Joseph Bonaparte and the Crown Jewels

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Joseph Bonaparte and the Crown Jewels Joseph Bonaparte and the Crown Jewels José Flaugier created a portrait of Joseph Bonaparte, circa 1809. It is depicted in this image. As Napoleon Bonaparte's older brother, Joseph (1768-1844) was the King of Spain between 1808-1813. He was also the King of Naples between 1806-1808. Born in Corsica, like his famous brother, he died in Florence when he was 76 years old. In the meantime ... after Napoleon's second exile ... Joseph sailed to America. With him, allegedly, were some of Spain's crown jewels which he sold to raise funds for his new life. Joseph left the rest of his fortune safely buried in Switzerland, at least for a time, until he sent his trusted secretary to retrieve it all. The former king lived a life of luxury in New Jersey. He called his estate "Point Breeze." His two surviving daughters - Zenaïde and Charlotte - spent time with him there. Accumulating one of America's finest art collections, Joseph remained in the States until 1832. Moving to London, he returned to America once more for a brief visit. Never allowed to return to France, Joseph was given permission to visit his family in Italy. He traveled there, circa 1840. He had not seen his wife -Marie-Julie Bonaparte - for twenty-five years. He remained with his wife for the rest of his life and died, in her arms, on the 28th of July, 1844. Julie died eight months later. Click on the image for a better view. Credits: Image online, courtesy Wikimedia Commons. PD See Alignments to State and Common Core standards for this story online at: http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/AcademicAlignment/Joseph-Bonaparte-and-the-Crown-Jewels See Learning Tasks for this story online at: http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/AcademicActivities/Joseph-Bonaparte-and-the-Crown-Jewels Media Stream Joseph Bonaparte and the Crown Jewels View this asset at: http://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/.
Recommended publications
  • Nationalism in the French Revolution of 1789
    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Honors College 5-2014 Nationalism in the French Revolution of 1789 Kiley Bickford University of Maine - Main Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Cultural History Commons Recommended Citation Bickford, Kiley, "Nationalism in the French Revolution of 1789" (2014). Honors College. 147. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors/147 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NATIONALISM IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION OF 1789 by Kiley Bickford A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for a Degree with Honors (History) The Honors College University of Maine May 2014 Advisory Committee: Richard Blanke, Professor of History Alexander Grab, Adelaide & Alan Bird Professor of History Angela Haas, Visiting Assistant Professor of History Raymond Pelletier, Associate Professor of French, Emeritus Chris Mares, Director of the Intensive English Institute, Honors College Copyright 2014 by Kiley Bickford All rights reserved. Abstract The French Revolution of 1789 was instrumental in the emergence and growth of modern nationalism, the idea that a state should represent, and serve the interests of, a people, or "nation," that shares a common culture and history and feels as one. But national ideas, often with their source in the otherwise cosmopolitan world of the Enlightenment, were also an important cause of the Revolution itself. The rhetoric and documents of the Revolution demonstrate the importance of national ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Treaty of Lunéville J. David Markham When Napoleon Became
    The Treaty of Lunéville J. David Markham When Napoleon became First Consul in 1799, his first order of business was to defend France against the so-called Second Coalition. This coalition was made up of a number of smaller countries led by Austria, Russia and Britain. The Austrians had armies in Germany and in Piedmont, Italy. Napoleon sent General Jean Moreau to Germany while he, Napoleon, marched through Switzerland to Milan and then further south, toward Alessandria. As Napoleon, as First Consul, was not technically able to lead an army, the French were technically under the command of General Louis Alexandre Berthier. There, on 14 June 1800, the French defeated the Austrian army led by General Michael von Melas. This victory, coupled with Moreau’s success in Germany, lead to a general peace negotiation resulting in the Treaty of Lunéville (named after the town in France where the treaty was signed by Count Ludwig von Cobenzl for Austria and Joseph Bonaparte for Austria. The treaty secured France’s borders on the left bank of the Rhine River and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. France ceded territory and fortresses on the right bank, and various republics were guaranteed their independence. This translation is taken from the website of the Fondation Napoléon and can be found at the following URL: https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the- two-empires/articles/treaty-of-luneville/. I am deeply grateful for the permission granted to use it by Dr. Peter Hicks of the Fondation. That French organization does an outstanding job of promoting Napoleonic history throughout the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Iron Marshal: a Biography of Louis N
