Point Reyes National Seashore Bird List

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Point Reyes National Seashore Bird List Birds of Point Reyes National Seashore Gaviidae (Loons) Alcedinidae (Kingfishers) Podicipedidae (Grebes) Picidae (Woodpeckers) Diomedeidae (Albatrosses) Tyrannidae (Tyrant Flycatcher) Procellariidae (Shearwaters, Petrels) Alaudidae (Larks) Hydrobatidae (Storm Petrels) Hirundinidae (Swallows) Sulidae (Boobies, Gannets) Laniidae (Shrikes) Pelecanidae (Pelicans) Vireonidae (Vireos) Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants) Corvidae (Crows, Jays) Fregatidae (Frigate Birds) Paridae (Chickadees, Titmice) Ardeidae (Herons, Bitterns, & Egrets) Aegithalidae (Bushtits) Threskiornithidae (Ibises, Spoonbills) Sittidae (Nuthatches) Ciconiidae (Storks) Certhiidae (Creepers) Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, Swans) Troglodytidae (Wrens) Cathartidae (New World Vultures) Cinclidae (Dippers) Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles) & Regulidae (Kinglets) Falconidae (Caracaras, Falcons) Sylviidae (Old World Warblers, Gnatcatchers) Odontophoridae (New World Quail) Turdidae (Thrushes) Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, Coots) Timaliidae (Babblers) Gruidae (Cranes) Mimidae (Mockingbirds, Thrashers) Charadriidae (Lapwings, Plovers) Motacillidae (Wagtails, Pipits) Haematopodidae (Oystercatcher) Bombycillidae (Waxwings) Recurvirostridae (Stilts, Avocets) Ptilogonatidae (Silky-flycatcher) Scolopacidae (Sandpipers, Phalaropes) Parulidae (Wood Warblers) Laridae (Skuas, Gulls, Terns, Skimmers) Cardinalidae (Cardinals) Alcidae (Auks, Murres, Puffins) Emberizidae (Emberizids) Columbidae (Pigeons, Doves) Fringillidae (Finches) Cuculidae (Cuckoos, Road Runners, Anis) NON-NATIVES Tytonidae (Barn Owls) Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, Swans) Strigidae (Typical Owls) Phasianidae (Partridges, Grouse, Turkeys) Caprimulgidae (Nighthawks, Nightjars) Columbidae (Pigeons, Doves) Apodidae (Swifts) Sturnidae (Starlings) Trochilidae (Hummingbirds) Passeridae (Old World Sparrows) Family Genus/Species Common Name Gaviidae (Loons) Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon Gavia arctica Arctic Loon Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon Gavia immer Common Loon Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon Back to Top Podicipedidae (Grebes) Podilymbus podiceps Pied-billed Grebe Podiceps auritus Horned Grebe Podiceps nigricollis Eared Grebe Podiceps grisegena Red-necked Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis Western Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii Clark’s Grebe Back to Top Diomedeidae (Albatrosses) Diomedea albatrus Short-tailed Albatross Diomedea nigripes Black-footed Albatross Phoebetria palpebrata Light-mantled Albatross Phoebastria immutabilis Laysan Albatross Thalassarche cauta Shy Albatross Back to Top Procellariidae (Shearwaters, Petrels) Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar Procellaria parkinsoni Parkinson's Petrel Pterodroma inexpectata Mottled Petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia Dark-rumped Petrel Pterodroma macroptera Great-winged Petrel Pterodroma ultima Murphy's Petrel Pterodroma cookii Cook's Petrel Pterodroma longirostris Stejneger's Petrel Puffinus creatopus Pink-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes Flesh-footed Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas Streaked Shearwater Puffinus bulleri Buller’s Shearwater Puffinus gravis Greater Shearwater Puffinus griseus Sooty Shearwater Puffinus tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus opisthomelas Black-vented Shearwater Puffinus puffinus Manx Shearwater Back to Top Family Genus/Species Common Name Hydrobatidae (Storm Petrels) Oceanites oceanicus Wilson’s Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma furcata Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa Leach’s Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma homochroa Ashy Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma microsoma Least Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma melania Black Storm-Petrel Back to Top Sulidae (Boobies, Gannets) Sula sula Red-footed Booby Sula leucogaster Brown Booby Back to Top Pelecanidae (Pelicans) Pelecanus erythrorhynchos American White Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis Brown Pelican Back to Top Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants) Phalacrocorax auritus Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax penicillatus Brandt’s Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus Pelagic Cormorant Back to Top