r. Otto Harrassowi tz of Leipzig has Superintendent of the Missouri Military Academy at been appointed the German agent for the publications Mexico, Missouri. of the School. Professor Charles Eliot Norton, in whose beautiful Professor Rufus B. Richardson, Ph. D., of Dart­ library the original project for the organization of the mouth College, has been unanimously elected Annual School at Athens took practical form , had been from Director of the School for the year I 890-9 I. the first a member of the Managing Committee, ex The financial condition of the School is as satis­ officio, as President of the Archa:ological Institute of factory as it well can be before the permanent en­ America. On his resignation of tl1e Presidency of dowment is completed. More than $46,ooo of this the Institute, in May, r89o, he · was made a regular endowment is now in the hands of the Treasurer of member of the Committee by election. the Trustees. The income from the endowment for President Seth Low of Columbia College became a the year I 889-90 was about $I, roo; it will be nearly AMERICA N SCHOOL AT ATHENS. N I N TH A NNUA L R E PORT..

twice that sum during the next year. The sum of butions might no longer be required. The expectation in regard to the worth and importance of the S chool for the pro­ $8oo has been paid this year toward the building motion of the objects for which it was established has been debt, which is at present about $ 2,400. A special fully satisfied, but the hope of securing a permanent fund has appropriation, as above noted, of $ 1,250 was made for been only partially realized. the improvement of the house and grounds at Athens. A beginning has been made, and a sum of between forty In vi ew of these extraordinary expenses, we take great r •, and fifty thousand dollars is now in the hands of th e Trustees of the School, while subscriptions not yet paid may increase satisfaction in reporting that (as in every previous the amount before long to near sixty thousand dollars. It year of its history) the treasury of the School still has should be remembered that in addition to this amount a sum a small balance in its favor at the close of the year. of not less than thirty thousand dollars has been expended At the organization of the School, in 188I, most of upon the school building , erected upon the site which we owe the Coll eges and Universities which united in its sup­ to the gracious liberality of the Greek government. The experi ence of the last few years has proved that the a n­ port did so with the expectation that before ten years nual expense of main taining the School, and of the publicati on had elapsed a sufficient permanent fund for the proper of its papers, cannot be reduced much below five thousand support of the School would be secured, and several dollars. This sum has been mainly provided by the yearly pledges expire with the coming year. Therefore, the contributions of $2 50 each of about twenty Colleges and U ni­ foll owing circular was issued by the direction of the versities. W ere these contributions to cease, the onl y means ) o( support would be the income of the fund,- at -present Committee. about two thousand dollars. The undersigned have been appointed, by the Managing Such being the case, it is evident that the contributions Committee of the Ameri can School of Classical Studies at hitherto made must in large part be continued, if the School A thens, as a sub-committee to Jay before the various Colleges is to be maintain ed. and Universities which have contributed to the support of the But the present organization of the School is not altogether School a brief statement of its present condition, and its pro­ satisfactory, and, to render it so, a larger income is required. spective circum stances and needs, and to ascertain whether The present staff of the School consists of a Permanent Di­ these CoJleaes and Universities will continue their support of rector, resident but a comparatively small part of the year at b the School. Athens, and an Annual Director, whose term of service is At the time of the foundation of the School, most of the but for a sin gle year of eight months. T o secure continuity institutions that united in its establishment agreed to combine to its work and stability to its administration, a permanent in its support for a term of ten years. It was believed that resident offi cer, with the title, perhaps, of Secretary of the within that space of time the utility of the School might be School, is required. For this post a man of practical ability as demonstrated, and it was hoped that a sufficient fund might well as of learning must be had,- a man capable of conduct­ be obtained for its permanent support, so that annual contri- ing the daily affairs of the School, as well as of directing the t l