    The Napoleon Series Reviews Gallagher, John G. The Iron Marshal: A Biography of Louis N. Davout. Havertown (UK): Frontline, 2018. 432 pages. ISBN# 9781526738325. Hardcover $39.95/£19.99 This is a new edition of the classic work first published in 1976. In a new preface written in 2000 the author explains that he has not rewritten it since nothing published in the interval has made this necessary, this may well be the case, but (to get minor criticism out of the way at the beginning) it is a pity the new work was not subjected to more rigorous proof reading: apart from minor typos there are peculiarities such as referring to General Bourriene, three different spellings of Beurnonville in one chapter and the mystifying condition affecting Napoleon at Borodino, 'uroedemo'. Whether these were present in the first edition I do not know: if they were, they should have been pointed out and corrected sometime in the intervening 25 years. This is a full-scale biography beginning with Louis Nicolas Davout's aristocratic ancestry and ending with his funeral; each episode of his life is covered in detail and supported by references. A considerable amount of political and general historical narrative is supplied to provide the background to Davout's career, which is considerate to any reader previously unfamiliar with Napoleonic history. Inevitably the central portion of his life is an account of Napoleon's campaigns since he played such a significant part in them but they are viewed from a slightly different angle to the standard Napoleon-centred narratives, which adds an extra dimension: not surprisingly, this is most noticeable in the Jena-Auerstädt chapter.
    [Show full text]
  • Pierre Riel, the Marquis De Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte's Spanish Policy, 1802-05 Michael W
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Fear and Domination: Pierre Riel, the Marquis de Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte's Spanish Policy, 1802-05 Michael W. Jones Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Fear and Domination: Pierre Riel, the Marquis de Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte’s Spanish Policy, 1802-05 By Michael W. Jones A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Spring Semester 2005 Copyright 2004 Michael W. Jones All Rights Reserved The members of the Committee approved the dissertation of Michael W. Jones defended on 28 April 2004. ________________________________ Donald D. Horward Professor Directing Dissertation ________________________________ Outside Committee Member Patrick O’Sullivan ________________________________ Jonathan Grant Committee Member ________________________________ James Jones Committee Member ________________________________ Paul Halpern Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my father Leonard William Jones and my mother Vianne Ruffino Jones. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Earning a Ph.D. has been the most difficult task of my life. It is an endeavor, which involved numerous professors, students, colleagues, friends and family. When I started at Florida State University in August 1994, I had no comprehension of how difficult it would be for everyone involved. Because of the help and kindness of these dear friends and family, I have finally accomplished my dream.
    [Show full text]
  • View the Enlightenment As a Catalyst for Beneficial Change in the Region
    UNA REVOLUCION, NI MAS NI MENOS: THE ROLE OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE SUPREME JUNTAS IN QUITO, 1765-1822 Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Beau James Brammer, B.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2010 Master’s Examination Committee: Kenneth Andrien, Adviser Stephanie Smith Alan Gallay Copyright by Beau James Brammer 2010 Abstract This thesis examines the role the European Enlightenment played in the political sphere during the late colonial era in the Audiencia of Quito. Until the eighteenth century, Creole elites controlled the local economic and governmental sectors. With the ascension of the Bourbon dynasty in 1700, however, these elites of Iberian descent began to lose their power as new European ideas, emerging from the Enlightenment, led to a process of consolidating and centralizing power into the hands of Peninsular Spanish officials. Known as the Bourbon Reforms, these measures led to Creole disillusionment, as they began losing power at the local level. Beginning in the 1770s and 1780s, however, Enlightenment ideas of “nationalism” and “rationality” arrived in the Andean capital, making their way to the disgruntled Creoles. As the situation deteriorated, elites began to incorporate these new concepts into their rhetoric, presenting a possible response to the Reforms. When Napoleon invaded Spain in 1808, the Creoles expelled the Spanish government in Quito, creating an autonomous movement, the Junta of 1809, using these Enlightenment principles as their justification. I argue, however, that while these ‘modern’ principles gave the Creoles an outlet for their grievances, it is their inability to find a common ground on how their government should interpret these new ideas which ultimately lead to the Junta’s failure.