Fregatidae (Frigate Birds) Fregata magnificens Magnificent Frigatebird Back to Top Ardeidae (Herons, Bitterns, & Egrets) Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern Ixobrychus exilis Least Bittern Ardea herodias Great Blue Heron Egretta caerulea Little Blue Heron Egretta tricolor Tricolored Heron Butorides virescens Green Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax violaceus Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Egretta thula Snowy Egret Ardea alba Great Egret Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Back to Top Threskiornithidae (Ibises, Spoonbills) Eudocimus albus White Ibis Plegadis chihi White-faced Ibis Back to Top Ciconiidae (Storks) Mycteria americana Wood Stork Back to Top Family Genus/Species Common Name Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, Swans) Cygnus columbianus Tundra Swan Cygnus buccinator Trumpeter Swan Anser albifrons Greater White-fronted Goose Chen caerulescens Snow Goose Chen rossii Ross’s Goose Chen canagica Emperor Goose Branta canadensis Canada Goose Branta canadensis minima Cackling Canada Goose Branta bernicla Brant Aix sponsa Wood Duck Anas crecca Green-winged Teal Anas cyanoptera Cinnamon Teal Anas discors Blue-winged Teal Anas querquedula Garganey Anas clypeata Northern Shoveler Anas platyrhynchos Mallard Anas acuta Northern Pintail Anas strepera Gadwall Anas americana American Wigeon Anas penelope Eurasian Wigeon Aythya valisineria Canvasback Aythya americana Redhead Aythya collaris Ring-necked Duck Aythya fuligula Tufted Duck Aythya marila Greater Scaup Aythya affinis Lesser Scaup Somateria spectabilis King Eider Histrionicus histrionicus Harlequin Duck Clangula hyemalis Long-tailed Duck Melanitta fusca White-winged Scoter Melanitta perspicillata Surf Scoter Melanitta nigra Black Scoter Bucephala clangula Common Goldeneye Bucephala islandica Barrow’s Goldeneye Bucephala albeola Bufflehead Lophodytes cucullatus Hooded Merganser continued on next page Mergus merganser Common Merganser Family Genus/Species Common Name Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, Swans) cont. Mergus serrator Red-breasted Merganser Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Duck Back to Top Cathartidae (New World Vultures) Cathartes aura Turkey Vulture Back to Top Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites, Eagles) & Pandion haliaetus Osprey Falconidae (Caracaras, Falcons) Elanus leucurus White-tailed Kite Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Golden Eagle Polyborus plancus Crested Caracara Circus cyaneus Northern Harrier Accipiter gentilis Northern Goshawk Accipiter cooperii Cooper’s Hawk Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned Hawk Buteo lineatus Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo jamaicensis Red-tailed Hawk Buteo platypterus Broad-winged Hawk Buteo swainsoni Swainson’s Hawk Buteo regalis Ferruginous Hawk Buteo lagopus Rough-legged Hawk Buteo albonotatus Zone-tailed Hawk Falco sparverius American Kestrel Falco columbarius Merlin Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon Falco mexicanus Prairie Falcon Back to Top Odontophoridae (New World Quail) Callipepla californica California Quail Back to Top Rallidae (Rails, Gallinules, Coots) Coturnicops noveboracensis Yellow Rail Laterallus jamaicensis Black Rail Rallus longirostris Clapper Rail Rallus limicola Virginia Rail Porzana carolina Sora Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen Fulica americana American Coot Back to Top Gruidae (Cranes) Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane Back to Top Family Genus/Species Common Name Charadriidae (Lapwings, Plovers) Pluvialis squatarola Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis dominica American Golden-Plover Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden-Plover Charadrius mongolus Mongolian Plover Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Sand Plover Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus Western Snowy Plover Charadrius hiaticula Common Ringed Plover Charadrius semipalmatus Semipalmated Plover Charadrius montanus Mountain Plover Charadrius vociferus Killdeer Charadrius morinellus Eurasian Dotterel Back to Top Haematopodidae (Oystercatcher) Haematopus bachmani Black Oystercatcher Back to Top Recurvirostridae (Stilts, Avocets) Himantopus mexicanus Black-necked Stilt Recurvirostra americana American Avocet Back to Top Scolopacidae (Sandpipers, Phalaropes) Tringa melanoleuca Greater Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Lesser Yellowlegs Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Willet Heteroscelus incanus