16 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. I7 outdoor investigations and the indoor studies of the pupils. The salary attaching to this office should not be less than be particularly glad to have scientific and other $2,500. technical schools of a high grade brought into con­ The Managing Committee regard it as of great importance nection with the School at Athens. Architects, artists, to the life of the School that such an officer should form part and men of science generally, would fincJ in Greece of its staff. abundant material for profitable study. From the If the Colleges and Universities that have hitherto main­ tained the School will continue their annual contributions, the foundation of the School, its managers have held that needed income for its support will be provided; the income all such students, not classical scholars only, are to be from the fund may be applied to the salary of a Secretary, cordially welcomed under their broad programme of and the School thus strengthened will better than ever fulfil "Classical Literature, Art, and Antiquities." the end of its establishment. A special meeting of the Committee was held in 'vVe therefore beg you to inform us whether the Committee Professor Norton's library, in Cambridge, on Septem­ may rely upon the continuance of the annual contribution from , and we venture to urge upon you the importance ber 20, 1890, to meet the Director of the School, who of its continuance. While recognizing the effort that may be by his other engagements is precluded from attending demanded to obtain the sum from year to year, we trust that the regular meetings of the Committee. you will be willing to make it. The School is no longer an In the last Report of the School, the generous gift experiment, and it is in the interests of learning that we of the iron staircase for the building of the School appeal to yon to assist in enabling the School to render the best service of which it is capable. at Athens was credited, by error, to Messrs. J. B. and 'vVe request you to favor us with an early reply, addressed J. M. Norcross, instead of to Messrs. J. B. and J. M. to Professor Norton, Cambridge. Cornell, of Centre Street, New York City. C. E. NORTON. JOHN WILLIAMS WHITE. The list of students, on pages 7 and 8 of this Re­ 0. M. FERNALD. port, shows that those who have been connected with THOMAS D. SEYMOUR. I SEPTEMBER, 18go. the School in former years are now occupying impor­ tant positions ( principa:lly as teachers) in the States The replies to the above circular have, in general, of Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Mary­ been thoroughly satisfactory. In some cases, for land, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Hamp­ special reasons, no assurance could be given. vV e shire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, have good grounds for expecting other institutions to Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas, and Vermont. unite with those which have been associated hitherto Two are dead. Three are studying in German in the support of the School. The Committee would Universities. The wide distribution of these scholars 2 18 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. indicates the wide influence of the School at Athens. It is self-evident that this influence and the impor­ REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. tance of the School's work are not to be measured by the number of students in resid ence at Athens. The Committee look forward, however, with desire To tJze Managing Committee of the American School of Clas­ .. ... and confident expectation, to a considerable increase sical Studies at Athens:- in the number of students. They trust that means will be secured to use to the full the opportunities GE NTLEMEN,- I beg to submit the following Re­ for growth which are opened to the School. port of the work of the School for the period of the last year, during which _l had active charge of its THOMAS D. SEYMOUR, management. Cltairman. ,L arrived at Athens on D ecember 29, r889, and NEW HAVEN, CONN., devoted the first few days to the domestic arrange­ Oct. 1, 1890. ments of the School, which ' required considerable attention. Owing to illness and to other unfavorable circum­ stances, .-I found that the number of students in at- tendance was reduced to two, Mr. W. I. Hunt, of Yale College, and Mr. ]. P. Shelley, of Findlay College, Ohio. ..l.. soon admitted as a special student l\1r. J. F. Gray, form erly a student of Harvard College, who came properly recommended, and I extended to the Rev. Professor Jabez Brooks the p'7-ivileges of the School. 'With these, th e students of the British School, and a number of A merican and other vis­ itors interested in the subject, I began my lec tures, giving three introductory lectures in the Library of the School, and continuing with peripatetic lectures in the different Museum s. These lectures were con- 20 AMERICAN SCHOOL A T ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. 21 tinued during several weeks, though interrupted twice In the first week of February, we were joined by by attacks of the influenza, by which disease some Mr. H. S. Washington, who had been a student of of the students were affected. l also made arrange­ the School in the preceding year, and by Mr. C. M. ments with Mr. Gardner, so that I].Y lectures were Washington, both of Yale College. These gentlemen supplemented for the students by the lectures given had agreed to assist in the expedition to Plataea, and before the British School. In addition, I gave an I was especially glad to have the assistance of the evening talk to the students on the Origin of Early · former, who had already gained considerable experi­ Decoration, an ~as available for consultation at defi­ ence in the work of excavating. ....I made Mr. C. M. nite hours. Mr. Hunt was the only student who de­ Washington also a special student of the School. In voted himself to original work in the higher classical the following week we were joined by Mr. H . D. Hale, studies, and ,!. advised him with regard to the writing formerly of Harvard College, and now a student of of a paper on the Topography of the Battlefield architecture at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, of Plataea, and to some work on Attic Sepulchral who had come at m special invitation to assist in ' . Monuments. the making of maps and plans of the site and of the Our formal opening meeting took · place on Janu­ excavations. He also was made a special student. ary I 7 At this meeting~ delivered an opening ad­ Meanwhile the weather, which had been particularly dress on the Mantinean Reliefs. I hope that this unfavorable during the whole season, did not improve, paper may soon be published in the American Journal and we had to defer from day to day the beginning of Archceology. The meeting may be considered an of our work at Plataea, which I had hoped to make event in the history of the School ; we were honored in the middle of February. M_y own health did not at it by the presence, not only of all the distinguished admit of my leaving Athens during the bad weather. scholars at Athens, Greek and foreign, but also of l. finally gave way to the enthusiastic eagerness of their Royal Highnesses the Crown Prince and the Mr. Washington, and, having procured a complete Crown Princess of Greece. At the second meeting of outfit and ample provisions, he started with one of the School, which was well attended, Mr. Hunt read the servants on February 14· On February 19, he his paper on the Topography of Plataea, and I read began digging with twenty-two men at the church remarks on a newly discovered terra-cotta, which where last year the Preamble to the Edict of Diocle­ throws light on the central figures of the Parthenon tian was found. He was soon joined by Mr. Hunt frieze. and Mr. Shelley, and subsequently by Messrs. Hale, l I N INTH ANNUAL R EPORT. 23 22 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. l j of a Byzantine church and monastery, which I C. M. Washington, and Gray. During this time the ' ~ thought might prove to have been an important en­ party had to contend with great difficulties, the most trance to the ancient city. H ere Messrs. Hunt and trying of which was the severe \veather, with snow Shelley came upon an interesting ancient aqueduct or and cold winds, in houses tl1at were not even provided drain, covered with large stones, light yellow in color, with glass windows; and I cannot sufficiently com­ at a depth of 1.20 meters below the surface. Mr. mend the enthusiastic per~ erance of all concerned. Washington desc ribes the stone as somewhat like I was much relieved in mind when, after a week, Mr. poros, very soft when first found, but harclenina on Gray, who had previously had an attack of influenza, 0 exposure. It is apparently a limestone containina returned with Messrs. C. M. \Vashina ton and Hale b 0 ' gypsum and a small quantity of talc. These stones not much the worse for his hardship. As soon as I covered a trench cut through very solid soil, in which had recovered from ,;;;.y illness, the second since J.;y are laid tbe terra-cotta drain-tiles. These tiles were arrival in Athens, I started for Plataea with Mr Hale .,..- . made of well baked reel clay, like three sides of a and Mr. C. M. Washington, and remained there until rectangle, o.6o meter long, o.zo deep, and o. r 5 wider we closed the work for this season, on March r 2. (interior measurements), and about o.OJ thick. They The exact measurements of all the city walls (more were joined together end to end, not overlapping, by than two and a half miles in circumference) were a gray cement very neatly applied. The channel has taken by Messrs. Washington and Hale, assisted by apparent] y a very gentle slope clown toward the town, Messrs. C. M. vVashington and Shelley. A survey wbich is a confirmation of the supposition that it was made and a map drawn by Mr. Hale. This map served as an aqueduct. Mr. Hunt and I explored the will be published in our Report of the Excavations. neighborhood for the possible source of water-supply, The map illustrating the battlefield, designed by and there is some probability that he discovered this l\1essrs. Hale and Hunt to illustrate the paper of the outside and to the south of the city wall, at a consid­ latter on the topograpby of the battle, wili also be erable distance from the point at which we found the published with the paper which it accompanies. Mr. tiles. The aqueduct runs under the city wall, and Hale drew, moreover, the ground plans of all the under the corner of the church, where a block was cut churches at which we dug. away obliquely to make room for the church wall. It Our corps of workmen was increased to a number is probable that the wall was the earliest, the aqueduct averaging forty men, with wh ich for some .time we the next in date, and the larger church the latest. dug at a promising site by the southeast wall, that t I

AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. Several inscriptions had already come to light; but of its importance in Byzantine and Frankish times. we were much cheered when, in a grave below the Our excavations have certainly made clear an histor­ east wall of the church, we found, used as covering­ 'ical fact vvhich seems previously to have been over­ stones, two large inscriptions. The one proved to be looked; it had been supposed that, after the classical another slab of the Diocletian Edict, giving in Greek period, Plataea sank into oblivion and insignificance. the prices of textiles. This contains a large portion Our excavations, together with the remains of nu­ of the seventeenth chapter in Waddington's edition, merous Byzantine and J-.' rankish churches (there are with some interesting variations, as well as a column over twelve in the neighborhood), certainly prove that and a half of material hitherto unknown, constitut­ in post-classical times the city was densely populated. ino· the beainnina of this chapter that has been b b b People were probably attracted thither by the situa­ wanting. The other inscription records dedications tion, which commands the Boeotian plain, and by the on the part of women to some godcless (probably II fortification, which must have remained standing. Demeter or Artemis), with many interesting female Unfortunately, the ancient materials were convenient names. for building the numerous houses and smaller walls; We continued to dig upon various sites outside while, to produce the mortar abundantly used by the the city walls, hoping to gain some fixed point in Byzantines, all the marble seems to have been burnt discovering either the Temple of Demeter (in ,.,·hich and ground for lime. It appears to me that Plataea we followed Mr. Hunt's suggestion) or the Temple must have bee n a centre of considerable activity in of Hera. We did not succeed in establishing these Roman times also. points, though several objects of interest were discov­ The funds applied to the surveying and excavation, ered. It may be desirable to dig for a short time as well as to the outfit of the expedition, were pro­ next season, at the place suggested by Mr. Hunt, for vided from the generous contribution of Dr. Lamborri the Temple of Demeter, and at that where Mr. Wash­ and the remainder of the amount collected by Mr. ington worked, and where last year we discovered the Wesley Harper. Preamble to Diocletian's Edict. When this has been We all returned to Athens on March 1 3· done, these explorative excavations may be considered Owing to the attack of Captain Botticher on Dr. as completed. Schliemann's views with regard to the ruins at His­ What seems to stand in the way of important dis­ sarlik, in which he maintained that these ruins were coveries of temples and statues at Plataea is the fact not those of an ancient fortified city, but rather of a

f I AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NIN TH A N NUAL REPORT necropolis for incineration, Drs. Schliemann and Dorp­ the matter of style, although we could give but very feld invited an international conference to examine little time to the drafting. The Report runs thus:- this subject on the spot, and bcith Dr. Schliemann and Dr. Dorpfeld left Greece early in March to " The undersigned, invited by Dr. Schliemann and Dr. Dorpfeld to visit the excavations of Hissarlik, have. examined continue the excavations. For America, the School these ruins carefully, after having taken cognizance of certain and the Smithsonian Institution of Washington were articles by Captain Botticher on the nature of these structures called upon to send representatives; and, being au­ especially of his La Troie de S cft!iemamz zme N t!cropo!e d thorized by your Chairman and invited by the Smith­ i1zcz'1zt!ration. The results of this examination are given in the following propositions. sonian Institution to represent you and it at this " 1. The ruins of Hissarlik are situated on the lowest spur conference, I started for H issarlik on March 26, and of a chain of hills, running from east to west, projecting into ( joined the body of representatives there assembled. the valley of the Scamander. This site, which dominates the The company included Messrs. Babin for the French vi ew of the plain as well as of the entrance to the Helles­ Academy of Inscriptions and Belles Lettres, Mr. Cal­ pont, appears well adapted for the foundation of a fortified place. vert, U. S. Consul at the Hellespont, Professor Von "2. We have there seen walls, gates, and towers, forming Duhn of H eidelberg, Dr. Grempler of Breslau, Hamdi fortified enclosures belong ing to different periods. Bey of the Museum of Constantinople, Dr. Humann "3. The enclosure of which the wall B (Troja, Pl. VII., and (the excavator of Pergamon) of the Berlin Museum, Ilios, Pl. VII.) form s a part, consists of a substructure of chalk Professor Virchow of Berlin, and myself. Our exami­ stone, slanting outwards, upon which is erected a wall of sun­ nation of the site and excavations, and our discussions, dried bricks. At some points of this brick wall even the stucco is preserved. Three towers have recently been dis­ occupied about four days. The results were drawn covered still showing the upper wall of brick; they are in the up in a Report unanimously agreed upon, and signed east, where the stone substructure is the lowest in height, and by all. We carefully limited the questions to those therefore there was least need of strengthening the wall by a which we thought such a conference could satisfac­ buttress. torily decide. We also examined the ruins and topog­ "4· The transverse cut made in the wall B opposite the large trench XZ showed that there were no corridors, the raphy of Bunarbashi for the light they might throw existence of which had been asserted. As to the walls of upon Hissarlik. The official Report is in French; brick, the only instance which could be evoked in support but, before I left, Professor Virchow and I drafted of the theory of corridors are the two nearly adjoining walls an English translation, which must be considered near A and B. But th ese walls belong to distinct buildings. "5· The hill of Hissarlik has never had the form of a' ter­ official, and which, therefore, I dare not correct in race construction,' in which the terraces diminish as they AMERICAN SCHOOL AT A 7££ENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT. rise; but we have found that each superior stratum occupies great discovery of sarcophagi from Sidon, and to ad­ a larger space than the one immediately below it. "6. An examination of these strata has led to the following vance the interests of our School. I left Constanti­ conclusions. In the lowest stratum only a few nearly para!· nople for Athens on April 5, arriving on April 7, lei walls are preserved, nothing permitting us to infer that and, after making final arrangements at the School, human bodies were found there. The second stratum, which the students all having started on tours or being is the most interesting, contains ruins of buildings of which engaged m independent work, I left Athens on the principal ones present an absolute analogy to the 'palaces' April r 2_ of Tiryns and Mycenae. The stratum immediately above this consists of smaller dwellings, superimposed one above the I may also mention, that ,"vhile at Athens I served other, of which many contain large jars (pithoi). on a committee appointed by the Greek government "Finally, in the last stratum are the foundations of build­ to examine into the state of the Theseion, and to ings belonging to the Gr::.eco-Roman period, and numerous advise with regard to its proper preservation. fragments of architecture. "7. In our presence, a large number of pitltoi were un­ With regard to Delphi, I have to state that my earthed i1z situ, in the third stratum. They were standing first step was to come to a clear understanding upright, singly or in groups, several containing large quanti­ concerning the French claim. I satisfied myself ties of wheat, peas, and oleaginous seeds more or less carbon­ completely that it was right for us, under existin