    [Show full text]
  • Caroline Murat: Powerful Patron of Napoleonic France and Italy
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2014-07-10 Caroline Murat: Powerful Patron of Napoleonic France and Italy Brittany Dahlin Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Art Practice Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Dahlin, Brittany, "Caroline Murat: Powerful Patron of Napoleonic France and Italy" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 4224. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4224 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Caroline Murat: Powerful Patron of Napoleonic France and Italy Brittany Dahlin A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Heather Belnap Jensen, Chair James Swensen Mark Magleby Department of Visual Arts Brigham Young University June 2014 Copyright © 2014 Brittany Dahlin All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Caroline Murat: Powerful Patron of Napoleonic France and Italy Brittany Dahlin Department of Visual Arts, BYU Master of Arts Caroline Bonaparte Murat created an identity for herself through the art that she collected during the time of her reign as queen of Naples as directed by her brother, Napoleon, from 1808- 1814. Through the art that she both commissioned and purchased, she developed an identity as powerful politically, nurturing, educated, fashionable, and Italianate. Through this patronage, Caroline became influential on stylish, female patronage in both Italy and France. Caroline purchased and commissioned works from artists such as Jean-August-Domonique Ingres, François Gérard, Elizabeth Vigée LeBrun, Antonio Canova and other lesser-known artists of the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • What We Learn from the Stephen Girard Collection – by Elizabeth Laurent – Former Director of Historic Resources, Girard College
    Click Here to Return to Home Page and Main Menu Real and Rare: What We Learn from the Stephen Girard Collection – By Elizabeth Laurent – Former Director of Historic Resources, Girard College A joy of my job is The Archives holds Stephen Girard’s Papers, a collection sharing the Stephen available on microfilm to researchers at the Philadelphia’s Girard Collection with American Philosophical Society. The Girard Papers current Girard College include over 800 boxes of “loose” papers of incoming students. Sometimes, correspondence; receipts; lists; construction, garden and the students, seeing ship records; and architectural I’m so much older than drawings. We have three they, figure I must have thousand of Girard’s bound been alive in the 1800’s volumes, including year-by- and ask, “Mrs. Laurent, year receipt books, copies of his did you know Stephen outgoing correspondence, ship Portrait of Stephen Girard Girard?” By Bass Otis, 1832 log books, maps, bank records This is a funny but reasonable question. They rightly and his personal library. wonder how I know anything about Stephen Girard. At our museum in The glory of the Stephen Founder’s Hall on the Girard Collection is how Girard College campus, its authentic and varied we preserve thousands objects give us a sense of of objects from Girard’s the man. The artifacts Philadelphia townhouse: reflect their owner, being a Founder’s Hall on the Girard College his furniture, silver, Girard’s bound volumes personal collection of items sculpture, paintings, prints both plain and fancy. and porcelain. The collection also includes everyday items, It is rare for a man’s artifacts and archives to remain together like his clothing, darned socks and toupee; and household long after his death.