Wandering Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes Gray-tailed Tattler Tringa solitaria Solitary Sandpiper Actitis macularia Spotted Sandpiper Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel Numenius americanus Long-billed Curlew Numenius tahitiensis Bristle-thighed Curlew Limosa haemastica Hudsonian Godwit Limosa fedoa Marbled Godwit Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala Black Turnstone Aphriza virgata Surfbird Calidris canutus Red Knot Calidris alba Sanderling Calidris minuta Little Stint continued on next page Calidris subminuta Long-toed Stint Family Genus/Species Common Name Scolopacidae (Sandpipers, Phalaropes) cont. Calidris mauri Western Sandpiper Calidris pusilla Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris minutilla Least Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Baird’s Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis Rock Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper Calidris himantopus Stilt Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris alpina Dunlin Philomachus pugnax Ruff Limnodromus scolopaceus Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus Short-billed Dowitcher Gallinago gallinago Common Snipe Gallinago delicata Wilson's Snipe Phalaropus tricolor Wilson’s Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus fulicaria Red Phalarope Back to Top Laridae (Skuas, Gulls, Terns,
Recommended publications
  • LOONS and GREBES [ ] Common Loon [ ] Pied-Billed Grebe---X
    LOONS and GREBES [ ] Common Merganser [ ] Common Loon [ ] Ruddy Duck---x OWLS [ ] Pied-billed Grebe---x [ ] Barn Owl [ ] Horned Grebe HAWKS, KITES and EAGLES [ ] Eared Grebe [ ] Northern Harrier SWIFTS and HUMMINGBIRDS [ ] Western Grebe [ ] Cooper’s Hawk [ ] White-throated Swift [ ] Clark’s Grebe [ ] Red-shouldered Hawk [ ] Anna’s Hummingbird---x [ ] Red-tailed Hawk KINGFISHERS PELICANS and CORMORANTS [ ] Golden Eagle [ ] Belted Kingfisher [ ] Brown Pelican [ ] American Kestrel [ ] Double-crested Cormorant [ ] White-tailed Kite WOODPECKERS [ ] Acorn Woodpecker BITTERNS, HERONS and EGRETS PHEASANTS and QUAIL [ ] Red-breasted Sapsucker [ ] American Bittern [ ] Ring-necked Pheasant [ ] Nuttall’s Woodpecker---x [ ] Great Blue Heron [ ] California Quail [ ] Great Egret [ ] Downy Woodpecker [ ] Snowy Egret RAILS [ ] Northern Flicker [ ] Sora [ ] Green Heron---x TYRANT FLYCATCHERS [ ] Black-crowned Night-Heron---x [ ] Common Moorhen Pacific-slope Flycatcher [ ] American Coot---x [ ] NEW WORLD VULTURES [ ] Black Phoebe---x Say’s Phoebe [ ] Turkey Vulture SHOREBIRDS [ ] [ ] Killdeer---x [ ] Ash-throated Flycatcher WATERFOWL [ ] Greater Yellowlegs [ ] Western Kingbird [ ] Greater White-fronted Goose [ ] Black-necked Stilt SHRIKES [ ] Ross’s Goose [ ] Spotted Sandpiper Loggerhead Shrike [ ] Canada Goose---x [ ] Least Sandpiper [ ] [ ] Wood Duck [ ] Long-billed Dowitcher VIREOS Gadwall [ ] [ ] Wilson’s Snipe [ ] Warbling Vireo [ ] American Wigeon [ ] Mallard---x GULLS and TERNS JAYS and CROWS [ ] Cinnamon Teal [ ] Mew Gull [ ] Western Scrub-Jay---x
    [Show full text]
  • South Puget Sound Streaked Horned Lark (Eremophila Alpestris Strigata) Genetic Rescue Study Report for Year 2
    South Puget Sound Streaked Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris strigata) Genetic Rescue Study Report for Year 2 Spring/Summer 2012 Photo credit: Rod Gilbert South Puget Sound Streaked Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris strigata) Genetic Rescue Study Draft Report for Year 2 September 2012 Prepared by Adrian Wolf THE CENTER FOR NATURAL LANDS MANAGEMENT The Center for Natural Lands Management 120 East Union Avenue, suite 215 Olympia, WA 98501 Tel. 360-742-8212 Email: [email protected] Abstract Hatchability of Streaked Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris strigata) eggs in the Puget Lowlands of Washington State is extremely low relative to other grassland nesting birds at the same site and generally. Because genetic factors (inbreeding depression) appear to be a likely explanation, an effort to increase genetic diversity was initiated in 2011. 2012 was the second year of the genetic rescue effort initiated at the 13th Division Prairie on Joint Base Lewis-McChord. A total of eight breeding lark pairs and one unpaired male were detected within the study area. Nest building was first detected on 25 April; the first eggs were observed on 16 May; the first nestlings hatched on or around 27 May, the first fledgling was observed on 20 June. Twenty nests were located, which produced a total of 49 eggs (2.9 eggs/nest ± 0.9 SD). Mean number of eggs per completed clutch (n = 15) was 3.1 ± 0.6 (SD), an increase from 2.3 in 2011. A total of 14 local nestlings were color-banded, and at least four of the fourteen were observed foraging independently. Hatchability of the Puget Sound nests increased to 84% in 2012, from 61% in 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Checklist (PDF)