CHARLES WALDSTEIN, After the middle of September, the Hon. Walker Director. Fearn, Minister of the to Greece, was my guest for a period of six weeks, during which time the School received visits from all the members of the Diplomatic Corps at Athens, -the Ministers of Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany, Austria, , Ser­ via, Roumania, Turkey, and Spain,- from Mr. Tricou­ pis, Prime Minister of Greece, from all the members of the Cabinet, from the Marshal of the Palace, and other high officers of the Court.

Of the students admitted by the Manaaino-b b Com- mittee, two were obliged to return to America after they were as far on their way as Paris. Of the rest, Messrs. Hu11t and Shelley alone were .present through~ , 3 34 AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHE NS. Nl!\i TH A NNUAL REPORT 35 out the year. Besides those regularly admitted, there cus on the north, of H ymettus on the east, of the were not a few who put themselves in connection with Aegean Sea and the mountains of Peloponnesus on the School and studied along its lines. The first the south, and of the olive groves and Mount Aega­ of these was our scholarly and gentlemanly Consul, leos on the west. Irving J. Manatt, Ph.D., LL.D., who took part in all In our work, we followed, as far as time and op­ our readings of classical authors, and added interest to portunity permitted, in the track of previous Annual all our exercises. Dr. J abez Brooks, also, Professor of Directors. It is due to Mr. Hunt to say, that, besides Greek in the University of Minnesota, was with us studying Pausanias on Attica, and reading the Aga­ from December 1 until May, a diligent student of Mod­ memnon of Aeschylus, he read the whole of Herod­ ern Greek and of the topography and ancient ruins of otus and Thucydides, and made himself familiar with Athens. F. B. Sanborn, Esq, of Concord, Professor the museums and the topography and monuments of Perrin of Adelbert College, Professor Hoffman of . the Athens. Mr. Shelley devoted himself chiefly to the University of Indiana, Professor Innis of St. Paul, study of Modern Greek, but studied also the topogra­ •, Minn., and Mr. W. C. Collar, Master of the Roxbury phy and antiquities of Athens. In April, Mr. Hunt Latin School, were with us, using our library and and Mr. Shelley went on extensive tours, visiting making extensive tours as students of the topography many points in Central Greece. and antiquities of Greece. President Gilman of Johns After Professor Perrin's return from Troy, where he Hopkins University (with his family), and many other chanted the Iliad to the winds and the sea, I made distinguished Americans who were making the tour a tour with him and Mr. Sanborn to Delphi, going of Europe and the East, visited the School. Dr. and by way of Corinth and the Gulf, and returning by Mrs. Schliemann and the Prince of Wales, also, were. way of Arachova, Lebadea, and Thebes. among our visitors. I need scarcely say that all who The library received gifts of books from Professor visited us in the course of the year expressed inter­ Hatzidakis, Mr. Cope Whitehouse, Mr. H. S. \Vashing­ 1 est in the aims of the School, and admiration for its ton, Mr. Sanborn, Miss E. Dawes, Professor Goodwin, building. The building, indeed, will always stand as a and Miss M. Carey Thomas: in all, sixteen volumes. magnificent monument of the architectural skill and Before leaving the School I devoted seven days ex­ exquisite taste of its designer, Professor Ware of Co­ clusively to the interests of the library, and saw to lumbia College. Beautiful in itself, it is beautiful also it that the books and periodicals were all in their in its situation, commanding a full view of Penteli- proper places; that books which had been sent by AMERICAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NINTH A NNUAL REPORT. 37