    [Show full text]
  • From an Engraving in the Historical Society of Pennsylvania of The
    From an engraving in The Historical Society of Pennsylvania of the original painted from life at Bordentown, New Jersey, by Goubaud, an artist from Brussels, in January, 1831. 208 Joseph Bonaparte JOSEPH BONAPARTE as recorded in the Private Journal of Nicholas Biddle With an Introduction and Notes By EDWARD BIDDLE Joseph Bonaparte, eldest brother of the Emperor Napoleon (Bonaparte), arrived in this country in Au- gust, 1815—landing in New York on the twenty-eighth of the month—the passage from Bordeaux having con- sumed thirty-four days. It was not without risk of capture that Joseph suc- ceeded in reaching the soil of this country. Two En- glish war-vessels had overhauled the ship after leaving Bordeaux, but appeared satisfied with the passports that had been secured before sailing. Joseph's was in the name of Surviglieri, anticipating by analogy the one of Survilliers later adopted in this country. Joseph and his small suite lingered a few days in New York before setting out for Washington, D. C, passing through Philadelphia and Baltimore en route; the object of this journey being a proposed call on President Madison. For political reasons and for fear of embarrassing the Administration, Madison declined to receive Joseph—so that being apprized of this deci- sion after leaving Baltimore, he did not continue his journey to the Capitol. On the journey back he passed through Lancaster, Pennsylvania, being entertained there by a Mr. Slaymaker. He reached Philadelphia on the eighteenth of September, 1815. Napoleon had advised him to take up his residence in this country somewhere between Philadelphia and New York, so that news from the Old World could readily reach him.
    [Show full text]
  • The Patronage and Collections of Louis-Philippe and Napoléon III During the Era of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert
    Victoria Albert &Art & Love Victoria Albert &Art & Love The patronage and collections of Louis-Philippe and Napoléon III during the era of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert Emmanuel Starcky Essays from a study day held at the National Gallery, London on 5 and 6 June 2010 Edited by Susanna Avery-Quash Design by Tom Keates at Mick Keates Design Published by Royal Collection Trust / © HM Queen Elizabeth II 2012. Royal Collection Enterprises Limited St James’s Palace, London SW1A 1JR www.royalcollection.org ISBN 978 1905686 75 9 First published online 23/04/2012 This publication may be downloaded and printed either in its entirety or as individual chapters. It may be reproduced, and copies distributed, for non-commercial, educational purposes only. Please properly attribute the material to its respective authors. For any other uses please contact Royal Collection Enterprises Limited. www.royalcollection.org.uk Victoria Albert &Art & Love The patronage and collections of Louis-Philippe and Napoléon III during the era of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert Emmanuel Starcky Fig. 1 Workshop of Franz Winterhalter, Portrait of Louis-Philippe (1773–1850), 1840 Oil on canvas, 233 x 167cm Compiègne, Musée national du palais Fig. 2 After Franz Winterhalter, Portrait of Napoleon III (1808–1873), 1860 Tapestry from the Gobelin manufactory, 241 x 159cm Compiègne, Musée national du palais The reputation of certain monarchs is so distorted by caricaturists as to undermine their real achievements. Such was the case with Louis-Philippe (1773–1850; fig. 1), son of Philippe Egalité, who had voted for the execution of his cousin Louis XVI, and with his successor, Napoléon III (1808–73; fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release
    PRESS RELEASE from THE FRICK COLLECTION 1 EAST 70TH STREET • NEW YORK • NEW YORK 10021 • TELEPHONE (212) 288-0700 • FAX (212) 628-4417 Goya’s Last Works First Exhibition in North America to Focus on Final Period of Goya’s Working Life February 22, 2006, through May 14, 2006 Goya’s luminous 1824 portrait of a woman known as María Martínez de Puga has always held a special place in the artist’s oeuvre as one of his most direct and candid works, radical in its simplicity. Acquired by Henry Clay Frick in 1914, the painting is the inspiration for the upcoming special exhibition, Goya’s Last Works, the first in the United States to concentrate exclusively on the final phase of the artist’s long career, primarily on the period of his voluntary exile in Bordeaux from 1824 to 1828. The exhibition will present over fifty objects including paintings, miniatures on ivory, lithographs, and drawings borrowed