    Surf Scoter Marbled Godwit OWLS (Strigidae) Common Raven White-winged Scoter Ruddy Turnstone Eastern Screech Owl CHICKADEES (Paridae) Common Goldeneye Red Knot Great Horned Owl Black-capped Chickadee Barrow’s Goldeneye Sanderling Snowy Owl Boreal Chickadee Bufflehead Semipalmated Sandpiper Northern Hawk-Owl Tufted Titmouse Hooded Merganser Western Sandpiper Barred Owl NUTHATCHES (Sittidae) Common Merganser Least Sandpiper Great Gray Owl Red-breasted Nuthatch Red-breasted Merganser White-rumped Sandpiper Long-eared Owl White-breasted Nuthatch Ruddy Duck Baird’s Sandpiper Short-eared Owl CREEPERS (Certhiidae) VULTURES (Cathartidae) Pectoral Sandpiper Northern Saw-Whet Owl Brown Creeper Turkey Vulture Purple Sandpiper NIGHTJARS (Caprimulgidae) WRENS (Troglodytidae) HAWKS & EAGLES (Accipitridae) Dunlin Common Nighthawk Carolina Wren Osprey Stilt Sandpiper Whip-poor-will House Wren Bald Eagle Buff-breasted Sandpiper SWIFTS (Apodidae) Winter Wren Northern Harrier Ruff Chimney Swift Marsh Wren Sharp-shinned Hawk Short-billed Dowitcher HUMMINGBIRDS (Trochilidae) THRUSHES (Muscicapidae) Cooper’s Hawk Wilson’s Snipe Ruby-throated Hummingbird Golden-crowned Kinglet Northern Goshawk American Woodcock KINGFISHERS (Alcedinidae) Ruby-crowned Kinglet Red-shouldered Hawk Wilson’s Phalarope Belted Kingfisher Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Broad-winged Hawk Red-necked Phalarope WOODPECKERS (Picidae) Eastern Bluebird Red-tailed Hawk Red Phalarope Red-headed Woodpecker Veery Rough-legged Hawk GULLS & TERNS (Laridae) Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Gray-cheeked Thrush Golden
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area
    TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE BIRDS OF G U S E N G E L I N G WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA A FIELD CHECKLIST “Act Natural” Visit a Wildlife Management Area at our Web site: http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us Cover: Illustration of Pileated Woodpecker by Rob Fleming. HABITAT DESCRIPTION he Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area is located in the northwest corner of Anderson County, 20 miles Tnorthwest of Palestine, Texas, on U.S. Highway 287. The management area contains 10,958 acres of land owned by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Most of the land was purchased in 1950 and 1951, with the addition of several smaller tracts through 1960. It was originally called the Derden Wildlife Management Area, but was later changed to the Engeling Wildlife Management Area in honor of Biologist Gus A. Engeling, who was killed by a poacher on the area in December 1951. The area is drained by Catfish Creek which is a tributary of the Trinity River. The topography is gently rolling to hilly, with a well-defined drainage system that empties into Catfish Creek. Most of the small streams are spring fed and normally flow year-round. The soils are mostly light colored, rapidly permeable sands on the upland, and moderately permeable, gray-brown, sandy loams in the bottomland along Catfish Creek. The climate is classified as moist, sub-humid, with an annual rainfall of about 40 inches. The vegetation consists of deciduous forest with an overstory made up of oak, hickory, sweetgum and elm; with associated understory species of dogwood, American beautyberry, huckleberry, greenbrier, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolutionary History of the White Wagtail Species Complex, (Passeriformes: Motacillidae: Motacilla Alba)
    Contributions to Zoology 88 (2019) 257-276 CTOZ brill.com/ctoz The evolutionary history of the white wagtail species complex, (Passeriformes: Motacillidae: Motacilla alba) Maliheh Pirayesh Shirazinejad Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Mansour Aliabadian Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Research Department of Zoological Innovations, Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran [email protected] Omid Mirshamsi Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Research Department of Zoological Innovations, Institute of Applied Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Abstract The white wagtail (Motacilla alba) species complex with its distinctive plumage in separate geographical areas can serve as a model to test evolutionary hypotheses. Its extensive variety in plumage, despite