Messrs. Beck and Wilberg for examination, were the topography and antiquities of Greece. For such \ returned, and not charged to the School ; and that is the correlation between topography and civiliza­ the book bills, after being corrected, were paid and tion, that without the fullest knowledge of the former receipted. To the careful index of the library we cannot have the highest appreciation of the lat­ which was made by Dr. Tarbell, I added an index ter. Moreover, as no description of a place, however of the periodicals. full and vivid, can give the lively and accurate impres­ In the course of the year I received a number sions which we receive through the eye in the place of letters, principally from students of <;alleges, mak­ itself, so we cannot have an adequate appreciation of ing inquiry in regard to the nature of the work of the civilization, literature, and history of a people with­ the School. In particular, the question was asked out studying the topography of their country in the whether it is contemplated in the "Regulations of country itself. And if but two or three students re­ the School," that the study of classical literature turn annually from Athens, with a thorough knowl­ shall be restricted and subordinated to archzeological edge of the topography and antiquities of Greece, ends, or whether, if the student desire it, purely and of Modern Greek, to engage in teaching the an­ classical study may be pursued without such restric­ cient language in such a spirit, and by such methods tion and subordination. I presume that Dr. D 'Ooge that it shall become in the minds of the young men expresses the mind of the Managing Committee in whom they instruct, not a mere burden ready to drop relation to this question when he says, in his brilliant off or be thrown off, but part of their individual be­ Report for I 887-88, that "the character and aims ing, a source of life and strength, giving the faculty of the student must to a large· extent determine the of finding perpetual delight in the history of that lit­ nature of the work of the School." erature to which all civilization owes so much, then Most of those who have been connected with the the American School of Classical Studies at Athens School are now engaged as teachers in our higher will deserve the gratitude of all our academic insti­ institutions of learning; and it is probable that the tutio~s, and of all men who prize above external ad­ majority of those who may be connected with it in vantages "that purification of the intellectual eye the future will study with a view to the same pro­ which gives us to contemplate the infinite wealth of fession. For this class of students I would unite with the mental world." previous Directors in emphasizing the importance of a mastery of Modern Greek, and a thorough study of S. STANHOPE ORRIS, Annual Director for I889-90. AMERICAN S CHOOL AT ATHENS.

0 ....,_ 0 0\00 ~&.cO \0 0\ N C\ 0- r;),..;-

THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS.

OCTOBER, xSgo. J, . . [ E-< p.. THE American School of Classical Studies at Athens, founded by i;l the Archreological Institute of America, and organized under the u ..::t.l auspices of some of the leading American Colleges, was opened Octo­ ber z, r88z. During the first five years of its existence it occupied a hired house on the 'Oilo> 'A,_,.aA.{as in Athens, near the ruins of the Olympieion. A large and convenient building has now been erected ~ z for the School on a piece of land, granted by the generous liberality of li-1 ::E the Government of Greece, on the southeastern slope of Mount Lyca­ w bettus, adjoining the ground already occupied by the English School. r< ~ 0 The new building contains the apartments to be occupied by the - .....:l - 0 ""'" ..;., ..... ~d ci ci "'"'+0. 0. ""'" "'~i < p.. -~ 0.0 P.. ., 0, for example, as keeping the accounts of the School, taking charge of :><: c: ... c: "t:l lo... ..D ...... I li-1 ~., c .., 0 the delivery of books from the Library and their return, and keeping 2~~ > 0\ .,...~ "t:l b.()'- .,"'Vl 0~ up the catalogue of the Library. cc:"t:l Vl .., ~ "' ·-"t:) c • ::9 c .., Eo The Library now contains more than r,6oo volumes, exclusive of ~ rn ..... ~ .. 0. uo ...... ><: c sets of periodicals. It includes a complete set of the Greek classics ... d) >. ~ ~] b.O~ ~ ., 5 ~ . u ~ ~ ::s .., .!: 0. 0 0 u ·:;: )..,b.o Vl ..... u and the most necessary books of reference for philological, archreologi­ .., ~..c o..v·z b.O ";., 0 u l-o .D ·- oS ~ >,IU ..... - b~~ t"'~ b·E ... ., cal, and architectural study in Greece. 0 ...

I,, , AMERI CAN SCHOOL A T ATH ENS. 40 NINTH A JViVUA L REPORT. 41

American students who are deemed by the Committee of sufficient promise to warrant the extension to them of the privilege of member­ ship. It is hoped that the Archreological Institute may in time be supplied with the means of establi shing scholarships, which will aid REGULATIONS OF THE AMERICAN SC HOOL OF s::)(ne members in defraying their expenses at the School. In the r I • CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS. mean time, students must rely upon their own resources, or upon OCTOBER, 18go. scholarships which may be granted them by the Coll eges to which they belong. The amount needed for the expenses of an eight ·' I. The object of the American School of Classical Studies is to months' residence in Athens differs little from that required in other furni sh an opportunity to study Classical Literature, Art, and Antiqui­ European capitals, and depends chiefly on the economy of the ties in Athens, under su itable guidance, to graduates of American individual. Colleges and to other qualifi ed students ; to prosecute and to aid A peculiar feature of the temporary organization of the School dur­ origi nal research in these subjects; and to co-operate with the Arch­ ing its first six years, which has distinguished it from the older German reological Institute of America, so far as it may be able, in conducting and French· Schools at Athens, has been the yearly change of Director. the exploration and excavation of classic sites. This arrangement, by which a new Director has been sent out each year II. The School is in charge of a Managing Committee. This Com­ by one of the co-operating Colleges, was never looked upon as perma­ mittee,, which was originally appointed by the Archreological Institute, nent. The School will henceforth be under the control of a permanent disburses the annual income of the School, and has power to add to Director, who by continuous residence at Athens will accumulate that its membership and to make such regulations for the government of body of local and special knowledge without which the hi ghest purpose the School as it may deem proper. The President of the Archreo­ of such a school cannot be fulfilled, while an Annual Director also will logical Institute and the Director and Annual Director of the School be sent out each year by one of the Colleges to assist in the conduct of are ex-tfficio members of the Committee. the School. (See Regulation V.) The School has been able, even under III. The Managing Committee meets semi-annually,- in New its temporary organization, to meet a most pressing want, and to be of York on the third Friday in November, and in Boston on the third servi ce to classical scholarship in America. It has sought at first, and Friday in May. Special meetings may be called at any time by the it must continue to seek for the present, rather to arouse a lively inter­ Chairman. est in classical archreology in Ameri can Colleges than to accomplish IV. The Chairman of the Committee is the official representative distingu ished achievements. The lack of this interest has heretofore of the interests of the School in America. He presents a Report been conspicuous ; but without it the School at Athens, however well annually to the Archreological Institute concerning the affairs of the endowed, can never accomplish the best results. A decided improve­ School. ment in this respect is already apparent ; and it is beyond question V. 1. The School is under the superintendence of a Director. that the presence in many American Colleges of professors who have The Director is chosen and his salary is fixed by the Managing Com­ been resident a year at Athens under favorable circumstances, as an­ mittee. The term for which he is chosen is fi ve years. The Com­ nual directors or as students of the School, has done much, and will mittee provides him with a house in Athens contai ning apartments do still more, to stimulate intelligent interest in classic antiquity. for himself and his family, and suitable rooms for the meetings of The address of the Chairman of the Managing Committee is the members of the School, its collections, and its library. THOMAS D. SEYMOUR, New H aven, Conn.; that of the Secretary, I 2. Each year the Committee appoints from the instru ctors of the \ THOMAS W. LuDLOW, Yonkers, N.Y. Colleges uniting in the support of the School an Annual Director, I \ who resides in Athens during the ensuing year and co-operates in I