from public and private European and American collections. These works reveal the vitality and irrepressible creativity of an artist who, at age seventy-eight, in frail health and long deaf, pulled up roots in Madrid, his home for the preceding half century, and started over in France. Portrait of a Lady (María Martínez de Puga?), His final works have little in common with those of his contemporaries in France and 1824, Oil on canvas, 31 1/2 x 23 in. (80 x 58.4 cm), The Frick Collection, New York, Photography by Richard di Liberto in Spain and had almost no impact on the generations that immediately followed; in fact, they remained little known until the early twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Catholicism and Bonapartism: Catholics and the Coup D' Etat Of
    162 CATHOLICISM AND BONAPARTISM: CATHOLICS AND THE COUP d'ETAT OF LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE AnIta M4y Deportment of History, CentroI State College, Edmond, Oklahoma This study examines the attitude of Catholics, represented by their newspapers lad bishops, towards the coup cfet2t of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. An analysis is made of Catholic opinion before, during, and after the coup to determine its import­ ance to the success of authoritarianism. The evidence leads to the conclusion that Catholic: support only became important after the coup, and was obviously motivated by opportunism. This support was countered by the growth of an opposition move­ ment Jed by two CatholiC newspGlper5, which replaced the episcopate as the voice of Church independence. The Revolution of 1848 had initiated in Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, before the coup. France the second experiment with a re­ Catholics supported the new republic when publican form of government since the great it was established in 1848. They found that it Revolution of 1789. This new republic was respected the Church and .were willing to cut short by the assumption of dictatorial permit it a greater degrce of freedom than powers in the coup d'etat of December, had the previous monarchical regimes. Af­ 1851. The coup was accomplished by the ter the social uprisings of June, 1848, Catho­ President of the Republic, Louis Napoleon lics flocked to the party of order, favoring Bonaparte, nephew of the first Napoleon, any leader who could control the radical who had played a similar role during the elements in society. Louis Napoleon, elected first revolution. Some historians would argue president in December, 1848, was regarded that such an event was a product of the by Catholics and aH other conservatives as French character, a process typical of French a guarantor of peace and order.
    [Show full text]
  • Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 - 1821)
    Napoleon Bonaparte (1769 - 1821) "On Judgement Day, before God's throne, There stood at last Napoleon, The Devil had his list-begun Of crime the Bonaparte had done. When God the Father, or God the Son Cut Satan short, before Gods throne! "Don't bore us all to death with reading A German professorial pleading! If you are bold enough to face him In your Kingdom you may place him" -----(Goethe) Napoleon Crossing the Alps, Jacques-Louis David (1800, Oil on Canvas) Personal Life ● Born in Corsica on 15th August 1769 ● Son of Carlo Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino ● Siblings – Joseph, Lucien, Louis, Elisa, Pauline, Caroline and Jerome ● Attended the military academy at Brienne-le-Chateau ● Married to Josephine de Beauharnais ● Later divorced due to a lack of children and married to Marie-Louise, Duchess of Parma (of the Austrian noble family) Rise to Power ● As an artillery captain, rose to fame during the French revolution and was promoted to Brigadier General ● Successful stints in Nice, Italy and Egypt established his credentials as a strategist and leader of men ● On returning to France, there was a power vacuum caused by the collapse of the revolution and internal unrest ● Coup to take power and declared First Consul for Life ● Later, became Napoleon I, Emperor of France Napoleonic Wars (1800 - 1815) ● Series of wars fought between France and her kingdoms against various coalitions of European states ● Coalition at different times included Austria, Prussia, Russia, Sweden and Great Britain ● Napoleon was responsible for establishing France as the most powerful nation in Europe ● Also responsible for having Europe up in flames for the better part of a decade ● Finally concluded with his defeat at Waterloo in 1815 The Third Coalition ● Spanned from 1803 to 1806 ● France vs.
    [Show full text]