the genetic similarity between taxa, and the evolutionary events connected to this variety are poorly under- stood. Therefore we sampled in the breeding range of the white wagtail: 338 individuals were analyzed from 74 areas in the Palearctic and Mediterranean. We studied the white wagtail complex based on two mitochondrial DNA markers to make inferences about the evolutionary history. Our phylogenetic trees highlight mtDNA sequences (ND2, CR), and one nuclear marker (CHD1Z), which partly correspond to earlier described clades: the northern Palearctic (clade N); eastern and central Asia (clade SE); south- western Asia west to the British Isles (clade SW); and Morocco (clade M). The divergence of all clades occurred during the Pleistocene. We also used ecological niche modelling for three genetic lineages (ex- cluding clade M); results showed congruence between niche and phylogenetic divergence in these clades.
    [Show full text]
  • Common Birds of the Estero Bay Area
    Common Birds of the Estero Bay Area Jeremy Beaulieu Lisa Andreano Michael Walgren Introduction The following is a guide to the common birds of the Estero Bay Area. Brief descriptions are provided as well as active months and status listings. Photos are primarily courtesy of Greg Smith. Species are arranged by family according to the Sibley Guide to Birds (2000). Gaviidae Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata Occurrence: Common Active Months: November-April Federal Status: None State/Audubon Status: None Description: A small loon seldom seen far from salt water. In the non-breeding season they have a grey face and red throat. They have a long slender dark bill and white speckling on their dark back. Information: These birds are winter residents to the Central Coast. Wintering Red- throated Loons can gather in large numbers in Morro Bay if food is abundant. They are common on salt water of all depths but frequently forage in shallow bays and estuaries rather than far out at sea. Because their legs are located so far back, loons have difficulty walking on land and are rarely found far from water. Most loons must paddle furiously across the surface of the water before becoming airborne, but these small loons can practically spring directly into the air from land, a useful ability on its artic tundra breeding grounds. Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica Occurrence: Common Active Months: November-April Federal Status: None State/Audubon Status: None Description: The Pacific Loon has a shorter neck than the Red-throated Loon. The bill is very straight and the head is very smoothly rounded.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Restoration Plan for Common Loon and Other Birds Impacted by the Bouchard Barge 120 (B-120) Oil Spill, Buzzards Bay Massachusetts and Rhode Island
    FINAL RESTORATION PLAN for COMMON LOON (Gavia immer) and OTHER BIRDS IMPACTED BY THE BOUCHARD BARGE 120 (B-120) OIL SPILL BUZZARDS BAY MASSACHUSETTS and RHODE ISLAND June 2020 Prepared by: United States Fish and Wildlife Service Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Lead Administrative Trustee) Executive Summary In April 2003, the Bouchard Barge‐120 (B‐120) oil spill (the Spill) affected more than 100 miles of Buzzards Bay and its shoreline and nearby coastal waters in both Massachusetts (MA) and Rhode Island (RI). Birds were exposed to and ingested oil as they foraged, nested, and/or migrated through the area. Species of birds estimated to have been killed in the greatest numbers included common loon (Gavia immer), common and roseate terns (Sterna hirundo and Sterna dougallii), and other birds such as common eider (Somateria mollissima), black scoter (Melanitta americana), and red‐throated loon (Gavia stellata). The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) (acting through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS]), the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (acting through the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs [EEA]), and the State of Rhode Island serve as the natural resource Trustees (Trustees) responsible under the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) (33 U.S.C. § 2701, et seq.) for ensuring the natural resources injured from the Spill are restored. As a designated Trustee, each agency is authorized to act on behalf of the public under State1 and/or Federal law to assess and recover natural resource damages, and to plan and implement actions to restore, rehabilitate, replace, or acquire the equivalent of the natural resources or services injured or lost as a result of an unpermitted discharge of oil.