,' " AMERICA N S CHOOL A T A THENS. N l i\'TH AN.VUAL R EPORT 43 supervision and control of the D irector. who shall also · - the conduct of th e School. In case of the illness or absence of the - _ . , , 111 COnJU11 C- Director, the Annual D irector acts as Director for the time being. tiOl1 _wrtl_l the Commrttee on Publicati ons, supervise a nd control a ll VI. The Director superintends personally the work of each mem­ publrcatron of the results, giving full acknowledgment for work done ber of the School, advising him in what direction to turn his studies, by the student. and assisting him in their prosecution. He conducts no regular X I. Wh en any member of the School has completed one or courses of instruction, but holds meetings of the members of the more full y ears of study,. the results of whi ch have been approved School at stated times for consult:ttion and discussion. H e makes a bY, the Drrector, he recerves a certi fica te stating the work accom­ full Report annually to the Managing Committee of the work accom­ plr shed by him. signed bv th e Director of the School tl p -d . ' • J , 1e resr en t plished by the School. of th e Arch1eo.l ogrcal Institute, a nd the Chairman a nd th e Secret ary VII. The school year extends from the rst of October to the rst o f t I1 e M anagmg Committee. of June. Members are required to prosecute their studies during the X IT. America n stude nts resid ent or travelling in Greece who whole of this time in Greek lands under the supervision of the Direc­ ar~ not regul ar members of th e School may, at th e discreti on of the tor. The studies of th e remaining four months necessary to complete Di rector, be e nroll ed as special students, and enjoy th e privil eges a full year (the shortest term for which a certificate is given) may be of th e School. carried on in Greece or elsewhere, as the student prefers. X II T. . 1.. All_ manuscripts, drawings, or photographs intended VIII. Bachelors of Arts of co-operating Colleges, and all Bachelors for !JublrcatiO n 111 th e P apers of the School shall be sent to the of Arts who have studied at one of these Colleges as candidates for a Charrm_an of the Ma naging Committee of the School, who a t his higher degree, are admitted to membership in the School on present­ conve mence s h ~ ll transmit them to the Committee on Publications. ing to the Committee a certificate from the instructors in classics of . 2. In ~r ep ann g the manu script for such articl es, a comparatively light qualrty of paper shall be used, of conveni ent si ze- the the College at which they have last studied, stating that they are com­ D . - , paper petent to pursue an independent course of stu dy at Athens under the _or any _one ~rtrc 1e s 11 all be of one si ze ; a margin of two or three advice of the Director. All other persons who desire to become m ches rn w~d~h s h ~ ll be kept at th e left. The writing shall be members of the School must make application to the Committee. clear a nd dr stm ct, rn particular for all quotations a nd f E · 1 re erences. Members of the School are subject to no charge for tuition. The speCi a care must be taken in writin"'o- Greek , th a t tl 1e pnnt· er may Committee reserves the right to modify the conditions of member­ no~ confound similar letters, a nd the accents shall be placed ship. ~ tn c tl y above the proper_ vowels, as in printing. All quota tions and 1eferences shall be particula rl y verified b)' the author aft tl IX. Each member of the School must pursue some definite subj ect .· . ' , er 1e ar- of study or research in Classical Literature, Art, or Antiquities, and tie 1e rs completed, by comparison with th e origin al sources. must present a thesis or report embodying the results of some impor­ XIV. No communications, even of an inform al nature, shall be tant part of his year's work. These theses, if approved by the Direc­ made_ by students of the School to the public press. without being tor, are sent to the Managing Committee, by which each thesis is submitt. ed to the Director in charge of the School, and au th onze· d referred to a Sub-Committee of three, of wh om one is always the b y Ilim. Director under whose supervision the thesis was prepared. If recom­ XV. At least two careful squeezes shall be taken as ! o 'bl f - . soon as mended for publication by this Committee, the thesis or report will P ssr e o ev e r ~ mscnption discovered by the School, _ one to be be issued in the Papers of the School. I sent to the Cha1rm an of th e Committee on Publications the th to b d . I - ' o er X. All work of excavation, of investi gation, or of any other kind e epos1tec 111 th e Library of the School. done by any student in connection with the School shall be regarded as done for the School and by the School, and shall be under the

