Petro-Wealth Ownership Report for , 2011

Produced by Blackbeard Data to outline the demographics of Texas oil and gas ownership.

Copyright 2011, Blackbeard Data Services, LLC For Public Release 01MAR11 www.BlackbeardData.com Executive Summary Texas contains $113 billion worth of petro-wealth in proved producing reserves. Of this, corporations own $89 billion, individuals own $18 billion, trusts own $4 billion, and the remaining $2 billion spread between non-profits, educational institutions, religious organizations, and the government.

Overview For 2011 Texas holds $113 billion of proved producing reserves. The number was generated on a county by county basis by performing extensive decline curve analysis. At the time the price of oil was $72.87 per barrel. We won't address proved non-producing, probable, and possible classed reserves in this report. Just proved producing petroleum reserves will be addressed.

Total Texas Petro-Wealth Of Proved Producing Reserves

Working Interest 83,051

Royalties 26,158

Overrides 4,158

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000

$USD in millions Ownership Of Total Petro-Wealth By Entity Class

For this report all types of ownership have been collected together and plotted by class of entity. There is a clear bias toward companies. This is due in part to the fact that working interest values are usuall owned by corporations. We will break out royalty and overriding royalty wealth in another chart to better understand petro- wealth.

Petro-Wealth In Texas By Entity

Corporations $89,069

Individuals $18,363

Trusts $4,242

Educational Institutions $856

Non-Profits $327

Goverment agencies $389

Religious Organizations $130

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000

USD in Millions Ownership Of Royalty Petro-Wealth By Class

Notice that a better view of Texas petro-wealth can be viewed after working interest wealth has been taken from the study.

Corporations wealth from all all types of ownership was $89 billion is now $7 billion after you remove the working interest amounts. That is a drastic change. Notice that ~92% of total working petro-wealth comes from investments in working interest.

Petro-Wealth by Class - Royalty Only

Individuals $13,090

Corporations $7,595

Trusts $3,844

Educational Entities $829

Non Profits $308

Goverment Agencies $364

Religious Institutions $125

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000

$USD in Millions Ownership of Royalty Interest By State

Oil and gas asset located in Texas will have a skew toward Texans owning it. Notice that the graph shows a huge proportion of royalty and override ownership being owned by Texans, with ownership in other states being tiny figures on the graph in comparison to Texas. US territories are included as well. Notice VI (Virgin Islands) has the highest petro-wealth among the US territories.

Bulk of wealth owned by Texans Texas petro-wealth consists of about $24.9 billion in royalties and overrides. The graph shows that Texans own about 84% of the total petro-wealth. The second runner up for petro-wealth is Oklahoma at 5%, with and coming in tied for third both at 2%. There is very little petro-wealth owned by Non-US citizens overtly. Some domestic companies may own minerals which are in turn owned by foreign nationals or foreign states via the stock shares. Texas Petro-Wealth by State of Owner

AK 6 AL 51 AR 76 AS 0 AZ 131 CA 487 CO 504 CT 36 DC 9 DE 8 FL 190 GA 63 GU 0 HI 13 IA 19 ID 27 IL 65 IN 21 KS 82 KY 55 LA 215 MA 39 MD 35 ME 8 MI 37 MN 47 MO 164 MP 0 MS 23 MT 24 NC 81 ND 1 NE 47 NJ 33 NM 255 NV 42 NY 118 OH 52 OK 1,401 OR 56 PA 48 PR 0 RI 3 SC 21 SD 9 TN 46 TX 24,989 UT 19 VI 2 VT 7 WA 66 WI 16 WV 67 WY 28 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

USD in Millions Texas Petro-Wealth by State of Owner-Texas Omitted

AK 6 AL 51 AR 76 AS 0 AZ 131 CA 487 CO 504 CT 36 DC 9 DE 8 FL 190 GA 63 GU 0 HI 13 IA 19 ID 27 IL 65 IN 21 KS 82 KY 55 LA 215 MA 39 MD 35 ME 8 MI 37 MN 47 MO 164 MP 0 MS 23 MT 24 NC 81 ND 1 NE 47 NJ 33 NM 255 NV 42 NY 118 OH 52 OK 1,401 OR 56 PA 48 PR 0 RI 3 SC 21 SD 9 TN 46 UT 19 VI 2 VT 7 WA 66 WI 16 WV 67 WY 28 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600

USD in Millions Petro-Wealth By City

We have selected out the top 20 cities of petro-wealth. This graph does include the working interest wealth, biasing it to and Fort Worth, the seat of many oil companies. Since last year Oklahoma City has shifted from #2 in ranking on this chart to #4. We need another chart.

Texas Petro-Wealth By City

Top 20 Cities

HOUSTON $36,045 FORT WORTH $10,596 MIDLAND $9,461 OKLAHOMA CITY, OK $8,954 $6,174 ROWLETT $3,014 TULSA, OK $2,281 DENVER, CO $2,023 AUSTIN $2,018 ODESSA $1,815 $1,471 WICHITA FALLS $1,323 CARROLLTON $1,202 IRVING $908 ABILENE $873 CORPUS CHRISTI $786 MESQUITE $767 TYLER $694 AMARILLO $656 SAN ANGELO $564

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000

$USD in millions Texas Petro-Wealth By City – Royalties Only In the graph below working interest wealth has been removed leaving only override and royalty wealth.

Texas Petro-Wealth By City-No WI

Top 20 Cities

HOUSTON $3,826

FORT WORTH $2,139

DALLAS $2,129

AUSTIN $1,613

MIDLAND $1,579

SAN ANTONIO $990

OKALHOMA CITY, OK $585

SAN ANGELO $485

TULSA, OK $425

LUBBOCK $415

AMARILLO $414

WICHITA FALLS $394

LAREDO $367

ABILENE $335

TYLER $282

DENVER $265

ODESSA $245

VICTORIA $237

LEVELLAND $278

CORPUS CHRISTI $209

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500

$USD in millions Terminology There are three types of ownership for oil and gas assets: • Working Interest – WI ownership is comprised of individuals or corporations who invest in oil and gas drilling. Typically, working interest owners receive 70- 90% of the value of oil produced because of the risk assessed with working interest, the risk being having the financial responsibility to pay for all the operating costs. • Royalty Interest – RI ownership receives a risk-free payment. This payment is paid to the mineral owner by the operator. Typically royalty owners combined receive between 10-25% of the value of the oil produced. • Overriding Royalty Interest – This interest is similar to a Royalty Interest, but the owner does not own the minerals. Overriding royalties disappear if the lease expires. Typically 1-5% of the value of the oil produced.

A typical oil lease 20 years ago would be: 87.5% Oil Company (owns 100% WI) 12.5% Mineral Owner These numbers represent the NRI or Net Revenue Interest which is the division of the revenues from the oil. The Oil company has to pay 100% of the bills, hence the 100% WI.

Modern leases are closer to: 80% Oil Company (owns 100% WI) 20% Mineral Owner The higher royalty is due to lower risk using modern methods in drilling.

About Blackbeard Data

Blackbeard Data is a data service provider offering lease ownership data for properties throughout Texas, , Arkansas, and . Located in Austin, Texas, it has provided lease ownership information, geospatial lease data, and analytical services to oil investors for over 17 years. For more information, or to purchase lease ownership information, contact us at 800 762 3057 or visit us at www.BlackbeardData.com