    [Show full text]
  • Beached Bird Guide for Northern Lake Michigan
    Beached Bird Guide for Northern Lake Michigan Prepared by Common Coast Research & Conservation In association with the Grand Traverse Bay Botulism Network © 2008 Common Coast Research & Conservation How to use this guide This guide was developed to aid with the field identification of the most common waterbird species implicated in botulism E die-offs on northern Lake Michigan. The guide is not intended to be a comprehensive treatment of all species you may encounter in the field. For birds not treated in this guide please document with photographs and/or submit carcasses to the nearest Michigan Department of Natural Resources Field Office for identification and/or testing for botulism (see manual). The emphasis of this guide is on differences in bill structure among the various waterbird species. The bill plates are drawn to actual size - we recommend laminating the guide for use in the field. Placing the bills of unknown species directly on the plates will facilitate identification. Please keep in mind some variation among individuals is to be expected. Photographs of unknown species are helpful for later identification. Bird Topography tarsus crown bill (upper and lower mandibles) foot bill margin cheek throat wing coverts (lesser) secondaries webbed foot lobed foot primaries (loons, ducks, gulls) (grebes) Loons and Grebes Birds with dagger-like bills Description: Adult Common Loon bill large, dagger-like, mandible edges smooth feet webbed tarsus narrow, flat Plumage variation (adult vs. juvenile): Look at wing coverts: Adult – well-defined white "windows" (see photo) Juvenile - lacks defined white "windows" Similar species: Red-throated Loon – bill smaller (rarely found) Red-necked Grebe – feet lobed, bill smaller Description: Red-throated Loon bill dagger-like, slightly upturned, mandible edges smooth feet webbed tarsus narrow, flat Similar species: Common Loon - larger; bill heavier, not upturned Red-necked Grebe – feet lobed , bill yellowish NOTE: Rarely encountered.
    [Show full text]
  • Loons: Wildlife Notebook Series
    Loons Loons are known as “spirits of the wilderness,” and it is fitting that Alaska has all five species of loons found in the world. Loons are an integral part of Alaska's wilderness—a living symbol of Alaska's clean water and high level of environmental quality. Loons, especially common loons, are most famous for their call. The cry of a loon piercing the summer twilight is one of the most thrilling sounds of nature. The sight or sound of one of these birds in Alaskan waters gives a special meaning to many, as if it were certifying the surrounding as a truly wild place. Description: Loons have stout bodies, long necks, pointed bills, three-toed webbed feet, and spend most of their time afloat. Loons are sometimes confused with cormorants, mergansers, grebes, and other diving water birds. Loons have solid bones, and compress the air out of their feathers to float low in the water. A loon's bill is held parallel to the water, but the cormorant holds its hooked bill at an angle. Mergansers have narrower bills and a crest. Grebes, also diving water birds, are relatively short-bodied. Loons can be distinguished from ducks in flight by their slower wing beat and low-slung necks and heads. The five species of loons found in Alaska are the common, yellow-billed, red-throated, pacific and arctic. Common loons (Gavia immer), have deep black or dark green heads and necks and dark backs with an intricate pattern of black and white stripes, spots, squares, and rectangles. The yellow-billed loon (Gavia adamsii) is similar, but it has white spots on its back and a straw-yellow bill even in winter.
    [Show full text]
  • MORPHOLOGICAL and ECOLOGICAL EVOLUTION in OLD and NEW WORLD FLYCATCHERS a Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the College O
    MORPHOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL EVOLUTION IN OLD AND NEW WORLD FLYCATCHERS A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Clay E. Corbin August 2002 This dissertation entitled MORPHOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL EVOLUTION IN OLD AND NEW WORLD FLYCATCHERS BY CLAY E. CORBIN has been approved for the Department of Biological Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences by Donald B. Miles Associate Professor, Department of Biological Sciences Leslie A. Flemming Dean, College of Arts and Sciences CORBIN, C. E. Ph.D. August 2002. Biological Sciences. Morphological and Ecological Evolution in Old and New World Flycatchers (215pp.) Director of Dissertation: Donald B. Miles In both the Old and New Worlds, independent clades of sit-and-wait insectivorous birds have evolved. These independent radiations provide an excellent opportunity to test for convergent relationships between morphology and ecology at different ecological and phylogenetic levels. First, I test whether there is a significant adaptive relationship between ecology and morphology in North American and Southern African flycatcher communities. Second, using morphological traits and observations on foraging behavior, I test whether ecomorphological relationships are dependent upon locality. Third, using multivariate discrimination and cluster analysis on a morphological data set of five flycatcher clades, I address whether there is broad scale ecomorphological convergence among flycatcher clades and if morphology predicts a course measure of habitat preference. Finally, I test whether there is a common morphological axis of diversification and whether relative age of origin corresponds to the morphological variation exhibited by elaenia and tody-tyrant lineages.