,, 44 A MERICAN SCH OOL A T A THJ:.:N S. A'I N TH ANNUAL REPORT. 45 Volume II., r883-84, containing Dr. J. R. S. Sterrett's Report of his Journey in Asia Minor in r884, with Inscri ptions, and two new PUBLICATIONS OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL Maps by Professor H. Kiepert. Published in r8S8. 8vo. pp. 344· OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT. ATHE NS. Price $2.25. Volume III., 1884-85, containing Dr. Sterrett's Report of the Wolfe Expedition to Asia Minor in 1885 , wi th Inscri pti ons, mostly hitherto The Annual Reports of the Committee may be had grati s on applicati on to unpublished, and two new Maps by Professor Kie pert. Published in the Secretary of the Managing Comm1 ttee. The other publicati ons are for sale by Messrs Damrell , U pham, & Co., 283 W ashington Street, Boston, Mass. r888. 8vo. pp. 448. Price $2 .50. Volume IV. 1885-86. Published in r888. Svo. pp. 277. Illus­ First, Second, and Third Annual Reports of the Managing Com­ trated. Price $2.oo. mittee, r88 r-84. pp. 30. Fourth Annual Report of the Committee, r884-85. pp. 30. CONTENT S:- I. The Theatre of Thoricus, Prel{minary Report, by W alter Mill er. Fifth and Sixth Annual Reports of the Committee, r885-8 7. 2. The Theatre of Thori cus, Supplementary Report, by William L. C ushing. PP· sG. 3· On Greek Versi fi cation in Inscri pti ons, by Frederi c D. All en. Seventh Annual R eport of the Committee, 1887-88, with the 4· The Athenian P nyx, by J ohn M. Crow ; with a Survey of the Pnyx and Report of Professor D'Ooge ( Director in r 886- 8 7 ) and that of N otes, by J oseph Thacher Clarke. Profe ssor Merriam (Director in r88 7- 88 ). pp. us. 5· Notes on Attic Vocalism, by J. McK een Lewis. Eighth Annual R eport of the Committee, 1888- 89, with the R eports of the Director, Dr. Waldstein , and of the Annual Director, Dr. T arbell. pp. 53· Bulletin I. R eport of Professor William W. Goodwin, Director CIRCULAR OF INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS WHO of the School in 188 2-83 . pp. 33· Price 25 cents. PROPOSE TO JOIN THE SCHOOL. Bulletin II. Memoir of P rofessor Lewis R. Packard, Director of OCTOBER, r8go. the Scl1ool in 188 3-84, with Resolutions of the Committee and the Report for r883- 84. pp. 34· Price 25 cents. STUDENTS in Athens will find a knowl edge of German and French Preliminary Report of an Arch::eological Journey made 1n Asia of the utmost servi ce in all their work. Minor during the Summer of r884. By Dr. J. R. S. Sterrett. The books in the following li sts of which the titles are printed in pp. 45· • Price 25 ce nts. the larger type are recommended to students as an introdu cti on to the different branches of Greek Arch::eology. The more special works, PAP E RS OF THE SCHOOL. whose titles are printed in small er type, are recommended as books of reference and for students whose department of special study is Volume I. r882- 83. Published in r885. 8vo. pp. Vlll. and already determined. 262. Illustrated. Price $z.oo.

C ONT ENT s · - LIST OF BOOKS. !. l nscriptions of Assos, edi te d by J. R S Sterrett. 2. Inscriptions of Trall eis, ed ited by J . R S. Sterrett. GE NE RAL W O RK S . 3· The Theatre of D ionysus, by J ames R Wheeler. Pausanias. 4· The Olympieion at Athens, by Loui s Bevier Colli gnon: Manual of Greek Arch::eology (translated by J. H. 5· T he E rechtheion at Athens, by H arold N. F owl er. Wright). 6. The Battl e of Salami s, by Wi lli am W . Goodw in. A JI-fERICAi \ . SCIf OOL AT ATHEJ\"S. Nll 'iTH ANNUAL REPORT. 47

Guhl and Koner: Life o£ the Ancient Greeks and Rom:.ms. VASES. Baumeister: Denkmaler des klassischen Altertums. Rayet et Collignon : Histoire de Ia Ceramique grecque. C. 0. :tvli.iller: Ancient Art and its Remains. Dumont et Chaplain : Les Ceramiques de la Grece propre. Taine : Philosophie de !'Art en Grece. I Furtwiingler und Loeschcke: Mykenische Vasen. I lhibner : Bibliographie der klassis chen Altertumswissenschaft. Birch : History of Ancient Pottery. S. Reinach : l\lanuel de Philolog ie cl assiq ue. Von Rohden: Vasenkuncle, in Baumeister's Denkmaler. Stark: Systematik und Geschi chte der A rchaologie der Kunst. Furtwangler : Vasensammlung im Antiquarium (Berlin). C. T. N ewton: E ssays on Art and Archreology. Klein: Euphronios. Burnouf: Mem01res sur l'Antiq ui te. Klein: Die griecf.ischen Vasen mit Meistersignaturen. Boeckh-J!'rankel: Die Staatshaushaltung der Athener. Smith: Dictionary of Antiquities (third edition). COINS. K. F. Hermann : Lehrbuch der griechischen Antiquitaten. Percy Gardner : Types of Greek Coins. Daremberg et Saglio: Dictionnaire des Antiquites. Head: Historia Numorum. Pottier et Reinach: La Necropole de Myrina. Milchhofer : Anfange der Kunst in Griechenlancl. Catalogues of Coins of the British Museum. Beul ~ : L' Art grec avant P~ ricl es . EPIGRAPHY. Diehl: Excursions Archeologiques en Grece. Roberts : Introduction to Greek Epigraphy. ARCHITECTUH.E. Dittenberger: Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum. Durm : Die Baukunst der Griechen. Kirchhoff: Geschichte des griechischen Alphabets. Von R eber: History of Ancient Art (translated by Clarke). Hicks: Greek Historical Inscriptions. S. Reinach : Traite d'f:pigraphie grecque. P enrose Principles of , \th eni~ n ,\rchitecture, 2d eel. Hinrichs: Griechische Epigraphik, in Miiller's Handbuch der Altertumswis· Mi chaelis Der Parthenon. senschaft, Vol. I. Fergusson · The Parthenon. Cauer: Deiectus Inscriptionum Graecarum. Bohn · Die Propylaeen der Akropoli s zu A then. Collitz: Sammlung cier gri echischen Dialektinschriften. Boutmy : Philosophic de I' Architecture en Grece. Meister hans: Grammatik der attischen Inschriften: Papers of the Archreological Institute of Ameri ca. ]{ eport on the Investiga­ G. Meyer: Griechische Granunatik. ti ons at Assos. Roehl: Inscriptiones Graecae Antiquissimae. SCULPTURE. Corpus Inscriptionum Atticarum. Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum. Mrs. Lucy M. Mitchell: History of Ancient Sculpture. Loewy: Inschriften griechischer Bilclhauer. A. S. Murray: History of Greek Sculpture. Reinach : Conseils au Voyageur arclu!ologue en Grece. Overbeck : Geschichte der griechischen Plastik. Overbeck: Die antiken Schriftquellen zur Geschi chte cl er bildenclen TOPOGRAPHY. Ki.i.nste. Baedeker: Greece (latest edition) . Guides Joanne: Athenes et ses environs (latest edition). Brunn : Geschichte cler griechischen Kiinstler. Curtius unci Kaupert: Atlas von Ath en. Friedrichs-Wolters: Baustei ne zur Geschichte cl er griechisch-romi schen Plastik. Waldstein: Essays on the Art of Pheidias. Curti us und Kaupert: Karten von Attika ( erlauternder Text). Petersen: Die Kunst des Pheicl ias. Verrall and Harrison: Mythology and Monuments of Athens. Collignon. . Bursian: Geographic von Griechenland. Ileuzey . Catalogue des Terres Cuites clu Louvre. Tozer : Geography of Greece. 1'. Pari s: La Sculpture Antique. Lolling : T opographic von Griechenland, in Miillcr's Handbuch, Vol. III. AMERiCAN SCHOOL AT ATHENS. NINTH ANNUAL REPORT 49

Leake : Travels in Northem Greece. Leake: Topography of Athens. Leake: Travels in the Morea. TRAVEL AND EXPENSES .. E. Curti us: Peloponnesus. . . . J ahn-Michaelis: Pausaniae descriptio arcls Athena! um, I 88 o. Wachsmuth : Die Stadt A then im Alterthum. Students wi shing to travel from the United States to Athens with the greatest H ertzberg: A then. economy of time and money are advised to sail from New York to Havre, Ant­ Dyer: Ancient Athens. , werp, Bremen, or Hamburg. The cost of the sea voyage varies from $40 to . Burnouf: La Ville et 1' Acropole d' A thenes. $ 125. From the port of landing the journey to Athens may be made for about Botticher : Die Akropolis von A then. $100 (first class) or $65 (second class), including ordinary expenses. Three Botticher : Olympia. . routes are available for the voyage to Athens upon the Mediterranean, - from Pomtow : Beitrage zur Topographic von Delphi. Marseilles, by the Messageri es Maritimes steamers, or by the Fraissinet or (Murray's Handbook for Travellers in Greece.) Florio-Rubattino line; from Brindisi. by Greek or I talian steamers or the Aus­ MYTHOLOGY. trian Lloyd ; from Trieste, by the Austrian Lloyd. Before securing passage by any of these lines, care ·should be taken to ascertain that th e Greek Govern­ Prell er: Griechische Mythologie. . ment has not establi shed a quarantine against the port of departure. Quaran­ . l . Lexikon der griechischen und romischen MythologJe. tin ed ports are to be avoided if possible, as the delay on landing from them is R osc 1er. .. Seemann: Mythologie der Griechen un~ Romer. tedious and costly. The quickest route is by steamer from Brindisi to Patras (a little more than Collignon : Mythologie figuree de Ia Gr~ce. twenty-four hours), and thence by rai l to Athens (about eight hours ). The Decharme : Mythologie de Ia Grece antique. routes through the Gulf of Corinth and around Peloponnesus are very attractive in good weather. Welcker: Griechische Gotterlehre. It is not advisable to attempt to sail directly from New York to the Pira:us (Burnouf: La Legende athenienne.) during the summer months. on account of the danger of quarantine. The voy­ (Ruskin: Queen of the Air.) age by this route (by the Florio steamers), which is to be recommended at other PERIODICALS. seasons, takes about three weeks, and costs Srso (first class). At the large hotels in Athens, board and lodging can be obtained for $14 per Bulletin de Correspondance hellenique. . . . week; at small hotels and in private families for Ss so per week and upward. Mittheilungen des deutschen Archa:ologJschen. InstJtuts. A limited number of students may have rooms, without board, in the new School Jahrbuch des deutschen ArchxologJschen InstJtuts. building. The figures here given represent maximum estimates, and careful Ameri can Journal of Archxology. economy may reduce actual expenses below them. The student should go well supplied with clothing. and simil ar necessiti es for hi s stay, as all such articles Journal of Hellenic Studies. are expensive in Athens; and in providing these he must not count too much 'E'YJp..£pt> 'Apxaw>..oytK~. " • , on a warm climate during the winter. H e should encumber himself with as few IT paKTtKa' T'YJ'i" £v •Ae.:-.vat> ., 'Apxaw>..oytK'YJ> ETatpta>· books as possible in travelling; the School library, which now contains more 6.£ATlOV 'ApxawAoytKov. . h than sixteen hundred volumes, provides all the books that are most essential for Archxologisch-epigraphische Mittheilungen aus Oesterretc • study in Greece. Members of the School are required to study in Athens, or in such Greek lands Revue Archeologique. as the Director of the School may approve, between October 1 and June I. Gazette Archeologique. MODERN GRBEK. Vincent and Dickson : Handbook to Modern ?reek. 4 Contopoulos: Modern Greek and Engli~h LexJcon. Jannarakis: Neugriechisch-deutsches Worterbuch . . ..

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