    [Show full text]
  • Were Sauropod Dinosaurs Responsible for the Warm Mesozoic Climate?
    Journal of Palaeogeography 2012, 1(2): 138-148 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1261.2012.00011 Biopalaeogeography and palaeoclimatology Were sauropod dinosaurs responsible for the warm Mesozoic climate? A. J. (Tom) van Loon* Geological Institute, Adam Mickiewicz University, Maków Polnych 16, 61-606, Poznan, Poland Abstract It was recently postulated that methane production by the giant Mesozoic sau- ropod dinosaurs was larger than the present-day release of this greenhouse gas by nature and man-induced activities jointly, thus contributing to the warm Mesozoic climate. This conclusion was reached by correct calculations, but these calculations were based on unrealistic as- sumptions: the researchers who postulated this dinosaur-induced warm climate did take into account neither the biomass production required for the sauropods’ food, nor the constraints for the habitats in which the dinosaurs lived, thus neglecting the palaeogeographic conditions. This underlines the importance of palaeogeography for a good understanding of the Earth’s geological history. Key words sauropod dinosaurs, greenhouse conditions, methane, palaeogeography 1 Introduction* etc. Some of these compounds are thought to have contrib‑ uted to the global temperature rise that took place in the For a long time, geologists have wondered why highly 20th century, but the causal relationship is still hotly de‑ significant fluctuations in the global temperature occurred bated (Rothman, 2002). One of the reasons is that climate in the geological past. It was found by Milankovich (1930, models show significant shortcomings (especially when 1936, 1938) that the alternation of Pleistocene glacials and applied back in time). Another reason is that data (e.g. the interglacials can largely be understood on the basis of as‑ relationship between CO2 concentrations in the ice in cores tronomical factors.
    [Show full text]
  • Bird List Lake Pepin IBA REGULAR
    Important Bird Area - Bird List Lake Pepin IBA August 2010 Checklist of Minnesota Birds Compiled list from all Red: PIF Continental Importance available data sources (BOLD RED are Nesting Green: Stewardship Species Species as documented by Blue: BCR Important Species one of the sources) Purple: PIF Priority in one or more regions REGULAR Ducks, Geese, Swans Greater White-fronted Goose 1 Snow Goose 1 Ross's Goose Cackling Goose (tallgrass prairie) Canada Goose 1 Mute Swan Trumpeter Swan Tundra Swan 1 Wood Duck 1 Gadwall 1 American Wigeon 1 American Black Duck 1 Mallard 1 Blue-winged Teal 1 Cinnamon Teal Northern Shoveler 1 Northern Pintail 1 Green-winged Teal 1 Canvasback 1 Redhead 1 Ring-necked Duck 1 Greater Scaup 1 Lesser Scaup 1 Harlequin Duck Surf Scoter White-winged Scoter 1 Black Scoter Long-tailed Duck Bufflehead 1 Common Goldeneye 1 Page 1 of 12 Publication date January 2015 http://mn.audubon.org/ Important Bird Area - Bird List Lake Pepin IBA August 2010 Checklist of Minnesota Birds Compiled list from all Red: PIF Continental Importance available data sources (BOLD RED are Nesting Green: Stewardship Species Species as documented by Blue: BCR Important Species one of the sources) Purple: PIF Priority in one or more regions Hooded Merganser 1 Common Merganser 1 Red-breasted Merganser 1 Ruddy Duck 1 Partridge, Grouse, Turkey Gray Partridge 1 Ring-necked Pheasant 1 Ruffed Grouse 1 Spruce Grouse Sharp-tailed Grouse Greater Prairie-Chicken Wild Turkey 1 Loons Red-throated Loon Pacific Loon Common Loon 1 Grebes Pied-billed Grebe 1 Horned
    [Show full text]